UNIVERSITY OF DELHI

CNC-II/093/1(26)/2023-24/322
Dated: 02.08.2023
NOTIFICATION
Sub: Amendment to Ordinance V
[E.C Resolution No. 14/ (14-1-9) dated 09.06.2023]

Following addition be made to Appendix-II-A to the Ordinance V (2-A) of the Ordinances of

the University;

Add the following:

Syllabi of Semester-IV, V and VI of the Department of Finance & Business Economics under
Faculty of Applied Social Sciences & Humanities based on Under Graduate Curriculum
Framework -2022 implemented from the Academic Year 2022-23.

SEMESTER -IV
B.A. (Honours) Business Economics

DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – 10 (DSC-10): MACROECONOMICS - II

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course Title & Credits Credit distribution of the Eligibility Pre-requisite

Code course criteria of the course
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ (if any)
Practice
Macroeconomics-II 4 3 1 0 Class 12 Mathematics
(DSC 10) at Class 12

Learning Objectives

This course aims at inculcating an understanding:

(i) of macroeconomic outcomes arising from assumptions of individual behaviour
(ii) of equilibrium under different assumptions on aggregate demand and supply.
(iii) of the relation between wages, prices, unemployment under different models
(iv) of an economy that trades with others and how it determines the balance of payments and
different types of exchange rates.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, the students will be able to:

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 · Understand basics of consumption function and different hypotheses regarding
aggregate consumption behavior.
· Derive wage setting, price setting relations and labour market equilibrium.
· Derive aggregate demand and aggregate supply and economy’s equilibrium
conditions in medium run and understand the interaction between the two.
· Understand the relationship between inflation, unemployment and output and role
of expectation on policy and their effectiveness.

SYLLABUS OF DSC-10

UNIT–I: Microeconomics foundation of Macroeconomics (9 hours)

Consumption: Keynesian consumption function; Fisher’s theory of optimal intertemporal
choice; life cycle and permanent income hypothesis; rational expectations and random walk
of consumption expenditure, Investment: determinants of business fixed investment;
residential investment and inventory investment

UNIT – II: Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply (6 hours)

Derivation of aggregate supply curve; Interaction of aggregate demand and supply to
determine equilibrium output, price level and employment, The aggregate supply curve and
the price adjustment mechanism.

UNIT – III:Labour markets, Employment and Prices (18 hours)

The labour market: - determination of wages, prices, unemployment, Natural rate of
unemployment and NAIRU, stagflation, expected inflation. Philips curve, inflation-
expectations augmented Phillips curve, the wage-unemployment relationship: Sticky wages;
from Phillips curve to the aggregate supply curve; the costs of unemployment and inflation,
inflation and indexation: inflation-proofing the economy; Theory of Expectations, Inflation,
unemployment and expectations, Phillips curve and adaptive and rational expectations;
Dynamics of Inflation and Unemployment: Inflation, expectation and the aggregate supply
curve, short and long runaggregate supply curves, dynamic aggregate demand curve;
Inflation and output, the adjustment process, dynamic adjustment, interest rate and inflation:
the Fishers Equation.

UNIT – IV:Open Economy Macroeconomics (12 hours)

Balance of Payments, Kinds of exchange rate, Nominal and Real Exchange rate, fixed and
flexible exchange rate, Marshall Lerner condition & J curve, Mundell Fleming model,
Exchange rate determination: Purchasing power parity, asset market approach and monetary
approach to Balance of Payments (BoP)

Essential/recommended readings

1. Dornbusch, R., Fischer, S. and Startz, R., 2014. Macroeconomics. 11th edition, New
York, McGraw-Hill Education.
2. Dornbusch, R. and Fischer, S. (2000) Macroeconomics. 6th Edition. McGraw-Hill
Education.
3. Blanchard, O. (2006). Macroeconomics, 4th ed. Pearson Education.
4. C.L.F. Attfield, D. Demery and N.W. Duck, (1991) Rational expectations in
macroeconomics: An introduction to theory and evidence ( 2nd Ed.)

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 5. Carlin, W and D Soskice (2007), Macroeconomics: Imperfections, Institutions and
Policies, Indian Edition, OUP.
6. David C. Colander (2017) Macroeconomics (9th edition), McGraw Hill
Suggested readings

1. Bradley R. Schiller and Karen Gebhardt (2019) Macro economy Today (14th edition),
McGraw Hill
2. Richard T. Froyen (2013). Macroeconomics: Theories and Policies (10th ed.), Pearson.
3. Government of India (GOI) (Latest Year), Economic Survey, Ministry of Finance New
Delhi.
4. Government of India (GOI) (Latest Year), Handbook of Indian Economy, RBI
Publication New Delhi.
5. N. Gregory Mankiw, Macroeconomics, Worth Publishers.
6. Chugh, S. (2015) Modern Macroeconomics, MIT Press.
7. D’Souza, E, Macroeconomics, Pearson Education
8. D. N.Dwivedi (2015), Macroeconomics- Theory and Policy, McGraw-Hill.
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – 11 (DSC-11): Statistics for Business Economics-II

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-requisite
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Practice (if any)
Statistics for Business 4 3 0 1 Class 12 Mathematics
Economics - II at Class 12
(DSC 11) level

Learning Objectives

This course aims to develop an understanding of:

• Theories of probability distribution.

• Sampling techniques and types of sampling.
• Methods of estimation
• Testing of Hypothesis.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, the students will be able to:

• Understand the formulation of complex decision-making problems in an uncertain

environment using different statistical techniques.

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 • Study various research designs and appropriate sampling techniques.

• Analyze and apply some basic stochastic processes for solving real life situations and
to execute statistical analyses with professional software.

• Draw conclusion about the population using hypotheses testing.

· ·

SYLLABUS OF DSC-11

UNIT – I: Theoretical Probability Distributions (15 hours)

Discrete: Binomial and Poisson. Continuous: Normal. Mean and variance. Applications.
Bivariate distributions: covariance and correlation.

UNIT – II:Sampling (9hours)

Random sampling; sampling methods; statistics and their distributions; central limit theorem,
distribution of linear combination of random variables.

UNIT – III:Estimation (12 hours)

Point estimators and properties. Methods of point estimation. Sampling distributions: t, chi
square and F. Interval estimation for mean, proportion and variance.

UNIT – IV: Testing of Hypothesis (9 hours)

Null and alternative hypotheses. Types of errors. Testing for the population mean, proportion
and variance. One and two tail tests. P-values. Testing for difference in means and
proportions; comparing variances.

Practical component (30 hours) –Practicals to be based on aspreadsheet software (Microsoft

Excel or equivalent) to enable students to execute all the measures and tests taken up in the
theory classes in the course.

Essential/recommended readings
1. Devore, Jay L., (2012). Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the
sciences.8th Edition, Cengage Learning.
Suggestive readings
1. Miller, Irwin and Marylees Miller. John E. Freund's Mathematical Statistics with
Applications, Eighth Edition, Pearson Education.
2. Nagar, A.L., and R.K. Das. Basic Statistics, Second Edition, Oxford University Press
3. Gupta, S.C., Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics, Himalaya Publishing House
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

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 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – (DSC-12): MARKETING MANAGEMENT

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-requisite
criteria of the course
Lecture Tutorial Practical/
(if any)
Practice
Essentials of 4 3 1 0 Class 12 None
Marketing
Management
(DSC 12)

Learning Objectives

The course aims to develop an understanding of

• Firm’s internal and external marketing environment.

• Segmentation and defining the target market for a selected product or service.
• Product decisions and use of pricing strategies.
• Relevance of distribution and promotional strategies in supporting marketing strategies.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, students will be able to:

· Understand the business environment including the economic, social, political, legal, and
technological forces.
· Develop key strategies for developing brands including brand equity, brand identity and
brand and line extensions.
· Recognise different pricing strategies and understand issues related to distribution.
· Understand the elements of promotion- advertising, sales promotion, events, public
relations and publicity, direct marketing, interactive marketing, word of mouth and public
selling.

SYLLABUS OF DSC-12

UNIT – I: Introduction and Environment (9hours)

Importance and Scope of Marketing; Core Marketing Concepts; Company Orientations.
Marketing Environment, an Economic Perspective: Economic, Demographic, Socio- Cultural,
Technological, Political and Legal. Influence of Current Economic Situation on Marketing
Functions. Michael Porter’s Model of Competitive Analysis

Unit 2: Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning (9 hours)

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Market Segmentation - Bases for Segmenting Consumer Market.Market Targeting- Evaluating
and Selecting Market Segments. Positioning- Positioning Statement, POP and POD

Unit 3: Product & Pricing (12 hours)

Product Life Cycle- Concept and Strategic Implications; Product Mix and Line Decisions-
Product Line Length, Modernisation, Line Pruning and Filling; Cannibalisation; BCG Matrix,
ANSOFF Matrix; Branding- Brand Identity, Brand Equity, Brand Name Decisions. Services-
Characteristics of Services. Pricing Strategies (Geographical Pricing, Price Discounts &
Allowances, Promotional Pricing Tactics, Psychological Pricing, Price Discrimination)

Unit 4: Distribution & Promotion (15hours)

Channels Functions and Flows; Channel Levels.Retailing- Marketing Decisions in Retailing.
Promotion: Promotion Mix; Concept Of Integrated Marketing Communication.
Advertising- Advertising Objectives, Advertising Budget, Message Generation, Media
(Types, Reach Frequency, Impact); Measurement; Sales Promotion (Objectives, Major
Decisions in Sales Promotion, brand dilution); Personal Selling; Events and Experiences;
Public Relations and Publicity; Direct Marketing; Interactive Marketing (Introduction to
Online Marketing).Word Of Mouth and Word of Web.

Essential/recommended readings
1. Kotler, P. & Keller, K. L. Marketing Management. Pearson Publications.
2. Kotler P, Armstrong G., Agnihotri P.Y &UlHaq, E. Principles of Marketing - A South
Asian Perspective. Pearson Publications.
3. Ramaswamy V.S, Namakumari S. Marketing Management: Global Perspective Indian
Context. Macmillan Publishers.

Suggestive readings
1. Dawn Iacobucci. Marketing Management. Cengage Learning.
2. Etzel M. J, Walker B.J, Stanton W.J and Pandit A. Marketing. Tata McGraw Hill.
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

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 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE COURSE 2 (DSE-2): PUBLIC FINANCE

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-requisite
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Practice
Public Finance 4 3 1 0 Class 12 None
(DSE2)

Learning Objectives

The course aims to develop an understanding of

• Fundamental concepts of Public Finance.
• Economics of government expenditure and taxation
• Efficiency and equity aspect of taxation of centre and state government.
• Different types of canons in taxation.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, the students will be able to:

● Apply tools of basic microeconomics to key policy issues relating to the spending,
taxing and financing activities of the Government.
● Understand difference in impact of direct and indirect taxation.
● Understand the recent developments and issues in Indian Public Finance.

SYLLABUS OF DSE-2

Unit 1: Theory of Public Finance (12 hours)

Public finance: Meaning, nature, scope and importance, difference between private and
public finance. Principle of maximum social advantage.Role of state in public finance.
Elementary theory of product and factor taxation.
Sources of revenue: taxes, loans, grants and aid – meaning and types, Principle of public
expenditure. Public finance and the economic system.

Unit 2: Current Issues in Indian Tax System (12hours)

Direct and Indirect Tax Reform in India, Different forms of direct tax in India,
Changing regime of taxation-direct to indirect taxation.
Introduction of GST and its implication for state finances and fiscal federalism in India,
Latest finance commission and its recommendation for fiscal devolution.

Unit 3: Center State Financial Relations (9hours)

Center state fiscal relations, horizontal and vertical tax devolution in India,

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State and local finance in India.
Performance and Equity debate in fiscal devolution in India.
Report of finance commission in post liberalisation period.

Unit 4: Principles of Taxation (12 hours)

Canons of taxation, Meaning of Canons of Taxation -Types of Canons of Taxation-Canon of
equality or equity, Canon of certainty, Canon of economy, Canon of productivity, Canon of
Diversity, Canon of convenience, Canon of elasticity, Canon of simplicity, Canon of
diversity, Characteristics of Canons of Taxation.

Essential/recommended readings

1Musgrave, R. A. and Musgrave, P.B., Public Finance in Theory and Practice (1989), 5th
edition. McGraw Hill Education.
2. Bagchi, Amaresh. Reading in Public Finance, Oxford University Press.
3. Bhatia H.L.. Public Finance. Vikas Publishing House;
4. Shankar Acharya, Thirty years of Tax Reforms in India, EPW, May 2005
5. Rao, M. Govinda, "Central transfers to states in India: rewarding performance while
ensuring equity." Final report submitted to NITI Aayog (2017) (pages 1 to 18).
6. Government of India, Fifteenth Finance Commission Report 2021-26, Chapter 6

Suggestive readings

1. Report of Finance commission of India, Various years.

2. Economic Survey, GoI, Various year
3. State Finances: - A Study of Budget, RBI, Latest report
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

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 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE COURSE 4 (DSE-4): ADVERTISING MANAGEMENT
CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria requisite of
Practice the course
Advertising 4 3 1 0 Class 12 None
Management
(DSE 4)

Learning Objectives

To provide students with an understanding of:

• Fundamentals of advertising.
• Planning advertisements to target audience needs using product benefits and product
characteristics.
• Crafting an effective creative brief to direct the approach to an advertising campaign.
• Various types of advertising media.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, the students will be able to:

· Understand the role played by advertising agencies.

· Recognise and identify the facet model objectives in any advertisement.
· Conduct situation analysis and consumer insight mining.
· Learn creative execution strategies including application of appeals, layouts and
creative copywriting.
· Understand and conduct appropriate media mix selection.

SYLLABUS OF DSE-4

Unit 1: Foundations of Advertising (12 hours)

Concept of advertising, Types of advertising, Concept of IMC, Role and functions of
Advertising, the key players, functions of advertising agencies, Organisation of agency,
Advertising appropriateness- factors influencing advertising budgets, methods of setting
advertising budgets.

Unit 2: Planning and Strategy (12hours)

Planning Framework-marketing and advertising plan, Facet model of objectives (Perception,

Cognition, Affect, Association, Action), DAGMAR, Marketing strategy and situation
analysis, consumer insight mining, big idea, positioning for advertising campaigns.

Unit 3: Effective Advertising Execution (12hours)

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The creative and message strategy, creative brief, themes and appeals, execution styles,
message format, message tone, copywriting creativity, body copy, visual layouts, evaluation
of effectiveness, pre-testing, post-testing.

Unit 4: Effective Advertising Media (9hours)

Types of media, newer media options, media objectives, developing a media plan, media
Plan budget, media mix selection.

Essential/recommended readings

·1. Belch,G.E., Michael, A., Keyoor, Purani. Advertising and Promotion-An Integrated
Maketing Communications. 12th edition. Tata McGraw Hill Education. 2021.
2. William Wells, Sandra Moriarty, and John Burnett. Advertising: Principles and
Practice. Prenctice Hall of India. 2007.
3. Jethwaney, Jaishri., Jain, Shruti. Advertising Management. Oxford University press.
4. Shah, Kruti. Advertising and Integrated Marketing Communications. McGraw Hill
Education India. 2014.
5. Aaker, David A., Batra, Rajeev., Myers, John G. Advertising Management. Pearson
Education. 2006.
6. Shimp, T.A. .Advertising and Promotion: An IMC Approach. Cengage. 2013.
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

10
 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE COURSE 4 (DSE-4): INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria requisite of
Practice the course
(if any)
International Financial 4 3 1 0 Class XII None
Management
(DSE 6)

Learning Objectives

This course aims at inculcating an understanding of:

• Key features of international finance and foreign exchange markets.

• Theories of International finance that link exchange rates with interest rates and inflation
rates in different countries.
• Evolution of exchange rate system in the international financial markets.
• Determination of exchange rate, types of foreign exchange risks and risk management
strategies.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, the students will be able to:

· Gain substantive knowledge of International Financial Management.

· Understand the principles of trading in foreign exchange markets, different
instruments traded, risks involved and how to carry out hedging of currency
risks.
· Learn how to compute forward rates using cross rates, computation of synthetic
quotes and apply rules to determine existence of arbitrage amongst currencies
traded.
· Understand how the international markets have evolved and the alternate
exchange rate systems world has seen over the years

SYLLABUS OF DSE-6

Unit 1: Introduction To Currency Markets (12 hours)

Spot &Forex market: Introduction and Features, Participants, & their method of
communication in forex markets, SWIFT and CHIPS. Currency Quotes and types,
Calculation of forward rates using spot rates, Discount/Premium on spot rate, Swap Points
and Outright Forward Rates, Forward Rate vs. Expected Future spot rates, Spot rate with
and without transaction costs, Payoff Profiles on Forward Exchange, Currency futures and

11
Pay of Profiles, Mark to Market, Cross Rates & Synthetic quotes. Arbitrage: one point, two
point and three point (triangular) arbitrage.

Unit 2: Parity Conditions in Currency Markets (12 hours)

Purchasing Power Parity (both absolute and relative versions), Interest Rate Parity
(explanation of borrowing and lending criteria, diagrammatic presentation) , covered
interest rate parity, International Fischer Effect. The linkages between parity conditions.

Unit 3: Alternate Exchange Rate Systems and Payment Terms (9 hours)

Gold Standard and Gold Exchange Standard System with price adjustment mechanism ,
EMS and its price adjustment, Hybrid systems , Fixed vs Flexible System, Overview on
Brettonwoods System, IMF, SDR, Triffon Paradox & Smithsonian Agreement. Payment
Terms and Methods of Financing International Trade (Letter of Credit, Forfaiting, Factoring,
Credit Lines)

Unit 4: Exchange Rate Determination and Exposures (12 hours)

Currency Demand and Supply Curves, Stability of exchange rates and ‘J’ Curve Effect,
Factors Affecting Exchange Rate, Foreign Exchange Exposure: Nature, Definition, Exposure
Line and Interpretating Exposure, Statistical Measurement of Exposure, Types of Exposure
(Meaning): Transaction, Economic and Translation Exposure, Hedging Strategies to Manage
Transaction Exposures. Currency Swaps.

Essential/recommended readings

1. Apte, P G., Multinational Financial Management.Tata-McGraw Hill. New Delhi.

2. Levi, Maurice. International Finance. McGraw Hill Inc. New York.
3. Madura, Jeff. International Financial Management.South Western Cengage Learning.
4. Seth, A.K., International Financial Management. Galgotia Publishing Company. New
Delhi.
5. Shapiro, Allen C., Multinational Financial Management. Prentice Hall India Pvt Ltd.
New Delhi.
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

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COMMON POOL OF GENERIC ELECTIVE COURSES OFFERED BY THE DEPARTMENTS

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

GENERIC ELECTIVES (GE-2): INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL MARKETING

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-requisite
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Practice (if any)
Introduction to Digital 4 3 1 0 Class 12 None
Marketing
(GE - 2)

Learning Objectives
This course aims to acquaint the students with:
• Key marketing principles and terminology.
• Evolving digital landscape and the strategic role of digital marketing processes and tools
in designing the overall Marketing strategy.
• Methodologies, tools and technologies involved in digital marketing.
• Importance of search engines and their role in digital marketing ecosystem.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, students will be able to:

· Understand the concept of digital marketing and its integration with traditional
marketing.
· Understand customer value journey in digital context and behaviour of online
consumers.
· Learn email, content and social media marketing and apply the learnings to create
digital media campaigns.
· Examine various tactics for enhancing a website’s position and ranking with search
engines and search advertising.
SYLLABUS OF GE-2
Unit 1: Fundamentals of Marketing (6hours)
Importance of marketing; Core marketing Concepts; Company Orientations; Concept of
Segmentation, Targeting-Positioning; 7 P’s Framework; Product Life cycle; Pricing
strategies, Types of distribution channels; Promotion Mix.
Unit 2: Marketing in the Digital World (9 hours)
Digital marketing: Concept, Features, Difference between traditional and digital marketing,
Moving from traditional to digital Marketing; Digital Marketing Channels: Intent Based-
SEO, Search Advertising; Brand Based- Display Advertising; Community Based-SMM;
Others- Affiliate, Email, Content, Mobile; Customer Value Journey: 5As Framework; The
Ozone O3 Concept Key; Traits of online consumer.

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Unit 3: Content, Email and Social Media Marketing (15 hours)
Content Marketing: Developing a content marketing strategy; Email Marketing: Types of
Emails in email marketing, Email Marketing best practices; Social Media Marketing:
Building Successful Social Media strategy; Social Media Marketing Channels; Facebook,
LinkedIn, YouTube (Concepts and strategies)
Unit 4: Search Marketing (15 hours)
Introduction of SEM: Working of Search Engine; SERP Positioning; Search Engine
Optimization: Overview of SEO Process; Goal Setting-Types
On-Page Optimization: Keyword Research, SEO Process -Site Structure, Content, Technical
Mechanics, Headings, Image & Alt text, Social Sharing, Sitemaps, Technical Aspects-
Compatibility, Structured Data Markup.
Off Page Optimization: Link Formats, Link Building, Content Marketing, Social Sharing;
Black and White Hat Techniques
Search Advertising: Overview of PPC Process; Benefits of Paid Search; Basis of Ranking;
Goal Setting-Objectives; Account Setting-Creation of Google Ads, Campaign architecture,
Campaign setup, Targeting, Bid Strategy, Delivery, Ad Scheduling, Ad Rotation, Keyword
Selection; Ad Copy composition, Ad Extension
Overview of Display Advertising: Working of Display Advertising; Benefits and challenges.
Essential/recommended readings

1. Dodson, I. (2016). The art of digital marketing: the definitive guide to creating
strategic, targeted, and measurable online campaigns. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Kartajaya, H., Kotler, P., &Setiawan, I. (2016). Marketing 4.0: moving from traditional
to digital. John Wiley & Sons.
3. Ryan, Damien. Understanding Digital Marketing - Marketing Strategies for Engaging
the Digital Generation. Kogan Page Limited.
Additional References:
1. Kotler, P. (2009). Marketing management: A South Asian perspective. Pearson
Education, India.
2. Maity, Moutusy. Internet Marketing: A practical approach in the Indian Context.
Oxford Publishing.
3. Gupta, Seema. Digital Marketing. McGraw Hill
4. Ultimate guide to digital Marketing. Digital Marketer
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

14
 GENERIC ELECTIVES (GE-4): STATISTICS FOR BUSINESS
CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-requisite
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Practice (if any)
Statistics for Business 4 3 0 1 Class 12 Mathematics
(GE-4) at Class 12

Learning Objectives

The objective of this course is to enable students to:

• Describe data using summary statistics.
• Develop detailed understanding of discrete and continuous distributions.
• Develop skills in statistical computing, statistical reasoning and inferential methods.
• Comprehend and analyse real data like real indices.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, students will be able to:

· Learn tools and concepts of statistical analysis and interpretation.

· Comprehend fundamentals of probability theory.
· conduct statistical computing, statistical reasoning and use inferential methods.
· Comprehend and analyse real data like real indices.

SYLLABUS OF GE-4

Unit 1: Descriptive Statistics and Exploratory Data Analysis (12hours)

Types of Variables (Quantitative, Qualitative, discrete, continuous), Scales of Data
Measurement (nominal, ordinal, Interval & Ratio), Variable-; Primary & secondary Data.
Frequency distributions, Relative Frequency, Cumulative Distributions, Percentiles,
Quartiles; Graphical representation of data- bar charts, pie, histograms, box plots.
Univariate Measures Mean, median, mode, Geometric Mean, Harmonic Mean, Weighted
Mean & their properties. Selection of a measure of central tendency. Range, inter-quartile
range, quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation, variance, coefficient of
variance, properties of standard deviation, merits & demerits. Skewness and Kurtosis:
Meaning, measures- Karl Pearson, Bowley, Kelly’s, Kurtosis- meaning, Moments, Kurtosis
Bivariate Analysis: Cross-tabulations and Scatter diagram; Correlation, Association and linear
regressions
Unit 2: Probability and Distributions (12 hours)

15
Axioms of probability; Review of counting rules, experiments, sample space, simple and
complex events; Addition and multiplication rules; Concepts of Mutually exclusive events,
independent events; Concepts of Joint, marginal and conditional probability; Permutation
and Combinations
Concept of Discrete and continuous Random Variables; Expected value and variance;
Examples of Theoretical Discrete and Continuous Probability Distributions – Binomial,
Poisson and Normal distributions.
Unit 3: Sampling, Estimation and Hypotheses (15 hours)
Sample Statistics versus population parameters; Definition and Statistical properties of a
Random Sample; Point and Interval Estimation and Small Sample Properties of Estimators
(unbiasedness, efficiency); Central Limit Theorem. (Interval estimation for mean for large
samples)
Basic concepts of Hypotheses Testing: Formulation of Null and Alternate Hypotheses; One-
tailed and two-tailed Tests about population Mean; Concepts of Type I and Type II errors.
(Hypothesis testing for mean and difference between mean for large samples only)
Unit 4: Index Numbers (6hours)
Index Numbers: Use and construction of Laspeyres and Paasche indexes; Fixed and chain
base index numbers; Construction of real indexes: Consumer Price Index and BSE index.
Practical component (30 hours) - Practicals to be based on a spreadsheet package (Microsoft
Excel or equivalent) to enable students to execute all the measures and tests taken up in the
theory classes in the course.

Essential/recommended readings

1. Spiegel, M.R.(2003). Theory & Problems of Statistics, Schaum‘s outline series, McGraw
Hill.
2. Levin, Richard I. and Rubin, David (1998). Statistics for Management (7th Edition),
Pearson.
3. Gupta, S.C. (2018). Fundamentals of Statistics, Himalaya Publishing House
4. Spiegel, M. and Stephens, Larry (2017). Statistics (Schaum’s Outline Series), Tata-
Mcgraw-Hill, New Delhi
Suggestive readings

1. Nagar, A. L. and Das. R. K.. Basic Statistics (2nd Edition), Oxford University Press
2. Karmel, P. H. and Polasek, M. (1978). Applied Statistics for Economists (4th edition),
Pitman.
3. Larsen, Richard J. and Marx, Morris L. (2011). An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics
and its Applications. Prentice Hall.
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

16
 GENERIC ELECTIVES (GE-6): INTRODUCTION TO FINANCE

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria requisite of
Practice the course
(if any)
Introduction to 4 3 1 0 Class 12 None
Finance
(GE-6)

Learning Objectives

This course aims at providing a comprehensive introduction to:

• Financial system and its primary constituents.
• Sources of finance and time value of money.
• Basics of Investment and various asset classes.
• Key concepts of international financial management.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, students will be able to:

• Understand the meaning, scope and sources of Finance

· Estimate the present and future values of assets
· Examine the relationship between risk and return, and the nature and sources of risk in
a stock market context
· Analyse the currency exchange market to deal exchange rate risk.
SYLLABUS OF GE-6

UNIT – I: A Primer on Financial Markets & Institutions (9hours)

An overview of financial system: characteristics & requirements. Components & functions of
financial system. Financial markets: characteristics & types. Types & role of Financial
Institutions. An overview of the 2007–2008 Financial Crisis.

Unit 2: Corporate Finance: An Overview (12hours)

Nature, scope and objectives of Finance, Emerging role of Finance Managers in India and
Agency problem.Concept & Meaning of Financial Management, goals of financial
management, the three financial decisions- Investing, Financing & Dividend.
Sources of Finance: Equity & Preference Capital, Retained earnings, Debt, Bonds, Long term
loans, Short term advances from banks, public deposits & advances from customers and trade
creditors.
Concept of Time Value of Money, Compound Value, Present Value, Annuity and Perpetuity.

Unit 3: Investment Management: Basics & Process (15 hours)

An overview of investment- Investment process, Types of assets- real & financial.Types of
investors, types of financial securities & attributes of a good investment.

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Concept of Risk & Return (Single asset), risk-return trade off, types of risk- systematic &
unsystematic, types of return-holding period return, expected return, actual return.
Examining four broad asset classes: equity, bonds, mutual funds & derivatives.
Equity- three schools of thought on equity valuation- a brief discussion on fundamental
analysis, technical analysis and efficient market hypothesis.
Bonds- types, fundamentals, relationship between interest rates & bond prices& yield curve.
Mutual Funds– meaning, importance, structure, mutual fund schemes, Systematic Investment
Plan (SIP), Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP), Exchange Traded Fund (ETF), Equity Linked
Savings Scheme (ELSS) and NAV of Fund.
Derivatives – Meaning and Types of Derivative Instruments (Forwards, Futures, Options and
Swaps).
Concept of diversification & portfolios. Portfolio Risk &Return(two security only).

Unit 4: A Beginners’ Guide to International Finance (9hours)

International Monetary System- development of international finance and how the
international monetary system evolved. Currency exchange markets and rates- currency
exchange markets, exchange rate quotations, currency exchange rate appreciation and,
depreciation, factors that affect currency exchange rates and arbitrage. Conducting business
internationally. Concept of exchange rate risk.

Essential/recommended readings
1. Bodie, Zvi., Kane, Alex and Marcus, Alan J.. Investments. McGraw Hill.
2. Chandra, P.. Security Analysis and Portfolio Management. Tata McGraw Hill.
3. Pathak, Bharati. Indian Financial System. Pearson.
4. Ronald, W. Melicher and Norton, Edgar A.. Introduction to Finance: Financial
Markets, Investment, and Financial Management. Wiley Publishing House. 2012.
5. Rustagi, R.P., Fundamentals of Financial Management. Taxmann.
Suggestive readings
1. Khan, M. Y & Jain P. K., Financial Management: Text and Problems. Tata McGraw Hill.
New Delhi.
2. Kohn, Meir. Financial Institutions and Markets. Oxford University Press.
3. Kidwell, David S., Backwell, David W., Whidbee, David A. and Sias, Richard W.
Financial Institutions, Markets and Money. Wiley Publications.
4. Madura, Jeff. Financial Markets and Institutions. South Western Cengage Learning.
5. Reilly, Frank K, and Brown, Keith C. Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management.
Cengage Learning.
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

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 GENERIC ELECTIVES (GE-8): ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND
CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Code Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-requisite
Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Practice (if any)
Environmental 4 3 1 0 Class 12 None
Economics and
Climate Change
(GE-8)

Learning Objectives

This course aims at inculcating an understanding of:

• How economic activities are affecting the environment.
• Social value of environmental resources.
• Climate change and its consequences.
• Efficient and effective policy measures for protecting the environment.

Learning outcomes

By studying this course, students will be able to:

.· Understand the linkage between environment and economics.

· Learn the basic theories of environmental economics.
· Understand the basic terminologies related to environment and Climate change.
· Analyse the effects of climate change on India and its future plan for environmental
protection and mitigation.

SYLLABUS OF GE-8

UNIT – I: Introduction (8 hours)

Introduction to Environmental Economics, Material Balance model- economy environmental
interactions, reasons for environmental degradation (population, technology, GDP), balance
between environment and growth.

Unit 2: Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation (10 hours)

Theories of relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation: The
environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, The Brundtland Curve hypothesis, The
environment Daly Curve hypothesis.

Unit 3: Climate Change and its Challenges (15 hours)

Introduction to the Climate Change, Drivers of Climate Change, Global impacts of Climate
Change: Anthropogenic, Global warming, ozone hole, biodiversity loss, ecosystem services,
natural capital and resources. Effect of Climate Change on India: Agriculture, Biodiversity,
vulnerability of Coastal Belt, Rural Livelihoods and Food Security in India.

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Unit 4: Actions Taken and Policy Framework (12 hours)
Global Level: Adaptation and Mitigation, Governmental and Intergovernmental Actions to
Combat Climate Change: The Role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, The Kyoto Protocol, Paris
Agreement etc. The global carbon market (CDM, JI, ET).India's Position on International
Climate Negotiations, India's National Action Plan on Climate Change.

Essential/recommended readings

1. Callen,Thomas (2007). Environmental Economics, Thomson Learning Inc. Indian

Edition.
2. Dubash, Navroz (2012). Handbook of Climate Change and India: Development,
Politics and Governance, Earthscan
3. Bhattacharya, R. N. (ed.) (2001). Environmental Economics, An Indian
Perspective, Oxford University Press.

Suggestive readings

1. Romm, J.J. 2018. Climate change: What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford
University Press
2. Dash. S.K. 2008. Climate Change, Cambridge University Press
Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch,
University of Delhi, from time to time.

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