1. Which of the following is the primary site of photosynthesis in plant cells?
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Nucleus
(d) Ribosome
Answer: (b) Chloroplast. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the pigment that
captures light energy to drive photosynthesis.
2. The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is
called:
(a) Respiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Transpiration
(d) Fermentation
Answer: (b) Photosynthesis. Photosynthesis uses light energy to synthesize
glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
3. Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis?
(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Oxygen
(c) Water
(d) Glucose
Answer: (b) Oxygen. Oxygen is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct
of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
4. What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?
(a) To produce glucose
(b) To produce ATP
(c) To produce oxygen
(d) To produce carbon dioxide
Answer: (b) To produce ATP. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose to
release energy in the form of ATP.
5. Which of the following is NOT a requirement for photosynthesis?
(a) Sunlight
(b) Water
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Oxygen
Answer: (d) Oxygen. Oxygen is a product, not a requirement, of
photosynthesis.
6. Which of the following is a correct equation for cellular respiration?
(a) Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
(b) Carbon dioxide + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen
(c) Oxygen + Water -> Glucose + Carbon dioxide
(d) Glucose + Carbon dioxide -> Water + Oxygen
Answer: (a) Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy. This
equation represents the overall process of aerobic respiration.
7. What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
(a) It absorbs water
(b) It absorbs carbon dioxide
(c) It absorbs light energy
(d) It produces oxygen
Answer: (c) It absorbs light energy. Chlorophyll, a pigment in chloroplasts,
absorbs specific wavelengths of light to initiate photosynthesis.
8. Which of the following is a difference between photosynthesis and
respiration?
(a) Photosynthesis stores energy, while respiration releases it.
(b) Photosynthesis produces oxygen, while respiration consumes it.
(c) Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while respiration produces it.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above. Photosynthesis is an anabolic process that
stores energy, while respiration is a catabolic process that releases
energy. Photosynthesis produces oxygen and consumes carbon dioxide,
while respiration does the opposite.
9. In what part of the cell does cellular respiration mainly occur?
(a) Chloroplast
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Ribosome
Answer: (b) Mitochondria. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell and
are the primary site for cellular respiration.
10. What is the term for the process where plants release water vapor into the
atmosphere?
(a) Transpiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Respiration
(d) Fermentation
Answer: (a) Transpiration. Transpiration is the process of water movement
through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, like leaves.
