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E - 10 Linear Momentum SP

The document presents a series of physics problems related to linear momentum, including scenarios involving clay and a wooden block, a puck on a plank, a bullet passing through a block, and a golf ball struck by an iron. Each problem includes specific parameters and calculations for determining speed, work done by friction, and forces involved. Answers are provided for each problem, showcasing the application of momentum principles and energy conservation.

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23 views1 page

E - 10 Linear Momentum SP

The document presents a series of physics problems related to linear momentum, including scenarios involving clay and a wooden block, a puck on a plank, a bullet passing through a block, and a golf ball struck by an iron. Each problem includes specific parameters and calculations for determining speed, work done by friction, and forces involved. Answers are provided for each problem, showcasing the application of momentum principles and energy conservation.

Uploaded by

Alpha Pa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Exercises 10. Linear momentum.

Suggested problems

1. An 𝑚𝑚 = 12.0-g wad of sticky clay is hurled horizontally at an 𝑀𝑀 = 100-g wooden block initially at
rest on a horizontal surface. The clay sticks to the block. After impact, the block slides 𝑑𝑑 = 7.50 m
before coming to rest. If the coefficient of friction between the block and the surface 𝜇𝜇𝑘𝑘 = 0.650,
determine
(a) the speed of the clay immediately before impact;
(b) the increase in internal energy of the system.
𝑀𝑀+𝑚𝑚
Answer: (a) 𝑣𝑣 = �2𝜇𝜇𝑘𝑘 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 91.7 m/s
𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑀
(b) 𝑄𝑄 = (𝑀𝑀 + 𝑚𝑚)𝜇𝜇𝑘𝑘 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 44.6 J
𝑚𝑚

2. A small puck of mass 𝑚𝑚 slides down a smooth hill of height ℎ Figure 1


without initial velocity and gets onto a plank of mass 𝑀𝑀 lying
on the smotth horizontal plane at the base of the hill, as shown in Figure 1. Due to friction between
the puck and the plank the former slows down and from a certain moment moves in one piece with
the plank. Find the total work performed by the friction force in this process.
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Answer: 𝑊𝑊 = − 𝑔𝑔ℎ
𝑚𝑚+𝑀𝑀

3. An 𝑚𝑚 = 5.00-g bullet moving with an initial speed of 𝑣𝑣 = 400 m/s is fired into and passes through
an 𝑀𝑀 = 1.00 kg block. The block, initially at rest on a frictionless, horizontal surface, is connected to
a spring with force constant 𝑘𝑘 = 900 N/m. The other end of the spring is fixed on the wall. The block
moves 𝑑𝑑 = 5.00 cm to the right after impact before being brought to rest by the spring.
(a) Find the speed at which the bullet emerges from the block.
(b) Find the amount of initial kinetic energy of the bullet that is converted into internal energy
in the bullet– block system during the collision.
𝑑𝑑
Answer: (a) 𝑣𝑣 ′ = 𝑣𝑣 − √𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 = 100 m s-1
𝑚𝑚
𝑘𝑘𝑑𝑑2 𝑀𝑀
(a) 𝑄𝑄 = 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣√𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 − � + 1� = 374 J
2 𝑚𝑚

4. You strike a golf ball with a driving iron. Estimate the magnitude of the average force exerted by the
iron on the ball. The ball has a mass 𝑚𝑚 = 45 g and a radius 𝑟𝑟 = 2.0 cm. The distance to a hole 𝑑𝑑 =
190 m, and the ball leaves the ground at an angle 𝜃𝜃 = 13° above the horizontal. Assume that the
displacement during the collision is equal to the radius of the ball.
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Answer: 〈𝐹𝐹〉 ≅ = 4.8 kN
2𝑟𝑟 sin 2𝜃𝜃

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