International General Certificate of Secondary Education

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Geography 0460

February 2025

1 hour 40 marks
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INSTRUCTIONS

• Read each question carefully before answering.

• Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
• Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid
• Review your answers before submitting your test.
• ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS DON’T LEAVE BLANK SPACES!

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 40.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
1.

a) Many people think that the number of volcanic eruptions is increasing. To what extent
is this true? You should use statistics from Fig. 4.1 in your answer.
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 b) State four reasons why many people live near volcanoes.

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iii. ....................................................................................................................................
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2. Study Fig. 3.2, which is a map showing information about earthquakes which caused more
than 10 000 deaths in different parts of the world (1900-2011).

Fig. 3.2
 (i) The distribution of earthquakes is uneven. Describe the distribution of the
areas where earthquakes caused more than 10 000 deaths between 1900 and 2011.
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(ii) Explain why the distribution of the areas where large numbers of deaths have
been caused by earthquakes is uneven.
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3. The Tōhoku earthquake measured 9.0 on the Richter scale and resulted in over 20 000
deaths. Suggest two ways that the earthquake resulted in the death of people.

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a) It is possible to reduce the impacts of earthquakes by constructing buildings that are

able to withstand strong ground movements.
 Fig. 4.2 shows some of the features that can be used in these buildings.

sunk into bedrock

Fig. 4.2

Select two features from Fig. 4.2 and suggest how each one may reduce the impacts of
earthquakes.
feature 1 selected: ..............................................................................
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feature 2 selected: ..............................................................................
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4. Study Fig. 5.3, which shows the processes of the hydrological cycle.

(a) Name the processes A–D shown in Fig. 5.3.

A ..........................................................................................

B ..........................................................................................

C ..........................................................................................

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 b) The processes of evapotranspiration and groundwater flow are labelled in Fig. 5.3.
Describe each of these processes.
evapotranspiration
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groundwater flow
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[4]
5. River channels are affected by different erosion processes. [4]

Match each of the statements to the correct erosion process.

Erosion process Statement

A occurs when some types of rock are dissolved in the
1 Hydraulic action river
B occurs when material carried by the river knocks into
2 Abrasion other pieces of load
C occurs when the force of the water hits the bed and
3 Attrition banks
D occurs when the load carried by the river hits the bed
4 Solution and banks

1 2 3 4

b) Define percolation and precipitation

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6. Draw a river sketch and label the following features: [4]
a) Tributaries
b) Distributaries