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Exploration Network Chapter2

The document outlines the fundamentals of network communication, including the structure of networks, the role of protocols, and the importance of addressing and naming schemes. It describes the TCP/IP and OSI models, emphasizing the benefits of a layered approach to network functionality. Additionally, it defines various network types such as LANs and WANs, and discusses the components and media involved in data transmission.

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mrgeetesh
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19 views31 pages

Exploration Network Chapter2

The document outlines the fundamentals of network communication, including the structure of networks, the role of protocols, and the importance of addressing and naming schemes. It describes the TCP/IP and OSI models, emphasizing the benefits of a layered approach to network functionality. Additionally, it defines various network types such as LANs and WANs, and discusses the components and media involved in data transmission.

Uploaded by

mrgeetesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Communicating over the

Network

Network Fundamentals – Chapter 2

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1


Objectives
 Describe the structure of a network, including the
devices and media that are necessary for successful
communications.
 Explain the function of protocols in network
communications.
 Explain the advantages of using a layered model to
describe network functionality.
 Describe the role of each layer in two recognized
network models: The TCP/IP model and the OSI
model.
 Describe the importance of addressing and naming
schemes in network communications.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
Network Structure
 Define the elements of communication
–3 common elements of communication
• message source
• the channel
• message destination

 Define a network
data or information networks capable of carrying many different
types of communications
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3
Network Structure
 Describe how messages are communicated
Data is sent across a network in small “chunks” called
segments

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4


Network Structure
 Define the components of a network
–Network components
• hardware
• software

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5


Network Structure
 End Devices and their Role in the Network
–End devices form interface with human network &
communications network
–Role of end devices:
• client
• server
• both client and server

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6


Network Structure
 Identify the role of an intermediary device in a data
network and be able to contrast that role with the role of
an end device
–Role of an intermediary device
• provides connectivity and ensures data flows
across network

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7


Network Structure
 Define network media and criteria for making a network
media choice
Network media
this is the channel over which a message travels

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8


Network Types
 Define Local Area Networks (LANs)
- A network serving a home, building or campus is considered a
Local Area Network (LAN)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9


Network Types
 Define Wide Area Networks (WANs)
- LANs separated by geographic distance are connected by a
network known as a Wide Area Network (WAN)

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10


Network Types
 Define the Internet
The internet is defined as a
global mesh of interconnected networks

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11


Network Types
 Describe network representations

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12


Function of Protocol in Network
Communication
 The importance of protocols and how they are used to
facilitate communication over data networks
A protocol is a set of predetermined rules

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13


Function of Protocol in Network
Communication
 Explain network protocols
Network protocols are used
to allow devices to
communicate
successfully

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14


Function of Protocol in Network
Communication
 Describe Protocol suites and industry standards

A standard is
a process or protocol that has been endorsed by the
networking industry and ratified by a standards organization

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15


Function of Protocol in Network
Communication
 Define different protocols and how they interact

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16


Function of Protocol in Network
Communication
 Technology independent Protocols
-Many diverse types of devices can communicate using the
same sets of protocols. This is because protocols specify
network functionality, not the underlying technology to support
this functionality.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17


Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Explain the benefits of using a layered model
–Benefits include
• assists in protocol design
• fosters competition
• changes in one layer do not affect other layers
• provides a common language

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18


Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Describe TCP/IP Mode

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19


Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Describe the Communication Process

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20


Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Explain protocol data units (PDU) and encapsulation

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21


Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Describe the process of sending and receiving
messages

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22


Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Explain protocol and
reference models
A protocol model
provides a model that
closely matches the
structure of a particular
protocol suite.

A reference model
provides a common
reference for
maintaining
consistency within all
types of network
protocols and services.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23
Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Define OSI

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24


Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model
 Compare OSI and TCP/IP model

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25


Addressing and Naming Schemes
 Explain how labels in encapsulation headers are used
to manage communication in data networks

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26


Addressing and Naming Schemes
 Describe examples of Ethernet MAC Addresses, IP
Addresses, and TCP/UDP Port numbers

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27


Addressing and Naming Schemes
 Explain how labels in encapsulation headers are used
to manage communication in data networks

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28


Addressing and Naming Schemes
 Describe how information in the encapsulation header
is used to identify the source and destination processes
for data communication

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29


Summary

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30


© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31

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