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Gregor Mendel

Gregor Mendel, known as the 'father of genetics', conducted pioneering experiments on inheritance in pea plants, discovering the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment. Born in 1822 in Austria, he pursued education in philosophy, physics, and botany, and conducted his research in a monastery garden. Although initially unrecognized, his work laid the foundation for modern genetics and was rediscovered in the early 20th century.

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63 views2 pages

Gregor Mendel

Gregor Mendel, known as the 'father of genetics', conducted pioneering experiments on inheritance in pea plants, discovering the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment. Born in 1822 in Austria, he pursued education in philosophy, physics, and botany, and conducted his research in a monastery garden. Although initially unrecognized, his work laid the foundation for modern genetics and was rediscovered in the early 20th century.

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gabrielhermoso58
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Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk, is widely recognized as the "father of

genetics" due to his groundbreaking work on inheritance in pea


plants. Through meticulous experiments, he discovered fundamental
principles of heredity, including the law of segregation and the law of
independent assortment. His work, though initially unappreciated, laid the
mathematical foundation for the science of genetics.

Early Life and Education:


 Born Johann Mendel on July 20, 1822, in Heinzendorf, Austria (now Hynčice, Czech
Republic), to a farming family.
 His early life was marked by a love for nature and a strong interest in science.
 He attended a local school and later the University of Olomouc, where he studied
philosophy and physics.
 Due to financial difficulties, he was encouraged to join the Augustinian monastery of St.
Thomas in Brno, where he took the name Gregor.
Monastic Life and Scientific Pursuits:
 Mendel joined the monastery in 1843 and continued his education at the University of
Vienna, where he studied mathematics and botany.
 He taught natural science at a technical school in Brno.
 Mendel conducted his famous pea plant experiments in the monastery garden,
meticulously tracking the inheritance of traits like flower color, seed shape, and plant
height.
 He carefully bred thousands of pea plants, observing the patterns of inheritance in
successive generations.
Key Discoveries:
 Law of Segregation:
Mendel discovered that each trait is determined by two factors (alleles) inherited from
each parent, and these factors separate during the formation of sex cells (sperm and
eggs).
 Law of Independent Assortment:
He found that the inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of another,
provided the genes are on different chromosomes.
Impact and Recognition:
 Mendel published his findings in 1866, but his work was largely overlooked by the
scientific community at the time.
 His work was rediscovered in the early 20th century, leading to the establishment of
genetics as a formal field of study.
 Today, Mendel's laws form the cornerstone of modern genetics, and he is revered as
the "father of genetics".

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