Physical Education Notes Class 11th

Unit 1: Changing Trends and Careers in Physical Education

Meaning and definition of Physical Education Aims & Objectives of Physical Education

MEANING OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Physical Education is a combination of two separate words, physical and education. The first word is
physical which means related to body or related to any one or all of the bodily characteristics, that
include physical strength, physical endurance, physical fitness, physical appearance and physical health.
And, the second word is education which means preparation for life or systematic instruction and
training.

When we look at the combined meaning of these two words, we can understand that physical education
is a systematic training of an individual by using his/her own body to achieve the objectives of developing
and maintaining the body, developing motor skills, physical abilities, making a habit of living a healthy
lifestyle, developing the ability to control emotions for a fuller living.

DEFINITION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Physical Education is the sum of those experiences which come to the individual through movement.
Delbert Oberteuffer

Physical Education is the sum of man’s physical activities selected as to kind, and conducted as to
outcomes. –Jesse Feiring Williams

Physical Education is that phase of the whole field of education that deals with the big muscle activities.
and their related responses. –Jay B. Nash

Aim and Objectives of Physical Education:

Aim is the ultimate one, i.e., all-round development of an individual.

means and ways we adopt to achieve our aim are called objectives and those

are:

Physical development Mental development

Social development Emotional development

Spiritual development

Objectives of Physical Education:

1. Developed Healthy and Active Life Style: The chief objective of Physical Education is to make individuals
aware of and appreciate the value of Physical Education and its contribution to a healthy and active life
style.

Develop interest in the discipline: The focus of a well-designed Physical Education plan should be to
encourage a high level of interest and personal engagement in Physical Education showing initiative,
enthusiasm and commitment towards the same.
 3. Achieve Optimum Physical Fitness and Health: Physical Education Programmes should aim to develop
an individual’s physical fitness and to make her/him work to her/his optimal level of physical capacity. It
also aims to develop healthy habits of sleep, exercise, food etc. for optimum health.

4. Awareness of Movement: The Physical Education Programme should make the individual realise that
movement is a creative medium for communication, expression and aesthetic appreciation. Proficiency in
Fundamental movement skills through Physical Education support the development of more specific.
skills such as dance.

5. Development of Organ Systems: The objective of the Physical Education Programme is to develop all organ
systems such as respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, nervous system, and muscular
system. This leads to increased physical efficiency and capacity.

6. Neuro-muscular Coordination: The Physical Education Programme should be planned in such a

manner that it helps in maintaining a better relationship between the nervous system and the muscular
This helps in developing control and balance among different body parts.

Importance of Physical Education

1. Improves Physical Fitness: Regular physical activity contributes immensely to students' overall health.
physical fitness and wellbeing through development of muscular strength and improvement of
cardiovascular health.
2. Develops Skill: Regular participation in the Physical Education Programme is essential to the
development of motor skills and the enhancement of reflexes.

3. Encourages Physical Growth and Development: For proper growth and development it is important
all our organs and systems function optimally. Regular participation in physical activity leads to an
improvement in the absorption of nutrients by the body, thereby improving digestive processes and
increasing physiological processes.

4. Enhances Intellectual Development: On the sports field, one has to make quick and smart decisions.
decisions, at times instantaneously. Participation in physical activity and sports helps us reach that level
of intelligence where problem-solving becomes part of nature.

5. Leads to Emotional Control and Development: While participating in sports and games, different
situations arise where participants learn the art of controlling their emotions and overcoming negative
emotions like anger and frustration.

6. Promotes Social Adjustment: Physical activities such as games and sports provide ample opportunities
for interaction between fellow participants and others which enable participants to learn social qualities
and values like sportsmanship, cooperation, honesty, friendship, fellowship, courtesy, self-discipline, and
respect for authority which promote social adjustment.

7. Facilitates Personal Adjustment: Physical Education provides a worthwhile experience for self-
expression in varied situations, which facilitates personal adjustment in society. Students involved in
Sports show higher self-esteem and are more socially competent and less shy and withdrawn.

8. Enhances Neuro-muscular Development: Physical activities lead to neuromuscular coordination.

especially if various types of skills and exercises are carried out repeatedly over a long period of time. For
Carrying out a task accurately or learning a skill requires good neuromuscular control.

CAREER OPTIONS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. Diploma in Physical Education ([Link].): This course prepares Physical Education Teachers for the
elementary stage of school education i.e. for Classes I to VIII.
2. Bachelor of Physical Education ([Link]): This course is designed for preparing teachers of Physical
Education for teaching theory papers in Classes VI to X and conducting Physical Education and Sports
Activities for Classes XI-XII.

3. Master of Physical Education ([Link].): It is meant for preparing Physical Education Teachers for Senior
Secondary classes (i.e. XI-XII) as well as Assistant Professors/ Directors/ Sports Officers in
Colleges/Universities and Teacher Educators in Colleges of Physical Education and University
Departments of Physical Education.

A few career options are listed below:

Physical Education Teacher

Health Education Teacher

Sports Coordinator

Professional Coach

Outdoor and Adventure Sports Educators

Sports Administrator

Event Manager of a Sports Club

Health and Fitness Club Manager

Sports Clothing & Equipment Designer

Dietician and Nutritionist

Yoga Trainer

Physical Therapist

Khelo India Program

Introduction

The importance of sports and fitness in one’s life is invaluable. Playing sports

inculcates team spirit, develops strategic and analytical thinking, leadership skills, goal setting and risk
A fit and healthy individual leads to an equally healthy

society and strong nation.

The Khelo India Program has been introduced to revive the sports culture in

India at the grass-root level by building a strong framework for all sports played in

our country and establish India as a great sporting nation.

History

On 31st January, 2018 the Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated Khelo India.

School games at the opening ceremony based on the Guru-Shishya tradition held at Indira

Gandhi Stadium, New Delhi.

Selection Criteria

Only selected school kids below the age of 17 years are eligible to compete in the

individual sports. Top 8 sports persons from the school games federation of India

National School Games. 4 nominations from federation, one from Central Board of

Secondary Education, one from the host state and one from the organising committee

will be selected. For Archery, Badminton and Shooting, the top 16 from the National

School Games, 8 nominations by the federation, one from CBSE, one from host

slate, one from the organising committee, and 6 from wild cards will be selected.

To accomplish the above objectives, the Khelo India Program has been divided

into 12 verticals, namely-

Kheio India Program

Play field development

Community coaching development

(iii) State level Khelo India centers

Annual Sports Competitions

(v) Talent search and development program

Utilization and Creation/Upgradation of Sports Infrastructure

Support to National/Regional/State Sports Academics

Physical fitness of school children

Sports for Women

Promotion of Spoils among people with disabilities

Sports for peace and development

(xii) Promotion of rural and indigenous/tribal games

Talented players identified in priority sports disciplines at various levels by the

high powered committee will be provided annual financial assistance of "INR 5

One lakh per annum for 8 years.

Khelo India school games, which are a part of the Khelo India Program, are

First being held from January 31 to February 8, 2018, in New Delhi. Under-17

athletics have been invited to participate across 16 disciplines, which are as follows:

(i) Archery (ii) Athletics (iii) Badminton

(iv) Basketball (v) Boxing (vi) Football

(vii) Gymnastics (viii) Hockey (ix) Judo

(x) Kabaddi (xi) Kho-Kho (xii) Shooting

(xiii) Swimming (xiv) Volleyball (xv) Weightlifting

Wrestling

Khelo India Program meaning play India youth games, held annually in January or

February hosts the national level, multidisciplinary grassroots games held in India.

for under-17 years school students. Every year the best 1000 students will be given an

annual scholarship of INR 500,000 for 8 years to prepare them for the international

sporting events.

First event – 2018

Occur every – Annually

Last event – 2019

Headquarters – New Delhi

Purpose – Grassroot level talent hunt

In the First Khelo India games, the small state of Haryana won 102 medals, including 38.

gold, 26 silver and 38 bronze) which is considered a sports powerhouse was the top

team in 2018, followed by Maharashtra (111 medals including 36 gold) and Delhi

(94 medals including 25 gold).

58***-+9

Development of Physical Education - Post Independence

After independence in 1947, the Government of India took various measures for the development of Physical
Education. Various organizations were established and steps were taken to improve the condition of Physical Education.
In 1948, National Credit Corps (NCC) and Auxiliary Credit Corps (ACC) at school and college levels were
introduced.
The Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and Recreation (CABPER): This committee was set up in 1950
by Government of India. The Board advised the government on various issues for the development of Physical
Education in India.

Various recommendations made by the Board:

Development training of leaders in Physical Education

Institution of Scholarship for research in Physical Education
Conduct of National Physical Efficiency Drive
Conducting seminar on Physical Education
Providing financial assistance to the colleges of Physical Education
Providing directions to the state governments for affecting the organization of Physical Education in their
respective states.