Words/

Phrases/ Meaning in
A department or place
No. Idioms Pronunciation Vietnamese Meaning in English
where lost items are kept
Phòng đồ thất until they can
To return a lost beitem
returned
to an
1 Lost Property
Hand (lost /lɒst ˈprɒpəti/ lạc to
Giao (đồ thất officialtheir owners.
or a lost property
To move something by
2 items) in (on /hænd
Pull along ɪn/ ɒn lạc)
/pʊl əˈlɒŋ Kéo nộp lại
đi (có department.
pulling it, typically when it
3 wheels) wiːlz/ bánh
Bộ giống hệt has
xe) A setwheels.
of items that are
4 Identical set /aɪˈdentɪkl̩ set/ nhau exactly
Stored alike. on a
To go indigitally
a particular
5 Saved on /seɪvd ɒn/ Được lưu trên device
Đi về phía, direction ororplatform. a
Không buồn To supposetowards that
6 Head to /hed tuː/ hướng
Đoán, về
cho particular
something place.
is true, without
làm gì, không
7 Presume
Couldn't be /prɪˈzjuːm/
/ˈkʊdnt biː rằng
muốn phiền proof.
To not wantofto"handmakein"; the
Past tense
8 bothered ˈbɒðəd/ phức effort
returnedto do something.
something to an
To find the exact place or
9 Handed it in /ˈhændɪd ɪt ɪn/ Đã nộp/giao lại official or authority.
Xác định vị trí, position of something or
10 Locate /ˈləʊkeɪt/ tìm thấy someone.
The general appearance
11 Hang on /hæŋ ɒn/ Chờ một chút ThingsTo
of await such a as
for the
place;
food,
short time.
natural
medicines,
Something fuel,
that etc., that
is
12 Scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ Phong
Đồ dùng,cảnhvật features
are needed of aby landscape.
a groupor of
enjoyable, interesting,
13 Supplies /səˈplaɪz/
Well worth a /wel wɜːθ ə tư
Rất đáng để people.
useful to see or
14 visit ˈvɪzɪt/ Cuốithăm
ghé cùng Used to say that the last
/reɪndʒ ɒv Nhiều
nhưngloại
khôngxe experience.
A variety
person orofthingdifferent
to betypes
15 Range
Last butofnot
bikes baɪks/
/lɑːst bʌt nɒt đạp
kém phần or models of
mentioned is bicycles.
as important
16 least liːst/ quan trọng A
as simple
the structure
An areaothers.
providing orprotection
place where for a
17 Parking
Overnightlot /ˈpɑːkɪŋ
/ˌəʊvənaɪt lɒt/ Bãi đỗ xe cars
Chỗ trú ẩn qua short can be
period, parked.
typically
An area covered with for
a lot
18 shelter
Densely ˈʃeltə/
/ˈdensli đêm
Khu vực rừng one of night.
trees growing close
Confused about where
19 forested area ˈfɒrɪstɪd ˈeəriə/ rậm rạp
Mất phương together.
you are or which way to
20 Disoriented
Stunning /dɪsˈɔːriəntɪd/
/ˈstʌnɪŋ hướng
Phong cảnh go.
Extremely beautiful views
21 scenery ˈsiːnəri/ tuyệt đẹp of the natural world.
The degree of physical
/ˈlevl ɒv health and strength a
22 Level of fitness ˈfɪtnəs/ Mức độ thể lực person has.

To remember a piece of
information when you are
/beər ɪn making a decision or
23 Bear in mind maɪnd/ Ghi nhớ, lưu ý thinking about a matter.

Cloud When clouds move down

suddenly /klaʊd ˈsʌdnli Mây đột ngột quickly, often reducing
24 descends dɪˈsendz/ giáng xuống visibility significantly.
Wander off the /ˈwɒndər ɒf ðə To stray from the
25 track træk/ Đi lạc đường intended path or route.

Looks /lʊks Trông có vẻ Appears likely to be good

26 promising ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/ hứa hẹn or successful.

Comparatively /kəmˈpærətɪvli Small when compared to

27 small smɔːl/ Tương đối nhỏ others of its kind.
/ɪkˈspænd To grow or extend into a
28 Expand into ˈɪntuː/ Mở rộng sang new area or market.
 Trải qua một To experience a process
Go through a /ɡəʊ θruː ə giai đoạn of change from one state
29 transition trænˈzɪʃn̩ / chuyển đổi or condition to another.

Bỏ qua, quên To fail to notice or

30 Overlooked /ˌəʊvəˈlʊkt/ mất consider something.

/tɔːk hɪm Thuyết phục To persuade someone to

31 Talk him into ˈɪntuː/ anh ấy làm gì do something.
Over a long period of
32 In the long run /ɪn ðə lɒŋ rʌn/ Về lâu dài time; eventually.
To teach a skill or
Passed this /pɑːst ðɪs skɪl Truyền lại kỹ knowledge to another
33 skill on ɒn/ năng này person.

Competitive /kəmˈpetətɪv Lợi thế cạnh An advantage over

34 edge edʒ/ tranh competitors.

The part of the market

Phân khúc thị that deals with more
Higher end of /ˈhaɪər end ɒv trường cao expensive and higher
35 the market ðə ˈmɑːkɪt/ cấp quality goods or services.
Giving a lot of attention to
36 Focused on /ˈfəʊkəst ɒn/ Tập trung vào one particular thing.

Gave special importance

37 Emphasised /ˈemfəsaɪzd/ Nhấn mạnh or attention to something.
To be very noticeable or
38 Stand out /stænd aʊt/ Nổi bật different from others.
Only the most basic or
essential information,
Sự thật trần without any additional
39 Bare facts /beər fækts/ trụi details or interpretation.
Careful with
your /ˈkeəfʊl wɪð jɔː Cẩn thận trong To be meticulous and
40 referencing ˈrefrənsɪŋ/ việc trích dẫn accurate in citing sources.
To read something again,
typically to check for
Re-read my /riː-riːd maɪ Đọc lại bài làm errors or to understand it
41 work wɜːk/ của mình better.
Haven't given Have not considered
it much /ˈhævnt ˈɡɪvn̩ Chưa suy nghĩ something deeply or for a
42 thought ɪt mʌtʃ θɔːt/ nhiều về nó long time.
Appropriate or right for a
/ˈsuːtəbl tuː Thích hợp để particular purpose or
43 Suitable to use juːz/ sử dụng occasion.
 Spent a /spent ə kən Dành một
considerable ˈsɪdərəbl pɑːt phần đáng kể Used a large amount of
44 part of the time ɒv ðə taɪm/ thời gian time.
Concentrate /ˈkɒnsəntreɪt
rather too ˈrɑːðə tuː mʌtʃ Tập trung hơi To give excessive
45 much on ɒn/ quá nhiều vào attention to something.
To get money to start or
Raise the /reɪz ðə support a business or
46 capital ˈkæpɪtl̩ / Huy động vốn project.
The number of people
Customer /ˈkʌstəmər Cơ sở khách who buy a company's
base growing beɪs ˈɡrəʊɪŋ hàng ngày products or services
47 much wider mʌtʃ ˈwaɪdə/ càng mở rộng increasing significantly.
Thúc đẩy sự
Prompted this /ˈprɒmptɪd ðɪs tăng trưởng Caused or brought about
48 growth ɡrəʊθ/ này this increase.

Take on more /teɪk ɒn mɔː Thuê thêm thợ To employ more skilled
49 craftsmen ˈkrɑːftsmən/ thủ công workers.
Set up two To establish or build two
new /set ʌp tuː njuː Thành lập hai new large buildings for
50 warehouses ˈweəhaʊzɪz/ kho hàng mới storing goods.
Mời một
Called in a /kɔːld ɪn ə kən chuyên gia tư To ask a professional
51 consultant ˈsʌltənt/ vấn đến expert for advice or help.

The basic systems and

structures (e.g., roads,
Infrastructure power supplies, or in a
was /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃər Cơ sở hạ tầng company, their internal
completely wəz kəmˈpliːtli đã hoàn toàn systems) were old and no
52 outdated aʊtˈdeɪtɪd/ lỗi thời longer efficient.

Cut To reduce the expenses

operational /kʌt ˌɒpə Cắt giảm chi involved in running a
53 costs ˈreɪʃənl kɒsts/ phí vận hành business or process.

/tɜːnd ðə deɪ-
Turned the tə-deɪ ˈrʌnɪŋ Chuyển giao
day-to-day ɒv ðə việc điều hành
running of the ˈkʌmpəni công ty hàng Gave control of the daily
company over ˈəʊvər tuː hɪz ngày cho con operations of the
54 to his son sʌn/ trai mình company to his son.
Convinced his father to
Persuaded his /pəˈsweɪdɪd Thuyết phục stop doing something and
father to move hɪz ˈfɑːðər tuː bố anh ấy từ start doing something
55 on from muːv ɒn frɒm/ bỏ new.
/ˈnævɪɡeɪt
Navigate their ðeər weɪ ə To find their way through
way around ˈraʊnd ðə Điều hướng a website to get to the
56 the website ˈwebsaɪt/ trên trang web information they need.
To stop trying to do
57 Giving up /ˈɡɪvɪŋ ʌp/ Bỏ cuộc something.
 An uninterrupted increase
Tăng trưởng in the amount of money a
Continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs doanh thu liên company receives from
three-year rise θriː-jɪər raɪz ɪn tục trong ba its business over three
58 in revenue ˈrevənuː/ năm years.
The final sections of a
piece of writing that
summarize the main
Concluding /kənˈkluːdɪŋ Các đoạn kết points and bring the
59 paragraphs ˈpærəɡrɑːfs/ luận discussion to a close.

To make widely known

the principles or
standards of behavior
Publicise their /ˈpʌblɪsaɪz Công khai các that a company believes
60 values ðeər ˈvæljuːz/ giá trị của họ are important.
The movement of time
Passage of /ˈpæsɪdʒ ɒv Sự trôi qua from the past to the
61 time taɪm/ của thời gian future.
/ˈpræktɪkl̩ Usefulness or worth in a
62 Practical value ˈvæljuː/ Giá trị thực tế real-world context.

Vital /ˈvaɪtl̩ ˌɪnfə Thông tin quan Essential or extremely

63 information ˈmeɪʃn̩ / trọng, thiết yếu important facts or details.

Easily /ˈiːzɪli əb Dễ dàng có Readily available or

64 obtainable ˈteɪnəbl̩ / được acquired.
Objects discovered by
Excavated /ˈekskəveɪtɪd Hiện vật được digging, often from
65 artefacts ˈɑːtɪfækts/ khai quật ancient civilizations.

Simple drawings of
Hình người people consisting of a line
66 Stick figures /stɪk ˈfɪɡəz/ que for the body and limbs.

Nổi bật, dễ Important, noticeable, or

67 Prominent /ˈprɒmɪnənt/ thấy standing out.
Represented or shown in
Được mô tả, a drawing, painting, or
68 Depicted /dɪˈpɪktɪd/ miêu tả other art form.
From the side, showing
only one side of the face
69 In profile /ɪn ˈprəʊfaɪl/ Nhìn nghiêng or object.

Come up with /kʌm ʌp wɪð ə Đưa ra một lý To produce a new idea or

70 a new theory njuː ˈθɪəri/ thuyết mới explanation.

Developed gradually,
especially from a simple
71 Evolved /ɪˈvɒlvd/ Tiến hóa to a more complex form.
 Essential for /ɪˈsenʃl̩ fɔː sə Thiết yếu cho Absolutely necessary for
72 survival ˈvaɪvl̩/ sự sống còn continuing to live.
Constant /ˈkɒnstənt Nguy hiểm Continuous or never-
73 danger ˈdeɪndʒər/ thường trực ending threat.
Reasons related to
Spiritual and /ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl ənd people's beliefs and
social ˈsəʊʃl̩ Mục đích tâm connection with others in
74 purposes ˈpɜːpəsɪz/ linh và xã hội a community.

Looked for Tìm kiếm đồng Sought out groups or

75 allies /lʊkt fɔː ˈælaɪz/ minh people to join forces with.

Kéo dài, trải To extend across a period

76 Span /spæn/ dài of time.

Thực hành loại Actively creating or

Practising this /ˈpræktɪsɪŋ ðɪs hình nghệ engaging in this type of
77 art form ɑːt fɔːm/ thuật này art.

Point to the /pɔɪnt tuː ðə Indicate or suggest an

contact ˈkɒntækt bɪ Chỉ ra sự tiếp interaction or connection
78 between them ˈtwiːn ðem/ xúc giữa họ between two groups.
Not native or belonging
Alien to the /ˈeɪliən tuː ðə Lạ lẫm với naturally to a particular
79 landscape ˈlændskeɪp/ cảnh quan environment.
A large proportion of the
Phần lớn tác art is disappearing or
Much of the art /mʌtʃ ɒv ðə ɑːt phẩm nghệ being destroyed,
is being lost to ɪz biːɪŋ lɒst tuː thuật đang bị becoming unavailable for
80 us ʌs/ mất đi study or enjoyment.
The process by which the
surface of the earth is
worn away by the action
of water, winds, waves,
81 Erosion /ɪˈrəʊʒn̩ / Xói mòn etc.

Disappeared /dɪsəˈpɪəd fɔː Biến mất vĩnh Disappeared

82 for good ɡʊd/ viễn permanently.
The crime of intentionally
damaging property
Phá hoại của belonging to other
83 Vandalism /ˈvændəlɪzəm/ công people.

Ổn định cuộc To become comfortable in

84 Settle in /ˈsetl̩ ɪn/ sống a new place or situation.
To produce a hard copy
of digital documents or
85 Print stuff off /prɪnt stʌf ɒf/ In tài liệu information.

Moving him to a different

Transferring /trænsˈfɜːrɪŋ Chuyển công location or branch within
86 him to hɪm tuː/ tác anh ấy đến the same company.
 To write down or
Make a note of /meɪk ə nəʊt Ghi chú lại remember something
87 that ɒv ðæt/ điều đó important.
To pay for a place to
Pay for /peɪ fɔː Trả tiền lưu keep items when they are
88 storage ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/ kho not in use.

Large household
Thiết bị gia electrical appliances such
dụng lớn (màu as washing machines,
89 Whiteware /ˈwaɪtweər/ trắng) refrigerators, etc.

90 Fairly close to /ˈfeəli kləʊs tuː/ Khá gần Quite near to.
Pretty
comprehensiv /ˈprɪti ˌkɒmprɪ Khá đầy đủ, The bus service is pretty
91 e ˈhensɪv/ toàn diện comprehensive...
To get extra sleep
Catch up on /kætʃ ʌp ɒn because you have not
92 sleep sliːp/ Ngủ bù had enough recently.

/kəmˈpaɪl ə Lập một danh To produce a list by

93 Compile a list lɪst/ sách assembling information.
Advised or directed us to
Pointed us in /ˈpɔɪntɪd ʌs ɪn Chỉ cho chúng a particular place or
94 the direction of ðə dɪˈrekʃn ɒv/ tôi hướng đến source of information.
Thật tốt khi
Good to be /ɡʊd tuː biː được giới It's positive to receive a
95 recommended ˌrekəˈmendɪd/ thiệu referral or endorsement.

A scientist who studies

Palaeontologis /ˌpæliɒn Nhà cổ sinh fossils to learn about the
96 t ˈtɒlədʒɪst/ vật học history of life on Earth.
A required course or
Compulsory /kəmˈpʌlsəri Đơn vị bắt module within a degree
97 unit ˈjuːnɪt/ buộc program.
/ɪkˈstɪŋkt Động vật tuyệt Animals that no longer
98 Extinct animals ˈænɪməlz/ chủng exist.
All fossils discovered and
Hồ sơ hóa the information derived
99 Fossil record /ˈfɒsl ˈrɛkɔːrd/ thạch from them.
Dễ dàng
Easy going (không phải Relaxed in attitude; not
(not all easy lúc nào cũng always simple or without
100 going) /ˈiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ dễ dàng) challenge.
Địa điểm hóa
Outback fossil /ˈaʊtbæk ˈfɒsl thạch vùng Remote area where
101 site saɪt/ hẻo lánh fossils are found.

Having lost determination

102 Disheartened /dɪsˈhɑːtnd/ Nản lòng or confidence.
Ground or channel in
which a river flows or
103 Riverbed /ˈrɪvəbɛd/ Lòng sông used to flow.
 Area of /ˈeəriə əv Lĩnh vực A specific field of skill or
104 expertise ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/ chuyên môn knowledge.

Deduce from /dɪˈdjuːs frɒm Suy ra từ điều To conclude by reasoning

105 this ðɪs/ này from evidence.

Awarded a /əˈwɔːdɪd ə Được trao một Received funding for a

106 grant ɡrɑːnt/ khoản tài trợ specific purpose.

Excavate new /ˈɛkskəveɪt njuː Khai quật các To dig new sites to
107 areas ˈeəriəz/ khu vực mới uncover remains.

Housed in /haʊzd ɪn mjuː Được lưu giữ Stored or kept in

108 museums ˈzɪəmz/ trong bảo tàng museums.

109 Mega-fauna /ˈmɛɡə ˈfɔːnə/ Động vật lớn Large or giant animals.
Deteriorated /dɪˈtɪəriəreɪtɪd Suy giảm
110 rapidly ˈræpɪdli/ nhanh chóng Got worse very quickly.
Prematurely /ˌprɛmətʃʊəli Cơ thể già A body showing signs of
111 old body əʊld ˈbɒdi/ trước tuổi aging too early.
Điều hướng
/ˈnævɪɡeɪt bằng cách sử To find the way by a
112 Navigate using ˈjuːzɪŋ/ dụng method or tool.
/mæɡˈnɛtɪk Trường từ Area where magnetic
113 Magnetic field fiːld/ trường force is active.
Thực phẩm Basic and routinely eaten
114 Staple foods /ˈsteɪpl fuːdz/ chủ yếu foods.

Thay đổi chế

Altered /ˈɔːltəd ˈpiːplz độ ăn uống Changed what people
115 people's diet ˈdaɪət/ của mọi người commonly eat.
/ˈhʌmbl pə Củ khoai tây Referring to the potato
116 Humble potato ˈteɪtəʊ/ khiêm tốn modestly.
Thất bại mùa
Widespread /ˈwaɪdsprɛd pə màng khoai
potato crop ˈteɪtəʊ krɒp tây trên diệnCommon failure in potato
117 failures ˈfeɪljəz/ rộng harvests.
Suffering or death from
118 Starvation /stɑːˈveɪʃn/ Nạn đói lack of food.
/əˈrɪdʒɪneɪtɪd Có nguồn gốc Began or started from a
119 Originated in ɪn/ từ location.
Well-known because of
120 Famed for /feɪmd fɔː/ Nổi tiếng về something.
Crop grown for selling
Cây trồng rather than for personal
121 Cash crop /kæʃ krɒp/ thương phẩm use.
On the /ɒn ðə Về mặt tiêu Considering the negative
122 downside ˈdaʊnsaɪd/ cực aspects.
Historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl sɪɡ Importance in the context
123 significance ˈnɪfɪkəns/ Ý nghĩa lịch sử of history.
Xảy ra, xuất
124 Came about /keɪm əˈbaʊt/ hiện Happened or occurred.
 Thiết lập các
Establishing /ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ tuyến đường Creating trading paths
125 trade routes treɪd ruːts/ thương mại between places.
Spread of /sprɛd əv dɪ Sự lây lan của
disease and ˈziːz ænd bệnh tật và vũ The movement of
126 weapons ˈwɛpənz/ khí illnesses and arms.
/ˌdʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪk Thời gian địa The time span of Earth's
127 Geologic time taɪm/ chất history.
Fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntl Cơ bản cho sự
to our tuː ˈaʊər ɪɡ tồn tại của Absolutely essential for
128 existence ˈzɪstəns/ chúng ta life.
Financial /faɪˈnænʃl Ảnh hưởng tài
129 implications ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃnz/ chính Economic consequences.

Extremely /ɪkˈstriːmli sɔːt Cực kỳ được Very much wanted or

130 sought after ˈɑːftə/ săn đón desired.
Loại bỏ một
Ridding Britain /ˈrɪdɪŋ ˈbrɪtn căn bệnh khỏi Eliminating an illness
131 of a disease ɒv ə dɪˈziːz/ Anh from the country.
Example

Hello, City Transport

Well, some people doLost
hand Property. How
lost items canyou
in so I help you?
might be
lucky.
OK, well, it's small, and it's the type you can pull along on
wheels.
Luckily my assistant manager has an identical set so she's
going out were
Um there this morning to get some but
a lot of documents, copies made.
they're saved on my
laptop anyway.
Yes. I was heading to Highbury. That's where I live.
I thought about getting the train, but that would have meant
So
a busyoujourney
were coming
as well,from
and the airport,be
I couldn't I presume.
bothered so I
decided to take a taxi eventually.
It's more likely that a driver would have found it and handed
it...the
in. best address to send you the property if we manage
to locate it?
Er, hang
I hope on,enjoy
you I canyour
never remember
stay my own
in our village andnumber.
enjoy the local
scenery.
If you want to get to the supermarket for your supplies of
food and but
It's small water...
well worth a visit if you're interested in the
history of the village...
They have a good range of bikes so I'm sure you'll find
something
Last but notthat suits
least, your needs.
if you're hungry after a long day's trek I
can recommend our local café.
All of them start at the end of Mountain Road - and you'll
find a parking
There's lot there
a wooden whereyou
hut where youcan
canstay
leave at your vehicles.
the end of the
track but be aware that it's really just an overnight shelter.
...you do need good map-reading skills to avoid becoming
...but the track
disoriented, alsohappens
which goes through a densely
to visitors a littleforested area.
too frequently,
I'm afraid.
Valley Crossing will take you through some stunning
scenery...

...you'll need the level of fitness required to get over some

pretty big rocks.

Do bear in mind, though, that at this time of year the

weather is very changeable...

...and if the cloud suddenly descends, it's all too easy to

wander off the track.

...it's all too easy to wander off the track.

Well James, I've had a look over your case study and for a
first draft, it looks promising.

...still comparatively small compared to some of the high

street stores...

...but it's got plans to expand into foreign markets.

It's going through a transition - it's a family-run business
aiming to build a global brand.

One thing, though, that I think you've overlooked is why

Luca Rossi started a furniture company here in Australia in
the first place.

And people were trying to talk him into an academic

profession...
...something he thought would be more satisfying in the long
run.

He'd made furniture in Italy and he'd passed this skill on to

Luca's father...

And what was it, do you think, that gave Furniture Rossi a
competitive edge over other furniture companies?

It's always been at the higher end of the market...

...they were really focused on giving good customer service.

Their promotional campaigns also emphasised the fact that

the wood only came from Australian forests...

...so it wouldn't have made them stand out.

...rather than the bare facts.

But it's good to see you've been careful with your

referencing this time.

And I read and re-read my work so I'm pretty sure there

aren't any errors with the language.

Yes, I haven't given it much thought yet.

...think about what kind of information would be suitable to

use in your presentation.
...you spent a considerable part of the time providing the
audience with financial data...

Yes, I did concentrate rather too much on the figures.

...how Luca Rossi raised the capital for his new business
venture...

...then you're talking about the customer base growing

much wider...

...but what was it that prompted this growth?

Well, then Rossi needed to take on more craftsmen so they

could make sure the orders were ready on time...

...and then, he also had to set up two new warehouses to

make distribution quicker.

...and called in a consultant.

...what he saw immediately was that the infrastructure was

completely outdated...

...and that, in turn, cut operational costs and just speeded

everything up.

...I imagine that's why he eventually turned the day-to-day

running of the company over to his son.

...it was the son, Marco, who persuaded his father to move
on from traditional television advertising and go online
instead.

Well, some users found it hard to navigate their way around

the website...

...so they were getting frustrated and giving up.

They've had a continuous three-year rise in revenue so
things must be going well.

Well, I probably need to talk about this a bit more in the

concluding paragraphs, don't I?

...I think the company is aiming to publicise their values the

fact that they have respect for beauty, durability and
functionality, and the environment.

...it's an experience that makes you wonder about the

passage of time and our own history.

But rock art also has a practical value for researchers...

Firstly it provides vital information about the way that people

evolved...

...information not always easily obtainable from excavated

artefacts alone.

...information not always easily obtainable from excavated

artefacts alone.

When our ancestors drew humans, they would often draw

them as stick figures...

...then the eyes were almost always very prominent very

open and wide.

...it's depicted either in profile or looking down on it from

above.

...it's depicted either in profile or looking down on it from

above.

Recently researchers have come up with a new theory.

They believe that the brains of our ancestors evolved to

notice certain images before others...
...this was important - actually essential for survival.

...in an environment full of constant danger.

...certainly for spiritual and social purposes and no doubt for

political ones, too...

...as different tribes looked for allies and struggled against

their enemies.

The images that survive in this part of the world span at

least 20,000 years.

In fact, the Aborigines were still practising this art form in

the late 18th century...

...and certain images point to the contact between them.

...an animal that would have been very alien to the

Australian landscape.

...but unfortunately we do know that much of the art is being

lost to us.

Erosion, of course, is one of the key reasons for its

destruction...

At this rate, in 50 years, hall of all Australian rock art could

have disappeared for good.

Vandalism is sadly another factor...

...while we settle in.

...so he can print stuff off and get it back to you sooner than
I could.

They're transferring him to their Fairfield branch.

OK, just a moment, I'll just make a note of that.

...and I don't really want to pay for storage while we're

waiting to buy a house.

If there's any other whiteware that you need - like a

dishwasher for example...

...you'd like to be fairly close to a school.

...so I can catch up on sleep if necessary during the day.

Well, what I'll do is compile a list of suitable properties for

you and send them via email.

...and he pointed us in the direction of your website.

Well, it's good to be recommended.

My name is Paul and I'm a palaeontologist.

I had to do a compulsory unit on extinction.

A lecturer gave us a talk on Australia's extinct animals.

He became part of the fossil record.

But palaeontology isn't all easy going.

We were digging in an outback fossil site.

I was getting really disheartened.

I was digging into the bank of an ancient dried-up riverbed.

That's his area of expertise.

We can deduce from this that development should be

halted.

I was awarded a grant from a government-funding body.

I plan to excavate new areas using the funds.

I will study fossil collections housed in museums.

I want to know when Australia's mega-fauna became
extinct.

Their cells deteriorated fairly rapidly.

Giving them a prematurely old body.

Pigeons can navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field.

They navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field.

It was one of the staple foods of Central and South
America.

It almost totally altered people’s diet.

The humble potato allowed people to change their lives.

A disease caused widespread potato crop failures.

Millions died from starvation.

This originated in the Americas.

It’s famed for being the original cash crop.

It funded a lot of development as a cash crop.

On the downside, it caused a greater demand for slaves.

It played a large part in US independence.

The American Revolution came about because of the
protest.
It helped in establishing trade routes between East and
West.

Trade brought spread of disease and weapons.

That’s recent in geologic time.

They are fundamental to our existence.

There were financial implications in Britain.

It became extremely sought after.

It’s credited with ridding Britain of scurvy.