Q1.

How does chattarji’s poem ‘boxes’ portray the

experience of living in a confined space??
—> The poem ‘’boxes’’ is about the immigrant
experience of moving from one place to another while
leaving everything behind. The poet shows an emotional
and physical burden of a new house and place. This is
done by using figurative language , use of imagery like
personification, metaphor and simile.

Firstly, the poet is conveying confined space in the

surrounding by an “orchid smuggled in a duffle bag’’.
This phrase means that the orchid is feeling very
congested and suffocated related to the way it was
forcefully separated by its family. The poet is using
metaphor in ‘’harsh october sun turns tender at it’s
leaves” this means that while moving the orchid already
depicted the temperature change showing a heavy
energy in the air tension by the ‘harsh sun’ which means
the whether isn’t as refreshing here as it was back
there.
Secondly, The poet is stating some positives to look at
new surroundings from a good point of view. Hee, the
poet is using ol’factory in ‘’the smell of food was good’’
which means that she could be cooking in a place where
there is a window nearby. As the smell of the food
flows out of the window the ‘’sing-song of voices high’’
is referring to the singing birds outside the window
audible to the orchid and the poet herself.

Thirdly, the poet is taking about her feelings of

everything threatening to fall apart by ‘’a giant stack
of quilts threatening to fall’’. This show cases that the
constant fear she is living in of things falling apart. The
idea of her life being compact and confined is through
‘’redying you for cramp’’.

The writer is trying to convey to the audience that to

how an orchid feels when moving away forcefully from
home and surroundings. The effect of this on the
audience is that to show how you should never force
someone to move out of their surroundings where they
have their memories connected together with.
Q2. How does Sarah Jackson make the poem ‘’the
instant of my death’’ such a moving poem?
—> This poem is written by Sarah jackson. This poem
is about a metaphorical journey. The poet describes
how she feels epiphanic movements unexpectedly
changing her perspective on life. She has used
figurative language like simile and juxtaposition.

Firstly, she is using discomforting imagery to show the

‘’cramped’’ space and and unusual feeling ‘’of a man rubs
against my leg like a damp cat’’.This depicts that the
bus was filled with people. The writer is sitting next to
a ‘’fat man’’ here ‘’damp cat’’ is similie which might
signify a mouldy smell and an unpleasant touch which
seemed persistent.

Secondly, she is showing vivid imagery through

‘’counting… gompas’’ showing that she is trying to find
something in the surrounding to catch her interest.
The word ‘’gompas’’ are small temples which makes this
journey sound more exotic and interesting. She ‘’traced
the rockline with my finger’’ in a nonchalant way , this
could also show that all of this is making her sleepy and
she is trying to find ways to stay up. She ‘’felt her eyes
glaze over’’ means that she is looking at something in an
uninterested way.

Thirdly, there is a sudden interest shown in the poem

where she accidentally glazed over and saw a ‘’boy in a
red flannel w]squatting between two dhabas’’. This
phrase could suggest that this sudden built interest
jolted her awake. A;though, she was caught off guard
when ‘’he shot me with a toy gun’’ she is showing her
fear as ‘’a part of me stopped’’. Here an example of a
sudden adrenaline rush is shown.

The writer is depicting a sense of discomfort by using

imagery and figurative language. The poet is doing this
by using metaphor and descriptive techniques with
languages. The effect on the reader is all about her
forcefully being seated and being uncomfortable.
Q3. How does Imtiaz Dharker create an emotional
experience for readers in her poem ‘’These are the
times we live in’’ ??
—> The poem ‘’These are the times we live in’’ is
written by Imtiaz Dharker which conveys
discrimination. The writer is conveying about how she is
always being looked down upon. The writer has used
figurative language to show the theme dehumanishing ,
alienation and fragmented - self.

Firstly, the poet is using the first person pronoun ‘I’

instead of second pronoun ‘you’ because she prefers to
be an observer more than a participant. It shows that
she is lookin back at the incident and writing a poem
not feeling good in her own skin. The theme for the
poem can be fragmented self and alienation.

Secondly, the phrasal verb ‘’hand over’’ is used in the

poem to show surrender for creating an effect of one’s
loss of identity. The poet here explains that one’s
identity is tied up to a small handbook that can be
scrutinized, altered, or even rejected.
Thirdly, the poet uses personification in ‘’see his mind
working’’ here a machine is used to symbolise the brain
doing some intense thinking or calculations. This also
shows dehumanising treatment at the airport. The
effect also creates a difference between the officer
and the poet because it is a foreign name creating a
suspicious atmosphere and mood.

The writer shows how she has been looked down upon
just because of her name and religion. The poet is
showing that even when her identity is reconstructed,
one’s identity is still rejected. The effect on the
audience will be them feeling how she felt while
standing in her shoes.
Q4. How does Arun Kolatkar use imagery in his poem to
create a powerful experience of the journey in his
poem ‘’The Bus’’??
—> The poet Kolatkar masterfully employs imagery
related to vision and perspective to convey the
speaker's detached and limited experience on the bus.
From the very beginning, the imagery emphasizes
restricted sight, contributing to a sense of isolation
and a fragmented understanding of the journey.

Firstly, the poet is showing the restrictions be put on

as ‘’the tarpaulin flaps are buttoned down’’ this shows
that as the view was visible the cloth was put on for
restrictions ans to depict a sense of isolation and a
fragmented understanding.

Secondly, here the poet is showing that even while

sitting in the bus ‘’you look down at the roaring road’’
trying to find something that will catch you interest. A
sense of isolation is created by showing that even a bus
full of people you could still feel isolated.
Thirdly, the speaker isn’t actively observing the
countryside as ‘’you search for the signs’’ instead their
vision is filtered and restricted from a post-colonial
[Link] speaker isn’t experiencing the world
directly but only through a distorted and a mediated
image.

The overall effect of this consistent use of imagery

related to vision and perspective is to create a strong
sense of isolation and detachment even in a bus full of
people. The restricted views, the distorted
reflections,and the fragmented images of the natural
world all contribute to a feeling that the speaker is not
fully present in the experience. The journey became
less about the destination and more about the internal
experience of the speaker,who is observing the world
through a filter unable to fully connect with it.
[Link] what extent do you think the relationship
between scout and jem changes during the course of
the novel?? Support your ideas with details from from
the novel.
—> Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mockingbird" masterfully
charts the evolution of Scout and Jem's relationship, a
journey marked by the inevitable shifts from childhood
unity to the complexities of adolescence and moral
awakening. Initially, their bond is rooted in the shared
experiences of childhood in Maycomb, a world defined
by imaginative play and mutual reliance. The early
chapters depict their harmonious coexistence, where
"We lived on the same street, ate the same food, and
played the same games," establishing a foundation of
shared experiences. Their shared fascination with the
enigmatic Boo Radley serves as a focal point for their
childhood adventures, fostering a sense of camaraderie
and shared curiosity. This initial unity, however, is
challenged by Jem's burgeoning adolescence.
As Jem matures, he begins to distance himself from
Scout, a shift driven by his desire to conform to
societal expectations and assert his independence. This
is starkly illustrated when he reprimands Scout with,
"It's time you started bein' a girl and acting right!"
(Chapter 12), revealing his growing awareness of
gender roles and his attempt to enforce them. The
trial of Tom Robinson acts as a catalyst for Jem's
accelerated maturation. Witnessing the injustice of
the verdict profoundly affects him, shattering his
naive understanding of the world. His emotional
outburst, "It ain't right, Atticus," (Chapter 22),
underscores his disillusionment and marks a significant
departure from his earlier, more carefree demeanor.
Jem's growing empathy is further highlighted when he
expresses concern for a roly-poly bug, demonstrating a
newfound sensitivity that Scout does not yet fully
comprehend.
Scout, meanwhile, struggles to navigate Jem's changing
behavior. She feels alienated and confused by his
attempts to distance himself, admitting, "Jem was
becoming difficult to live with. He was moody" (Chapter
12). Her longing for their previous closeness is evident
when she reflects, "I missed him. I would have felt
better if things had been normal" (Chapter 14).
However, as the novel progresses, Scout also
undergoes a transformation, influenced by Atticus's
teachings and her own experiences. The attack by Bob
Ewell serves as a pivotal moment, forcing Scout and
Jem to rely on each other for survival. This shared
trauma strengthens their bond, reinforcing their
loyalty and love.
By the novel's conclusion, Scout demonstrates a
significant maturation, exemplified by her
understanding of Atticus's lesson of empathy. When
she reflects, "Just standing on the Radley porch was
enough" (Chapter 31), she reveals a profound shift in
her perspective, mirroring Jem's own journey towards
greater understanding. Their relationship, though
tested by the challenges of adolescence and societal
pressures, ultimately evolves into a deeper, more
mature bond, marked by shared experiences and a
growing awareness of the complexities of the world.
Q6. Explore the character of Atticus Finch in to kill a
MockingBird. You must consider the context of the
novel in your answers.
—> Atticus Finch stands as a towering figure of moral
integrity and courage in Harper Lee's "To Kill a
Mockingbird," a novel set against the backdrop of
racial prejudice and social injustice in 1930s Alabama.
His character serves as a powerful commentary on the
importance of moral responsibility and the fight
against systemic injustice. Atticus consistently
demonstrates his unwavering commitment to justice,
most notably through his decision to defend Tom
Robinson, a black man falsely accused of rape. This
decision, made in the face of intense social ostracism,
underscores his courage and his refusal to compromise
his principles.
Atticus's moral compass is firmly rooted in his belief in
equality and fairness. He imparts these values to Scout
and Jem, serving as a role model and teacher. His
famous quote, "You never really understand a person
until you consider things from his point of view"
(Chapter 3), encapsulates his commitment to empathy
and understanding. He emphasizes the importance of
integrity, stating, "The one thing that doesn't abide by
majority rule is a person's conscience" (Chapter 11),
highlighting his belief in the individual's moral
responsibility. His advice to "Shoot all the bluejays you
want, if you can hit 'em, but remember it's a sin to kill
a mockingbird" (Chapter 10) teaches his children about
protecting the innocent.
Atticus's decision to defend Tom Robinson is a direct
challenge to the deeply ingrained racism of Maycomb.
He understands the social consequences of his actions,
yet he remains steadfast in his commitment to justice.
As he explains, "Simply because we were licked a
hundred years before we started is no reason for us
not to try to win" (Chapter 9), he reveals his
determination to fight for what is right, regardless of
the odds. The courtroom scenes provide a stark
illustration of the racial prejudice that permeates
Maycomb, highlighting the significance of Atticus's
actions.
Despite the challenges he faces, Atticus maintains a
nuanced understanding of the people of Maycomb. He
recognizes their flaws, yet he does not succumb to
bitterness or hatred. His ability to empathize with
others, even those who hold prejudiced views, reveals
his complexity and his commitment to understanding
the human condition. His guidance to Scout and Jem,
"Before I can live with other folks I've got to live with
myself" (Chapter 11), shows that he prioritizes personal
integrity above all else. Atticus Finch's character
serves as a powerful testament to the enduring power
of moral courage and the importance of standing up for
what is right in the face of injustice.