Units 1 -Basics Computer

1.1 Introduction to Computer

What is a computer?

A computer is an electronic machine that helps us to do work fast. It can store

information, play games, do homework, and even draw pictures!

Parts of a Computer:

1. Monitor – It looks like a TV and shows us pictures and words.

2. Keyboard – We use it to type letters and numbers.
3. Mouse – It helps us to click and move things on the screen.
4. CPU (Central Processing Unit) – It is the brain of the computer.
5. Speakers – They let us hear music and sounds.
6. Printer – It prints pictures or words on paper.

What Can a Computer Do?

 Type letters or stories 📝

 Play games 🎮
 Watch videos 🎥
 Listen to music 🎵
 Draw and paint 🎨
 Solve sums ➕➖

Assignment No1:-

1. What is a computer?
2. Name any two parts of a computer.
3. What is the use of a mouse?
4. Write any two uses of a computer.
5. Which part of the computer looks like a TV?

1.2 Starting and Shut down the computer.

Starting a Computer (Turn ON):

1. Press the power button on the CPU or laptop.

2. The monitor will light up.

 3. Wait for the computer to load (show the desktop).

4. The computer is ready to use!

Shutting Down a Computer (Turn OFF):

1. Click on the Start button on the screen.

2. Select Shut Down from the menu.

3. Wait until the computer switches off.

4. Turn off the monitor (if needed).

Remember:

 Always shut down properly.

 Do not pull the plug or switch off suddenly.

Assignment Nos2: -

[Link] button do we click to shut down the computer?

[Link] should we save our work before shutting down?

[Link] or False: It’s okay to switch off the power plug without shutting down.

1.3 Identify the parts of computer and their functionality.

1. Monitor

 📺 Looks like a TV.

 💡 Shows pictures, videos, and our work.

2. Keyboard

 ⌨️Has many buttons called keys.

 💡 Used to type letters, numbers, and words.

3. Mouse

 Has two buttons and a scroll wheel.

  💡 Used to click, select, and move things on the screen.

4. CPU (Central Processing Unit)

 🧠 Called the brain of the computer.

 💡 Processes all the work and gives results.

5. Speakers

 🔊 Used to hear sounds, music, and videos.

6. Printer

 Takes printouts on paper.

 💡 Used to print documents and pictures.

7. Webcam (optional)

 📷 Used to click pictures or make video calls.

Assignment Nos 3:-

[Link] part of the computer looks like a TV and shows pictures?

[Link] part of the computer is used for typing letters and numbers?

[Link] is the name of the part that is called the 'brain' of the computer?

4. Which part helps you to click and move things on the screen?

[Link] part prints pictures or documents on paper?

1.4 Identify the keys of keyboard: -

1 Alphabet Keys (A to Z)

 These are used to type letters.

 There are 26 alphabet keys.

2 Number Keys (0 to 9)

 These are used to type numbers.

 Found at the top row and sometimes on the right side (called the number pad).

3 Spacebar Key

 The longest key on the keyboard.

 Used to give space between words.

4 Enter Key

 Used to go to the next line or to start a new paragraph.

5 Backspace Key

 Used to erase letters from the left side of the cursor.

6 Delete Key

 Used to erase letters from the right side of the cursor.

7 Shift Key

 Used to type capital letters and special symbols.

8 Caps Lock Key

 Turns capital letters ON or OFF.

9 Arrow Keys

 Used to move the cursor up, down, left, or right.

10 Function Keys (F1 to F12)

 Found at the top row.

 Each has a special job, like opening help or refreshing a page.

11 Control (Ctrl), Alt, and Esc Keys

 These are used in shortcuts or special tasks.

12 Tab Key
  Used to move the cursor a little to the right (like starting a paragraph).

Assignment Nos 4:-

[Link] many alphabet keys are there on a keyboard?

a) 10
b) 26
c) 100
d) 5

2. Which key is the longest on the keyboard?

a) Enter key
b) Shift key
c) Spacebar key
d) Tab key

[Link] key is used to erase letters from the left side?

a) Delete
b) Backspace
c) Spacebar
d) Tab

4. What do we use the Enter key for?

a) To give space
b) To erase letters
c) To go to the next line
d) To write numbers

5. Which key helps us to write in capital letters all the time?

a) Shift
b) Tab
c) Ctrl
d) Caps Lock

1.5 Identify the buttons of Mouse:-

Left Button

 It is the main button.

 Used to click on things.
 Single click to select, double click to open.

🟢 Example: Click to open a folder.

2️⃣ Right Button

 It is used to open a menu.

 This menu shows extra options.

🟢 Example: Right-click on a file to see "Copy" or "Delete".

3️⃣ Scroll Wheel

 Found in the middle of the mouse.

 Helps to scroll up and down on a page or document.

🟢 Example: Move the wheel to read a long page.

Assignment Nos 5: -

[Link] mouse button is used to open a file or folder?

a) Right button
b) Left button
c) Scroll wheel
d) Power button

[Link] button opens a menu with extra options?

a) Left button
b) Right button
c) Scroll wheel
d) Enter key

[Link] is the scroll wheel used for?

a) To type letters
b) To click
c) To scroll up and down
d) To switch off the mouse
1.6 Precautions to be taken while opening and closing computer:-
💻 Precautions While Starting (Opening) the Computer:

1. ✅ Make sure the power is ON (switch on the plug or UPS).

2. ✅ Press the power button only once.

3. ✅ Do not press random keys while the computer is starting.

4. ✅ Wait patiently for the computer to fully start.

Precautions While Shutting Down (Closing) the Computer:

1. ✅ Close all open programs or files properly.

2. ✅ Click on 'Start' and then choose 'Shut Down'.

3. ✅ Do not switch off the power directly.

4. ✅ Wait until the screen goes off completely.

5. ✅ Then switch off the main power button or UPS.

Assignment Nos 6: -

1. Write any two precautions to take while starting the computer.

2. Write any two things you should do before shutting down the computer.

3. Why should we not switch off the computer directly from the plug?

1.7 Do’s and Don’ts of computer labs: -

Do's in the Computer Lab:

1. Wash your hands before using the computer.

2. Enter the lab quietly and follow the teacher’s instructions.

3. Sit properly on your chair.

4. Use the keyboard and mouse gently.

5. Shut down the computer properly after use.

6. Keep the computer lab clean and tidy.

7. Report any problems to the teacher.

❌ Don'ts in the Computer Lab:

1. Do not eat or drink near the computer.

2. Do not touch wires or plugs without permission.

3. Do not run or shout inside the computer lab.

4. Do not press keys or click the mouse too hard.

5. Do not play games or change settings without permission.

6. Do not pull out cables or turn off power directly.

7. Do not scribble or paste stickers on computer parts.

Assignment Nos 7: -

[Link] two things you should do in the computer lab.

[Link] two things you should not do in the computer lab.

[Link] should we keep the computer lab clean?

1.8 Features of the Computer: -

1. ✅ Fast

o A computer works very quickly.

o It can do big tasks in just a few seconds.

2. ✅ Accurate

o A computer gives correct answers if we give correct input.

3. ✅ Never Gets Tired

o A computer can work for long hours without getting tired or bored.
 4. ✅ Stores a Lot of Information

o A computer can save many files, photos, videos, and songs.

5. ✅ Multitasking

o It can do many things at the same time, like playing music while typing.

6. ✅ Works on Instructions

o A computer does only what we tell it to do.

Assignment Nos 8: -

[Link] any two features of a computer.

[Link] do we say a computer never gets tired?

[Link] kind of information can a computer store?

1.9 Strengths and Limitations of Computer: -

✅ Strengths of a Computer (What a Computer Can Do Well):

1. Fast – It works very quickly.

2. Accurate – It gives correct results.

3. Never Gets Tired – It can work for many hours.

4. Stores Information – It can save many files, photos, and videos.

5. Multitasking – It can do many things at the same time.

6. Helps in Learning – It helps us learn, play, and draw.

❌ Limitations of a Computer (What a Computer Cannot Do):

1. Cannot Think – It cannot think on its own.

2. Needs Instructions – It works only when we give commands.

3. Cannot Feel – It has no feelings like humans.

4. Cannot Do Work Without Electricity – It needs power to work.

Assignment Nos 9: -

1. Write two strengths of a computer.

2. Write two limitations of a computer.

3. Why do we say a computer never gets tired?