Basic Vocabulary

(3000+Most Common
& Useful Words)
 Basic Vocabulary

*** List of short forms or Symbols Used: Verb – (V); Noun – (N);
Adjective – (Adj.); Adverb – (Adv.); Preposition – (Prep.); Antonym – (≠)

Basic Vocabulary – 1
abandon (V) – NksM+uk] R;kxuk (leave) actively – iqQrhZysiu ls
abandoned (adj.) – NksM+k gqvk] R;kxk gqvk (deserted) activity – fØ;kdyki
≠ crowded actor – vfHkusrk
ability – ;ksX;rk ≠ inability actress – vfHkus=kh
able – ;ksX; (capable) ≠ unable actual – okLrfod (real) ≠ unreal
about – ckjs esa ad / advertisement – çpkj] foKkiu
above – Åij ≠ below adapt – <kyuk (adjust)
absence – vuqifLFkfr ≠ presence adopt – Lohdkjuk (accept)@xzg.k djuk
absent – vuqifLFkr ≠ present adept – dq'ky (expert) ≠ unskilled
absolute – iwjk (whole) ≠ incomplete add – tksM+uk
absolutely – iwjh rjg ls (completely) addition – tksM+
absorb – lks[kuk (soak) additional – vfrfjDr (extra)
add on – vfrfjDr
abuse (V) – xkyh nsuk (Idm. call somebody names)
address (N) – irk
abuse (N) – Øwjrkiw.kZ O;ogkj] nq#i;ksx (Misuse)
address (V) – lacksfèkr djuk
accent – mPpkj.k (pronunciation)
adequate – i;kZIr (Sufficient) ≠ lack
accept – Lohdkjuk ≠ reject
adjust – lek;ksftr djuk
acceptable – Lohdk;Z ≠ unacceptable
admire – ç'kalk djuk (praise) ≠ criticise
access – igq¡p
admit – Lohdkjuk ≠ prohibit
accidental – vpkud gksus okyk
adult – o;Ld
accommodate – txg nsuk (put up/take someone in) advance – c<+uk] fodkl djuk ≠ recede (ihNs vkuk)
according to – ds vuqlkj advanced – çxfr'khy] mUufr fd;k gqvk
account – ys[kk&tks[kk] o.kZu (description) advice (N) – lykg
accurate – 'kq¼ (exact) ≠ inaccurate advise (V) – lykg nsuk
couple – tksM+k affect – çHkko Mkyuk] [effect (N) – çHkko]
a couple of – dqN@FkksM+k affection – yxko] Lusg ≠ detachment/antipathy
across – vkj&ikj afraid – Mjk gqvk ≠ bold / daring
act (N) – dkuwu] dk;Z] ukVd] ukVd dk Hkkx after – ckn esa
act (V) – ukVd djuk] O;ogkj djuk again – fiQj ls
action – fØ;k against – ds lgkjs@f[kykiQ
active – iqQrhZyk age – mez

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 Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

aged – mez dk ankle – V[kuk

agency – 'kk[kk] lkèku anklet – ik;y
agent – tklwl (spy)] xqIrpj anniversary – okf"kZdksRlo
ago – igys ≠ later announce – ?kks"k.kk djuk (declare)
agree (V) – lger gksuk annoy (V) – fp<+kuk (irritate) ≠ please ([kq'k djuk)
agreement (N) – lgefr annoyed (Adj.) – fp<+k gqvk
ahead – vkxs ≠ back annoying (Adj.) – fp<+kus okyk ≠ relaxing
aid – iSlk@Hkkstu dh enn annually – okf"kZd :i ls
aircraft – ok;q;ku another – ,d nwljk@,d vkSj
airport – gokbZvM~Mk anticipate – vk'kk djuk (Hope)
alcohol – 'kjkc anxiety – ¯prk
alcoholic – ftlesa 'kjkc gks anxious – ¯pfrr (worried) ≠ relaxed
allow – vuqefr nsuk (permit) ≠ disallow/prohibit anxiously – ¯pfrr :i ls
allowance – HkÙkk any – dksbZ
all right – Bhd&Bkd] larks"ktud (satisfactory) anyway – dSls Hkh@[kSj
ally (V) – lkFk nsuk] (N) – lkFkh (friend) ≠ enemy/rival anywhere – dgha Hkh
almost – yxHkx apart from – ds vykok (Besides)
alone – vdsyk apartment – ÝySV
aloud – rst vkokt (audible) ≠ inaudible apologize – {kek ekaxuk
already – igys ls gh apparent – Li"V (Clear) ≠ vague/unclear
also– Hkh apparently – Li"V :i ls
alter – cnyuk (change) appeal (V) – vkdf"kZr djuk (attract)] fuosnu djuk
(request)
alternative – fodYi (option)
appear – çdV gksuk (seem)
although – ;|fi (though)
appearance – fn[kkok@'kdy
altogether – lkFk gh esa application – vkosnu] ç;ksx
always – ges'kk ≠ never apply – vkosnu djuk] ç;ksx esa ykuk
amazed – vk'p;Zpfdr (surprised) appoint (V) – fu;qDr djuk
ambition – egÙokdka{kk appointment (N) – fu;qfDr
among – chp esa appreciate – ç'kalk djuk (Praise) ≠ criticise
amount – ewY; approach (N) – igq¡p
amused – vkuafnr approach (V) – igq¡puk
amusing – vkuan çnku djus okyk ≠ boring/tedious appropriate (Adj.) – mi;qDr (suitable) ≠ inapt
analyse (V) – ewY;kadu djuk (Assess) approval (N) – lgefr] eatwjh
analysis (N) – ewY;kadu (Assessment) approve (V) – eatwjh nsuk ≠ disapprove/deny
ancient – çkphu ≠ modern/contemporary approximate – yxHkx
anger – Øksèk ≠ calmness approximately – yxHkx
angle – dks.k area – {ks=k] bykdk] {ks=kiQy
angrily – xqLls esa ≠ peacefully argue (V) – cgl djuk] rdZ djuk
angry – ukjkt ≠ cheerful argument (N) – rdZ

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Basic Vocabulary – 2
arise – mBuk] txuk (get up) ≠ sleep assume (V) – eku ysuk (suppose)
arm – Hkqtk assure (V) – vk'oklu nsuk
armed – l'kL=k] gfFk;kj ds lkFk assurance (N) – vk'oklu
arms – gfFk;kj (ammunition) atmosphere – ekgkSy] okrkoj.k
army – lsuk atom – ijek.kq
around – pkjksa vksj attach (V) – tksM+uk (add) ≠ detach
arrange (V) – O;ofLFkr djuk attached (adj.) – tqM+k gqvk ≠ detached/separated
arranged (adj.) – O;ofLFkr (managed) ≠ untidy attachment – tqM+ko] yxko (affection)
arrangement (N) – O;oLFkk ≠ disorder attack – çgkj djuk ≠ defend
arrest (V) – fxjÝrkj djuk (apprehend) ≠ release attempt (V) – ç;kl djuk (try), (N) – ç;kl (bid)
arrival (N) – vkxeu ≠ departure attend – mifLFkr gksuk] Hkkx ysuk
arrive (V) – vkxeu gksuk@vkuk (come) ≠ depart attention – lkoèkku (Alert)
arrow – rhj attitude – u”kfj;k (way of thinking)
art – dyk attorney – U;k;oknh] çfrfufèk
article – ys[k] oLrq (item) attract (V) – vkdf"kZr djuk (fascinate) ≠ repulse
artificial – vçkÑfrd (unnatural)] cukoVh ≠ natural attraction (N) – vkd"kZ.k ≠ repulsion
artificially – cukoVh rjhds ls attractive (adj.) – vkd"kZd ≠ repulsive
artist – dykdkj audience – Jksrkx.k
artistic – dykRed author – ys[kd (writer)
artistically – dykRed <ax ls authority – vfèkdkj (power)] lÙkk
as – tSls] dh rjg (like), D;ksafd (because) automatic – Lopkfyr ≠ manual
ashamed (adj.) – 'kfe±nk gksuk (embarrassed) automatically – vius vki
aside – cxy dh rjiQ] nwj autumn – ir>M+
aside from – in addition to – ds vykok available (N) – miyCèk ≠ unavailable
ask – iwNuk average – vkSlr
asleep (adj.) – lks;k gqvk (sleeping), fuf"Ø; ≠ awaken avoid – fdlh ls cpuk (ignore), ijgst djuk ≠ face
aspect (N) – fgLlk] dks.k awake (V) – txuk] txkuk] (adj.) – txk gqvk
assist (V) – enn djuk (help) award – iqjLdkj] iSQlyk ≠ punishment
assistance (N) – enn] lgk;rk (help) aware – tkx:d
assistant (N) – lgk;d (helper) away – nwj
associate (V) – tksM+uk (unite) awful – [kjkc] cqjk] Hk;adj
associated – tqM+k gqvk (united) awesome – cgqr vPNk (superb) ≠ awful
association – lkFk] laLFkk] laxfr (union) awkward (adj.) – Hkn~nk

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 Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

awkwardly (adv.) – Hkn~ns rjhds ls beauty – lkSan;Z

baby – cPpk because – D;ksafd (for/as/since)
back – ihNs because of – ds dkj.k (due to)
background – i`"BHkwfe (base) beef – xk; dk ekal
back up – leFkZu (support) beef up – etcwr djuk (strengthen)
backward – ihNs dk] fiNM+k ≠ forward beer – ch;j] tkS dh 'kjkc
backwards – ihNs dh vksj before – igys
bacteria – thok.kq begin – 'kq: djuk (start) ≠ end
badly – cqjh rjg ls ≠ well beginning – 'kq#vkr
bad-tempered – xqLls okyk (angry) ≠ cool behalf – ds okLrs
baggage – lkeku on behalf of – dh vksj ls
bake – idkuk] lsaduk behave – O;ogkj djuk (conduct)
balance – larqyu behaviour – O;ogkj
ban (N) – jksd @ çfrcaèk (prohibition) behind – ihNs
ban (V) – jksd yxkuk (prohibit) belief – Hkjkslk (faith)
banned (Adj.) – çfrcafèkr believe – fo'okl djuk (trust)
bandage – iV~Vh believe in sb./sth. – vfLrRo esa fo'okl djuk
bar – NM+ bell – ?kaVh
bargain – eksyHkko djuk belong – lacafèkr gksuk
barrier – ckèkk (obstacle) belong to – lacfèkr
base – vkèkkj below – uhps ≠ above
based – vkèkkfjr bend (V) – >qduk] (N) – eksM+
basic – ekSfyd@vkèkkjHkwr (fundamental) beneath – uhps (below) ≠ above
basically – ekSfyd :i ls benefit – iQk;nk (advantage) ≠ harm
basis – vkèkkj bent – >qdk gqvk
bath (N) – Luku beside – cxy esa (next to)
bathe (V) – Luku djuk besides – ds vfrfjDr (in addition to)
battle – ;q¼ bet (N) – 'krZ
bay – [kkM+h [at bay – nwj] bet (V) – 'krZ yxkuk
be – gksuk between – chp esa
beach – jsrhyk leqnz rV beyond – ds ijs
beak – pksap bicycle – lkbfdy
bear – lguk (tolerate/put up with) bid (bid, bid, bid) – cksyh yxkuk (auction)@uhyke djuk
beard – nk<+h bid (bid, bade, bidden) – dguk] fonk djuk
beat – ihVuk] gjkuk (defeat) bid (N) – iz;kl (attempt)
beautifully – lqanjrk ls eg. They failed in their bid to buy the company.

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Basic Vocabulary – 3
billion – ,d vjc break – rksM+uk
birth – tUe ≠ death/demise break down – [kjkch
birthday – tUefnu break into – tcjnLrh ?kqluk (enter forcefully)
bit – FkksM+k (a little) break off – vyx djuk (separate) ≠ unite
bite – nk¡r ls dkVuk break out – iSQy tkuk (spread)
bitter – dM+ok ≠ sweet break up – VwVuk] lacaèk rksM+uk
bitterly – dM+okgV ds lkFk breath (N) – lk¡l
black – dkyk breathe (V) – lk¡l ysuk
blame – vkjksi yxkuk (accuse) ≠ acquit breathe in – lk¡l ysuk (inhale)
blank – [kkyh breathe out – lk¡l NksM+uk (exhale)
blind – vaèkk breed (N) – uLy
blow – cguk (gok dk) breed (V) – tUe nsuk (bear)
blue – uhyk brick – b±V
board – cksMZ bridge – iqy
boil – mcyuk brief – NksVk] lkjka'k (summary)
bone – gM~Mh briefly – laf{kIr :i ls
Back bone – jh<+ dh gM~Mh@<k¡pk bright – pedhyk
boot – twrk brightly – pedrs gq,
border – lhek brilliant – rh{.k cqf¼ okyk (sharp minded)
bore – Åc tkuk bring – ykuk (Fetch)
boring – ÅckÅ (dull) ≠ interesting bring out – çdV djuk] Li"V djuk] fudkyuk
born – iSnk gqvk bring up – ikyu iks"k.k djuk (rear)
borrow – mèkkj ysuk (take loan) ≠ lend broad – pkSM+k (wide)
both – nksuksa broadcast – çlkfjr djuk
bother – ijs'kku gksuk broadly – foLr`r :i ls
bottom – uhps broken (Adj.) – VwVk gqvk
bound – caèku (restriction) brown – Hkwjk
bowl – dVksjk@dVksjh bubble – cqycqyk
boyfriend – iq#"kfe=k budget (N) – ctV] (Adj.)– lLrk (cheap)
brain – fnekx] efLr"d build – cukuk] fuekZ.k duk ≠ demolish
branch – 'kk[kk building – bekjr
brand – czkaM] Nki] VªsMekdZ build up – fuekZ.k djuk ≠ destroy
brave – cgknqj (valiant) ≠ cowardly/timid bullet – xksyh

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 Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

bunch – xqPNk capacity – {kerk (ability)

burn – tykuk ≠ extinguish (cq>kuk) capital – jktèkkuh] iw¡th
burnt (Adj.) – tyk gqvk capture – idM+uk (hold)] dC”kk djuk ≠ release
burst – iwQV tkuk cardboard – xÙkk] eksVk dkxt
bury – niQukuk care – è;ku j[kuk
bush – >kM+h career – O;olk;] is'kk (occupation)
businessman – O;kikjh care for – ijokg djuk
butter – eD[ku careful – è;kuiwoZd
button (N) – cVu carefully – è;ku ls
button (V) – cVu ls ckaèkuk careless – ykijokg (reckless)
buy – [kjhnuk (purchase) ≠ sell carelessly – ykijokgh ls
buyer – [kjhnnkj carpet – dkyhu
by – }kjk@ls@rd (till) carrot – xktj
bye – fonk djus dk 'kCn carry – <ksuk
cabinet – ea=kky;] vkyekjh carry on – tkjh j[kuk
cable – rkj carry out – iwjk djuk (complete)
calculate – x.kuk djuk case – ekeyk] çdj.k] cDlk
calculation – fxurh cash (N) – udn
call (V) – iqdkjuk] cqykuk (Summon) cash in on (V) – iQk;nk mBkuk (take advantage of)
call (N) – iqdkj cast – isaQduk (Throw), oksV nsuk] ns[kuk] eqLdqjkuk
call for – ek¡x djuk (demand)   (e.g. cast a glance, cast a smile)
call off – jí djuk (cancel) castle – fdyk (fort)
calm (V) – 'kkar djuk] (Adj.) 'kkar (peaceful) catch – idM+uk
calm down – 'kkar djuk catch up – mBk ysuk] idM+ ysuk
calmly – 'kkafr ls category – oxZ] Js.kh
camp – f'kfoj cause – dkj.k
campaign – vfHk;ku cease – jksduk (stop) ≠ continue
can (V) – lduk] fMCck can djuk ceiling – vanj dh Nr
can (N) – fMCck celebrate – eukuk
cancel – fujLr djuk celebration – mRlo
candidate – mEehnokj cell – dksBjh] dksf'kdk
candy – dSaMh] VkWiQh cell phone – eksckby iQksu
cap – Vksih] <Ddu (lid) cent – lkS (hundred)
capable – {kerkoku (able) ≠ incapable central – dsanzh;

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Basic Vocabulary – 4

centre – dasnz ≠ periphery check up on (some body) – lqfuf'pr djuk fd dksbZ

century – 'krd] 'krkCnh lgh dj jgk gS
ceremony – mRlo (Eg.: My parents are always checking up on me.)
certain – dqN] fuf'pr (sure) ≠ uncertain cheek – xky
certainly – fuf'pr rkSj ij cheerful – çlUu (Happy) ≠ unhappy
certificate – çek.ki=k cheerfully – çlUurk ls
chain – Ük`a[kyk (series)] tathj cheese – iuhj
chairman – vè;{k chemical – jlk;ku@jklk;fud inkFkZ
chairwoman – vè;{kk chemist – jlk;u'kkL=kh@vkS"kfèk foØsrk
challenge (N) – 'krZ] (V) – 'krZ yxkuk (bet) chemistry – jlk;u foKku
chamber (N) – d{k cheque – psd@gqaMh
chance (N) – ekSdk (opportunity) chest – lhuk@Nkrh
change (N) – cnyko] (V) – ifjorZu djuk chew – pckuk
channel – pSuy@[kqyh xyh@tyekxZ chicken – eqxhZ
chapter – vè;k; chief – eq[; (Main)
character – ik=k (cast)] pfj=k child – cPpk
characteristic – fo'ks"k y{k.k (Feature) chin – BksM+h@BqM~Mh
charge (N) – vkos'k] dk;ZHkkj] dher] vkjksi chip – VqdM+k
charge (V) – dher ekaxuk] vkjksi yxkuk (blame)] chocolate – pkWdysV
geyk djuk (attack) choice (N) – ilan
charity – lgk;rkFkZ laLFkk] nku dh oLrq] n;k (Kindness) choose (V) – pquuk
charm (N) – vkd"kZ.k (attraction), (V) – vkdf"kZr djuk chop (V) – dkVuk
chase (N) – ihNk] (V) – ihNk djuk (follow) chop down – dkVdj fxjk nsuk
chat (N) – vukSipkfjd ckrphr] (He chopped a tree down)
(V) – ckrphr djuk (converse) chop off – dkVdj vyx dj nsuk
cheap (N) – lLrk] ?kfV;k] vukd"kZd ≠ precious (dherh) (He chopped a branch off the tree)
cheaply (adv.) – lLrs esa church – fxjtk?kj
cheat (N) – èkks[ksckt] (V) – èkks[kk nsuk (deceive) cigarette – flxjsV@èkwez nafMdk
check (N) – ijh{k.k] jksdFkke] oxks± dk iSVuZ circle – o`Ùk@?ksjk
check (V) – fu;af=kr djuk (control) circumstance – ifjfLFkfr
check in/into – gksVy@,;jiksVZ ij vkxeu dh lwpuk nsuk citizen – ukxfjd
check out – tk¡p djuk civil – flfoy@vlSfud@nhokuh
check out of – gksVy NksM+uk claim (N) – nkok] (V) – nkok djuk
check over– fujh{k.k djuk (examine) clap (N) – rkyh, (V) – rkyh ctkuk

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 Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

class – [email protected] (category)@ntkZ coldly (adv.) – #[kkbZ ls@fcuk Lusg ds

classic – mRÑ"V@çkphu dky lacaèkh collapse (N) – fxjkoV@vliQyrk
classroom – d{kk@vè;;u d{k (V) – vpkud fxjuk (fall down)] csgks'k gksuk
clean (adj.) – lkiQ@LoPN] U;k;iw.kZ (fair)] (V) – lkiQ djuk colleague – lg;ksxh@lgdehZ
clean up – lkiQ djuk] dgha ls xanxh gVkuk collect (V) – bdV~Bk djuk (gather)
clear (adj.) – Li"V (vivid) ≠ unclear/ambiguous collection (N) – laxzg
clearly (adv.) – Li"V :i ls colour – jax

clerk – fyfid coloured – jaxhu

clever – prqj column – LraHk

click – nckuk (press) combination (N) – la;kstu@[email protected]

combine (V) – tksM+uk (add)
client – xzkgd@eqofDdy
come across – la;ksx ls feyuk (meet suddenly)
climate – tyok;q
comedy – dkWesMh@gkL; çèkku ukVd
climb – p<+uk ≠ alight (mrjuk)
come from – ls vkuk@mRiUu gksuk
clock – ?kM+h
come of – blls tUe ysuk (take birth)
close (N) – ikl esa (near)] (V) – can djuk ≠ open
come on – mRlkfgr djuk@vk tkvks
closed (adj.) – can
come out – ckgj vkvks@Li"V gksuk
closely (adv.) – fudV ls
come what may (Idm.) – pkgs dqN Hkh gks
closet – dksBjh (cell)
comfort (N) – vkjke (ease)
cloth – diM+k (fcuk flyk gqvk)
comfortable (adj.) – vkjkenk;d (easy) ≠ uncomfortable
clothes – diM+k@iks'kkd
comfortably (adv.) – vkjke ls
clothing – igukok
command – vkns'k (order)
cloud – ckny comment – fVIi.kh
on cloud nine (Idm.) – cgqr [kq'k commercial – O;olkf;d
club – la?k@lHkk@Dyc commission (N) – vk;ksx] vk<+r] nykyh] (V)–vkns'k nsuk
coach – çf'k{kd commit (V) – çfrc¼ gksuk (promise)
coal – dks;yk commitment (N) – çfrc¼rk (promise)
coast – rV@fdukjk committee – lfefr
coat (N) – dksV] (V) – vkoj.k p<+kuk common – lkekU; (general) ≠ uncommon
code (N) – lafgrk] (V) lkadsfrd 'kCnksa esa fy[kuk commonly – vkerkSj ij (generally) ≠ rarely
≠ decode communicate (V) – laokn djuk (talk)
coin – flDdk communication (N) – lapkj] laokn
cold – BaMk commute (V) – vkoktkgh djuk

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Basic Vocabulary – 5
community – leqnk; confined (adj.) – lhfer (limited)
company – laxr@laxBu (organisation) confirm – iqf"V djuk
compare (V) – rqyuk djuk conflict (V) – la?k"kZ djuk] esy u [kkuk] Vdjkuk
comparison (N) – rqyuk@feyku (match) conflict (N) – Vdjko
compel (V) – ckè; djuk] tksj Mkyuk (force) confront (V) – lkeuk djuk (face) ≠ avoid/ignore
compete (N) – çfrLièkkZ djuk@eqdkcyk djuk (contest) confuse (V) – Hkzfer djuk
competition (N) – çfr;ksfxrk
confused (adj.) – ijs'kku
competitive – çfr;ksxh
confusing – Hkzked
compatible – ;ksX; (able)
confusion (N) – my>u
complain (V) – f'kdk;r djuk
congratulate (V) – cèkkbZ nsuk (compliment)
complaint (N) – f'kdk;r
congratulations (N) – cèkkbZ
complete (adj.) – iw.kZ (total), (V) iwjk djuk (achieve)
completely – iwjh rjg congress – lEesyu@çfrfufèk lHkk
completion – iw.kZ djus dh fØ;k connect (V) – tksM+uk (add) ≠ separate
complex – tfVy (intricate/difficult) ≠ easy connected (adj.) – tqM+k gqvk (attached)
complicate (V) – eqf'dy djuk connection – lacaèk (link)
complicated (adj.) – my>k gqvk] eqf'dy conscious – tkx:d@lpsr (alert)
computer – daI;[email protected] consequence – ifj.kke (result)
concentrate (V) – è;ku dsafnzr djuk (focus) ≠ distract conservative – #f<+oknh (orthodox) ≠ open/liberal
concentration (N) – ,dkxzrk consider – fopkj djuk
concept – èkkj.kk@fl¼kar (principle) considerable (adj.) – cgqr cM+k ;k ”;knk (significant)
concern (N) – fpark] (V) fpafrr gksuk (worry) considerably (adv.) – dkiQh ”;knk
concerned (adj.) – fpafrr (worried) ≠ relaxed consideration (N) – fopkj djus dh fØ;k
concerning – ds fo"k; esa
consist – fdlh esa gksuk
concert – laxhr dk;ZØe
consist of – ls cuk gksuk@esa gksuk [This class consists of
conclude – fu"d"kZ fudkyuk
200 chairs. (bl Dykl esa 200 dqflZ;k¡ gSaA)]
conclusion – fu"d"kZ
constant – yxkrkj] tks u cnys
concrete – Bksl (solid)
constantly (adv.) – yxkrkj] fcuk :ds gq, (continuous)
condition – 'krZ
conduct (V) – lapkyu djuk (behave)] (N) O;[email protected] construct (V) – fuekZ.k djuk (build) ≠ destruct
conference – lEesyu construction (N) – fuekZ.k ≠ destruction
confidence – vkRefo'okl consult (V) – feydj r; djuk
confident – vk'oLr ≠ hesitant/diffident consumer (N) – miHkksDrk
confidently (adv.) – vkRefo'okl@fo'okl ds lkFk contact (N) – laidZ] (V) laidZ djuk
confine (V) – lhfer djuk (limit) contain (V) – lekosf'kr gksuk] fu;af=kr djuk (control)

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container (N) – fMCck] èkkrq fufeZr cDlk correctly – Bhd ls

contemporary – ledkyhu (living together), cost (N) – ykxr] ewY;] (V) dher yxkuk
vk/qfud (modern) ≠ traditional cottage (N) – dqfV;k
content (adj.) – larq"V] (N) fo"k; oLrq] (V) larks"k djuk cough – [kk¡lh
council (N) – ifj"kn~
contented (adj.) – larq"V (satisfied) ≠ dissatisfied
count (V) – fxuuk
contest (N) – eqdkcyk] (V) eqdkcyk djuk (compete)
counter (N) – iVy] dkmaVj] (V) çfrfØ;k nsuk
context (N) – lanHkZ] çlax
count on – Hkjkslk djuk (trust)
continent – egk}hi country – ns'k
continue (V) – yxkrkj gksuk ≠ discontinue/stop countryside – xk¡o (village)
continuous (adj.) – fcuk :ds] yxkrkj (incessant) couple (N) – tksM+k] naifÙk] (V) tksM+uk
continuously (adv.) – yxkrkj courage (N) – lkgl ≠ cowardice
contract (N) – vuqcaèk i=k course (N) – ikB~;Øe] Hkkstu esa vyx&vyx nkSj]
contract (V) – fldqM+uk jkLrk (Route)
contrast (N) – varj] (V) varj djuk course of action – fLFkfr ls fuiVus dk rjhdk
court (N) – dksVZ] eSnku] jktnjckj
contribute (V) – ;ksxnku nsuk
cousin – ppsjk HkkbZ&cgu
contribution (N) – ;ksxnku
cover (N) – <duk
control (N) – fu;a=k.k] (V) fu;a=k.k djuk ≠ free
covered (adj.) – <dk gqvk
controlled (adj.) – fu;af=kr ≠ uncontrolled crack – njkj] (V) njkj iM+uk] pqVdqyk lqukuk (crack a joke)
convenient (adj.) – lqfoèkktud craft (N) – gLrf'kYi
convention (N) – çFkk] ifjikVh crafty – pkykd] èkwrZ (cunning) ≠ naive (Hkksyk)
conventional – ikjaifjd ≠ unconventional / bohemian crash (V) – VDdj] daI;wVj dk can gks tkuk
conversation (N) – ckrphr crazy (adj.) – ikxy (mad)] ludh] nhokuk
convert (V) – cnyuk (change) cream – gYdk ihyk jax] eykbZ] loZJs"B O;fDr@lewg

conveyance (N) – xkM+h (Vehicle) create (V) – cukuk] jpuk djuk (make) ≠ destroy
creature – tho (living beings)
convince (V) – le>kuk
credit – mèkkj
cook (V) – [kkuk idkuk] (N) jlksb;k
crime – vijkèk
cool – BaMk] 'kkar] (V) BaMk djuk
criminal – vijkèkh
cool down/off – 'kkar gksuk crisis – ladV
cope (V) – ifjfLFkfr ls fuiVuk crispy – dqjdqjk ≠ (soggy) xhyk] flyk] uje
copy (N) – udy] (V) çfrfyfi cukuk ≠ original criterion – ekinaM (scale)
core (N) – dsanzh; Hkkx critical – uktqd] vkykspukRed
corner – dksuk criticism – vkykspuk
correct – Bhd ≠ incorrect criticize (V) – vkykspuk djuk (find fault with) ≠ praise

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Basic Vocabulary – 6
crop – iQly damp (adj.) – lhyu] ueh ≠ dry
cross – ikj djuk danger (N) – [krjk
cross out – dkVdj gVk nsuk (delete) dangerous (adj.) – [krjukd (hazardous/perilous)
cross roads – pkSjkgk
dare (V) – lkgl djuk
crowd – HkhM+ (rush)
dark (adj.) – vaèksjk
crowded (adj.) – HkhM+ ls Hkjk gqvk
crown – eqdqV data – vk¡dM+k
crucial – egÙoiw.kZ (important) ≠ insignificant date (N) – rkjh[k] (V) – iq#"k@efgyk fe=k ls feyuk
cruel – Øwj] funZ;h (brutal) ≠ kind date back to/date from – rc ls pyk vk jgk gS
crush – dqpyuk (Eg.: Our friendship date back to the late 70s.;
cry – fpYykuk] fpYykdj jksuk It's a law dating from the 17th century)
cultural – lkaLÑfrd daughter – iq=kh
culture – laLÑfr
dead (adj.) – e`r ≠ alive
cupboard – vkyekjh
deaf – cgjk
curb (V) – fu;af=kr djuk] (Control/Check/Restrain)
deal (N) – le>kSrk] (V) O;ogkj djuk
cure (N) – bykt] (V)& bykt djuk
curable – ftldk bykt gks lds ≠ (Incurable – ykbykt) deal in – oLrq dk O;kikj djuk
curious – mRlqd@ftKklq (inquisitive) deal with – O;fDr ds lkFk O;kikj@O;ogkj djuk
curiously – mRlqdrk ls dear – I;kjk] eg¡xk
curl (V) – xksykbZ esa ?kweuk] NYyk cukuk] (N)-?kq¡?kjkys cky death – e`R;q (demise) ≠ birth
curl up – fldqM+ dj cSBuk
debate – cgl
curly (adj.) – ?kq¡?kjkyk
debt – dtZ
current – orZekudkyhu (present)] çokg] tyèkkjk]
decade – n'kd
fo|qr èkkjk
currently – vktdy] orZeku esa (At present) decay – u"V gksuk@{k; gksuk ≠ grow
curtain – inkZ decide (V) – fu.kZ; ysuk
curve (N) – oØ js[kk] (V) oØkdkj eksM+uk decision (N) – fu.kZ;
curved (adj.) – eqM+k gqvk] ?kqekonkj declare (V) – ?kks"k.kk djuk (announce)
custom – fjokt (Trend)
decline (V) – iru gksuk] fouezrk ds lkFk euk djuk
customs – fjokt] (duty&dj)
decorate (V) – ltkuk
cut down – de djuk (Reduce)] dkVdj fxjkuk
decoration (N) – ltkoV
cut off/out – vyx djuk
cycle – o`Ùk] lkbfdy decorative (adj.) – ltkoVh
cycling – lkbfdy pykuk decrease (V) – de djuk (curtail), ≠ enhance / increase
damage (V) – uqdlku djuk (harm) (N) de djus dh çfØ;k

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deep – xgjk depth – xgjkbZ

deeply – xgjkbZ ls derive (V) – çkIr djuk] mRiUu gksuk (uke ;k 'kCn)
defeat (N) – gkj] (V) gjkuk ≠ lose (gkjuk) describe (V) – o.kZu djuk
defence (N) – j{kk ≠ attack (geyk) description (N) – o.kZu
defend (V) – j{kk djuk (protect) ≠ attack (geyk djuk) desert (N) – jsfxLrku] (V) lkFk NksM+ nsuk (leave)
defensive (Adj.) – j{kkRed (protective) ≠ attacking deserted (adj.) – lqulku] R;kxk gqvk (Abandoned)
define (V) – ifjHkkf"kr djuk dessert (N) – [kkus ds ckn dk Sweet Dish
definite – fuf'fpr (certain) deserve (V) – ;ksX; gksuk (qualify)
definitely – fuf'pr :i ls deserving (Adj.) – ;ksX; ≠ undeserving
definition – ifjHkk"kk design – fMtkbu
degree – mikfèk desire (V) – bPNk gksuk (wish)
delay – nsj djuk] Vkyuk (Postpone / Procrastinate) desperate – vfr xaHkhj] vR;fèkd O;xz
deliberate (V) – fu.kZ; ds igys lkspuk&le>uk desperately – vfr O;xzrk ls
deliberate (Adj.) – tkucw> dj fd;k gqvk (intentional) despite – ds ckotwn (irrespective of)
≠ unintentional
destroy (V) – u"V djuk (spoil) ≠ create
deliberately (Adv.) – tkucw> dj (intentionally)
destruction (N) – rckgh (damage) ≠ construction
delicate – dksey (soft) ≠ hard / harsh
details – C;ksjk
delight – çlUurk (happiness) ≠ sadness
detailed (adj.) – C;ksjs ds lkFk@foLr`r
delighted (adj.) – çlUu ≠ sad
determination (N) – n`<+ fu'p; (firmness)
deliver (V) – forj.k djuk] okns ds vuqlkj dke djuk]
tUe nsuk] Hkk"k.k nsuk determine (V) – r; djuk
delivery – forj.k (distribution)] f'k'kq tUe determined (Adj.) – n`<+ fu'p;h (firm) ≠ flexible
In demand – ek¡x gksuk develop (V) – fodflr gksuk ;k djuk
demand (N) – ek¡x] (V) ek¡x djuk (ask for) development – fodkl (growth)
demonstrate (V) – ç nf'kZr djuk (exhibit) device (V) – ;a=k (tool)] ;qfDr] ;kstuk
≠ hide/conceal (fNikuk) devise (V) – dqN djus dk rjhdk fudkyuk
dentist – nk¡r dk MkWDVj devote (V) – lefiZr djuk (dedicate)
deny – udkjuk] euk djuk (refuse) devoted (adj.) – lefiZr (dedicated)
department – foHkkx devotee – vR;fèkd 'kkSdhu@çseh] HkDr
departure – çLFkku devote yourself to – viuk vR;fèkd le;] ÅtkZ yxkuk
depend (V) – fuHkZj gksuk diagram – fp=k (image)
depend on/upon – fuHkZj gksuk diary – Mk;jh
deposit – tek djuk ≠ withdraw dairy (N) – Ms;jh] nqXèk'kkyk] (Adj.)– nwèk ls cuk
depress (V) – grk'k djuk die (V) – ejuk ≠ live (thuk)
depressed (adj.) – fujk'k (hopeless) ≠ hopeful die away – detksj gksrs gq, ej tkuk
depressing (adj.) – fujk'kktud (sad) die out – yqIr gks tkuk

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Basic Vocabulary – 7
diet – vkgkj] [kqjkd disgust (N) – çcy vfuPNk] ?k`.kk (hatred)
difference – varj] Hksn ≠ similarity ≠ love / affection
different (Adj.) – vyx&vyx ≠ similar disgusted (adj.) – [kh> gksuk
differently (Adv.) – vyx rjg ls disgusting (adj.) – ?k`f.kr (hateful)
difficult (adj.) – dfBu ≠ easy / lucid dish – O;atu] r'rjh
difficulty (N) – dfBukbZ dishonest – csbZeku (fake) ≠ honest
dig (V) – [kksnuk (excavate) dishonestly – csbZekuh ls
digital – vadksa esa n'kkZus okyk dislike (V) – ukilan djuk (detest)
direct – lhèkk] çR;{k] Li"V ≠ indirect dismiss (V) – [kkfjt djuk] ukSdjh ls fudky nsuk (sack)
direction – fn'kkfunsZ'k (instruction) display – çnf'kZr djuk (exhibit) ≠ conceal (fNikuk)
directly (adv.) – lhèkh fn'kk esa] rqjar dissolve – ?kksyuk
director – lapkyd distance – nwjh
dirt (N) – eSy] xanxh] èkwy distinguish – varj djuk (differentiate)
dirty (adj.) – eSyk] xank ≠ clean / neat distribute (V) – ck¡Vuk] forj.k djuk
disabled – viax distribution (N) – forj.k
disadvantage (N) – uqdlku (harm) ≠ advantage disturbing (adj.) – ijs'kku djus okyk
disagree (V) – vlger gksuk ≠ agree divide (V) – ck¡Vuk (bifurcate)] iwQV Mkyuk ≠ unite
disagreement – vlgefr ≠ consensus division (N) – c¡Vokjk] foHkktu
disappear – xk;c gksuk (vanish) ≠ appear divorce – rykd
disappoint (V) – fujk'k djuk (make sad) divorced (adj.) – rykd'kqnk
disappointed (Adj.) – fujk'k (hopeless) ≠ happy document – dkxtkr] nLrkost (Papers)
disappointing (Adj.) – fujk'kkiw.kZ domestic – ?kjsyw (homely)
disappointment (N) – fujk'kk (sadness) ≠ happiness dominate – vfèkd çHkko'kkyh gksuk
disapproval (V) – vLohÑfr dot – fcanq
disapprove – ukilan djuk] vLohÑfr nsuk ≠ Approve double – nqxquk
disaster – fouk'k] rckgh (devastation) doubt (N) – lansg] (V) lansg djuk ≠ trust
discipline – vuq'kklu ≠ indiscipline doubtful (Adj.) – 'kdh (dubious)
discount – NwV ≠ credulous (tYnh Hkjkslk djus okyk)
discover (V) – [kkstuk do up – ckaèkuk (Fasten)
discovery (N) – [kkst [eg. She did up the buttons. mlus cVu yxk;kA]
discuss (V) – fopkj&foe'kZ djuk down – uhps
discussion (N) – fopkj&foe'kZ downstairs – uhps dh vksj ≠ upstairs
disease – jksx (ailment/illness) downward (adj.) – uhps dh vksj vkus okyk ≠ upward
*ailing – chekj downwards (adv.) – uhps dh vksj

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dozen – ntZu earth – i`Foh] feV~Vh (soil)

draft – :ijs[kk] cSad dk MªkÝV ease – vkjke (comfort)
drag (N) – ÅckÅ (boring)] (V) ?klhVuk easy (adj.) – vklku (lucid)
drama (N) – ukVd easily – vklkuh ls
dramatic (adj.) – ukVdh; eastern – iwohZ
dramatically – ukVdh; rjhds ls economic – vkfFkZd] ykHkdkjh
draw (N) – vfu.khZr (undecided)] (V)– [khapuk economy – vFkZO;oLFkk] cpr
drawing – fp=kdkjh economical – fdiQk;rh] feRO;;h (frugal)
drawback – deh (demerit/flaw/fault) ≠ merit (xq.k) ≠ spendthrift / extravagant vfrO;;h
dream (N) – liuk] (V) liuk ns[kuk edge (N) – fdukjk] pkdw dh èkkj
dress (N) – iks'kkd] (V) diM+s iguuk (put on) edition (N) – laLdj.k
dress up – fo'ks"k iks'kkd iguuk editor (N) – laiknd
drink (V) – ihuk] 'kjkc ihuk] (N)– 'kjkc] is; inkFkZ educate (V) – f'kf{kr djuk
drive (N) – dkj }kjk ;k=kk] çcy bPNk (strong desire) educated (adj.) – f'kf{kr (qualified) ≠ uneducated
(V)– dkj pykuk] i'kq gk¡duk education (N) – f'k{kk
drive off (V) – çLFkku djuk (leave) effect (N) – çHkko [Affect (V) – çHkko Mkyuk]
drop (N) – cw¡n] fxjkoV] (V) fxjuk] dke NksM+ nsuk effective (Adj.) – çHkko'kkyh ≠ ineffective
drop-out (N) – chp esa i<+kbZ NksM+us okyk effectively (Adv.) – çHkkoh rjhds ls
drug (N) – vkS"kfèk] u'khyk inkFkZ] (V)– u'ks dh nok nsuk efficient (Adj.) – dk;Zdq'ky ≠ inefficient
drum (N) – <ksy] uxkM+k] Mªe (V)– <ksy ctkuk efficiently (Adv.) – n{krkiwoZd
drunk (adj.) – 'kjkc ih, gq,] (N) 'kjkch effort (N) – ç;kl (Make an effort– ç;kl djuk)
dry (adj.) – lw[kk] mckÅ (Boring), (V)– lq[kkuk either – nks esa ls dksbZ ,d
dryness – lw[kkiu elbow (N)&dksguh
dry up – lw[k tkuk elderly (Adj.) – cqtqxZ lk] o;kso`¼ (aged)
due – cdk;k elect (V) – pquko djuk] fuokZfpr djuk
due to – ds dkj.k (because of) elect (Adj.)& fuokZfpr fdarq vHkh dke ugha dj jgk gS
dump (N) – dwM+k Mkyus dk LFkku] (V) dwM+k Mkyuk] (The president elect)
ihNk NqM+kuk election (N) – pquko] fuokZpu
during – ds nkSjku elected (Adj.) – fuokZfpr
dust – èkwy electric (adj.) – fctyh laca/h
duty – dÙkZO; electricity (N) – fo|qr 'kfDr] fctyh
each – çR;sd electronic – bysDVªkWfud
each other – ,d&nwljs elegant – lqanj (beautiful) ≠ ugly] lgt] lq:fpiw.kZ
early – tYnh ≠ late (stylish)
earn (V) – dekuk ≠ spend element – vYika'k] rRo] vo;o] va'k
earnings – dekbZ (livelihood) elevator – fyÝV (lift)

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Basic Vocabulary – 8
eleventh – X;kjgok¡ entertainer (N) – euksjatu djus okyk
else (adv.) – vkSj dkSu@(N)&ds vykok@vU;] flok; entertaining (adj.) – euksjatd
elsewhere – vkSj dgha] vU;=k entertainment (N) – euksjatu
embarrass – ijs'kkuh esa Mkyuk] (V)&'kfe±nk djuk enthusiasm (N) – tks'k (Zeal)
embarrassed (adj.) – yfTtr] 'kfe±nk enthusiastic (adj.) – tks'khyk (Zealous) ≠ dull
embarrassing (Adj.) – yTtktud enthusiastically (adv.) – tks'k ds lkFk
embarrassment (N) – 'kfe±nxh] yfTtr gksus dk Hkko entire – iwjk (whole)
emerge (V) – fudyuk] çdV gksuk] mHkjdj vkuk (come out) entirely – iwjh rjg ls
emergency – vkikr@(N)&vkikrdky ladVdky entitle – vfèkdkj gksuk (have right)
emotion (N) – Hkkouk (sentiment)] tTck] meax entrance (N) – ços'k }kj] ços'k dk vfèkdkj
emotional (adj.) – Hkkoqd ≠ cruel entry – ços'k }kj] uke 'kkfey djuk
emotionally (adj.) – HkkoukRed <ax ls] Hkkoqd gksdj envelope – fyiQkiQk
emphasis (N) – egÙo] cy] ”kksj envelop (V) – <duk] yisVuk (Cover) ≠ unfold
emphasize (V) – egÙo nsuk] tksj nsuk (force)] cy nsuk environment – okrkoj.k
empire – lkezkT;] çHkqRo environmental – okrkoj.k lacaèkh
employ (V) – jks”kxkj nsuk equal – cjkcj ≠ unequal
employee (N) – ukSdj] dke djus okyk equally – cjkcjh ds lkFk
employer (N) – ekfyd] dke nsus okyk equipment – ;a=k (instrument)
employment (N) – jks”kxkj equivalent (adj.) – cjkcj
empty – [kkyh error – xyrh
enable (V) – ;ksX; cukuk ≠ disable escape – Hkkx tkuk (run away)
encounter (V) – lkeuk djuk (confront) ≠ ignore especially – fo'ks"k:i ls
encourage (V) – mRlkfgr djuk (motivate) ≠ discourage essay – fucaèk
encouragement (N) – çksRlkgu (motivation) essential – vko';d (necessary/vital) ≠ inessential
ending – var essentially – vko';d :i ls
enjoy (V) – vkuafnr gksuk establish – LFkkfir djuk
enjoyable – vkuan ds yk;d estate – laifÙk (Property)
enjoyment (N) – vkuan estimate (V) – ewY;kadu djuk (assess)
enormous – cgqr cM+k@fo'kkydk; (Huge) ≠ tiny estimate (N) – ewY;
enough – cgqr (very) ≠ insufficient etc. – bR;kfn
enquiry (N) – tk¡p (investigation) even (adj.) – le] lery (Adv.)–;gk¡ rd fd@Hkh
enter (V) – ços'k djuk event – ?kVuk
entertain (V) – euksjatu djuk eventually – varr% (Finally)

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ever – ges'kk (always) ≠ never expect (V) – mEehn j[kuk (Hope)

every – çR;sd expectation (N) – mEehn] pkg
everybody/one – çR;sd O;fDr expected (Adj.) – visf{kr
everything – gj ph”k expense (N) – [kpZ] ykxr
everywhere – gj txg ≠ nowhere expensive (adj.) – egaxk] cgqeYw ;] dherh (Costly) ≠ Cheap
evidence – lcwr (proof) experience (V) – vuqHko djuk (N)&vuqHko] rtqckZ] vuqHkwfr
evil – cqjk experienced (adj.) – vuqHkoh ≠ inexperienced
ex. (Prefix) – HkwriwoZ@iwoZ experiment (V) – ijh{k.k djuk] ç;ksx djuk (N)&ç;ksx
exact – ;FkkFkZ (Precise) ≠ inexact expert (N) – fuiq.k] dq'ky] fo'ks"kK (Proficient)
exactly – 'kq¼ :i ls (Precisely) explain (V) – O;Dr djuk] o.kZu djuk
exaggerate (V) – c<+k&p<+k dj dguk (overstate) explanation (N) – Li"Vhdj.k] O;k[;k
exaggerated (Adj.) – c<+k&p<+k dj of.kZr explode (V) – HkM+d tkuk] foLiQksV gksuk] u"V djuk
exam – ijh{kk explore (V) – [kkst djuk] vUos"k.k djuk
examination – ijh{kk explosion (N) – foLiQksV] vpkud o`f¼] èkekdk
examine (V) – ijh{k.k djuk (check) export (V) – fu;kZr djuk (N)&fu;kZr
expose (V) – fn[kkuk] çdV djuk (Reveal) ≠ hide
example – mnkgj.k
express (V) – tkfgj djuk] crkuk] O;Dr djuk (tell)
excellent – vR;qÙke] mRÑ"V (outstanding)] vuks[kk
expression (N)&gkoHkko] b'kkjk
except – NksM+dj (besides)] vykok
extend (V) – c<+kuk] iSQykuk (spread)
exception – viokn
extension – foLrkj] çlkj
exchange – vnyk&cnyh
extensive (adj.) – cgqr cM+k] O;kid] foLr`r (very big)
excite (V) – mÙksftr djuk
extent (N) – gn] lhek (limitation)
excited (adj.) – mÙksftr (Thrilled)
extra (N) – vfrfjDr] (Adj.)&vfèkd
excitement (N) – mÙkstuk
extraordinary (adj.) – vuks[kh@vlkèkkj.k
exciting (Adj.) – jksekapd (Thrilling)
extreme (adj.) – vfèkdre
exclude – fudkyuk] oftZr djuk] NksM+uk ≠ include]
extremist – vfroknh
excluding (Prep.) – NksMd
+ j] ds fcuk (Without) ≠ including
extremely (adv.) – vR;fèkd
excuse (N) – cgkuk] (V)& {kek djuk
face (N) – psgjk] lEeq[k Hkkx] (V)–lkeuk djuk (confront)
executive – çcaèkdkfj.kh@(N) vfèk'kklh] dk;Zdkjh ≠ ignore
exercise (V) – O;k;ke djuk] çf'k{k.k nsuk] facility (N) – lqfoèkk
vH;kl djuk (Practise) fact (N) – rF;
exhibit (V) – fn[kkuk] çn'kZu djuk (display) ≠ hide factor (N) – dkjd
exhibition (N) – çn'kZuh fail (V) – isQy gksuk] (N) – ijh{kk esa vliQyrk
exist (V) – vfLrRo gksuk] thfor jguk (Live) failure (N) – vliQyrk] ukdke;kch
existence (N) – vfLrRo] lÙkk] thou] ekStnw xh (Presence) faint (adj.) – èkqaèkyk] vLi"V (unclear)]
exit (V) – cfgxZeu] (N)– fudkl }kj] xeu] çLFkku ≠ entry (V) – csgks'k gks tkuk (feel unconscious)
expand (V) – foLrkj djuk] iSQy tkuk (spread) ≠ compress faintly (adv.) – vLi"V :i ls

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Basic Vocabulary – 9
fair (adj.) – lgh] mfpr] vPNk] xksjk jax] U;k;iw.kZ (Just) fever – cq[kkj
≠ unfair, (N) – esyk] cM+h çn'kZuh few – FkksM+k (u ds cjkcj) (Negligible)
fairly (adv.) – U;k;iw.kZ rjhds ls field – iQhYM] eSnku
faith (N) – Hkjkslk] er (belief)] vkLFkk fiftieth – ipklok¡
faithful (adj.) – fu"Bkoku (loyal) fight (V) – yM+uk] (N) yM+kbZ
faithfully (adv.) – oiQknkjh ls fighting – yM+kbZ
fall (V) – fxjuk] de gksuk (Decrease), (N)– fxjkoV] deh figure (N) – la[;k] egÙoiw.kZ O;fDr] L=kh 'kjhj dh vkÑfr
false (adj.) – xyr] udyh] Ñf=ke (artificial) ≠ Natural [Physique–iq#"k 'kjhj dh vkÑfr]
fame (N) – ;'k] çflf¼ (glory) figure out (V) – gy fudky ysuk
familiar (adj.) – ifjfpr (known) file (N) – iQkby] (V)– eqdnek nk;j djuk] fdlh oLrq
fan (N) – ç'kald (admirer) ≠ critic, ia[kk] dks dkVdj 'kDy nsuk ;k fpduk djuk
(V) – ia[kk djuk] vkx HkM+dkuk [Nail-filer – Nail dk Shape Bhd djus dk vkStkj]
fancy – dYiuk (imagination, fantasy) fill (V) – Hkjuk ≠ vacate ([kkyh djuk)
fantasise (V) – dYiuk djuk (imagine) fill in/up – Hkjuk
far – nwj (away) ≠ near film (N) – fiQYe] ijr (coating)] (V) – fiQYe cukuk
farm (N) – [ksr (field)] (V) – [ksrh djuk final – vafre (last), fu.kkZ;d
farmer – fdlku (peasant) finalise (V) – ;kstukvksa dks vafre :i nsuk
farming – [ksrh finally (Adv.) – varr%@var esa (eventually)
farther – nwjh ij finance (N) – èku (property)] (V) – èku nsuk (fund)
fast (adj.) – rs”k] (N) – ozr] (V) – ozr djuk financial (Adv.) – foÙkh;
fasten (V) – dldj ck¡èkuk (tie), tksM+uk ≠ loose find (V) – ikuk (get)
fault (N) – nks"k] deh (flaw) find out – <w¡<+uk (search)
favour (N) – lgk;rk (help)] (V)– vfèkd ilan djuk fine (Adj.) – Bhd] lkiQ ekSle] ckjhd (very small) ]
favourite (adj.) – ilanhnk (V) – Fine yxkuk] (N) – tq e kZ u k
fear – Mj (Penalty)
feather – ia[k finely (Adv.) – ckjhdh ls
feature – y{k.k (characteristic) finish (V) – lekIr djuk (end) ≠ commence
federal (adj.) – la?kkRed finished (Adj.) – [kRe] iw.kZ (complete)
fee – 'kqYd finish off (V) – fdlh dks ekj Mkyuk
feel (V) – eglwl djuk fire (N) – vkx] xksyhckjh] (V) – xksyhckjh djuk]
feeling (N) – Hkkouk (emotion) ukSdjh ls fudkyuk (sack)
fellow (N) – lkFkh] O;fDr (person) firm (Adj.) – n`<+ (determined)] dM+k ≠ flexible
fence – pkjnhokjh (boundary) firmly (Adv.) – n`<+rk ls
festival – R;ksgkj fit (Adj.) – â"V&iq"V] mi;qDr (suitable)] (N) – nkSjk]
fetch (V) – ykuk (bring) (V) – mfpr gksuk@cukuk

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fix (V) – fuf'pr djuk forgive (V) – {kek djuk

fixed (Adj.) – igys ls fuf'pr@LFkk;h (stable) fork (N) – [kkus ds fy;s dkaVk@iQksdZ
flag – >aMk form (N) – vkdkj] :i] vPNk çn'kZu]
flame (N) – Tokyk] yiV (V) – vfLrRo esa vkuk
flash (N) – rs”k çdk'k (light)] (V) – rs”k jks'kuh fn[kkuk formal (Adj.) – vkSipkfjd] vfèkdkfjd :i ls
flat (Adv.) – likV] lery (even)] (N) – gok ds fcuk Vk;j formally (Adv.) – vkSipkfjd :i ls
former – igys okyk] HkwriwoZ (ex)
flavour (N) – Lokn (taste)] (V) – tk;dsnkj cukuk
formerly (Adv.) – vc ls igys
flesh (N) – ekal] iQy dk xwnk
formula – iQkewZyk] lw=k
flight – mM+ku] foeku
fortieth – pkyhlok¡
float – ikuh ij cguk] cguk
fortune (N) – lEifÙk (wealth), HkkX; (luck) ≠ misfortune
flood (N) – ck<+ (deluge)] (V) – ck<+ vkuk] fopkj Hkj tkuk
forward – vkxs
floor – iQ'kZ ≠ ceiling found (V) – uhao j[kuk] (Find dk V2 / V3)
flour – vkVk foundation (N) – uhao (Base)
flow (N) – cgko] (V) – cguk frame – izsQe] <+k¡pk
fly (N) – eD[kh] (V) – mM+uk] mM+kuk free – vk”kkn (independent)] eqDr ≠ slave
focus (N) – è;ku] (V) – è;ku yxkuk (concentrate) freedom – vk”kknh
 ≠ distract freely – vk”kknh ls
fold (N) – rg] (V) – rg yxkuk freeze (V) – te tkuk
folding (Adj.) – eksM+us ;ksX; frequent (Adj.) – ckj&ckj gksus okyk
follow (V) – ihNk djuk (chase)] udy djuk (copy)] frequently (Adv.) – ckj&ckj ≠ rarely
vuqlj.k djuk (imitate) fresh – rk”kk ≠ stale (cklh)
following (Adj.) – fuEufyf[kr] (Prep.)– ds ckn fridge – fizQ”k
follow up (N) – ;kstuk dh dk;Zokgh friendly (Adj.) – fe=krkiwoZd ≠ inimical
food (N) – Hkkstu [feed (V) – f[kykuk] isV Hkjuk] friendship (N) – fe=krk (amity) ≠ enmity
foot (N) – iSj] oLrq dk ryok] Foot the bill (IDM) – frighten (V) – Mjkuk
Hkqxrku djuk (Pay) frightened (Adj.) – Mjk gqvk
frightening (Adj.) – Mjkouk
(eSa fcy ns nw¡xkA&I will foot the bill.)
from (Prep.) – ls
for – ds fy;s] rd] D;ksafd] ls
front – lkeus ≠ back
force (N) – cy] çHkko]
frozen (Adj.) – tek gqvk
(V) – cy nsuk] etcwj djuk (compel) fry (V) – ryuk
forecast (N) – Hkfo";ok.kh] fuel – b±èku
(V) – Hkfo";ok.kh djuk (foretell) full – Hkjk gqvk ≠ empty
foreign (Adj.) – fons'kh] ckgjh ≠ native / indigenous fully (Adv.) – iwjh rjg ls
forest (N) – taxy fun – etkd] eLrh
forever (Adv.) – ges'kk ds fy;s ≠ never function – dk;Z
forget (V) – Hkwy tkuk] NwV tkuk fund (N) – iaQM] èkujkf'k, (V) – èku nsuk

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Basic Vocabulary – 10
fundamental – ekSfyd (basic) get off/down – mrjuk (alight) (dkj vkfn ls)
funeral – vafre laLdkj (last rites) get in/into – dkj vkfn esa cSBuk (board) (He got into the car.)
funny (Adj.) – etkfd;k (Humorous) ≠ serious get on – fey dj jguk
furniture – iQuhZpj get over – mcj tkuk (Overcome)
further – vkxs get around/about – 1. txg&txg iQSyuk (spread)
future – Hkfo"; 2. b/j&m/j tkuk (Move here and there)
(1. News soon got around that he had resigned;
gain (V) – çkIr djuk (get) ≠ lose
2. She gets around with the help of a stick.)
gamble (V) – tqvk [ksyuk
get up – mBuk (I get up at 4 o'clock daily.)
gambling (N) – tqvk
giant – fo'kky (huge) ≠ small / tiny
game (N) – [ksy] (Adj.) – (Ready) rS;kj
gift – migkj (present)] (V) – migkj nsuk
gap – [kkyh LFkku (blank) give away – migkj Lo:i nsuk
garage – xSjst give back – okil nsuk
garbage – dwM+k&djdV give up – NksM+uk@R;kx nsuk (leave) ≠ retain
garden (N) – cxhpk, (V) – ckxokuh djuk glad – çlUu (happy) ≠ sorrowful
gate – njoktk glass – dk¡p] Xykl
gather (V) – bdV~Bk djuk (collect) glasses – p'ek (spectacles)
general (Adj.) – lkekU; global – oSf'od (Universal) ≠ local
generally (Adv.) – lkekU;r;k glove – nLrkuk
generate (V) – mRiUu djuk (produce) glue – xksan (gum)
generation (N) – ih<+h go (V) – tkuk] (N) – turn (pky)] try – (ç;kl)
generous (Adj.) – mnkj (kind) ≠ mean (I will do it at a go.)–,d ckj esa
generously – mnkjrk ls go ahead – vkxs c<+uk (proceed)
gentle (Adj.) – lkSE;] 'kkar (Calm), gYdk goal – y{; (target)
gentleman (N) – lTtu go around/about – dk;Z djrs jguk@O;Lr jguk
(Despite the terrorist attack people went about
gently – èkhjs ls (softly)
their business as usual.)
genuine – okLrfod (Authentic)
go by – chruk (to pass) (Three weeks went by.)
genuinely – lgh ek;us esa gold – lksuk
get – çkIr djuk good (Adj.) – vPNk] (N) – ykHk (advantage)
get away from – nwj gksuk] Hkkx tkuk goodbye – vyfonk
(The thieves got away from the prison.) goods – lkeku (Things)
get away with – naM ls cp tkuk] lgh lyker NwV tkuk go off – LFkku NksM+uk [She went off to get a drink.]
(He was lucky to get away with only a fine.) go on – tkjh j[kuk (continue)
get back – ihNs gVuk] okil ykSVuk go on doing – dke djrs jguk

(When did you get back last night?) go through – è;ku ls i<+uk (read)] lguk (tolerate)] xqtjuk

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govern (V) – 'kklu djuk (control) hair – cky

government – ljdkj hairdresser – ukbZ (Barber)
governor – jkT;iky hall – cM+k dejk] fo'kky d{k
go without – oafpr jguk (deprived) hammer – gFkkSM+k
grab – yiduk] dlds idM+uk (hold) handle (V)– laHkkyuk] fu;af=kr djuk (tackle), (N)– gSaMy
grade – oxZ] Js.kh (category) hand over – lkSaiuk (give)
gradual (Adj.) – èkhek (slow) ≠ rapid hang – yVduk@yVdkuk
gradually (Adv.) – èkhjs&èkhjs ≠ rapidly happen – gksuk (occur)
grain – vukt happily – vkuan ls
gram – puk happiness – [kq'kh
grammar – O;kdj.k happy – [kq'k (delighted)
grand – cM+k] 'kkunkj (superb/splendid) hard – dBksj
grandchild – iksrk@iksrh hardly – eqf'dy ls@u ds cjkcj (No/negligible)
granddaughter – iksrh harm – uqdlku ≠ advantage
grandparent – nknk&nknh@ukuk&ukuh harmful – uqdlku igq¡pkus okyk ≠ Advantageous
grandson – iksrk harmless – uqdlkujfgr
grant (N) – vuqnku] (V) – çnku djuk (give) ≠ take hate – ?k`.kk djuk (dislike) ≠ love
grass – ?kkl hatred – ?k`.kk
grateful – vkHkkjh (Thankful) have to – djuk gS@djuk iM+rk gS
grave – xaHkhj (sad and serious)] dcz (Tomb) head – flj] eq[; (chief)
gravely – xaHkhjrk ls headache – ljnnZ
greatly (Adv.) – cgqr vPNs ls heal (V)– LoLFk gksuk] ?kko Hkjuk (recover) ≠ deteriorate
green – gjk health – LokLF;
grey – xzs@LysVh healthy – LoLFk@fujksxh
grocery – fdjkuk hear – lquuk
grow – c<+uk (develop)] mxuk hearing – lquokbZ
growth – o`f¼ (development) ≠ decline heart – fny
grow up – cM+s gksuk heat – xehZ
guarantee – xkjaVh heat up – xeZ djuk
guard – j{kd heaven – LoxZ (Paradise)
guess – vuqeku yxkuk (conjecture) heavily (Adv.) – Hkkjhiu ls] ”;knk
guest – esgeku heavy (Adj.) – Hkkjh (bulky)
guide – ekxZn'kZd heel – ,M+h
guilty – nks"kh ≠ innocent height – Å¡pkbZ
guy – iq#"k] O;fDr hell – ujd ≠ paradise / heaven
habit – vknr help (N) – enn] (V) – enn djuk (support/assist)

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Basic Vocabulary – 11
helpful (Adj.) – mi;ksxh ≠ useless/worthless honour – lEeku] vknj (respect)
help out – enn djuk hook – gqd
hence – vr%] bl otg ls (So/Therefore) hope – vk'kk (expectation)
hers – mldk] mldh horizontal – {kSfrt ≠ vertical
herself – og] Lo;a horror – Mjkouk (frightening)
hesitate – ladksp djuk host – estcku ≠ guest
hide – fNikuk (conceal) ≠ disclose hot – xeZ
high – Å¡pk hotel – gksVy
highlight (N) – eq[; vkd"kZ.k] eq[; ckrsa (main points) hour – ?kaVk
highlight (V) – tksj nsuk (emphasize) household – x`gLFkh] ?kjsyw (Domestic)
highly – vR;fèkd housing – vkokl
highway – jktekxZ] jktiFk however – rFkkfi] fiQj Hkh
hill – igkM+] igkM+h huge – fo'kky] cM+k (very big) ≠ small/tiny
him – mls human – ekuo
himself – og] Loa; humorous – gkL;iw.kZ (funny)] jl ysus okyk
hip – dej] furac humour – g¡lh&etkd (fun)
hire – fdjk;s ij ysuk hundredth – lkSoka
hire out – fdjk;s ij ysuk hungry – Hkw[kk
[Historic–egÙoiw.kZ (important)] historical – ,sfrgkfld hunt (V) – f'kdkj djuk (Prey)
hit – ekjuk] pksV igq¡pkuk (hurt) hurry – tYnh djuk (In a hurry – tYnh esa)
hobby – 'kkSd hurry up – tYnh djuk
hold (N) – idM+ (grip)] V–nck, j[kuk] idM+uk hurt (V) – pksV igqp
¡ kuk] (Adj.) pksV yxk gqvk@pksfVy] vkgr
hold back – fodkl ;k xfr jksduk idea – fopkj (Notion)] ;kstuk
(The police were unable to hold back the crowd.) ideal – vkn'kZ
hold on – #dks] bar”kkj djuk Idle–fudEek
(Hold on! It is not the right way.) identify (V) – igpku djuk (Recognize)
hold out – (last) & pyuk identity (N) – igpku (Recognition)
(We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out) i.e. – tSls] mnkgj.k (From latin id est)
hole – fNnz if – ;fn] vxj
holiday – NqV~Vh dk fnu ignore – u”kj vankt djuk
hollow – [[kks[kyk (empty space) ≠ solid (Bksl)]] ill – chekj
èk¡lk gqvk (eg. Hollow eyes/cheeks) illegal – voSèk (illicit) ≠ legal
holy – ifo=k (sacred) ≠ profane/impure illegally – voSèk :i ls ≠ legally
honestly – bZekunkjh ls illness – jksx] chekjh (disease)

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illustrate – mnkgj.k nsuk] mnkgj.k nsdj Li"V djuk indeed – okLro esa (really)
image – Nfo] ewfrZ] çfrek (statue) independence – vk”kknh] Lora=krk
imaginary – dkYifud independent – Lora=k (free) ≠ dependent
imagination – dYiuk (fancy) independently – Lora=k :i ls
imagine – dYiuk djuk index – lwph] lwph cukuk
immediate (Adj.) – rqjar] rRdky (Prompt) indicate – ladsr djuk

immediately (Adv.) – rqjar (quickly)] iQkSju indication – ladsr

immoral – vuSfrd (unethical) ≠ moral/ethical indirect – vçR;{k

impact – çHkko (effect) indirectly – ijks{k@vçR;{k :i ls

impatient – csrkc] cslcz ≠ patient (èkS;Zoku) individual – O;fDrxr (personal)] O;fDrxr :i ls] vdsyk

implication – vk'k;] lacaèk indoor – ?kj ds vanj ≠ outdoor

industrial – vkS|ksfxd
imply (V) – vFkZ fudkyuk] ladsr djuk (suggest)
industry – m|ksx] ifjJe (Hard work)
import – vk;kr ≠ export
inevitable (Adj.) – vifjgk;Z] vfuok;Z (necessary)
importance – egÙo
inevitably (Adv.) – vfuok;Z :i ls
important – egÙoiw.kZ] ”k:jh ≠ unimportant
infect – laØfer gksuk
importantly – egÙoiw.kZ :i ls
infected – laØfer
impose – Fkksiuk (force)
infection – laØe.k
impress – çHkkfor djuk
infectious – laØked
impressed (Adj.)– çHkkfor (influenced)
influence – çHkko (effect)
impression – çHkko] Nki
inform – lwfpr djuk
impressive – çHkko'kkyh ≠ unimpressive
informal – vukSipkfjd (casual) ≠ formal
improve – lqèkkjuk (Refine, enrich) information – tkudkjh
improvement – lqèkkj] la'kksèku ingredient – ?kVd] la?kVd (component)
inability – v{kerk] vleFkZrk ≠ ability initial – çkjafHkd
inch – bap initially – 'kq: esa
incident – ?kVuk initiative – igy (New Plan)
include – 'kkfey djuk ≠ exclude injure (V) – pksV igq¡puk (hurt)
including – lfgr] lesr injured (Adj.) – ?kk;y (Wounded)
income – vk;] vkenuh injury (N) – ?kko (Wound)
increase – c<+uk] c<+kuk (enhance) ≠ decrease/curtail ink – L;kgh
increasingly – rs”kh ls] c<+rk gqvk inner – Hkhrjh ≠ outer

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Basic Vocabulary – 12
innocent – eklwe@csdlwj ≠ guilty (nks"kh) interval – varjky
insect – dhM+k] dhV interview – lk{kkRdkj
insert – lfEefyr djuk introduce – ifjp; djkuk
inside – vanj dh vksj ≠ outside introduction – ifjp;
insist – tksj nsuk (force) invent – vkfo"dkj djuk
insist on – fdlh ckr ij tksj nsuk invention – vkfo"dkj
insist on doing – djus ij tksj nsuk invest – fuos'k djuk
install – laLFkkiuk djuk] baLVkWy djuk investment (N) – fuos'k
instance – mnkgj.k (example) investigate (V) – Nku&chu djuk (look into)
instead of – ds LFkku ij (in place of) investigation (N) – tk¡p&iM+rky
institute – laLFkku invitation ( N)– fuea=k.k
institution – laLFkk invite (V) – vkeaf=kr djuk
instruction – vuqns'k] funsZ'k involve (V) – 'kkfey djuk
involved (Adj.) – 'kkfey] lfEefyr
instrument – ;a=k] vkStkj] gfFk;kj
involvement (N) – Hkkxhnkjh
insult (N) – csbTtrh] vieku]
iron – yksgk
(V)–vieku djuk (humiliate) ≠ respect
irritate (V) – fp<+kuk (Annoy) ≠ please ([kq'k djuk)
insulting – csbTtrh djkus okyk (humiliating)
irritated (Adj.) – [khtk gqvk
insurance – chek
irritating (Adj.) – f[ktkusokyk
intelligence – cqf¼eÙkk (wit)
island – }hi
intelligent – cqf¼eku (wise) ≠ dull/moron (eancqf¼)
issue (N) – eqn~nk] (V)– nsuk (give)] tkjh djuk
intend (V) – bjknk djuk (wish)
item – ,d oLrq (object/article)] ux
intended (Adj.) – bjknk fd;k gqvk] visf{kr
itself – vius vki
intention (N) – bjknk jacket – tSdsV
interest – C;kt] :fp jam – eqjCck] vojksèk
interested – :fp gksuk jealous – tyuk (envious)
interesting – fnypLi ≠ Dull/Boring jelly – eqjCck
interior – vkarfjd jewellery – vkHkw"k.k
internal – vanj dk job – dke
international – varjkZ"Vªh; join – 'kkfey gksuk
Internet – baVjusV joint – tqM+k gqvk (attached) ≠ detached
interpret – O;k[;k djuk] le>uk (understand) jointly – la;qDr :i ls
interpretation – foospu joke – e”kkd] pqVdqyk] (V) – pqVdqyk lqukuk
interrupt – ckèkk igq¡pkuk (obstruct) journalist – i=kdkj
interruption – O;oèkku (obstruction) journey – ;k=kk

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joy – vkuan] lq[k knowledge – Kku (cognizance) ≠ ignorance (vKkurk)

judge (N) – U;k;kèkh'k] (V) r; djuk] jk; cukuk label – uke] i=k] ipkZ] yscy
judgement – fu.kZ; (verdict) laboratory – ijh{k.k'kkyk
juice – jl labour – etnwj
junior – dfu"B] vk;q esa NksVk ≠ senior lack – deh (for want of)/scarcity
just – vHkh] (Adj.) – U;k;iw.kZ (fair) ≠ unjust lacking – deh gksuk
justice (N) – U;k; lady – efgyk (woman)
justified (Adj.) – U;k;laxr lake – >hy
justify (V) – vkSfpR; lkfcr djuk] liQkbZ nsuk lamp – ySai] nhid
keen – bPNqd (interested) ≠ uninterested land – Hkwfe] tehu
keep – j[kuk landscape – ifjn`';
keep out – nwj jguk lane – xyh (street)
keep out of – ls ckgj j[kuk language – Hkk"kk
keep up – cuk, j[kuk (maintain)] fxjus ls jksduk large – cM+k ≠ small
key – pkch largely – dkiQh gn rd
keyboard – dqathiVy last – vafre@fiNyk
kick (V) – ykr ;k Bksdj ekjuk] late – nsj ls
(N)–vR;fèkd çlUurk] jksekap dk Hkko (Thrill) later – ckn esa
kid – cPpk latest – uohure
kill – ekjuk ≠ save latter – nwljk@ckn okyk
killing – gR;k laugh – galuk
kilogram – fdyksxzke laugh at – fdlh ij galuk
kilometre – fdyksehVj launch – ç{ksi.k
kind – esgjcku] n;kyq (generous) ≠ unkind/cruel lawyer – odhy (Advocate)
kindly – Ñi;k (Please) lay – j[kuk (put)
kindness – n;kyqrk (generosity) ≠ brutality layer – ijr
king – jktk lazy – lqLr (lethargic/slow)
knee – ?kqVuk lead – vkxs ys tkuk@usr`Ro djuk
knife – pkdw leader – usrk
knit – cquuk (weave) leading (Adj.) – vxz.kh] loksZÙke
knitted – cquk gqvk leaf – iÙkh] iUuk (sheet)
knock at – nLrd nsuk lean – nqcyk] iryk (thin)
knock down – ekj fxjkuk learn – lh[kuk] jVuk
knock out – ihVuk@ckgj gks tkuk least – U;wure
knock against – Vdjkuk leave (N) – NqV~Vh] (V)– NksM+ nsuk
knot – xkaB (tie) leave out (V) – NksM+ nsuk
know – tkuuk lecture – O;k[;ku] Mk¡V@vkykspuk

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Basic Vocabulary – 13
left – ck;k¡ ≠ right] ckdh (rest)] okeiaFkh lively – ftankfny (vivacious)
leg – Vk¡x] est ;k dqlhZ dk ik;k live on – vfLrRo esa jguk (exist)
legal – dkuwuh] oSèk ≠ illegal/illicit live on something – dqN [kkdj thfor jguk
legally – dkuwuh :i ls (Small birds live on insects.)
lemon – uhacw] gYdk ihyk jax live by doing something – dqN djds thou fuokZg djuk
lend – mèkkj nsuk ≠ borrow (mèkkj ysuk) (He lives by fishing.)
length – yackbZ livelihood – vkthfodk
less – de living – thfodk] jgu&lgu] ltho] thfor (alive) ≠ dead
lesson – lcd] ikB load (N) – otu (weight)] cks>] (V) – yknuk
let – gksus nsuk] vuqefr nsuk] fdjk;s ij dejk nsuk loan (N) – dtZ (debt)
let down (V)– fujk'kk djuk local – LFkkuh; (vicinity)] vklikl @ iM+ksl
letter – i=k] v{kj locally – LFkkuh; Lrj ij ≠ globally
level – Lrj] ijr locate – fBdkuk irk yxkuk
lid – <Ddu (cover) located – fLFkr (situated)
lie (V) – >wB cksyuk] ysVuk location – fLFkfr
lie down – ysV tkuk lock (N) – rkyk] (V) – rkyk yxkuk ≠ unlock
lift – mBkuk ≠ fell (fxjkuk) lock up – rkyk yxkuk
light – çdk'k] (Adj.)– gYdk ≠ heavy logic – rdZ
lightly – gYds ls (softly/gently) ≠ harshly logical – rkfdZd ≠ illogical
like (V) – ilan djuk] dh rjg lonely – vdsyk (alone)
likely – laHkor;k (Possibly) ≠ unlikely long – yack] [long for – (V) – rhoz bPNk gksuk (wish)]
limit (V) – lhfer djuk (confine) ≠ free look – ns[kuk
limited (Adj.) – lhfer (restricted) ≠ unlimited look after – ns[kHkky djuk (take care of)
limit to – lhfer gksuk look around – ryk'kuk
link – lacaèk (connection/nexus) look at – è;ku ls ns[kuk
liquid – rjy look down upon – uhpk le>uk (feel inferior)
list – lwph look forward to – vk'kk djuk (hope)
listen – lquuk look into – tk¡p iM+rky djuk (investigate)
literature – lkfgR; look out – pkSdUuk gksuk
little – NksVk] de] FkksM+k look up – [kkstuk
live (V) – jguk (Live and let live – th;ks vkSj thus nks) loose (V) – <hyk djuk ≠ tighten/fasten, (Adj.) – <hyk
(Live from hand to mouth – jkst dekuk rHkh [kkuk] iSls lord – ekfyd] Hkxoku (God)
dh deh gksuk) lorry – Vªd (Truck)
live (Adj.) – ltho lose (V) – [kksuk] gkjuk

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loss (N) – gkfu ≠ profit mark – fpÉ (symbol)

lost – [kks;k gqvk ≠ found market – ck”kkj (Bazaar)
lot – cgqr] HkkX; (luck) marketing – daiuh ds eky dh lsy dks c<+kuk
loud – rst vkokt [Shopping – [kjhnnkjh djuk]
loudly – 'kksj epkrs gq,] fpYykdj marriage (N) – fookg (wedding)
love (N) – çse] (V)– çse djuk ≠ hate married – fookfgr ≠ unmarried
lovely (Adj.) – I;kjk (Dear) marry – fookg djuk
lover – çseh massive – cgqr cM+k (enormous)
low – uhps ≠ up master – ekfyd (owner) ≠ servant
loyal – oiQknkj (faithful) match – eSp] cjkcjh dk tksM+
luck – HkkX; (Fate) matching – vuq:i] esy [kkus okyk
lucky – HkkX;'kkyh ≠ unfortunate mate – lkFkh (fellow)
luggage – ;k=kk dk lkeku material – inkFkZ
lump – <syk] lwtu matter – ekeyk
lunch – nksigj dk Hkkstu maximum – vfèkdre ≠ minimum
lung – isQiQM+k may – lduk (Modal Verb)
machine – ;a=k maybe – 'kk;n (Perhaps)
mad – ikxy (Crazy)] ludh] nhokuk mayor – es;j
magic – tknw (Spell) meal – Hkkstu (food)
mail – Mkd O;oLFkk mean – ekè;] chp
main – eq[; (Chief/Major) ≠ subordinate meaning – vFkZ
mainly – eq[; :i ls means – eryc
maintain – j[k&j[kko djuk (Keep up) meanwhile – bl nkSjku
majority – cgqer measure – eki] (V)–eki djuk
make up – {kfriwfrZ djuk (compensate) measurement – eki] uikbZ
make-up – lkSan;Z çlkèku meat – ek¡l
male – iq#"k medical – nok lacaèkh
man (N) – iq#"k] ekuo tkfr] (V) – fu;af=kr djuk (control) medicine – nokbZ
manage – O;ofLFkr djuk (Arrange) medium – ekè;e
management – O;oLFkk meet – feyuk (see)
manager – O;oLFkkid meeting – cSBd (conference)] lHkk
manner – rjhdk] lH;rk meet with accident – nq?kZVuk gksuk
manufacture – fuekZ.k djuk (make)] (N) – fuekZ.k melt – fi?kyuk
manufacturer – fuekZ.k djus okyk] fuekZrk member – lnL;
map – uD'kk membership – lnL;rk
march (V) – ekpZ djrs gq, vkxs c<+uk (Proceed) memory – ;knnk'r

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Basic Vocabulary – 14
mental – ikxy] ekufld ≠ physical ('kkjhfjd) mirror – 'kh'kk] (V) – ijkofrZr djuk (Reflect)
mentally – ekufld :i ls miss – dqekjh
mentality – ekufldrk (mindset) missing – fdlh dks cgqr ;kn djuk] ykirk
mention (V) – n'kkZuk (show) mistake – xyrh (fault)] (V) – xyrh djuk
menu – Hkkstu lwph mistaken – xyr
mere – ek=k] dsoy (only) mix – feykoV djuk] feykuk (blend/mingle/merge)
merely – dsoy (only) ≠ sagregate (vyx djuk)
mess – xM+cM+] >a>V] Hkkstu d{k (dining hall) mixed – feyk gqvk
message – lans'k mixture – feJ.k (Amalgamation)
metal – èkkrq mix up – feykvks
method – fofèk mobile – lsy@eksckbZy
metre – iSekuk mobile phone – lsy iQksu@eksckbZy iQksu
mid – eè; (middle) model – vkn'kZ (ideal/example)
midday – nksigj (noon) modern – vkèkqfud (contemporary) ≠ Ancient
midnight – v¼Zjkf=k mom – ek¡] ekrk
might – 'kfDr] ijkØe (power), (Mod. verb)–lduk moment – iy (time)
mild – lkSE;] gYdk (light)
monitor (V) – tk¡p djuk (check)
mile – vkèkk dksl] ehy
mood – euksn'kk
military – iQkSt
moral – uSfrd (ethical)
milligram – feyhxzke
morally – uSfrdrk ls
millimetre – feyhehVj
more – ,d ls vfèkd
millionaire – y[kifr (rich)
moreover – vfrfjDr] ds vykok (Apart from)
millionth – nl yk[kok¡
most – vfèkdka'k
mind – cqf¼ [(Don't mind&cqjk er ekuks)
mostly – vfèkdrj
(Mind your language&cn~rehth ls ckr er djks@reht
ls cksyks), (Mind your own business – viuk dke djks)] motion – çLrko] xfr

mine – esjk motor – batu] pky

mineral – [kfut motorbike – ;a=k ls pyus okyh lkbfdy (motorcycle)

minimum – U;wure (least) mount – ioZr
ministry – ea=kky; mountain – igkM+h
minor – NksVk] de egÙoiw.kZ (Not important)] ukckfyx move – pyuk
minority – vYila[;d movement – vkanksyu
minute – ,d {k.k] feuV] cSBd ds fu.kZ;ksa dk fooj.k] movie – fiQYe
lw{e (subtle) moving – pyrh gqbZ

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Mr – Jh nephew – Hkrhtk @ Hkk¡tk

Mrs – Jherh nervous – cspSu
Ms – lqJh nervously – ?kcjkgV ds lkFk
much – vfèkd ≠ less nest – ?kksalyk
mud – dhpM+ net – tky (Web)
multiply – xq.kk djuk network – latky] usVodZ
murder (N) – gR;k] (V) – gR;k djuk (Kill) never – dHkh ugha (seldom) ≠ forever
muscle – ek¡lis'kh nevertheless – fiQj Hkh (even then)
museum – laxzgky; newly – cgqr vfèkd u;k
musical – laxhre; next – vxyk (further) ≠ back
musician – laxhrK next to – ds ikl (Close to)
mysterious – jgLe;@jgL;e;h nice – vPNk
mystery – jgL; nicely – cgqr vPNs ls
nail – uk[kwu niece – Hkrhth @ Hkk¡th
naked – uXu (bare) ninetieth – uCcs ok¡
narrow – ladh.kZ (mean) ≠ broad, iryk nobody – dksbZ ugha (No one)
nation – jk"Vª noise – 'kksj
national – jk"Vªh; noisy – 'kksjxqy
natural – çkÑfrd (Spontaneous) ≠ artificial none – dksbZ ugha (No body)
naturally – çkÑfrd :i ls (spontaneously) nonsense – csdkj] csrqdk
nature – LoHkko nor – ugha
near – ikl (close to) ≠ distant normal – lkekU; (General) ≠ abnormal
nearby – ds ikl esa normally – lkekU;r%] vkerkSj ij (Generally)
nearly – yxHkx (Approximately) northern – mÙkjh] mÙkj esa jgusokyk
neat – LoPN (clean) ≠ dirty/messy note – è;ku] fVIi.kh
neatly – liQkbZ ls (clearly) note down – fy[kuk
necessarily – vko';d :i ls nothing – dqN ugha ≠ everything
necessary – vko';d (Compulsory) ≠ unnecessary notice (N) – psrkouh (warning)] lwpuk] (V)–ns[kuk (see)
neck – xnZu noticeable – ns[kus ;ksX;] mYys[kuh;
need – vko';drk (necessity) novel – miU;kl (fiction)
needle – lqbZ now – vHkh
negative – udkjkRed ≠ positive nowhere – dgha ugha ≠ everywhere
neighbour – iM+kslh nuclear – ukfHkdh;
neighbourhood – iM+ksl (Vicinity) number (N) – vad, (V) – fxurh djuk
neither – nks esa ls dksbZ ugha nurse – lsok djuk] ns[k&js[k djuk

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Basic Vocabulary – 15
nut – uV (cksYV esa yxkus dk)] esok old-fashioned – iqjkus <ax dk
obey – fuHkkuk] ikyu djuk (comply with) ≠ disobey once – ,d ckj
object (N) – oLrq] ph”k (thing)] mís'; (Aim) one another – ,d nwljs ds lkFk
object (V) – euk djuk] badkj djuk (to be against) open (Adj.) – [kqyk] (V)– [kksyuk (disclose) ≠ close
objective (N) – y{;] mís';] (Adj.)–oLrqfu"B opening – mn~?kkVu (inauguration) ≠ closing
≠ subjective openly – [kqys rkSj ij (clearly)
observation – ns[kjs[k] lksp&fopkj open up – njoktk [kksyuk] [kqydj cksyuk
observe – ns[kuk (see carefully) operate – pkyw djuk] lapkfyr djuk (conduct)
obtain – çkIr djuk] ikuk] gkfly djuk (gain) ≠ lose operation – lapkyu] phj&iQkM+
obvious – Li"V (Clear) opinion – jk;] fopkj] lykg (suggestion)
obviously – Li"V :i ls (Clearly) opponent – fojksèkh (rival)] foi{k ≠ allies
occasion (N) – ekSdk, volj opportunity – ekSdk] volj (chance)
occasionally (Adj.) – dHkh&dHkh (Sometimes) oppose – fojksèk djuk (to be against) ≠ favour
occupied – Hkjk gqvk] O;Lr (Busy) opposing – fojksèkh
occupy – dCtk djuk opposite – mYVk] foijhr (contrary)]
occur – ?kfVr gksuk] gksuk (happen) vkeus&lkeus (in front of)
ocean – egklkxj opposition – fojksèkh ny] çfr}a}h
o’clock – cts option – fodYi (alternative)
odd – cstksM, fofp=k (strange) ≠ even or – ;k] vFkok
oddly – vthc rjg ls] vk'p;Ztud :i ls (surprisingly) orange – larjk] ukjaxh
off – lekIr] mnkl order (N) – vkKk, vkns'k] (V) – gqDe nsuk
offence (N) – vieku (insult)] xqukg (crime) ordinary – lkekU; (General)] vkSlru (average)
offend (V) – Bsl igq¡pkuk (hurt) ≠ defend ≠ extraordinary
offensive (Adj.) – viekutud (Insulting), organ – vax] gkeksZfu;e
vfç; (unplesant) ≠ pleasant organization (N) – laxBu
offer (N) – çLrko] HksaV] (V)– HksaV djuk organize (V)– laxfBr gksuk] vk;ksftr djuk] ;kstuk cukuk
office – dk;kZy;] nÝrj organized (adj.)– O;ofLFkr (arranged) ≠ unorganised
officer – vfèkdkjh] viQlj origin – tM+ (Root), 'kq#vkr
official – dk;kZy; lacaèkh original – (vlyh ≠ fake), (ewy] çkjafHkd ≠ latest)
officially – vkfèkdkfjd :i ls] ljdkjh rkSj ls originally – 'kq:&'kq: esa] ewy :i ls
often – vDlj other – vU;] nwljk
oh – vkg otherwise – ugha rks (or/else)
oil – rsy ought to (Mod. Verb) – pkfg;s
OK – Bhd our – gekjk (ours)
old (adj.) – iqjkuk] cw<+k ≠ new out – ckgj ≠ in

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outdoor – ckgj ≠ indoor part – vax] fgLlk] Hkkx

outer – ckgjh ≠ inner (Hkhrjh) particular – [kkl] fof'k"V] fo'ks"k
outline (N) – lkjka'k (summary)] (V)–:ijs[kk@n'kkZuk particularly – [kkl rkSj ij] fo'ks"k :i ls (specially)
(sketch) partly – dqN&dqN] dqN gn rd
output – mRiknu ek=kk (production) ≠ input partner – tksM+k] lg;ksxh] lkFkh
outside – ckgj ≠ inside partnership – lk>snkjh] Hkkxhnkjh
outstanding – viw.kZ] cdk;k (dues), 'kkunkj (superb) party – efgi+Qy] lekjksg
oven – HkV~Vh] ranwj] pwYgk (stove) pass – mÙkh.kZ] (V)& vkxs c<+uk
overall – lHkh] leLr] dqy] laiw.kZ (complete) passage – ekxZ
overcome – dkcw ikuk (win)] ijkftr djuk (defeat) pass away (V) – fuèku gksuk (die)] lekIr gksuk
≠ lose pass by – xqtjuk] vkxs c<+uk
owe – vkHkkjh gksuk] dtZnkj gksuk passenger – jkgxhj] ;k=kh
own – viukuk] Lohdkj djuk (accept) ≠ disown pass on – vkxs c<+uk] xqtj tkuk
owner – ekfyd pass out – csgks'k gks tkuk (faint)
pace – xfr (speed)] dne] çxfr passport – ikliksVZ
pack – cksfj;k&fcLrj ckaèkuk] xBjh cukuk ≠ unpack pass through – xqtjuk
package – iklZy (N), Hkjuk (V) past – vrhr
packaging – lkeku iSd djus dk dk;Z path – ekxZ (way)] iFk
pack up – can djuk] fcxM+uk patience – èkS;Z] èkhjt] rlYyh
page – i`"B patient (N) – ejht] jksxh] (Adj)& /S;Zoku ≠ impatient
paper – dkxt] dkxtkr (documents) pattern – rjhdk] çfr:i
pain – nnZ (Agony) ≠ pleasure pause (N) – Bgjko] (V)& jksduk (Stop) ≠ play
painful – nq%[kn] nq[knk;h ≠ pleasant pay (N) – osru] (V)& Hkqxrku djuk (Foot)
paint (V) – ltkuk] fp=k cukuk] jaxuk] (N)&jax payment – Hkqxrku
painter – fp=kdkj pay out – vnk djuk
painting (N) – fp=kdkjh] fp=k peace – 'kkafr
pair – tksM+k] (V) – tksM+k cukuk peaceful – 'kkafriw.kZ
palace – egy] jktHkou peak – f'k[kj (Summit/Zenith/Ace/Acme/Apex)
pale (Adj.) – ihyk] iQhdk] Fkdk gqvk (tired) penny – iSls
pan – iSu] rok pension – isa'ku
panel (N) – p;ud] Hkkx people – yksx
pants – irywu pepper – fepZ] dkyh fepZ
parallel – leku] lekukarj] le:i per – çfr
parent – ekrk&firk] çkphu ≠ child per cent – çfr'kr (Hundred)
park (N) – cxhpk] ikdZ] (V)–okgu Park djuk perfect – mÙke] iwjk (Complete) ≠ imperfect
parliament – laln perfectly – iwjh rjg ls

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Basic Vocabulary – 16
perform (V) – çn'kZu djuk pile – <sj (mound)
performance – çn'kZu pile up – <sj yxkuk
performer – vfHkusrk pill – xksyh (tablet) ≠ potion (dk<+k)
perhaps – 'kk;n (may be) ≠ surely pilot – tgkt pykus okyk
period – vofèk (Duration) pin – fiu@vkyfiu
permanent – LFkk;h (Stable) ≠ temporary pink – xqykch
permanently – LFkk;h :i ls (forever) pipe – uyh
permission – vuqefr pitch – Lojeku] fip
permit (N) – vuqKk i=k] (V) – vuqefr nsuk pity – n;k (mercy)
person – O;fDr place – txg (site)
personal – O;fDrxr (Individual) ≠ impersonal plain – eSnku
personality – O;fDrRo plan (N) – ;kstuk] (V) – ;kstuk cukuk
personally – O;fDrxr :i ls plane – foeku
persuade – jkth djuk (convince) planet – xzg
pet – ikyrw (tame) ≠ wild planning – ;kstuk
phase – voLFkk (stage) plant – ikSèkk
philosophy – n'kZu plate – Fkkyh
photo – rLohj platform – eap@pcwrjk
photocopy – iQksVksdkWih (xerox) ≠ original pleasant – lq[kn ≠ unpleasant
photograph – iQksVks pleasantly – [kq'kh ls] vkuan ls (happily)
photographer – iQksVks mrkjus okyk please (Exclamation) – Ñi;k (kindly), (V) – [kq'k djuk
pleased – çlUu (happy)
photography – iQksVks [khapus dh dyk
pleasing – euHkkou
phrase – eqgkojk (idiom)
pleasure (N) – [kq'kh (enjoyment)
physical – HkkSfrd@lkalkfjd (Worldly)
plenty (N) – çpqjrk (profusion)
≠ spiritual (vkè;kfRed)
plot (N) – Hkw[kaM] "kM~;a=k (conspiracy),
physically – 'kkjhfjd :i ls
(V)–"kM~;a=k djuk (conspire)
piano – fi;kuks
plug in – Iyx yxkuk
pick (V) – xzqi esa ls pquuk] iwQy@iQy rksM+uk (Pluck),
p.m. – vijkÉ (post meridiem) ≠ a.m.
fdlh pht dks dgha ls vyx djuk] [pick and choose
poem – dfork
– euilan pht pquuk]] [Toothpick–iryh ydM+h
poetry – dforkvksa dk ladyu
ftlls nk¡rksa ds chp i¡Qls gq, inkFkZ dks ckgj fudkyrs
gSaA] (N)–O;fDr ftls pquk x;k gksA (She was his pick point (N) – fcanq] eq[; ckr] n'keyo]
for best actress)] (V)– ladsr djuk (Indicate)
pick up – Mwcrs dks cpkuk] mBk ysuk point of view (idiom) – n`f"Vdks.k (Opinion)
picture – rLohj (image) pointed (Adj.) – uqdhyk ≠ blunt (HkksFkjk@èkkjghu)
piece – VqdM+k point out (V) – b'kkjk djuk (indicate)

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poison (N) – tgj (venom) ≠ elixir (ve`r), (V)–tgj nsuk power – 'kfDr (Authority)
poison ear – dku Hkjuk powerful – 'kfDr'kkyh
poisonous (Adj.) – tgjhyk (venomous) practical – O;ogkfjd (Behavioral) ≠ impractical
police – iqfyl (cop) practically – okLro esa (in reality)
policy – uhfr practice (N) – vH;kl
polish (V) – iksfy'k djuk] pedkuk] fu[kkjuk (refine) practise (V) – vH;kl djuk
polished (Adj.) – mPp Lrj dk] fu[kjk gqvk] pednkj praise (N) – ç'kalk] (V) – ç'kalk djuk (appreciate)
(refined) ≠ criticise
polite (Adj.) – fouez (Modest) ≠ impolite/rude pray (V) – çkFkZuk djuk
politely – f'k"VrkiwoZd (Modestly) ≠ rudely prayer (N) – fourh] çkFkZuk
political – jktuhfrd precise (Adj.) – Bhd] ;FkkFkZ (exact/meticulous)
politically – jktuhfrd :i ls ≠ imprecise/inexact (v'kq¼)
politician – jktuhfrK precisely (Adv.) – 'kq¼ :i ls (exactly)
politics – jktuhfr foKku predict – iwokZuqeku djuk (foretell)
pollution – çnw"k.k prefer (V) – ojh;rk nsuk
poor – xjhc] ?kfV;k] cspkjk (helpless) preference (N) – çkFkfedrk
popular – çfl¼ (noted/famous/well known/renowned) pregnant (Adj.) – xHkZorh] Hkjk gqvk (full of/loaded with)
population – tula[;k ≠ unpopular ≠ empty
port – canjxkg premises – vgkrk] Hkou] ifjlj
pose – eqnzk] <ksax preparation – rS;kjh
position – in] fLFkfr prepare (V) – rS;kj gksuk@djuk
positive – ldkjkRed (optimistic) prepared – rS;kj (ready)
possess (V) – vfèkdkj gksuk] ikl esa gksuk (have) presence (N) – ekStwnxh
possession (N) – vfèkdkj present (Adj.) – orZeku] (V) – HksaV djuk] (N) – migkj
possibility – laHkkouk,¡ presentation – çn'kZu] çLrqrhdj.k
possible – laHkor%]eqefdu ≠ impossible preserve (V) – cpkuk] iwoo
Z r~ j[kuk (conserve) ≠ destroy
possibly – laHkor% (likely) ≠ unlikely press (V) – nckuk] e”kcwj djuk
post (N) – in] (V) – i=k Hkstuk (dispatch) pressure (N) – çHkko] ncko
post office – Mkd[kkuk presumably – laHkor% (possible)
potato – vkyw pretend (V) – cgkuk djuk] fn[kkok djuk
potential – {kerk (capacity) pretty – lqanj (beautiful)
potentially – laHkor%] l'kDr :i ls prevent (V) – jksduk (debar/stop)
pour (V) – mM+syuk] Mkyuk] previous – iwoZ] fiNyk (last) ≠ next/forthcoming
ewlykèkkj ckfj'k gksuk (Rain cats and dogs) previously – igys
[It is pouring = It is raining cats and dogs] ewlykèkkj price – dher] ewY;
ckfj'k gks jgh gSA pride (V) – xoZ djuk] (N) – xkSjo
powder – pw.kZ priest – iqtkjh] iknjh (clergy)] iqjksfgr

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Basic Vocabulary – 17
primarily – eq[;r%] eq[; :i ls (mainly) project – ifj;kstuk
primary – çkFkfed (basic) ≠ advanced promise (N) – ok;nk] opu (commitment/word)
prince – jktdqekj (V) – oknk djuk
princess – jktdqekjh promote (V) – c<+kok nsuk (encourage) ≠ discourage,
principle – fl¼kar çpkj djuk
print – eqnzkadu djuk] eksgj yxkuk promotion – rjDdh] inksUufr ≠ demotion
printer – eqnz.k ;a=k prompt (Adj.) – iqQrhZyk (active/brisk/agile) ≠ slow
printing – laLdj.k] NikbZ promptly – rqjar] iwQrhZ ls (quickly)
print out – eqfnzr vfHkys[k pronounce (V) – lqukuk] mPpkj.k djuk
prior – iwoZorhZ] igys (Before) pronunciation (N) – mPpkj.k (accent)
priority – çkFkfedrk (Preference) proof (N) – çek.k] lcwr (evidence),
prison – dSn [kkuk] tsy (Verb form) – Prove – lkfcr djuk

(Verb form – Imprison) – tsy esa Mkyuk (Put behind bars) proper (Adj.) – Bhd] mfpr (Suitable/Apt/Appropriate)
≠ release ≠ improper
properly (Adv.) – Bhd ls] mfpr <ax ls (Aptly)
prisoner – dSnh] canh (Captive)
property – oSHko] lEifÙk (fortune/wealth)
private – xksiuh;] O;fDrxr (individual)
proportion – vuqikr] lekuqikr
privately – O;fDrxr :i ls
proposal – çLrko] lq>ko (suggestion)
probable (adj.) – laHkkfor (possible)
propose (V) – çLrko j[kuk (suggest)
probably – laHkor;k (likely)
prospect (N) – laHkkouk, iwokZuqeku
problem – leL;k
protect (V) – lqjf{kr djuk (secure)
procedure – çfØ;k] ç.kkyh (process)
protection (N) – j{kk (security)] laj{k.k
proceed (V) – vkxs c<+uk (move on)
protest – fojksèk] (V) – fojksèk djuk (revolt)
process (V) – rS;kj djuk
proud – xoZ] xfjek
produce (V) – mRiUu djuk] (N) – mRikn (Product)
proudly – xoZ ls
producer – fuekZrk] mRiknd
provide (V) – çnku djuk (give/impart) ≠ take
product – mRikn
provided (Conj.) – c'krsZ (if)
production – mRifÙk] mRiknu (output / yield) pub – e;[kkuk] 'kjkc[kkuk
profession – èkaèkk] is'kk (occupation) public (Adj.) – lkoZtfud ≠ private/personal, (N) – turk
professional – O;olk;h] is'ksoj publication – çdk'ku
profit – iQk;nk (Advantage)] equkiQk publicity – çpkj] foKkiu (promotion)
programme (N) – ;kstuk, dk;ZØe (program) publicly – lkoZtfud :i ls] [kqys vke (openly)
programme (V) – dk;ZØe rS;kj djuk publish – tkjh djuk] is'k djuk
progress (N) – mRd"kZ, (V) – çxfr djuk (advance) pull – [khapuk

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pull apart – vyx djuk quality – y{k.k] xq.k (property)

pull down – <gk nsuk] fxjk nsuk (demolish) quantity – ek=kk (Amount)
pull off – liQy gksuk (succeed) [We pulled off the deal.] quarter – pkj VqdM+k (pkSFkkbZ)
pull up – xkM+h jksduk (He pulled up at the traffic lights.) queen – jkuh] othj
pull yourself together – Hkkouk ij dkcw djuk question (N) – ç'u] loky] (V) – ç'u djuk (ask)]
(Stop crying and pull yourself together.) vkifÙk djuk (object)
punch (N) – nckuk] ?kw¡lk] Nsnu ;a=k quick – rqjar] rs”k (Prompt) ≠ slow
(V) – ?kawlk ekjuk@Nsn djuk quickly – rs”kh ls] 'kh?kzrk ls
punish (V) – naM nsuk ≠ reward quiet – 'kkar (calm)
punishment (N) – ltk] naM quietly – 'kkafr ls
pupil – Nk=k] f'k"; (student/disciple)] vk¡[k dh iqryh quit (V) – jksduk (stop)] NksM+ nsuk (leave)
purchase – [kjhnuk (buy) ≠ sell quite – iwjh rjg ls] fcYdqy (completely)
pure – 'kq¼] fueZy (chaste/sacred) ≠ impure quote (V) – m¼`r djuk (cite)] felky nsuk]
purely – iw.kZ :i ls (only/completely/strictly) ykxr dk fooj.k nsuk
purple – cSaxuh (violet) quotation (N) – m¼j.k] nj] dksVs'ku
purpose (N) – mís';] ladYi rain (V) – o"kkZ gksuk] (N) – o"kkZ
pursue – ikus dh dksf'k'k djuk] ihNk djuk (follow/chase) raise (V) – mBkuk] c<+kuk
[She is pursuing a medical career.]
range – ,d çdkj dh fofHkUu oLrq,¡
push – èkdsyuk] èkDdk nsuk] cVu nckuk] fdlh dks etcwj
rank (V) – LFkku ikuk] fo'ks"k Js.kh esa vkuk] (N) – fLFkfr]
djuk (force), (N) – èkDdk
lhek] Ük`a[kyk (chain)
push ahead/forward – tkjh j[kuk (continue)
[The govt. is pushing ahead with its electoral reform.] rapid (Adj.) – rhoz (fast)

push about/around – dM+s 'kCnksa esa vkns'k nsuk (order rapidly (Adv.) – rs”kh ls@tYnh ls (fast)
rudely) rare – nqyZHk (Uncommon)
put off – mrkjuk (take off)] cq>k nsuk] Vkyuk rarely – 'kk;n gh dHkh (Scarcely/barely)
(delay/postpone) rate (V) – ewY;kadu djuk (N) – nj (pace)
put on – iguuk (wear), otu c<+uk (gain weight) raw (N) – dPpk eky (crude)] fcuk idk gqvk @ dPpk
[He put on several kilos.] (Natural)
put up – Bgjkuk] mEehnokj ds :i esa mrkjuk] çnf'kZr re (Prefix) – fiQj ls (again)
djuk (display) [1. We can put you up for the reach – igq¡puk (arrive at)
night. 2. They put him up for club treasurer.]
react – çfrfØ;k nsuk (respond)
put up with – cnkZ'r djuk (tolerate/bear)
[I can't put up with his behaviour.] reaction – çfrfØ;k (response)

qualification – ;ksX;rk read – i<+uk] i<+dj lqukuk

qualified (Adj.) – ;ksX; reader – ikBd

qualify – ;ksX; cuuk read out (V) – i<+dj lqukuk

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Basic Vocabulary – 18
ready (Adj.) – rS;kj (prepared) refrigerator (N) – fizQt
real (Adj.) – okLrfod (actual) ≠ unreal refusal (N) – budkj] vlgefr] vLohdkj ≠ approval
realistic (Adj.) – ;FkkFkZoknh ≠ idealistic refuse (V) – budkj djuk ≠ approve
reality – okLrfodrk (truth) regard (N)– vknj@lEeku (respect), (V)–ekuuk (consider)
realize (V) – eglwl djuk (feel) regarding (Prep.) – ds ckjs esa (in connection with)
really (Adv.) – okLro esa] lgh esa (Actually) region (N) – {ks=k] bykdk (Area)
rear (Adj.) – ihNs okyk] (V)–ikyuk (Look after/bring up) regional (Adj.) – {ks=kh;] çknsf'kd
reason (N) – dkj.k register (N) – jftLVj] (V) – iathdj.k djuk (enrol)
reasonable (Adj.) – mfpr (appropriate) ≠ unreasonable regret (N) – [ksn] (V) – nq[kh gksuk (feel sorry)
reasonably – ;Fkksfpr (appropriately) regular – fu;fer ≠ irregular
recall (V) – ;kn djuk (remember) regularly – fu;fer rkSj ij
receipt – jlhn [‘p’ silent gksrk gSA] regulation – fu;e
receive – çkIr djuk (get) reject (V) – vLohdkj djuk ≠ accept
recent – vHkh&vHkh (current) relate (V) – lacafèkr djuk@gksuk
recently – gky gh esa (lately/of late) related (Adj.)– lacafèkr
reception – Lokxr relationship – fj'rsnkjh
reckon (V) – le>uk] ekuuk (think)] relative – fj'rsnkj
fxuuk] fglkc yxkuk (calculate) relatively (Adv.) – vis{kkÑr
recognition – igpku respectively – Øe'k%
recognize (V) – igpku djuk relax (V) – vkjke djuk
recommend – fliQkfj'k djuk relaxed – rukoeqDr
record – vfHkys[k] fjdkWMZ relaxing (Adj) – lq[kn ≠ taxing (”;knk esgur okyk)
record – dhfrZeku release – eqDr djuk (free)
recover – olwyh djuk relevant – mfpr] mi;qDr ≠ irrelevant, egÙoiw.kZ (Important)
red – yky relief – vkjke (respite) ≠ unrest
reduce (V) – de djuk religion – èkeZ
reduction – deh religious – èkkfeZd ≠ irreligious
refer (V) – mYys[k djuk (mention/cite), rely – Hkjkslk djuk (trust)
fdlh ds ikl Hkstuk (consult) rely on – Hkjkslk djuk (count on / bank on)
reference (N) – lanHkZ] mYys[k (Note) remain (V) – ,d gh voLFkk esa cus jguk] ckdh jguk
reflect (V) – ijkofrZr djuk] remaining – cpk gqvk
fparu djuk (Think deeply/contemplate) remains (N) – vo'ks"k
reflection – ijkorZu] çfrfcac remark (N) – fVIi.kh (comment),
reform (N) – lqèkkj] (V) – lqèkkjuk (improve) (V)–fVIi.kh djuk (to comment)

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remarkable – vlkèkkj.k] mRÑ"V resource (N) – lalkèku

remarkably – vk'p;Ztud :i ls (surprising) respect (V) – lEeku djuk (revere) ≠ disrespect
remember (N) – ;kn djuk (commemorate) ≠ forget respect (N) – lEeku
remind (of) – è;ku fnykuk@;kn fnykuk (Recall/Recollect) respond (V) – çfrfØ;k nsuk (answer)
[I reminded her of the party.] response (N) – çfrfØ;k (answer)
remote (adj.) – nwjLFk] nwjorhZ (distant) ≠ nearby
responsibility – f”kEesnkjh (liability/accountability)
removal (N) – gVkus dh fØ;k ≠ irresponsibility
remove (V) – gVkuk responsible – f”kEesnkj (accountable)
rent (N) – fdjk;k] (V) fdjk;s ij nsuk (to let out) rest – vkjke ≠ unrest
rented (N) – fdjk;s okyk
restaurant – jsL=kkW
repair – lqèkkjuk] ejEer djuk (mend), (N) – ejEer
restore (V) – cgky djuk (rehabilitate)
repeat (V) – nksgjkuk
restrict – jksduk (stop)
repeatedly – ckj&ckj (again and again)
restricted – çfrcaèkd (prohibited)
replace – fdlh oLrq dks cnyuk (exchange) restriction – çfrcaèk (Prohibition)
reply (V) – çfrmÙkj nsuk (answer) ≠ question result – ifj.kke
report (N) – fjiksVZ] (V) – crkuk] lwpuk nsuk (tell) retain – cuk, j[kuk
represent – çfrfufèkRo djuk retire – lsok fuo`Ùk gksuk] lekIr gksuk
representative – çfrfufèk retired – lsok fuo`Ùk
reproduce (V) – iqu% cukuk] tUe nsuk retirement – lsokfuo`fÙk
reproduction (N) – çtuu] udy (copy) return – okil djuk
reputation (N) – çfr"Bk (repute) reveal – çdV djuk] fn[kkuk (disclose) ≠ close/hide
request – vkxzg] (V) – fourh djuk reverse (V) – mYVk djuk
require – vko';d gksuk (need) review (N) – leh{kk, (V) – leh{kk djuk
requirement – vko';drk (need/demand) revise (V) – nksgjkuk (repeat)
rescue (N) – cpko] (V) – cpkuk (save) revision (N) – nksgjkus dh fØ;k
research – 'kksèk] [kkst revolution – vkanksyu (movement)] Økafr
reservation – vkj{k.k] 'kadk (doubt) reward – buke
reserve (V) – lqjf{kr j[kuk] cqd djkuk] (N) – ladksph rhythm – rky] fjne
resident (N) – fuoklh rich –vehj (Affluent, Prosperous, well to do/well off)
resist (N) – fojksèk djuk (protest) ≠ poor/destitute

resistance (N) – çfrjksèk@çfrjksèkh {kerk (immunity) rid – NqVdkjk ikuk [get rid of]

resolve (V) – ladYi ysuk] gy fudkyuk (settle) ride (V) – lokjh djuk

resort (N) – lgkjk (recourse), NqV~Vh eukus dh txg rider (N) – lokjh djus okyk

resort to (V) – lgkjk ysuk ridiculous (Adj.) – gkL;kin (absurd)

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Basic Vocabulary – 19
right (N) – vfèkdkj (authority)] (Adj.) – lgh (correct) rumour – viQokg (hearsay)
≠ incorrect, mfpr] nkfguk run – nkSM+] (V) – nkSM+uk] e'khu dk dke djuk
rightly (Adv.) – lgh ls] mfpr :i ls run after – idM+us dh dksf'k'k djuk
ring (N) – vaxwBh] ?ksjk (round) run away – Hkkx tkuk (escape)
ring (V) – ctuk] ?kaVh ctkuk runner – èkkod
rise (N) – o`f¼] mn;] Å¡pkbZ] (V) – Åij mBuk] p<+uk runner up – mifotsrk] nwljs LFkku ij vkus okyk
risk (N) – [krjk (danger) ≠ safe, (V) – [krjs esa Mkyuk run out – lekIr gksuk (end/finish)
rival – çfr}anh (competitor) run short – deh gksuk (lack)
rob – ywVuk rural – xzkeh.k ≠ urban
rock – pV~Vku rush (N) – tYnckth] O;Lrrk] (V) – Hkkxuk
role – Hkwfedk (part) sack (N) – cksjk] (V) – deZpkjh dks c[kkZLr djuk
roll – ukekoyh] yisVk gqvk] (V) – yq<+duk] yisVuk sad – mnkl ≠ happy/delighted
romantic – :ekuh] Hkkoqd vkSj dYiuk'khy ≠ unromantic sadly (Adv.) – mnklh ls
roof – Nr (ceiling) sadness (N) – mnklh
room – dejk] [kkyh txg (space)] xqatkb'k safe (Adj.) – lqjf{kr (Protected)] ldq'ky] (N) – frtksjh
root – tM+ ≠ stem, ewy dkj.k safely – dq'kyiwoZd
rope (N) – jLlh] (V) – ckaèkuk (tie) safety – lqj{kk
rough (Adj.) – [kqjnjk] vuqekfur (Approximately) sailor – ukfod
roughly – vank”ku (approximately) salad – lykn
round – xksy] nkSj (spell) salary – osru (remuneration)
route – jkLrk (path) sale – fcØh
routine – lkekU; vkSj fu;af=kr] fuR;deZ salty – uedhu] [kkjk
row (N) – drkj] fdlh ckr ij >xM+k (V) – uko [ksuk same – cjkcj] ogh (very)
royal – 'kkgh (imperial) [This is the (very/same) pen that I wanted.]
rub (V) – jxM+uk sample – uewuk
rubbish – csdkj dh ph”ksa@ckrsa sand – ckyw] jsr
rude – vf'k"V (impolite) ≠ polite, Hkn~nk (ill-mannered) satisfaction – larqf"V (contentment) ≠ dissatisfaction
≠ well-mannered satisfied – larq"V (contended)
rudely (Adv.) – vf'k"VrkiwoZd satisfy – larq"V djuk (gratify)
ruin – fouk'k sauce – lkWl] pVuh
ruinous – fouk'kdkjh save – cpkuk
rule – fu;e] 'kklu] (V) – 'kklu djuk (govern), saving – cpr
fu.kZ; nsuk say (N) – vfèkdkj] (V) – dguk
rule out – [kkfjt djuk (Cancel) scale – iSekuk
ruler – 'kkld scare – Mjkuk (frighten)

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scare away – Mjkdj Hkxkuk sell out – lkjk eky csp nsuk
scared (Adj.) – Hk;Hkhr (frightened) send – Hkstuk
scene – n`';] u”kkjk (panorama) send for – cqykuk (call)
schedule – le; lkj.kh send off – Mkd ls Hkstuk (post)
scheme – ;kstuk] "kM~;a=k (conspiracy) senior – ofj"B
scientific – oSKkfud] rdZlaxr sense – le> (wisdom)
scissors – dSaph sensible – le>nkj (wise/prudent/far-sighted) ≠ insane
scratch – [kjksap] (V) – [kqjpuk sensitive – laosnu'khy (prone)
scream (N) – ph[k] (V) – ph[kuk (shout) sentence (N) – okD;] naM (Punishment)]
screen – ijnk (V) – ltk nsuk (Punish)
screw – isap] LØw] (V) – isap dluk separate (V) – vyx djuk ≠ unite, (Adj.) – vyx
sea – leqnz separated (Adj.) – vyx
seal – lhy] eksgj] (V) – <Ddu can djuk separately (Adv.) – vyx ls
search – ryk'k] (V) – ryk'kuk (look for) separation (N) – vyxko
season – ekSle (weahter), (V) – fepZ elkys Mkydj series – Üka`[kyk (chain)
Hkkstu dks NkSaduk serious – xaHkhj (grave)
seat (N) – lhV] (V) – cSBuk seriously – xaHkhjrk ls
secondary – de egÙoiw.kZ ≠ primary servant – ukSdj (domestic help)
secret (Adj.) – xksiuh; serve (V) – lsok djuk] Hkkstu ijksluk] tsy esa ltk dkVuk
secretary – lfpo] ljdkjh laLFkk esa foHkkxkè;{k service – lsok] e'khu dh tk¡p
secretly – pqids ls] xqIr :i ls (stealthily) session – l=k (term)

section – Hkkx] [kaM (division) set (Adj.) – n`<+] (N) – O;fDr@oLrqvksa dk lsV]
(V) – O;ofLFkr djuk (adjust)
sector – Vksyk] eksgYyk
set off – ;k=kk vkjaHk djuk (set out - begin a journey),
secure – lqjf{kr djuk
[The President's envoy set off on another diplomatic
security – lqj{kk (Protection) trip.]
see about – dksbZ dke fuiVkuk settle – O;ofLFkr djuk] fookn lqy>kuk] dgha tkdj cluk]
seed – cht ruko eqDr gksuk
seek – [kkstuk (search) settle down – fLFkj ,oa 'kkar thou thus yxuk
seem – ekywe iM+uk (appear) several – cgqr (many/various)
select – p;u djuk (choose) severe – dBksj] dfBu] xaHkhj
selection – p;u sew – flykbZ djuk (stitch)
self – [kqn] Lo;a (ego) shade – Nk;k] fo'ks"k çdkj dk jax
sell – cspuk ≠ buy set someone free – vk”kkn djuk
[sell like hot cakes – tYnh fcd tkuk] set something on fire – vkx yxkuk
sell off – lLrs esa cspuk setback – vk?kkr] ckèkk (obstacle)

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Basic Vocabulary – 20
shadow – lk;k] çfrPNk;k shortly – dqN gh nsj esa] 'kh?kz (soon)
shake – fgykuk (stir) shot – xksyh dh vkokt] èkekdk
shallow – fNNyk (superficial) ≠ deep should – pkfg;s
shame (V) – 'kfe±nk djuk (disgrace) shoulder – daèkk
shape (N) – vkdkj] (V) – vkdkj nsuk (build) shout (V) – fpYykuk (scream/yell), (N) – ph[k (yell)
(oval shape – vaMs ds vkdkj dk) show – çn'kZu] dk;ZØe
share (N) – fgLlk (portion), (V) – ckaVuk (divide)] shower (N) – ckSNkj] ckfj'k] iqQgkjk] (V) – o"kkZ gksuk (rain)
dksbZ ckr crkuk (tell) show off (V) – fn[kkok djuk
sharp (Adj.) – rs”k (acute)] rs”k èkkj okyk ≠ blunt shut (Adj.) – can] (V) – can djuk (close)
sharply (Adv.) – rs”kh ls shut down – ges'kk ds fy;s can djuk
shave – g”kker cukuk shut out – pqi djkuk] ckgj j[kuk
[Close Shave – cky cky cpuk] shut up – pqi jgks
sheet – pknj] iUuk] ijr (layer) shy – 'kfeZyk (hesitant/diffident) ≠ frank/confident
shell (N) – [kksy] vkoj.k sick (Adj.) – chekj] (N) – chekj yksx
shelter (N) – vkJ;] 'kj.kLFky (Refuge/Asylum), side – i{k] rjiQ] fdukjk] ny
(V) – 'kj.k nsuk side by side – ikl&ikl (adjacent)

shift (V) – f[kld tkuk] fopkj cnyuk] (N) – ikyh side effect – nq"çHkko

shine – ped (glow), (V) – peduk (glow) sight – n`f"V] u”kkjk

shiny – pednkj (glowing) sign (N) – ladsr] (V) – gLrk{kj djuk

ship (N) – leqnzh tgkt, (V) – Hkstuk@ys tkuk signal – ladsr
shirt – deht signature (N) – gLrk{kj
shock (N) – >Vdk] lnek] (V) – nq[kn :i ls] significant – egÙoiw.kZ (important) ≠ insignificant
vk'p;Zpfdr gksuk significantly – dkiQh] lkFkZd :i ls
shocked – gSjku silence – 'kkafr] [kkeks'kh] (V) – pqi djkuk
shocking – pkSadk nsus okyk] cgqr cqjk (very bad) silent – ewd (mute), pqi
shoe – twrk [Shoehorn – twrk iguus dk IykfLV dk VqdM+k] [silent letters ftldk mPpkj.k u gks]
shoelace – twrs dk iQhrk silk – js'ke
shoot – xksyh ekjuk silly – ew[kZrkiw.kZ (foolish)
shoot down – xksyh ekjdj fxjk nsuk silver – pkanh
shooting – fu'kkusckth similar (Adj.) – leku (alike)
shop (N) – nqdku] (V) – [kjhnkjh djuk similarity – lekurk ≠ dissimilarity
shopping – [kjhnnkjh similarly – mlh çdkj@ml tSlk
short – de] laf{kIr] NksVk ≠ long simple – lkèkkj.k] ljy] lgt

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simply – dsoy (only)] fcYdqy (absolutely) smoking – èkweziku

since – tc ls@D;ksafd@pw¡fd@ls smooth – fpduk] fcuk ckèkk ds
sincere – bZekunkj ≠ insincere] lPpk (earnest) smoothly – lqpk: :i ls] fufoZ?u
sincerely – bZekunkjh ls snake – lk¡i
sing (N) – xkuk xkuk snow (V) – fgeikr gksuk] (N) – ciZQ
singer – xk;d so (Conj.) – blfy;s] (Adv.) – bruk] cgqr
singing – xk;u social (Adj.) – lkekftd
single – ,d] vfookfgr (unmarried) socialise (V) – O;ogkfjd çf'k{k.k nsuk] feyulkj gksuk
sink (V) – Mwcuk] vLr gksuk] (N) – crZu èkksus dk container socially – lkekftd :i ls
sit – cSBuk society (N) – lekt
site – LFky@LFkku (location) socks (N) – eks”kk@tqjkc
situation – fLFkfr] n'kk (position) soft – eqyk;e (tender)] lkSE;] gYdk
sixth – NBk softly – ujeh ls
sixtieth – lkBok¡ software – çfØ;k] lkexzh
size – vkdkj soil (N) – feV~Vh] Hkwfe] (V) – xank@eSyk djuk
skilful – dq'ky] fuiq.k (adept/proficient/skilled) soldier – lSfud
≠ unskilled solid – etcwr (strong), Bksl (concrete)
skilfully – dq'kyrk ls ≠ hollow ([kks[kyk)
skill – dq'kyrk] dkS'ky solution – gy (answer)] ?kksy] foy;u
skin – Ropk] [kky] fNydk solve – gy fudkyuk
sky – vkdk'k [Skyscraper – xxupqach bekjr] some – dqN, FkksM+k (A little/A few)
sleep (N) – uhan (slumber)] (V) – lksuk somebody – dksbZ (someone)
sleeve – vkLrhu] ck¡g somehow – tSls&rSls
slice – VqdM+k (piece) something – dqN
slide – dk¡p dh iV~Vh] (V) – èkhjs&èkhjs fiQlyuk sometimes – dHkh&dHkh (At times/off and on)
slight – FkksM+k (some)] iryk (thin) somewhat – dqN gn rd] FkksM+k (a bit)
slightly – FkksM+k&lk (a little)] ekewyh somewhere – dgha
slip (N) – pwd] iphZ] (V)&vpkud fxj tkuk song – xhr
slope (N) – <ky] <yku soon – tYnh (before long/shortly)
slow – èkhek ≠ fast sore – ?kko (wound)
slowly – èkhjs&èkhjs (gradually) ≠ rapidly sorry – xyrh@[ksn
small – NksVk] ekewyh (slight) ≠ large sort – çdkj (type/kind)
smart – gksf'k;kj] iqQrhZyk ≠ dull sort out – lqy>kuk (solve)
smell (N) – xaèk] (V) – lw¡?kuk] [kq'kcw gksuk soul – var% eu] vkRek (innerself)
smile (V) – eqLdjkuk sound – èofu
smoke (N) – èkqvk¡] (V) – èkqvk¡ fudyuk] flxjsV ihuk soup – lwi

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Basic Vocabulary – 21
sour – [kV~Vk sport – [ksy
source – ekè;e@mn~xe (origin), lzksr spot (N) – LFkku] 'kjhj ;k psgjs ij èkCck
southern – nf{k.kkorhZ spot (V) – vpkud fdlh dks ns[k ysuk [I finally spotted
space – varfj{k] txg my friend in the crowd.]
spare – vfrfjDr (extra), [kkyh (free), (V) – nsuk spray (N) – iqQgkj] (V)– fNM+duk] iqQgkj NksMu+ k (sprinkle)
speak – cksyuk (utter) spread – iSQykuk (diffuse) ≠ gather
speaker – oDrk] lHkkifr spread out – ckgj iSQykuk
speak out – fdlh ds fo#¼ [kqydj cksyuk spring – clar] fLçax
speak up – Å¡ps Loj esa cksyuk square – oxZ] oxkZdkj
special – fo'ks"k squeeze – fupksM+uk (press)
specialist – fo'ks"kK (expert) stable (Adj.) – fLFkj] e”kcwr ≠ unstable, (N) – vLrcy
specially – fo'ks"k :i ls staff – deZpkjh
specific – fof'k"V] [kkl stage (N) – eap] voLFkk] (V) – dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu djuk

specifically – fo'ks"k :i ls stair – lh<+h

speech – Hkk"k.k staircase – jsfyax okyk thuk

stamp – Mkd fVdV] eksgj] (V) – BIik ekjuk
speed – xfr
stand (N) – vM~Mk] (V) – [kM+k gksuk
speed up – xfr c<+kuk
standard – ekud (measure)
spell (N) – tknw] nkSj] (V) – spelling fy[kuk@cksyuk
stand back – ihNs gVuk
spelling – orZuh
stand by – enn djuk (help)
spend – le; fcrkuk] [kpZ djuk ≠ save
stand for (V) – leFkZu nsuk] çrhd gksuk] laf{kIr :i gksuk
spice – elkyk] (V) – elkyk Mkyuk [In MA, M stands for ‘Master’.]
spicy – elkysnkj stand up for – fgiQktr djuk (defend)] leFkZu esa [kM+s jguk
spider – edM+h star (N) – rkjk] çfl¼ O;fDr] (V) – vfHku; djuk
spin – fLiu@?kweus dh fØ;k] (V) – ?kqekuk] èkkxk&cukuk] stare – ?kwjuk
e'khu esa diM+ksa dks ?kqekdj fupksM+uk start (N) – 'kqHkkjaHk] çkjaHk] (V) – 'kq: djuk ≠ end
spirit – vkRek (soul) state (N) – jkT;] voLFkk (Condition),
spiritual – vkè;kfRed ≠ physical (V) – fy[kuk ;k dguk
spite – }s"k] nqHkkZouk (malice) statement (N) – c;ku] dFku
split – foHkkftr] njkj] (V) – ck¡Vuk (divide) ≠ unite statue – çfrek (Idol)
split up – fj'rk lekIr djuk (break up) status – fLFkfr (condition)
spoil – u"V dj nsuk] ykM+&I;kj djds fcxkM+ nsuk stay – Bgjuk (halt)
spoken – ekSf[kd] cksyh tkus okyh steadily – yxkrkj] fu;fer xfr ls
spoon – pEep steady – fu;fer (Regular)
spoonful – pEep Hkjdj steam – Hkki

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steal – pqjkuk strictly – l[rh ls (stringently)

steel – bLikr] LVhy strike – gM+rky] geyk
still – vHkh Hkh] rks Hkh] (Adj.) – 'kkar ;k fLFkj string – èkkxk] rkj
steep – [kM+h p<+kbZ ;k <ky strip – iV~Vh] (V) – diM+s mrkjuk] fdlh oLrq ls dqN
steer – okgu dh xfr dks fu;af=kr djuk gVkuk (remove)
step – dne] lh<+h] (V)– dne c<+kuk stripe – diM+s ij jax dh ykbu@iV~Vh@èkkjh
stepping stone – y{; çkfIr esa lgk;d oLrq ;k ckr striped – èkkjhnkj
stick – NM+h] MaMk] (V) – xksn ls fpidkuk stroke – vk?kkr
stick to – MVs jguk] dk;e jguk strong – e”kcwr (firm) ≠ weak
sticky – fpifpik strongly – n`<+rk ls (firmly)
stiff – dBksj] l[r ≠ soft structure (N) – lajpuk] (V) – lqO;ofLFkr djuk (arrange)
stiffly – dM+kbZ ls] #[ksiu ls struggle (N) – la?k"kZ] (V) – la?k"kZ djuk
sting (N) – Mad] (V) – Mad ekjuk (Bite) student – Nk=k (pupil/disciple)
stir (N) – gypy] (V) – liquid dks fgykdj feykuk (shake) study (N) – vè;;u] (V) – vè;;u djuk
stock – HkaMkj] (V)–tek djuk (Store)] HkM+dkuk (Provoke)
stuff (N) – lkexzh (material)] lkeku]
stomach – isV
(V) – fdlh oLrq esa dqN Hkjuk
stone – iRFkj] jRu (gem)
stupid – csodwiQ ≠ intelligent
stop (N) – fojke] (V) – :duk (pause) ≠ continue
stupidity – ew[kZrk
store – HkaMkj] (V) – Hkfo"; ds fy;s HkaMkj.k djuk
style – vankt] jhfr] 'kSyh
storm – >a>kokr] vk¡èkh rwiQku
subject (N) – fo"k;] eq[; fcanq] drkZ] çtk]
story – dgkuh
(V) – vèkhu djuk] (Adj.)–fdlh ckr ij fuHkZj
storey – ry] rYyk (floor)
substance – inkFkZ
stove – vaxhBh] pwYgk
substantial – Bksl ;k etcwr (solid)]
straight – lqO;ofLFkr] lhèkk ≠ curved (Vs<+k)
vR;fèkd ek=kk esa (profuse)
strain – ruko (stress)] nckc
substantially – vfèkdka'kr% (considerably)
strange – vthc fofp=k (unusual) ≠ usual,
substitute (N) – fodYi (alternative),
strangely – vthc <ax ls
(V) – cnyuk
stranger – vtuch (Alien/Unknown) ≠ known/familiar
succeed (V) – liQy gksuk] ds ckn vkuk
strategy – j.kuhfr (Plan/Scheme)
stream – èkkjk (flow)] NksVh unh ≠ precede (igys vkuk)
street – xyh (narrow road) success (N) – liQyrk
strength – 'kfDr (power) successful (Adj.) – liQy
stress – ruko] fdlh ckr ij cy] (V) – tksj nsuk successfully (Adv.) – liQyrkiwoZd
stressful – rukoxzLr such – ,slk (like)
stretch – f[kapko] vaxM+kbZ] (V) – vaxM+kbZ ysuk suck – pwluk] fdlh oLrq dks fdlh fn'kk esa [khapuk
strict – dBksj] l[r (Hard and fast/rigid/stringent) sudden – vpkud (abrupt)
≠ flexible suddenly – vpkud ls (abruptly)

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Basic Vocabulary – 22
suffer – ihfM+r gksuk] d"V lguk survival – thfor jgus dh fLFkfr
suffering (N) – ihM+k] d"V (Agony/Pain) suspect (V) – fdlh dks vijkèkh le>uk] langs djuk (doubt)
sufficient – i;kZIr (enough) ≠ scarcity (deh) suspect (N) – lafnXèk vijkèkh
sufficiently – i;kZIr :i ls suspicion – 'kd] lansg (doubt)
suggest (V) – lq>ko nsuk (advise) suspicious – lansg tud] 'kDdh (doubtful/dubious)
suggestion (N) – lq>ko (consultation/advice) ≠ credulous (Hkksyk, tYnh fo'okl djus okyk)
suit – lwV] (V) – lqfoèkktud gksuk] fdlh ij t¡puk swallow (V) – fuxyuk] (N) – ?kw¡V] fuokyk
suitable – mi;qDr (apt) ≠ inapt swear (V) – opu nsuk] 'kiFk ysuk (vow)
suited – vuqdwy (suitable) swearing in – 'kiFk xzg.k
sum – ;ksx] loky] èkujkf'k] (V) – tksM+uk (add) sweat (N) – ilhuk] (V) – esgur djuk (Perspire)]
summary – lkjka'k sweat (V) – ilhuk fudkyuk
summer – xehZ sweep – ?kweuk] liQkbZ djuk] cgk ys tkuk
sum up – la{ksi djuk sweet (Adj.) – ehBk] eèkqj] I;kjk
sun – lw;Z sweeten (V)– ehBk djuk
superior – csgrj ≠ inferior swell (V) – lwtuk] iwQy tkuk] eksM+uk] Hkkoukvksa ls Hkjuk]
supply (N) – vkiwfrZ] (V) – vkiwfrZ djuk la[;k ;k vkdkj esa c<+uk
support – leFkZu] (V) – leFkZu nsuk (Help), swelling (N) – lwtu (bulge/lump)
Hkj.k iks"k.k djuk
swim – rSjuk (float)
supporter – leFkZd swimming pool – rj.krky] rSjus dk rkykc
suppose – eku yhft;s (let)] ekuuk swing – ?kweuk] ygjkuk] >wyuk@>qykuk
sure – fuf'pr (certain)] ”k:j switch (V) – vpkud cnyuk] vnyk&cnyh djuk]
surely – fuf'pr :i ls (N) – fLop] cVu
surface – lrg switch off – fLop can djuk
surname – miuke switch on – fLop pkyw djuk
surprise (N) – vpjt] vk'p;Z] (V) – rkTtqc djuk swollen – iwQyk gqvk] lwtk gqvk
surprised (Adj.) – vk'p;Zpfdr symbol – çrhd] fpÉ (sign)
surprising (Adj.) – vk'p;Ztud sympathetic – lgkuqHkwfriw.kZ (benevolent)
surprisingly – vk'p;Ztud :i ls sympathy (N) – laosnuk] gennhZ, lgkuqHkwfr
surround – ?ksjuk system – ç.kkyh] O;oLFkk] rjhdk
surroundings (N) – vklikl] okrkoj.k table (N) – est, igkM+k, lwph (V) – vkSipkfjd :i ls is'k
survey (V) – fujh{k.k djuk] losZ{k.k djuk djuk] fdlh fopkj ;k çLrko dks ykuk
survey (N) – uD'kk] losZ{k.k] fujh{k.k] iM+rky [1. He wanted to table a question in parliament.]
survive (V) – thuk] thfor jguk] xqtkjk djuk ≠ die tablespoon – cM+k pEep@pepk
survivor – nq?kZVuk esa cp tkus okyk O;fDr tablet – xksyh] nok dh xksyh] fVfd;k

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tackle (V) – fuiVuk, Nhuuk, lqy>kuk tendency – ço`fÙk] vknr] >qdko (inclination)
tail – pksVh, iwN
¡ , ihNk djuk tension (N) – fiQØ] ruko
take (V) – ikuk] ysuk] [kkuk] ihuk tent – rEcw] NksVh Nrjh
take down – fy[kuk tenth – nlok¡ Hkkx
take off – mM+uk] mM+kuk] diM+k mrkjuk term (N) – 'krZ, vofèk

take on – eqdkcyk djuk terrible – Mjkouk] [kjkc] Hkn~nk

terribly – Hk;kudrk ls
take over–dCtk dj ysuk] gkoh gks tkuk] dk;ZHkkj laHkkyuk
test (N) – tk¡p, ijh{kk
talk (N) – ckr] okrkZ] (V) – ckr djuk
text (V) – ikB] fy[kuk (write)
tall (N) – yack] Å¡pk ≠ short
than – dh vis{kk
tank – Vadh
thank (V) – vkHkkj çdV djuk
tap (V) – Fkidh nsuk] fNidj lquus ds fy;s phone esa
thanks (exclamation) – èkU;okn] 'kqfØ;k
midj.k yxkuk] (N) – uy dh VksaVh
that – fd] tks] og] rkfd
tape (N) – Vsi
theatre – flusek?kj] jax'kkyk
target (V) – fu'kkuk@y{; cukuk] (N) – y{; their – mudk] mu yksxksa dk (theirs)
task (V) – dke nsuk] (N) – dke there – ogk¡
taste (N) – :fp, ilan, Lokn (V) – p[kuk] Lokn ysuk them – mudks
tax (N) – dj] 'kqYd (V) – dj yxkuk theme – ewy fo"k;
teach (V) – i<+kuk] f'kf{kr djuk then (Adv.) – rc] (Adj.) – ml le; dk
[teach a lesson – lcd fl[kkuk] [That decision was taken by the then president.]
teaching (N) – vè;kiu theory (N) – fl¼kar (Principle)
team – ny] lewg therefore – blfy;s (so)] vr%
thick (Adj.) – xgjk] ?kuk (dense)] xk<+k ≠ thin (iryk)
team up – feydj dke djuk
thickly (Adv.) – l?kurkiwod
Z (densely) ≠ sparsely (fojy)
tear (N) – vk¡lw] (V) – iQkM+uk
thickness (N) – eksVkbZ] xk<+kiu
tear up – iQkM+ dj u"V djuk [She tore up all the letters.]
thief – pksj
technical (Adj.) – rduhdh
thing – oLrq (object)
technique – rduhd] fuiq.krk
think (N) – fopkj djuk
technology – rduhdh] çkS|ksfxdh
thinking – lksp
telephone (N) – nwjHkk"k think of – fopkj dk eu esa vkuk
television – nwjn'kZu think over – fdlh ckr ij fopkj djuk
tell – lwfpr djuk] crkuk thirst – I;kl (hunger)
temperature – rkieku thirsty – I;klk
temporarily – vLFkk;h :i ls (Ad-hoc) thorough (Adj.) – vPNh rjg (careful & complete)]
temporary (Adj.) – vLFkk;h] vYidkyhu iwjh rjg
tend (V) – ns[kHkky djuk] >qdko gksuk (incline) thoroughly (Adv.) – vPNh rjg ls] iw.kZ :i ls

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Basic Vocabulary – 23
though – gkyk¡fd] ;|fi (Although) tiring – FkdkÅ] Fkdkus okyk ≠ energising
thought (N) – fopkj] bjknk title (N) – mikfèk, (V) – uke nsuk
thread (N) – èkkxk] dM+h toe – iSj dh v¡xqyh
threat (N) – [krjk, èkedh together – lkFk&lkFk
threaten (V) – èkedh nsuk] Mjkuk tomorrow – vkus okyk dy
threatening (Adj.) – èkedh Hkjk] Mjkus okyk ton – Vu] <sj lkjk
throat (N) – xyk] daB tone (N) – ygtk] 'kSyh] iQksu dh èofu]
through – }kjk] ls gksdj (V) – 'kjhj dsk O;k;ke ds }kjk lqn`<+ cukuk
[Through thick and thin – eqlhcrksa esa] tongue – thHk] tqcku] Hkk"kk (language)
throughout – iwjs esa@lkjk dk lkjk] tonight – vkt jkr
'kq: ls var rd (end to end) tonne – 1000 fdxzk-
throw – isaQduk too – cgqr] Hkh (also), vis{kk ls vfèkd
throw away – dwM+k ;k vupkgh ph”k isaQduk tool – vkStkj (instrument)
thumb (N) – vaxwBk tooth – nk¡r
thus – blfy;s] bl çdkj (in this way) top (N) – lcls Åij] 'kh"kZLFk] <Ddu] yV~Vw]
ticket (N) – fVdV] yscy (V) – lcls Åij igq¡puk
tidy (Adj.) – lkiQ&lqFkjk] lqO;ofLFkr] topic – fo"k;] çdj.k
(V) – ltkuk] lqO;ofLFkr djuk total – ;ksx] iwjk (entire), (V) – ;ksx fudkyuk (add)
tie – ck¡èkuk (fasten) ≠ lose totally – iwjh rjg ls (completely)
tight – dldj caèkk gqvk] pqLr touch – Li'kZ] (V) – Nwuk
tightly – dl dj tough– n`< (Firm), dfBu (difficult/problematic) ≠ easy
till – rd tour (N) – ;k=kk] (V) – ?kweuk
time (N) – le; (V) – le; fuf'pr djuk tourist – ;k=kh] i;ZVd
timetable – le; lwph] le; lkj.kh towards – dh vksj] vkaf'kd Hkqxrku ds :i esa
tiny – NksVk (very small) ≠ huge/big [The money will go towards a new school building.]
tip – fdlh oLrq dk iryk ;k uqdhyk fljk] c['kh'k tower – ehukj
tip off – xqIr lwpuk town – dLck
tip toe – iats ds cy pyuk toy – f[kykSuk
tire – Fkd tkuk] Åc tkuk] Fkdkuk trace – fpÉ] ladsr] vYiek=kk
tired – cqjh rjg Fkdk gqvk ≠ energetic track – ixMaMh] jsy dh iVjh
tire out – fdlh dks cgqr Fkdk nsuk trade – O;kikj] (V) – O;kikj djuk] oLrq fofue; djuk

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tradition (N) – ijaijk (custom) turn (N) – eksM+] ?kqeko] ckjh@ekSdk] (V) – ?kqekuk
traditional (Adj.) – ijaijkxr ≠ modern/bohemian turn around – iwjk ?kwe tkuk
traffic – ;krk;kr] voSèk O;kikj] (V) – voSèk O;kikj djuk turn back – mlh jkLrs ykSVuk
train – jsyxkM+h] (V) – çf'k{k.k nsuk] rS;kjh djuk turn down – çLrko vLohdkj djuk]
training – çf'k{k.k fdlh ;a=k dk vkok”k de djuk
transfer – LFkkukarj.k] (V) – LFkkukarfjr djuk turn off – fLop can djuk
transform – :ikarj.k djuk (translate) turn on – fLop pkyw djuk
translation – :ikarj.k] vuqokn turn out – mifLFkr gksuk (to be present), ?kfVr gksuk
transparent – ikjn'khZ ≠ opaque TV – Vhoh] Vsyhfotu (television)
transport (N) – ifjogu] ;k=kk dk lkèku (conveyance) twelfth – ckjgok¡
transport (V) – yksxksa dks ;k eky <ksuk twice – nks ckj (two times)
trap (N) – tky] iaQnk] (V) – tky esa i¡Qlkuk
twins – tqM+ok cPps
travel (V) – ;k=kk djuk
twist (V) – eksM+uk ;k ,saBuk] (N) – eksM+] ?kqeko
traveller – ;k=kh
twisted (Adj.) – ,saBk gqvk
treat (V) – Ogogkj djuk (behave)
type – çdkj (kind)
treatment (N) – O;ogkj] crkZo (conduct)
typical – fo'ks"k çdkj dk
trend – pyu (style)
ugly – dq:i] Hk;kog (threatening)
trial – tk¡p] eqdnek
ultimate – vafre] vk[kjh
triangle – f=kHkqt
ultimately – varr (Finally)
trick – pky
unable – v;ksX; ≠ able
trip – ekSt ;k ?kweus ds fy;s ;k=kk
unacceptable – vLohdk;Z ≠ acceptable
tropical – m".kdfVcaèkh;
uncertain – vfuf'pr
trouble – leL;k] ijs'kkuh] (V) – ijs'kku djuk
uncomfortable – vlqfoèkktud
trousers – iSUV
unconscious – vpsr (faint)
true – lR;
uncontrolled – vfu;af=kr (unrestrained), unchecked
truly – lpeqp (really)
trust (N) – Hkjkslk] (V) – Hkjkslk djuk (rely) under – uhps

truth – lPpkbZ underground – tehu ds vanj

try (N) – ç;kl] (V) – ç;Ru djuk] vktekuk underneath – uhps (under)

try on – diM+s igudj fiQfVax ns[kuk understand – le>uk ≠ misunderstand

try out – fdlh O;fDr@oLrq dh mi;qDrrk dh tk¡p djuk understanding – tkudkjh] le>
tune – èkqu] jsfM;ks@Vhoh dk pSuy yxkuk underwater – ikuh ds uhps
tunnel (N) – lqjax undo – xk¡B [kksyuk] fdlh dke dks O;FkZ dj nsuk

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Basic Vocabulary – 24
unemployed – csjks”kxkj ≠ employed upper – Åijh
unemployment – csjks”kxkjh upset – mnkl] fpafrr
unexpected – vçR;kf'kr ≠ expected upstairs – Åijh eafty dk
unfair – vU;k;h] HksnHkkoiw.kZ (unjust) ≠ fair upward – Åij dh vksj
unfairly – HksnHkkoiwoZd urban – 'kgjh ≠ rural
unfortunate – nqHkkZX;iw.kZ ≠ fortunate urge (N)–rhoz bPNk] (V) – fdlh ls dqN djus ds fy;s dguk
unfriendly – vfe=kor] 'k=kqrkiwoZd (hostile) ≠ friendly urgent – vR;ko';d
unhappy – mnkl (forlorn/sad) ≠ delighted us – gesa
uniform – iks'kkd use (N) – mi;ksx] (V) – ç;ksx djuk
unimportant – egÙoghu (insignificant) used (adj.) – iqjkuk (Old) ≠ fresh/new
union – laxBu] ;wfu;u] feyu used to – vknh gksuk
unique – vf}rh; (singular / exclusive) useful – mi;ksxh
unit – bdkbZ] ek=kd useless – csdkj (worthless)
unite – laxfBr djuk] tksM+uk (combine) ≠ divide user – miHkksDrk
united – laxfBr user friendly – ftUgsa le>uk@mi;ksx djuk vklku gks
universe – czãkaM usual – lkekU; (common)
university – fo'ofo|ky; (varsity) usually – lkekU;r;k
unkind – funZ;h] veS=khiw.kZ vacation – NqV~Vh
unknown – vutku] vifjfpr] vçfl¼ valid – oSèkkfud] ekU; (acceptable)
unless – ;fn ugha] tc rd ugha valley – ?kkVh] oknh
unlike – ds foijhr] ds fHkUu valuable – dherh (priceless)
unload – okgu ls lkeku mrkjuk ≠ load value – dher
unlucky – v'kqHk van – okgu
unnecessary – vuko';d (superfluous) variation – fHkUurk (difference)] ifjorZu
unpleasant – veS=khiw.kZ (unfair) ≠ pleasant varied – fHkUu&fHkUu
unreasonable – vuqfpr] vlaxr variety – fofoèkrk
unsteady – vfLFkj various – cgqr (several)
unsuccessful – vliQy vary (V) – fHkUu gksuk
untidy – xank] vO;ofLFkr ≠ tidy vast – fo'kky (huge)] foLr`r
until – tc rd ugha vehicle – okgu
unusual – vlkekU; (strange) venture – dqN tksf[ke Hkjk dke
unusually – lkekU; ls gVdj version – :ikarj (variant)
unwilling (Adj.) – vfuPNqd vertical – lhèkk] yacor ≠ horizontal
unwillingly (Adv.) – vfuPNk ls very – cgqr] ogh (same)

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 Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

via – ls gksdj (through) washing – èkqykbZ

victim – ihfM+r (prey) wash up – gkFk eq¡g èkksuk
victory – thr (triumph) waste – vuqitkÅ] csdkj
view – u”kj] n`f"V [in my view – esjh u”kj esa] watch – fuxjkuh djuk
violence – fgalk wave – ygj
violent – fgald way – jkLrk (path)
violently – fgalkiwoZd weak – de”kksj (lean) ≠ strong
virus – fo"kk.kq weakness – de”kksjh
visible – n`'; ≠ invisible wealth – lEifÙk
vision – n`f"V weapon – gfFk;kj
visit – feyus tkuk] ?kweus tkuk wear – iguuk
visitor – feyus vkus okys wear off – yqIr gks tkuk
vital – vko';d (essential) ≠ unimportant
weather – ekSle
vocabulary – 'kCndks'k
web – tky (net)
voice – vkok”k] okP;
website – osclkbV
volume – vk;ru] vkok”k
wedding – 'kknh
vote (V) – er nsuk] (N) – er
weekend – lIrkgkar ≠ weekday
wage – e”knwjh
weekly – lkIrkfgd
waist – dej
weigh (V) – otu djuk
wait (V) – bartkj djuk (await)
weight (N) – otu
*[await ds lkFk for ugha vkrk]
welcome – Lokxr djuk
wake – txkuk
walk – Vgyuk well – vPNk] dqvk¡

wall – nhokj well known – çfl¼ (Noted)

wallet – ilZ] okWysV western – if'peh
wander – HkVduk] ?kweuk (roam) wet – Hkhxk gqvk ≠ dry
want – pkguk whatever – tks Hkh
war – ;q¼ wheel – ifg;k] pØ
warm (Adj.) – xje] eS=khiw.kZ (friendly) whenever – tc Hkh
warmth (N) – xjekgV whereas – tcfd
warm up – gYdk vH;kl djuk wherever – tgk¡ Hkh
warn – psrkouh nsuk] lpsr djuk whether – fd D;k
warning – psrkouh which – dkSu&lk
wash (V) – èkksuk] (N) – èkqykbZ (cleaning) while – tcfd
wash away – ikuh }kjk cgk ys tkuk whisper – iqQliqQlkuk

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 n`f"V ifCyds'kUl Basic Vocabulary

Basic Vocabulary – 25
whistle – lhVh ctkuk working (Adj.) – fØ;k'khy
white – lisQn work out – O;k;ke djuk
whoever – tks Hkh world – lalkj
whole – iwjk (complete) worried – ¯pfrr (anxious) ≠ relaxed
whom – fdls@fdldks@ftldks worry (N) – ¯prk] (V) – fpark djuk
whose – fdldk@ftldk worrying – ¯prktud
wide – pkSM+k worse – cqjk] [kjkc
width – pkSM+kbZ worship – çkFkZuk (prayer)] iwtk (V) – iwtk djuk (Pray)
wife – iRuh (better half) worst – lcls cqjk ≠ best
wild – taxyh] oU; ≠ pet worth – yk;d ≠ worthless
will – bPNk] olh;r wounded – ?kk;y
willing (Adj.) – bPNqd wrap – yisVuk] <duk ≠ unwrap
willingly – bPNk ls wrist – dykbZ
willingness – bPNk write – fy[kuk (take down)
win – thruk writer – fy[kus okyk@ys[kd
wind – gok] (V) – ?kM+h esa pkch Hkjuk writing – ys[ku] ys[k
window – f[kM+dh written – fyf[kr] fy[kk gqvk
wine – 'kjkc wrong – xyr
wing – ia[k] i{k wrongly – xyrh ls
winner – fotsrk ≠ loser yard – x”k
winning – fot;h] ftrkus okyk yawn – taHkkbZ ysuk] mcklh
wire – rkj yesterday – chrk gqvk dy
wise – cqf¼eku (prudent) ≠ dull/insane yet – vHkh rd@rks Hkh
wish – bPNk (will) young – toku
withdraw – okil ysuk] cSad ls iSlk fudkyuk youth – ;qok
within – ds vanj zero – thjks] 'kwU;
witness – lcwr zone – eaMy] {ks=k
wonder – vk'p;Z theist – vkfLrd
wood – ydM+h atheist – ukfLrd
woods – taxy (forest) priest – iqtkjh
wooden – ydM+h ls cuk divine – nSoh;
wool – Åu religious – èkkfeZd
work (N) – dk;Z] (V) – dke djuk secular – èkeZfujis{k
worker – e”knwj fanatic – dV~Vj

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 Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

Common Idioms
Idioms Meaning Black and white In written form (fyf[kr)
ABC The elementary knowledge By hook or by crook By using any means (dSls Hkh)
(ewyHkwr)
Blue Blood Born in a royal family ('kkgh
Above board Honest & Frank (bZekunkj) [kwu@'kkgh ifjokj esa tUek)
Achilles' heel A weak point (de”kksj dM+h) A bone of contention Cause of quarrel (>xM+s dh
At random Aimlessly (;ksa gh) tM+)
All in all Supreme, all powerful
In the good books of In favour with, favourite of
(losZlokZ)
(fdlh dk ilanhnk gksuk)
Alma Mater Past school/college (fiNyk
To bring to book Punish (naM nsuk)
Ldwy@dkWyst tgk¡ ls dksbZ i<+k
A bosom friend A very intimate friend (cgqr
gks)
At home in To have good knowledge of u”knhdh fe=k)
(dq'ky] n{k) Bread and butter Livelihood (thfodk)
At a stretch Continuously (yxkrkj) To break the ice To speak first on a delicate

At the eleventh hour At the last moment (vafre matter (pqIih rksM+uk)
To bury the hatchet To cease fighting, to make
{k.k esa)
peace (nq'euh lekIr djuk)
At sixes and sevens In disorder (vfu;fer :i ls]
To beat about the bush To speak in a round-about
frrj&fcrj)
manner (?kqekfiQjk dj ckr
Again and again Repeatedly (ckj&ckj)
At daggers drawn Very unfriendly, Bitter djuk)
enmity ([kqyh nq'euh) By leaps and bounds At a great speed (fnu nwuk
At large Free (vk”kkn] igq¡p ls ckgj) jkr pkSxquk)
At one's wits' end In a dilemma (nqfoèkk esa) To carry the day To win (thruk)
Bag and baggage With all belongings (cksfj;k Capital punishment Legal punishment of death
fcLrj lesr) (ltk&,&ekSr)
To be born with a Corporal punishment Physical punishment
silver spoon to be born rich (vehj ifjokj ('kkjhfjd naM)
esa tUek) To call a spade a spade To speak plain and open
(tSls dks rSlk dguk)
A bed of roses Comfortable (vkjkenk;d)
Chicken hearted Timid (dk;j)
Body and soul Entirely, wholly (iwjh rjg ls)
To hit below the belt To strike unfairly A clean slate Make a fresh beginning (ubZ
(vU;k;iwoZd) 'kq#vkr djuk)
A bird's eye view A general view (ljljh u”kj@ A close shave Narrow escape (cky cky
lkekU; n`f"V) cpuk)

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 n`f"V ifCyds'kUl Basic Vocabulary

To turn one's coat To change party (ny cnyuk) Word for word Verbatim (v{kj'k%)
A cock and bull story An absurd tale (dkYifud Neck and neck Very close competition (dM+h
ckrsa) VDdj)
Crocodile tears Fake tears (>wBs vk¡lw) *[neck to neck xyr gksrk gSA]
A close fisted man Miser (datwl) Cut throat competition Fierce competition
Cut and dried Readymade (cuk cuk;k) (xyk&dkV çfr;ksfxrk)
Call it a day Stop doing something for At times / Off and on /
time being (fnu dk dke Now and then Sometimes (dHkh&dHkh)
lekIr djuk)
Tooth and nail With full effort (iwjs ç;kl ds
Carrot and stick Reward and punishment
lkFk)
(buke vkSj naM)
Down to earth Practical, reasonable and Tip off Secret information (xqIr

friendly (tehu ls tqM+k) lwpuk)

Sine die Uncertain period (vfuf'pr Open secret Known secret ([kqyk jgL;)

dkyhu) Seed money Initial capital (u, m|e ds

Pros and cons Advantages and fy;s 'kq#vkrh èku)
disadvantages (iQk;nk vkSj Blue chip Profitable and stable (i;kZIr
uqdlku) :i ls fo'oluh;)

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 Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

Basic Vocabulary Exercises

Match the column A and B with the same meaning Exercise-2B
Exercise-1A A B
A B 1. Avoid A. Support
1. Abandon A. Tolerate 2. Awesome B. Angry
2. Accent B. Expert 3. Back up C. Obstacle
3. Accommodate C. Seem 4. Bad tempered D. Tolerate
4. Adopt D. Leave 5. Barrier E. Conduct
5. Adept E. In addition to 6. Bear F. Superb
6. Appear F. Adjust 7. Behave G. Ignore
7. Apart from G. Way of pronunciation
8. Bear H. Accept Exercise-2C
9. Adapt I. Put up/ take someone in (artificial, asleep, assist, attachment, attempt)
Exercise-1B 1. She is ………..............….. Don’t disturb her.
A B 2. It shows her strong……......….to her mother.
1. Abandoned A. Real 3. He learned English at the first….......………
2. Actual B. Irritate 4. May I ……........................................…you?
3. Annoy C. Attract 5. It is not natural, it is………….......................
4. Appeal D. Clear
5. Apparent E. Assess Exercise-3A
6. Analyse F. Hope
7. Anticipate G. Deserted A B
1. Bit A. Enter forcefully
Exercise-1C 2. Borrow B. Spread
( apart from, adept, apologise, names, a couple of) 3. Break into C. Look after
1. He is calling me………....………....……….... 4. Breathe in D. Continue
2. I will come to you after ………........… days. 5. Break out E. Complete
3. He is …....................................….. in Maths. 6. Bring up F. Little
4. ….........……… mangoes I want oranges too. 7. Capture G. Take loan
8. Carry on H. Cease
5. We …….. for the late departure of this flight.
9. Carry out I. Inhale

Exercise-2A Exercise-3B
A B A B
1. Arms A. Apprehend 1. Calm A. Fetch
2. Arrest B. Embarrassed
3. Artificial C. United 2. Bring B. Cheap
4. Ashamed D. Help 3. Budget C. Throw
5. Asleep E. Effort 4. Cast D. Demand
6. Assist F. Affection 5. Call for E. Cancel
7. Associated G. Sleeping
8. Attempt H. Ammunition 6. Call off F. Reckless
9. Attachment I. Unnatural 7. Careless G. Peaceful

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n`f"V ifCyds'kUl Basic Vocabulary

Exercise-3C Exercise-5A
( break into, break out, accuse, bring up, reckless) A B
1. The news of his arrival …….......… in the area. 1. Complex A. Face
2. The thief ………..............................the house. 2. Concentrate B. Orthodox
3. Concern C. Limit
3. He ..............………..her of stealing his watch. 4. Concrete D. Trust
4. That lady is ...........……………..her son well. 5. Confine E. Satisfied
5. We should not be ….............……..in our duty. 6. Confront F. Solid
7. Conservative G. Worry
8. Contented H. Focus
Exercise-4A 9. Count on I. Difficult
A B
Exercise-5B
1. Chase A. Munch
A B
2. Check B. Promise
1. Countryside A. Route
3. Century C. Fell down
2. Course B. Scale
4. Chew D. Meet suddenly 3. Crafty C. Find fault with
5. Chop down E. Follow 4. Criterion D. Incessant
6. Collapse F. Easy 5. Criticise E. Compete
6. Continuous F. Cunning
7. Come across G. Hundred
7. Contest G. Village
8. Commitment H. Control Consequence H. Result
8.
9. Comfortable I. Cut down
Exercise-5C
Exercise-4B (core, conservative, contain, countryside,
A B convenient)
1. It is very ……..........…. to pay by credit card.
1. Challenge A. Kindness
2. Concern for the environment is at the….....….
2. Charity B. Feature
of our policies.
3. Characteristic C. Attack 3. The ..………… has been ravaged by pollution.
4. Chat D. Bet 4. They were ………............………in their
5. Charge E. Take birth political outlook.
6. Clean F. Fair 5. She was unable to ……………..her excitement.
7. Come of G. Converse
Exercise-6A
Exercise-4C A B
(follow, deceive, colleague, circumstance, 1. Crucial A. Demise
commitment, bet) 2. Current B. Leave
1. The ship sank in mysterious….......………….. 3. Customs C. Dedicated
2. He ………..........................her into the house. 4. Cut down D. Spoil
5. Death E. Duty
3. He has been ……....….his wife for four years.
6. Desert F. Instrument
4. She can’t meet her financial…………............. 7. Devoted G. Reduce
5. We were friends and ...........……….for more 8. Device H. Present
than 20 years. 9. Destroy I. Important

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Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

Exercise-6B Exercise-7C
A B (efficient, dominate, disappointing, drawbacks)
1. Curb A. Curtail 1. The kitchen was in a ……........…. state when
2. Dangerous B. Delete she left.
3. Decrease C. Protective 2. She always says a lot in the meetings but she
4. Cross out D. Intentional doesn’t ………..........................................
5. Defensive E. Exhibit 3. We have to find ways of overcoming these
…………...........................
6. Deliberate F. Damage
4. As we get older our bodies become less....…..
7. Demonstrate G. Hazardous/perilous at burning up calories.
8. Destruction H. Restrain
Exercise-8A
Exercise-6C
A B
( curb, decorate, deserve, cure, crucial)
1. Emerge A. Force
1. Winning this contract is …....……… to the 2. Emotion B. Instrument
success of the country. 3. Emphasise C. Motivation
2. He needs to learn to ……..........…his temper. 4. Equipment D. Assess
3. TB is a serious illness but it can be….......….. 5. Encouragement E. Always
4. They ............……….. the room with flowers 6. Estimate F. Sentiment
7. Ever G. Proof
and balloons. 8. Evidence H. Besides
5. You ………...... a rest after all that hard work. 9. Except I. Come out

Exercise-7A Exercise-8B
A B A B
1. Disappointment A. Bifurcate 1. Face A. Huge
2. Disappear B. Papers 2. Enormous B. Have right
3. Dishonest C. Frugal 3. Enthusiastic C. Vital
4. Divide D. Fault 4. Entitle D. Property
5. Documents E. Fake 5. Essential E. Overstate
6. Economical F. Medicine 6. Estate F. Reveal
7. Drawback G. Vanish 7. Exaggerate G. Confront
8. Drug H. Livelihood 8. Expose H. Zealous
9. Earnings I. Sadness
Exercise-8C
Exercise-7B (encourage, extraordinary, exaggerate, entire ,
A B enable)
1. Dig A. Devastation 1. The software …........……..you to create your
2. Disgust B. Ailment own DVDs.
3. Disaster C. Detest 2. Banks actively ……...............…..people to
4. Disease D. Dubious borrow money.
5. Dislike E. Differentiate 3. The disease threatens to wipe out the….....…..
6. Doubtful F. Hatred population.
7. Distinguish G. Excavate 4. The allegations were highly…...............……
8. Easy H. Beautiful
5. She was a truly ...................……… woman.
9. Elegant I. Lucid

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Exercise-9A Exercise-10B
A B A B
1. Fair A. Bring 1. Get over A. Collect
2. Fetch B. Artificial 2. Gather B. Alight
3. Faithful C. Characteristic 3. Get off/down C. Splendid
4. False D. Boundary
4. Glasses D. Conjecture
5. Feature E. Taste
5. Grand E. Recover
6. Fence F. Just
7. Flavour G. Imitate 6. Guess F. Overcome
8. Follow H. Pay 7. Heal G. Spectacles
9. Foot I. Loyal
Exercise-10C
Exercise-9B (gather, gain, gentle, get off, get over, give away,
A B give up)
1. Fame A. Eventually 1. ……........................…..wind was blowing.
2. Farmer B. Determined 2. Keep it up, gradually you will ….........…….
3. Fan C. Amity your stammering habit.
4. Finally D. Admirer
5. Firm E. Very small 3. He ……........................…..the moving bus.
6. Friendship F. Peasant 4. He …………..............the habit of smoking.
7. Fine G. Glory 5. She ………......a huge profit in her business.
Exercise-9C Exercise-11A
(fence, foot, deluge, fortune, flavour) A B
1. Today, he will…............................… the bill. 1. Historic A. Grip
2. The .....……….. of this building is very strong. 2. Hold B. Empty
3. Hollow C. Funny
3. ……….............................. favours the brave. 4. Holy D. Prey
4. I don’t like this …………............................. 5. Humorous E. Prompt
5. When the snow melts, the mountain stream 6. Hunt F. Enhance
7. Immediate G. Necessary
becomes ………........................................... 8. Increase H. Important
9. Inevitable I. Sacred
Exercise-10A
A B Exercise-11B
1. Funeral A. Softly A B
2. Game B. At one chance 1. Individual A. Wounded
3. Giant C. Very serious 2. Component B. Effect
4. Gently D. Paradise
3. Informal C. Recognize
5. At a go E. Assist
6. Grave F. Bulky 4. Injured D. Ingredient
7. Heaven G. Death procession 5. Impact E. Domestic
8. Help H. Ready 6. Identify F. Personal
9. Heavy I. Huge 7. Household G. Casual

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Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

Exercise-11C Exercise-13A
(hurry , imagination, influence, identify, hide) A B
1. He …....................……the letter in a drawer. 1. Left A. Confine
2. The kids ………............to open the presents. 2. Lightly B. Limited
3. Likely C. Nexus
3. She was able to ……..................her attacker.
4. Limit D. Wish
4. His writings lack………................................ 5. Restricted E. God
5. He committed the crime under the ……......... 6. Link F. Rest
of drugs. 7. Local G. Gently
8. Long H. Possibly
9. Lord I. Vicinity
Exercise-12A
A B Exercise-13B
1. Insist A. Interruption A B
2. Insult B. Look into 1. Lot A. Faithful
2. Loyal B. Compensate
3. Intend C. Annoy
3. Mad C. Control
4. Obstruction D. Humiliate 4. Make up D. Luck
5. Investigate E. Give 5. Man E. Enormous
6. Massive F. Food
6. Irritate F. Fair
7. Meal G. Crazy
7. Issue G. Wish
Exercise-13C
8. Judgement H. Force
( nexus, live from hand to mouth, look down upon,
9. Just I. Verdict live on, live by)
1. The deer…….............................……. grass.
Exercise-12B 2. She……..................……. selling vegetables.
A B 3. The rich ………........................…. the poor.
1. Keen A. Maintain 4. The …....................………. between industry
and political power is harmful for the country.
2. Keep up B. Cognizance
5. His father earned very little and there were
3. Kick C. Lethargic
four kids, so they ...................……………...
4. Kindness D. Interested
5. Knowledge E. For want of
6. Lazy F. Generosity Exercise-14A
7. Lack G. Thrill A B
1. Mention A. Power
Exercise-12C 2. Mere B. Light
( up, of, jealous, up, for want of, later, into) 3. Might C. Subtle
1. The officer is looking ….............….. the case. 4. Mild D. Amalgamation
2. The house is large and difficult to keep …........ 5. Minute E. Contemporary
3. The plant dried …..........................….. water. 6. Mingle F. Show
7. Mixture G. Apart from
4. I will talk to you ……...................................
8. Modern H. Only
5. We had burger instead …….....… a full meal.
9. Moreover I. Blend
6. She is …....................……….of my success.

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Exercise-14B Exercise-15C
A B (offence, pace, overall, ordinary, occur)
1. Natural A. Compulsory 1. The idea …….............…..to him in a dream.
2. Necessary B. Seldom 2. The meal was very ……….........................
3. Neighbourhood C. Even then 3. He was not aware that he had committed an
4. Never D. Fiction ………............................................
5. Nevertheless E. Take care of 4. ................………. this is a very useful book.
6. Novel F. Spontaneous 5. We encourage all the students to work at their
7. Nurse G. Vicinity own………..........................................

Exercise-14C
Exercise-16A
( morally, mysterious, noticeable, narrow, might)
A B
1. …….....................................….. is right.
1. Personal A. Worldly
2. He felt……..…… responsible for the accident. 2. Persuade B. Mound
3. There was only a ...........………..gap between 3. Physical C. Mercy
the bed and the wall. 4. Pile D. Enjoyment
4. A …..............……….. young woman is living 5. Pity E. Individual
next door. 6. Pleasure F. Convince
5. Her scars are hardly .................………. now. 7. Poison G. Conspire
8. Polite H. Venom
Exercise-15A 9. Plot I. Modest
A B
1. Obey A. Sometimes Exercise-16B
2. Obvious B. Crime A B
3. Occasionally C. Rival 1. Polish A. Have
4. Offence D. Root 2. Popular B. Capacity
5. Opponent E. Summary 3. Possess C. Power
6. Opposite F. Production 4. Potential D. Meticulous
5. Authority E. Debar
7. Origin G. Clear
6. Precise F. Noted
8. Outline H. Comply with 7. Prevent G. Refine
9. Output I. In front of
Exercise-16C
Exercise-15B (phase, pressure, potential, pleasant, permanently)
A B 1. The stroke left his right side …......…….
1. Outstanding A. Ace damaged.
2. Overcome B. Tired
2. She is going through a difficult…....………
3. Pain C. Die
3. What a ………..........................… surprise!
4. Pale D. Faint
5. Pass away E. Defeat 4. She was unable to attend because of the
6. Pass out F. Dues ……....................................…… of work.
7. Peak G. Agony 5. She has great……….................. as an artist.

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Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

Exercise-17A Exercise-18B
A B A B
1. Prior A. Captive 1. Remark A. Mend
2. Imprison B. Yield 2. Remember B. Copy
3. Prisoner C. Encourage 3. Repair C. Doubt
4. Production D. Apt 4. Reproduction D. Accountable
5. Promote E. Impart 5. Reservation E. Commemorate
6. Proper F. Demolish 6. Responsible F. Well off
7. Provide G. Put behind bars 7. Rich G. Comment
8. Pull down H. Succeed Exercise-18C
9. Pull off I. Before (recommend, rescued, rely on, relevant, released,
Exercise-17B realize, )
A B 1. I hope you …............…….the seriousness of
this crime.
1. Pupil A. Chaste
2. Can you ………..................… a good hotel?
2. Pure B. Chase
3. Please send me all the ……........ information.
3. Purely C. Postpone
4. Pursue D. Wear 4. She was …......……… from prison last week.
5. Put off E. Disciple 5. We should …....………. our own judgement.
6. Put on F. Tolerate 6. He …............................…….. me from an
7. Put up with G. Completely embarrassing situation.

Exercise-17C Exercise-19A
A B
(proceed, rapid, promoted, provided, imprisoned)
1. He was ………................…… in a dungeon 1. Right A. Part
2. Rival B. Space
(dark underground room.
3. Role C. Approximate
2. Passengers for Mumbai should…......……to 4. Room D. Way
gate no.32 for boarding. 5. Rough E. Competitor
3. She worked hard and was soon ……......….. 6. Route F. Impolite
4. Please answer questions in the space …...….. 7. Royal G. Authority
5. The patient made a ...........………..recovery. 8. Rude H. Cancel
9. Rule out I. Imperial
Exercise-18A Exercise-19B
A B A B
1. Rear A. Of late 1. Rumour A. Look for
2. Reasonable B. Think 2. Run out B. Remuneration
3. Recently C. Mention 3. Run short C. Contended
4. Reckon D. Contemplate 4. Salary D. Frighten
5. Refer E. Improve 5. Same E. Hearsay
6. Reflect F. Respect 6. Satisfied F. Very
7. Reform G. Count on 7. Scare G. End
8. Regard H. Bring up 8. Search H. Call
9. Rely on I. Appropriate 9. Send for I. Lack

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Exercise-19C Exercise-21A
(room, say, scare, rude, out, rob) A B
1. The gang had …............……and killed the 1. Source A. Free, extra
drug owners. 2. Spare B. Utter
2. Time is running …..…..for the trapped miners. 3. Speak C. Malice
3. Is there enough …........…..for me in the car? 4. Spite D. Divide
5. Split E. Diffuse
4. It’s ..........……to speak when you are eating. 6. Spray F. Origin
5. It .............……me to think that I was alone in 7. Spread G. Help
the building. 8. Stand by H. Regular
6. The judge has the final……....on the sentence. 9. Steady I. Sprinkle
Exercise-20A Exercise-21B
A B A B
1. Shame A. Portion 1. Sting A. Shake
2. Share B. Refuge 2. Stir B. Unusual
3. Shelter C. Scream 3. Strange C. Stringent
4. Shout D. Rain 4. Stranger D. Bite
5. Shower E. Disgrace 5. Strict E. Arrange
6. Structure F. Abruptly
6. Shy F. Important 7. Stuff G. Alien
7. Significant G. Foolish 8. Substantial H. Material
8. Silly H. Only 9. Suddenly I. Profuse
9. Simply I. Diffident
Exercise-21C
Exercise-20B (split , stuff, spare, spell, squeeze)
A B 1. He took off his wet clothes and …....………...
the water out
1. Sincere A. Slumber
2. Take some ……........…...........clothes in case
2. Skillful B. Before long
3. Sleep C. Gradually you get wet.
4. Slightly D. Tender 3. How do you ………..………...your surname?
5. Slowly E. At times 4. The committee ….…....…over government
6. Soft F. Earnest subsidies.
7. Sometimes G. Adept 5. The chairs were covered in some sort of
8. Soon H. A little plastic…………............................
9. Soul I. Innerself
Exercise-22A
Exercise-20C A B
(slight , shy, slip, solid, somewhat, shortly) 1. Suffering A. Let
1. She arrived …......................…..after us. 2. Suppose B. Vow
2. He woke up with a ……..........….headache. 3. Suspicious C. Agony
3. She is very ………................... with adults. 4. Swear D. Perspire
5. Sweat E. Lump
4. I was …………...........surprised to see him.
6. Swelling F. Benevolent
5. As he ran up the stairs, his foot .......…….and 7. Sympathetic G. Ad hoc
he fell. 8. Temporarily H. Incline
6. His advice was always …....…..and practical. 9. Tend I. Dubious

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Basic Vocabulary GENERAL ENGLISH

Exercise-22B Exercise-23C
A B (tie, tool, trace, transform, tidy)
1. Text A. Object
2. Thickly B. Hunger 1. She keeps her flat very…….................…
3. Thing C. Complete 2. She ….........….. the newspapers in a bundle.
4. Thirst D. Compete
5. Thorough E. Densely 3. Always select right.............…… for the job.
6. Take off F. Write
7. Take on G. Fly 4. I have been unable to …….........…… the letter

you mentioned.
Exercise-22C
(take on, survivor, survive, suspicious, thorough) 5. It was an event that would…...………my life.
1. The police carried out a …...… investigation.
2. India …..........……….West indies tomorrow. Exercise-24A
3. He became…..............…….of his behaviour A B
and contacted the police. 1. Unfair A. Hostile
4. He is the only …………...... of the massacre. 2. Unfriendly B. Insignificant
5. The children ……….. by begging and stealing.
3. Unimportant C. Combine
4. Unite D. Strange
Exercise-23A
5. University E. Strong desire
A B
1. Tidy A. Instrument 6. Unnecessary F. Worthless
2. Tie B. Conveyance 7. Unusual G. Unjust
3. Tool C. Behave
4. Total D. To be present 8. Urge H. Superfluous
5. Transport E. Kind 9. Useless I. Varsity
6. Treat F. Fasten
7. Treatment G. Arrange
8. Turn out H. Conduct Exercise-24B
9. Type I. Entire A B
1. Variation A. Same
Exercise-23B 2. Vast B. Through
A B
1. Ugly A. Faint 3. Very C. Prey
2. Uncontrolled B. Two times 4. Via D. Noted
3. Unconscious C. Net
4. Twice D. Rely 5. Victim E. Huge
5. Trap E. Reject 6. Well known F. Essential
6. Trust F. Unrestrained
7. Turn down G. Threatening 7. Vital G. Difference

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n`f"V ifCyds'kUl Basic Vocabulary

Exercise-24C Exercise-25B
(unlike, violent, unfair, upstairs, unwilling) A B
1. He had been given an …....…….. advantage. 1. Achilles’ heel A. Very fast
2. ….........…….. most systems, this is very easy
2. At a stretch B. Basics
to install.
3. They are……............…. to invest any more 3. By leaps and bounds C. By any means
money in the project. 4. Abc D. Punish
4. She went ….................……..to get dressed.
5. There was a…....…..reaction from the public. 5. By hook or by crook E. Weak point
6. Bring to book F. Continuous
Exercise-25A
7. At one’s wits’ end G. In writing
A B
1. Wife A. Will 8. Black and white H. Free

2. Wise B. Forest 9. At large I. Confused

3. Wish C. Anxious Exercise-25C
4. Woods D. Take down (worse, yet, withdraw, worried, whoever)
5. Worried E. Complete 1. Send it to ……........…..is in charge of sales.
2. He ……….....his support from our companion.
6. Write F. Prayer
3. Doctors are ………….....about the possible
7. Yet G. Prudent
spread of the disease.
8. Worship H. Better half 4. The crisis was getting worse and…........……..
9. Whole I. Still 5. I haven’t received the letter from him….....….

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