NATIONAL SENIOR
CERTIFICATE
BUSINESS STUDIES
TERM 3: PROJECT
MARKING GUIDELINE
MARKS: 50
This marking guideline consists of 07 pages including the cover page.
Business Studies/Project Limpopo DOE/Aug 2025
Grade 12 (Marking Guide)
QUESTION 1: HUMAN RIGHTS, INCLUSIVITY & ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
1.1 TWO human rights in the workplace.
- Privacy √
- Dignity √
- Equity √
- Freedom of speech and expression √
- Information √
- Safety, security and protection of life √
NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only. (2 x 1) (2)
1.2 Diversity issue and benefits of diversity.
1.2.1 Identify the diversity issues from the scenario.
- Disability √√ (2)
1.2.2 The benefits of diversity in the workplace.
- Workforce diversity improves the ability of businesses √
to solve problems/innovate/cultivate diverse markets. √
- Employee's value each other's diversity √ and learn to connect/
communicate across lines of difference. √
- Diversity in the workforce improves √ the morale/motivation amongst
employees. √
- Employees demonstrate greater loyalty to businesses √ because they
feel respected/accepted/understood. √
- Diversified workforce can give businesses a competitive advantage, √
as they can render better services. √
- Being respectful of differences/demonstrating diversity √ makes good
business sense/improves profitability. √
- Diverse businesses ensure that their policies/practices empower
every employee √ to perform at his/her full potential. √
- Stakeholders increasingly evaluate businesses √ on how they
manage diversity in the workplace. √
- Employees from different backgrounds √ can bring different
perspectives to businesses. √
- A diversified workforce stimulates debate √ on new/improved ways of
getting things done. √
- Employees represent various groups √ and are therefore better able
to recognise customer needs/satisfy consumers. √
- Businesses with a diverse workforce are more likely to have a good
public image √ and attract more customers. √
- Any other relevant answer related to the benefits of diversity in
the workplace.
Max (6)
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Business Studies/Project Limpopo DOE/Aug 2025
Grade 12 (Marking Guide)
1.3 Strategies businesses may use to protect the environment and
human health.
- Machines must be serviced/maintained regularly in the workplace. √√
- Educate people about hygiene issues. √√
- Encourage employees to do regular health checks. √√
- Minimise pollution, by re-using, reducing and recycling. √√
- Become involved in environmental awareness programmes. √√
- Water for human consumption should be tested before it is used. √√
- Physical working conditions should always be worker friendly, safe and
promote occupational health. √√
- Physical working conditions such as adequate lighting/ventilation should
be available and functional. √√
- Reduce consumption of goods/services which are environmentally
unfriendly. √√
- Laws and regulations should be adhered to so that profits are not
generated at the expense of the environment. √√
- Pollution and other environmental issues should always be considered in
all business activities, such as safe disposal of waste/dumping of toxic
waste. √√
- The environment can be protected by altering production techniques in
favour of cleaner and greener technologies. √√
- Register/Engage with recognised institutions/bodies that promote green
peace. √√
- Promote nature conservation by looking after natural resources. √√
- Any other relevant answer related to strategies businesses may use to
protect the environment and human health.
Max (4)
[14]
QUESTION 2: SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, CSR & CSI
2.1 Corporates Social Investment (CSI) focus areas.
- Community√
- Rural development√
- Employees√
- Environment√
NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only. (2 x 1)
(2)
2.2 Corporate social responsibility/CSR
2.2.1 Advantages of corporate social responsibility/CSR for businesses
from the scenario.
- MJ’s employees feel that they are making a difference in working for
the business. √
- MJ also attracts experienced employees, which increases productivity. √
NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only.
2. Only award marks for responses that are quoted
from the scenario. (2 x 1) (2)
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Business Studies/Project Limpopo DOE/Aug 2025
Grade 12 (Marking Guide)
2.2.2 Other advantages of CSR for businesses.
- Positive/Improved image as the business looks after
employees/conducts itself√ in a responsible way. √
- Promotes customer loyalty√ resulting in more sales. √
- CSR projects may be used as a marketing strategy√ to promote their
products. √
- Businesses may have a competitive advantage, √ resulting in good
publicity/an improved reputation. √
- CSR projects promote teamwork√ within businesses. √
- Gives businesses tax advantages√ such as tax reduction/-rebates. √
- The business enjoys the goodwill/support of communities. √
- CSR helps to attract investors√ because of increased profits/
income/growth. √
- Assists in solving socio-economic issues√ like poverty/ unemployment.
√√
- The government is less likely to enforce issues√ through legislation to
businesses that voluntarily participate in CSR projects. √
- It helps to retain staff/lower staff turnover √ as employees' health and
safety are considered. √
- Improves the health of its employees√ through focused CSR projects. √
- Any other relevant answer related to the advantages of CSR for
businesses.
NOTE: Do not award marks for responses that were quoted
in QUESTION 2.2.1. Max (4)
2.3 Dealing with HIV/Aids as a socio- economic issue.
- Businesses should offer counselling programmes/train counsellors √ to
support infected and affected persons/employees. √√
- Develop counselling programmes for infected/affected persons/employees.√√
- Conduct workshops on HIV/Aids programmes/campaigns. √
- Roll out anti-retroviral (ARV) treatment programmes (ART) for the infected
employees. √√
- Encourage employees to join HIV/Aids support groups. √ √
- Develop strategies to deal with stigma and discrimination. √√
- Participate in the HIV/Aids prevention programmes implemented in the
community. √√
- Support initiatives provided by non-governmental organisations/ community-
based organisations/non-profit HIV/Aids programmes. √√
- Any other relevant answer related to ways in which businesses can deal with
HIV/AIDS as a socio-economic issue. Max (4)
[12]
4
Business Studies/Project Limpopo DOE/Aug 2025
Grade 12 (Marking Guide)
QUESTION 3: PRESENTATION AND DATA RESPONSE
3.1 Examples of non-verbal presentations
- Tables√
- Graphs/bar graph/line graph/histogram/pie chart/-graph√
- Diagrams √
- Illustrations/Pictures/Photographs/Scenarios /Models√
- Written/Business reports√
- Flip charts √
- Handouts/Print outs√
- Slide shows/Power Point√
NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only. (2 x 1) (2)
3.2 Presentation.
3.2.1 Factors to be considered when preparing for a presentation.
- To ensure effective time management, she rehearsed her presentation
precisely √
- Sekete used visual aids to strategically combine and convey facts to the
board of directors. √
NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only.
2. Only award marks for responses that are quoted
from the scenario. (2 x 1) (2)
3.2.2 Factors to be considered by the presenter while presenting.
- Establish credibility by introducing yourself as the presenter at the
start.√√
- Mention/Show most important information first. √√
- Make the purpose/main points of the presentation clear at the start of the
presentation. √√
- Use suitable section titles/headings/sub-headings/bullets. √√
- Summarise the main points of the presentation to conclude the
presentation. √√
- Stand in a good position/upright, where the audience can clearly see the
presenter/presentation. √√
- Avoid hiding behind equipment. √√
- Do not ramble on at the start, to avoid losing the audience/their
interest√√
- Capture listeners' attention/Involve the audience with a variety of
methods, e.g. short video clips/sound effects/humour, etc. √√
- Maintain eye contact with the audience. √√
- Be audible to all listeners/audience. √√
- Vary the tone of voice/tempo within certain sections to prevent
monotony.√√
- Make the presentation interesting with visual aids/anecdotes/
examples /Use visual aids effectively. √√
- Use appropriate gestures, e.g. use hands to emphasize points. √√
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Business Studies/Project Limpopo DOE/Aug 2025
Grade 12 (Marking Guide)
- Speak with energy and enthusiasm. √√
- Pace yourself/Do not rush or talk too slowly. √√
- Keep the presentation short and simple. √√
- Conclude/End with a strong/striking ending that will be remembered.
- Ensure that the audience will leave with/take away specific information/
benefits. √√
- Include a statement/quote that will allow a professional/striking ending.
√√
- Manage time effectively to allow time for questions. √√
- Any other relevant answer related to factors to be considered by the
presenter while presenting.
Max (4)
3.3 Impact of hand-outs as a type of visual aid.
Positives/Advantages
- Meaningful hand-outs may be handed out at the start of the
presentation√
to attract attention/encourage participation. √
- Notes/Hard copies of the slide presentation can be distributed at the end
of the presentation √ as a reminder of the key facts of the presentation. √
- It is easy to update hand-outs √ with recent information/developments. √
- Notes may be compared with electronic slides/PowerPoint √ to validate/
compare the accuracy of the information. √
- Extra information such as contact details/price lists may be handed out √
to promote the services of the business. √
- Useful information for improving the next presentation may be obtained,
√
when the audience completes feedback questionnaires after the
presentation. √
- Any other relevant answer related to the positive impact/advantages of
hand-outs as a type of visual aid.
AND/OR
Negatives/Disadvantages
- Handing out material at the start of the presentation √ may distract/lose
audience attention. √
- Summarises key information, √ and some details might be lost/
Omitted√ / Limited information√ may not capture the detailed objectives
of the presentation. √
- Printed material is expensive √ and it is easy to lose hard copies. √
- Increases the risk of unauthorised duplication √ and the use of
confidential
information. √
- Hand-outs cannot be combined with audio material, √ it only focuses on
the visual aspects of the support material. √
- Any other relevant answer related to the negative impact/disadvantages
of hand-outs as a type of visual aid.
Max
(4) [14]
QUESTION 4: FORMS OF OWNERSHIP
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Business Studies/Project Limpopo DOE/Aug 2025
Grade 12 (Marking Guide)
4.1 Unlimited liability
- The owner’s personal assets maybe seized√ to pay for the debts of the
business.√ (2)
4.2 Forms of Ownership.
4.2.1 Identify the form of Ownership from the scenario.
- Non-Profit Company √√ (2)
4.2.2 The disadvantages of a Non-Profit Company.
- Need professional assistance√ to set up this organisation. √
- Does not generate enough capital√ to cover their expenses. √
- Donations√ may not always be enough. √
- Assets are not distributed√ to the members upon closing. √
- Creating a non-profit company takes time/effort/money.
- Obtaining grants can be a slow√ and tiring process. √
- Incorporators cannot take along the assets accumulated by the NPC√
if they decide to leave. √
- They are not allowed to pay√ bonuses to members. √
- Any other relevant answer related to the disadvantages of a non-profit
company.
Max (4)
4.3 Contribution of capital to the success and/or failure of a private company.
SUCCESS FACTORS AND/OR FAILURE FACTORS
- Large amount of capital can - It cannot grow into a very large
business since it cannot invite the
be raised since there is no
limit on the number of public to buy shares. √√
shareholders. √√
- The company can - Restrictions on transferability of
access long term capital shares may not attract financially
and therefore has good long strong investors. √√
term growth opportunities. √√
- Even though shares are not - Large amount of capital cannot
freely transferable, large be obtained as capital
private companies can raise contribution is only limited to
considerable amount of private shareholders. √√
capital. √√
- More capital can be raised by
issuing shares to
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Business Studies/Project Limpopo DOE/Aug 2025
Grade 12 (Marking Guide)
shareholders. √√
Capital
- Any other relevant answer - Any other relevant answer related
related to how capital can
contribute to the success of a to how capital can contribute to
private company. the failure of a private company.
NOTE: 1. The answer does not have to be in tabular format.
2. Mark either success AND/OR failure. Max (4)
[12]
TOTAL: 50
