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GD and T Symbol

GD&T, or Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, is a standardized method for defining the size, form, orientation, and location of parts to ensure proper manufacturing and fit. The document outlines various GD&T symbols, including straightness, flatness, circularity, and others, each controlling specific tolerances for part features. It also notes that the ASME Y14.5 2018 standard has withdrawn two symbols: concentricity and symmetry.

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José Luis Silva Manriquez
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2K views19 pages

GD and T Symbol

GD&T, or Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, is a standardized method for defining the size, form, orientation, and location of parts to ensure proper manufacturing and fit. The document outlines various GD&T symbols, including straightness, flatness, circularity, and others, each controlling specific tolerances for part features. It also notes that the ASME Y14.5 2018 standard has withdrawn two symbols: concentricity and symmetry.

Uploaded by

José Luis Silva Manriquez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

GD&T Symbols

Explained
GD&T stands for Geometric Dimensioning and
Tolerancing. It's a standardized way engineers
describe the size, form, orientation, and location of
parts. Think of it as clear instructions for
manufacturing that prevent misunderstandings
and ensure parts fit together perfectly.
Straightness
Controls the allowable variation of a line
element or axis, ensuring the part remains
within a straight line tolerance zone.
Flatness
Defines the tolerance zone between two
parallel planes within which the entire
surface must lie.
Circularity
Controls how closely a part's cross-
sectional profile matches a perfect circle,
defining a tolerance zone around the
circular element.
Profile of a Line
Specifies the tolerance for variations
along a two-dimensional cross-sectional
line or curve, controlling shape deviations
precisely.
Profile of a Surface
Controls the shape and orientation of
surfaces in three dimensions, defining a
uniform tolerance zone around the
intended surface.
Parallelism
Ensures two surfaces or axes maintain
consistent spacing, staying within parallel
tolerance boundaries.
Perpendicularity
Establishes a precise 90-degree orientation
between surfaces or axes, creating a
defined perpendicular tolerance zone.
Angularity
Controls a specific angular relationship
other than 90 degrees, ensuring accuracy
within a defined angular tolerance zone.
Position
Precisely specifies the exact permissible
location for a feature like a hole or pin,
typically relative to datums, within a
cylindrical or rectangular tolerance zone.
Concentricity
Controls the center-to-center deviation of
cylindrical features around a datum axis,
ensuring uniformity within a cylindrical
tolerance zone.
Symmetry
Ensures a feature is evenly positioned on
either side of a central plane or axis,
specifying equal deviation within a
defined tolerance zone.
Circular Runout
Controls variations in circularity and
alignment of a rotating part relative to a
datum axis at each cross-sectional
measurement.
Total Runout
Controls the combined variations of
circularity, straightness, and taper along
the entire length of a rotating surface or
feature, relative to a datum axis.
ASME Y14.5 2018

The ASME standard had 14 basic symbols


for defining geometric features. Two of
these symbols: concentricity and
symmetry, have been withdrawn from the
toolset.
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