There are 5 steps to connect any java application with the database using JDBC.
These
steps are as follows:
o Register the Driver class
o Create connection
o Create statement
o Execute queries
o Close connection
1) Register the driver class
The forName() method of Class is used to register the driver class. This method is used to
dynamically load the driver class.
Syntax of forName() method
public static void forName(String className)throws ClassNotFoundException
Example to register the OracleDriver class
Here, Java program is loading oracle driver to esteblish database connection.
[Link]("[Link]");
2) Create the connection object
The getConnection() method of DriverManager class is used to establish connection with the
database.
Syntax of getConnection() method
1) public static Connection getConnection(String url)throws SQLException
2) public static Connection getConnection(String url,String name,String password)
throws SQLException
Example to establish connection with the Oracle database
Connection con=[Link]( "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe","s
ystem","password");
3) Create the Statement object
The createStatement() method of Connection interface is used to create statement. The object
of statement is responsible to execute queries with the database.
Syntax of createStatement() method
public Statement createStatement()throws SQLException
Example to create the statement object
Statement stmt=[Link]();
4) Execute the query
The executeQuery() method of Statement interface is used to execute queries to the database.
This method returns the object of ResultSet that can be used to get all the records of a table.
Syntax of executeQuery() method
public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql)throws SQLException
Example to execute query
ResultSet rs=[Link]("select * from emp");
while([Link]()){
[Link]([Link](1)+" "+[Link](2));
}
5) Close the connection object
By closing connection object statement and ResultSet will be closed automatically. The close()
method of Connection interface is used to close the connection.
Syntax of close() method
public void close()throws SQLException
Example to close connection
[Link]();
Java Database Connectivity with Oracle
To connect java application with the oracle database, we need to follow 5 following steps. In this example,
we are using Oracle 10g as the database. So we need to know following information for the oracle database:
1. Driver class: The driver class for the oracle database is [Link].
2. Connection URL: The connection URL for the oracle10G database
is jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe where jdbc is the API, oracle is the database, thin is the
driver, localhost is the server name on which oracle is running, we may also use IP address, 1521 is
the port number and XE is the Oracle service name. You may get all these information from the
[Link] file.
3. Username: The default username for the oracle database is system.
4. Password: It is the password given by the user at the time of installing the oracle database.
Create a Table
Before establishing connection, let's first create a table in oracle database. Following is the SQL query to
create a table.
create table emp(id number(10),name varchar2(40),age number(3));
To connect java application with the Oracle database [Link] file is required to be
loaded.
download the jar file [Link]
Two ways to load the jar file:
1. paste the [Link] file in jre/lib/ext folder
2. set classpath
1) paste the [Link] file in JRE/lib/ext folder:
Firstly, search the [Link] file then go to JRE/lib/ext folder and paste the jar file here.
2) set classpath:
There are two ways to set the classpath:
o temporary
o permanent
How to set the temporary classpath:
Firstly, search the [Link] file then open command prompt and write:
1. C:>set classpath=c:\folder\[Link];.;
How to set the permanent classpath:
Go to environment variable then click on new tab. In variable name write classpath and
in variable value paste the path to [Link] by appending [Link];.; as
C:\oraclexe\app\oracle\product\10.2.0\server\jdbc\lib\[Link];.;
