Draft Resolution 2.
Committee: United Nations Security Council
Agenda: Deliberation on the escalation of proxy warfare and the transnational utilisation of non-state
armed actors as instruments of strategic influence, with special emphasis on the conflicts in Yemen, Gaza,
and the Sahel Corridor
Sponsors: Islamic Republic of Iran, Federative Republic of Brazil
Signatories: Russian Federation, People’s Republic of China, the Republic of Chile, Democratic People’s
Republic of Korea, United Mexican States, the Kingdom of Norway, United Kingdom of Great Britain,
Syrian Arab Republic, the Republic of Colombia, Republic of Finland, United Arab Emirates, the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, People’s Republic of China,
The Security Council,
● Recalling Chapter VI of the Charter of the United Nations, in particular Articles 33-38, which
provide for the pacific settlement of disputes through negotiation, enquiry, mediation and other
peaceful means,
● Bearing in mind the continued destabilizing impact of illicit arms flows, which exacerbate
conflicts and hinder post-conflict recovery across the Middle East,
● Deeply concerned by persistent reports of unauthorized transfers of conventional weapons and
ammunition to non-state armed groups, including by indirect or covert means, in contravention of
international law,
● Reaffirming that all Member States have an obligation under customary international law and the
Arms Trade Treaty to exercise due diligence to prevent the illicit transfer and diversion of arms,
● Emphasizing the importance of transparency, confidence-building and regional cooperation in
preventing arms races and reducing the risk of armed conflict, as reflected in relevant provisions
of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Chemical Weapons
Convention,
● Guided by the principle of sovereign equality of all States, and the need to ensure that no State
may invoke veto or bilateral security arrangements to evade its obligations under regional arms-
control agreements,
● Noting the of the need to balance security-driven trade measures with the legitimate economic
needs of vulnerable Third-Party States, in accordance with Articles 23 and 25 of the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,
1. Decides to establish, under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, the Middle East Regional Arms-
Control Framework (MERACF) with a mandate to enhance transparency and prevent illicit arms
flows in the region;
2. Encourages the creation of a trigger-based support mechanism under MERACF, whereby any
Member State experiencing spikes in armed violence or displacement shall be eligible for
technical assistance in border control, stockpile security, and weapons decommissioning, funded
through a Regional Assistance Trust;
3. Invites Member States to adopt domestic legislation criminalizing the diversion of humanitarian
aid based on Articles 2 and 16 of ARSIWA with universal-jurisdiction provisions;
4. Decides to create a WTO-style Retaliatory Tariff Mechanism to be triggered when a Member
State is credibly found to materially support non-state armed groups in violation of international
law;
5. Requests the UN Secretariat, in cooperation with the WTO, to develop within six months:
(a) criteria for categorizing exports into “necessary” and “non-necessary” goods,
(b) guidelines for calibrated tariff imposition that protect third-party vulnerable economies;
6. Calls upon affected Member States to impose retaliatory tariffs only on non-necessary goods, in
strict accordance with Articles 23 and 25 of the GATT, and to inform the Security Council and
WTO Dispute Settlement Body within 30 days of such measures;
7. Decides to mandate the UN Human Rights Council’s Working Group on the Use of Mercenaries
hereby redesignated as an Open-Ended Intergovernmental Working Group (OEIGWG) to:
a) Issue an authoritative interpretative declaration that any PMSC personnel “directly
participating in hostilities” shall be deemed State organs under ILC Articles 4 to 8;
b) Monitor, report, and publicly censure any State or private employer failing to comply with this
interpretation;
8. Affirms that under the Corfu Channel principle, a State is responsible for failing to prevent
foreseeable wrongful acts within its territory;
9. Decides that instances of state-facilitated aid blockades or diversions such as the interruption of
humanitarian assistance to Gaza, East Jerusalem, and Yemen constitute violations of Articles 23,
55, 59 of the fourth Geneva Convention and Article 8 of the Rome Statue, warranting targeted
measures under Chapter VII;
10. Reaffirms the implementation of UN-monitored humanitarian corridors, as mandated under
UNSC Resolution 2165, and calls for the integration of satellite-based verification mechanisms
and biometric tracking where feasible, to ensure the secure, transparent, and uninterrupted
delivery of humanitarian aid to civilian populations in need, irrespective of political or territorial
control;
11. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council within 90 days on
implementation progress of all mechanisms established herein;
12. Decides to remain seized of the matter.
