A job for life? A CE TD 4 VOCABULARY work a Look at some adjectives which are often used to describe jobs. With a partner, brainstorm three jobs which could be described with each of the adjectives. challenging jepetitive rewarding b @p.163 Vocabulary Bank Work ¢ What qualities and features are important to you in a job? ‘mma Rosen had one of the best, most sought-after graduate jobs in the country, in the civil service.20,000 people apply, but fewer than 1,000 are offered jobs. But it turned out that she didnt like commuting and she didn't like sitting at a desk all day, and she struggled to see how what she was doing would make ‘much difference to anything,’I thought, Get overt, you're being, a snowflake millennia,” she says. "Thad a job for life. I thought, ‘Tm so lucky to be here, I can't believe 'm not enjoying it. What's wrong with me? Why am Iso ungrateful and selfish?” ma could have gone to work every day and complained about her job until she reached retirement age. Instead, she decided to find out what made her happy, what her skills were, and what sort of career would use them. She wrote a bucket list of the jobs she had wanted to do since childhood and set about {getting two-week placements in all of th ‘year. She was 24 years old, and before her 25th birthday she m, over the course of Ihenever you are asked ifyou can do ajob, tll ‘em, ‘Certainly | ean. Then get busy and find out how to do i Theodore Roorov, US President 1901-1909 2 READING & LISTENING a 25 jobs before Look at the title of the article and the five photos of Emma Rosen. What job do you think she's doing in each photo? Read the article once and check your answers to a. Then answer the questions with a partner. What qualification did Emma need for her job as a civil servant? 2 What did she see as the pros and cons of the job? 3. How did she prepare for her year trying out different jobs? 4. Did you want to do any of the jobs Emma mentions when you were growing up? she was 25 ‘wanted to have tried out at least 25 different jobs. She spent the months before she resigned from the civil service saving up her salary to cover the cost of her year off, and spent all her free time setting up the different jobs. There was archaeology in Transylvania, property development for a company in London, alpaca farming in Cornwall, wedding photography, travel writing, interior d ism, landscape gardening, marketing. TV pro‘ publishing ~ all things that I thought I might want to do! Glossary snowflake (infoxmal, disapproving) a person who is too sensitive to citciam and millennial century bucket ea plac ‘person who became an adultin the early 2st alist of things people want to do in thei lifetime, they ket ravelto|Work 1 ADJECTIVES So when itcome to selecting STAFF these are “the quaitios Im looking for” a Match sentences 1-8 to A-H. 1 IG My job as a divorce lawyer is very shallenging /*feelindsin 2. Working as a checkout assistant can be a bit monotonous jinsinoianos and repetitive ptt 3 [Hl Ima primary school teacher. I find working with children very rewarding sv odin (fulfilling ‘foil. 4-10) Lwork ina small design company ‘and my job's really motivating ‘maotivertiy 5 [ll Being a surgeon is very demanding rima:ndiy 6: Lalways wanted an exciting jo, but sadly, mine is incredibly tedious "isis 7 He's ina dead-end ‘en job in the local factory. 8 1) She's got a very high-powered hha ‘pavod job in finance. A have to do exactly the same thing every day. B I never mind having to work overtime. Ctttests my abilities ina way that keeps me interested. D It'simportant and comes with a lot of responsibilty. E It’sreally boring and it makes me feel impatient al the time. F Itmakes me happy because it’s useful and important. G The wages are low and there's no hope of promotion. H It’s very high pressure and you have to work long hours. b @1.10 Listen and check. ACTIVATION. Think of a job you could describe with each adjective in 1. VOCABULARY BANK 2 COLLOCATIONS a Complete the sentences with a word from A and a word from B. A academic career (x2) B experience hunting ladder civil events fast job manager _move qualifications work servants track 1 Fm hoping it'l be a good career move to go from publishing to advertising. 2 I've been unemployed for six months now, so | spend most of my time - 3. My brother works as an organizing conferences. 4 left school at 15, so | had to look for a job that didn’t require any 5. My problem is that all the jobs I want to apply for ask for some. and as I've just finished university, | don't have ary, 6 I'm a junior doctor, and if| want to move up the. I need to work in several different hospitals and departments, 7 In Britain, people who work for government departments are called 8 In some careers, people with very good qualifications are put onto a so they get promoted more quickly. b @1.11 Listen and check. © Complete the two words which collocate with the groups below. What do the phrases mean? maternity freelance paternity permanent sick \ {opp temporary /fixedsterm) | compassionate full-time (opp parttime) unpaid 2er0-hours 3 THE SAME OR DIFFERENT? a Look at the bold pairs of words or phrases. Write $ if they have the same or a very similar meaning and D if they are different. If ‘the meaning is different, what's the difference? If the meaning is the same, is there a difference in register? 1 1S! 1 get on very well with my colleagues / co-workers. I've had enough of my job. | think Im going to quit / resign. Three-quarters of the staff / workforce are women. 400 workers have been laid off / made redundant. He's been out of work / off work for nearly six months She was sacked / was fired for refusing to work on Sundays. Fantastic news! 'm going to get promoted / get a pay ri What skills / qualifications do you have? We're too busy ~ we need to hire / employ more staff, 10. The salary’sa bit low, but we have some great perks / benefits b @ 1.12 Listen and check. @p.0¢ @1.13 You're going to listen to an interview with Emma. Which of the jobs she mentions in the last paragraph of the article do you think she liked the most / the least? Listen to Part 1 and check. Glossary networking trying to meet and talk to other people who may be useful toyou in your work cold-calling telephoning somebody that you do not know, in order to sell them something or get them to do something for you shear Jin cut the woolof an animal, eg. a sheep typo /aipau! a small mistake in 9 text d_ With a partner, look at the points below and see if you can remember any of the information from Emma's answers. Then listen again and make notes about: 1 how she got the jobs. 2 what she could find out about a job in two weeks. 3. why it didn't matter that she didn't have qualifications for the jobs. 4 what the job she liked best involved. 5 what she didn't like about her least favourite job. @ @ 1.14 Now listen to Part 2. Choose a, b, or c. 1. One thing Emma learned from the experience was that a she enjoyed things that she was good at bb she discovered what her ideal job was she might end up doing many different jobs 2 She thinks that in the future young people wil still be doing 9-5 jobs b people will no longer retire in their 60s € people will need many more technical skills 3 One thing she thinks young people need to learn is how to___ that might help them in their career. a form relationships b choose subjects © get qualifications 4 At the moment Emma 2. only works as a writer bb teaches journalism in a public schoo! ¢ doesn't have one specific job 5. Emma believes that what jobs she does in the future may depend on where she decides to live 'b how old she is ¢ how many children she has f Imagine you have decided to do the same thing as Emma. Make a list of five jobs you would like to try. Then compare with a partner and explain why you chose the jobs. Do you both agree with Emma's view that a career for life no longer exists? 3 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING the rhythm of English ‘D Fine-tuning your pronunciation: the chythm of English In spoken English, words with two or more syllables have one main stressed syllable. In sentences, some words have stronger stress and other words are weaker. This pattern of strong and weak stress gives English its rhythm. Stressed words in a sentence are usually content words, e.g. nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Unstressed words tend to be function words and include auxiliary verbs, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, and possessive adjectives. a @1.15 Listen to some extracts from Emma's interview in 2. Then practise saying them, trying to copy the rhythm as exactly as possible. 1 twas ust enough to get a flavour of 2 I wasn't expected to have qualifications or to lead my own work 3 The first half of each day was traditional farming jobs 4 Networking was a big part of it, to. 5. But what | found out was that that’s not necessarily rue ata b Choose two people you know: one who really likes their job and one who doesn't. k about: ‘+ what their job is and what it involves. ‘+ what kind of company or organization they work for, or whether they are self-employed. ‘+ how long they have been doing the job, and what they did before. ‘+ how they feel about their job and why. ‘¢ _Insmall groups, describe the people in b. Try to use natural rhythm. d_ Of the jobs that you have all described in your group, each say if there is one that. Q youwould quite like to ty you might consider trying if you needed the money. you would never do under any circumstances.READING The Guardian runs a weekly series called What I'm really thinking, where people in different jobs or situations reveal their true feelings. Look at the titles of the three articles. What do you think each person might like and dislike about their job? Read the articles and check your answers to a. Which person, A-C,...? 11H enjoys their job the most 2. enjoys their job the least 3.1 doesn’t have a good relationship with some of heir colleagues 4. trains others as part of their job 5 | struggles with the lack of sleep 6 1 helps people in need Read the articles again. With a partner, say what you think the people mean by the following phrases or sentences. 1 suit’s my structure and my sanity 2... challenge someone's expectations a litte bit. 3 .cnight receptionist’ is not a good thing to put on a Cv. 4 Travelling against commuter trafic is great. 5 ..have random weekdays off. 6 ...with almost zero opportunities to develop broader interests. Look at the highlighted phrases in the articles and work out their meaning from the context. Then match them to definitions 1-7. 1 = managed to arrive 2 = not understood the ‘most important fact 3 = do things spontaneously, without reflecting 4 = defend myself 5 = continue working hard without respite 6 = ended a long time ago 7 = reasonable, acceptable Were you surprised by anything the three people said? What I’m really © The female boxing coach Apparently, I don’t look like a boxer. I get told that alot. I've lost count of the ‘number of times people hhave exclaimed, ‘What about your nose?’ and ‘What if you mess up your face?’ They've missed the point: Im not a model, so ‘what does it matter if my nose isn't straight? And anyway, boxing means more to me than that its my structure and my sanity. Cheaper than therapy, that's what we say. Injuries are part of the game, but I've been lucky so far. {As the only gil in my gym, Im aware that Im a novelty. I've always been ‘a tomboy, though, so it doesnt bother me to train with the blokes. Some ‘men dont like to box with a woman, and that's fair enough. But mostly they get used to it, ‘When I'm notin the mood and consider giving up, I think about the children I help teach, There are a couple of young girls coming up who are really good and I want to be an example, Every time I hold my own in the ring, | challenge someone's expectations a litle bt, and I'm proud of myself for that. The night receptionist People assume | get bored, but Tenjoy the solitude I like the hourly ‘walks through the quiet corridors and listening to the patter of the rain on the windows while enjoying a cup of tea. I enjoy finishing a good book or watching the birds inthe car park feeding on the muffins I put out yesterday, ‘The tiredness is the hardest. Sometimes | have a good routine and my sleep is not affected. Other times, l walk into doors, zombie-like, and ‘occasionally I've been surprised to find that I've actually made it home. ‘My husband tells me I should find a new job, and Thave been applying. for some since I began working here, but ‘night receptionist’ is not a 300d thing to put on a CV. I'm good with people; | just dont like a lot of them. But though my job often perpetuates this dislike, I am compassionate towards those in need, I never think twice about letting someone in from the cold, or giving away a free room ifit is a genuine cause. But ifthe intercom goes off at 2 a.m. and I see a couple who can hardly stand, I'll probably say the hotel is full, even when it isnt, especially if I've just made a tea,5 GRAMMAR discourse markers (1): linkers hinki Match them to the jobs from the list. What point is each person making about their job? © The orchestral aa ‘ABE doctor [ll dental hygienist. ll fashion stylist, musician political advisor university lecturer 999 operator 1 Although it is not my place to judge, I get frustrated sometimes. The man f ‘who rang because his toothpaste was burning his mouth; the mother whose baby was afraid ofa fly 2 When youare really disengaged and disconnected, Isee hands reach for phones in bags. Sometimes you even pass notes and giggle. Yet I also see you when you laugh at my jokes. 3. 'mexhausted. [tis demoralizing to start a shift only to find thatthe department already has a four-hour wait to see someone. There are people lining the corridors, and there is nowhere to take new patients, ‘and consequently the wait gets longer. 4 One supermodel arrived ata shoot three hours late, then spent another couple of hours looking at Twitter while everyone waited for her. Then she was a nightmare. She was a world-class bully, and said she had never ‘met anyone as rude as me. However, | fought back and she was lovely after that ~ though she made me sign a non-disclosure agreement not to talk about the shoot 5. I'monly here infotderto help get you elected. But why you? Yes, 1 know, you won the party’s nomination, but did they realize that, despite your firm handshake and boyish charm, you know as much about corporate Tagettione tite fer eee natn fe tax policy as I know about astrophysics? free to wander while I play. The thrill of this being a fresh challenge has long gone: 6 Tknow it’s not the most pleasant experience, $6 I try to alleviate the Tjust want to get to the end of the concert ba and go home. Travelling against commuter ; . : traffic is great, but is also a reminder that b With a partner, write the highlighted linkers in the correct most people are on their way to relax and column, I'm only just getting started resul n rf e Werte not all friends. The person on my aly pene paresss) sone right had an affair with the person on Although my left, and the ex sits close by. People fraternize exclusively according to the instrument they play. especially on tour. Late nights and out-of town work mean often get home after midnight, but I sleep ¢ © p.143 Grammar Bank 1B only around six hours or ll miss the family |g in the only halthour we have together. 1 work most weekends and holidays, then have random weekdays off. The freelance Cee Pane ~ @1.17 Now listen and complete the sentences from d. Are they nose tothe grindstone, with almost zer ml - Spparnikier ts dsveloy brcader nba eat, similar to what you predicted? ora social life outside @ 1.16 Listen and write the first halves of eight sentences. Compare with a partner, and then decide together how you think the sentences might continue.1B GRAMMAR BANK discourse markers (1): linkers result 1 Ihave a job interview next week, 40 I've bought myself a suit 2 had snowed hard all night. As a result, the airport was closed until 11.00 a.m, We regret that you do not have the necessary qualifications and therefore / consequently we are unable to offer you the jab. 1 soi the most common way of introducing a result ora logical connection, 2 es4 result, therefore, snd consequently (more formal than s0) are often used at ‘the beginning ofa sentence or clause. + therefore and consequenty can ao be used before a main verb, e.g, We hove therefore / consequently decided not to offer you the job. 1 Ive stopped emailing her, because / as /sinee she never answers me. Can! go home, seeing as / seeing that there's no work to do? 2. The plane was late because of the fog, Flight 241 has been delayed due to / owing to adverse weather conditions 1 because, as, and since more formal are synonyms and are used to introduce clauses giving a reason. as and since are often used atthe beginning of a Sentence, eg. AS/ Since the ran hasn't stopped, we've decided no! to go out. {+ We can use secing ar / that to give a reason for what we're saying. 2 because of, due to, and owing to also express the reason for something. They ‘are usualy followed by a noun, a gerund, or the fact that + clause. ‘+ due to and owing to are more formal than becouse of Purpose 1 Idid a language course to in order to / s0as to improve my English 2. He closed the door quietly 20 as not to / in order not to wake the baby. 3 They moved to London so that) they could see their grandchildren more of 4 rmnot going to tel Amy, in case she tells everyone else and £0. to introduc by an infinitive. tos the most informal. 2 For negative purpose we use s0 a5 ot to or in order net to, 3 We can also use so (that) + can / could + verb or will/ would + verb to express ppurpore. that can be left out in informal English. ‘+ Uso so that) when there isa change of subject in the clause of purpose, 0.9 She puta blanket over the baby 30 (tha) he wouldn't be cold. 4 Wo use in azo + a clause when we do something in order to be ready for future situations / problems, or to avoid them. clause of purpose and ar all followed contrast 1 The meeting was OK, but the journey home was a nightmare. ‘Agnes was attracted to the stranger, yet something in her head was telling her not to get close to him, it may be too expensive. it was hard to find our way. 2. Vie enjoyed the film although / even though / though it waslong, 3. Inspite of / Despite being 85, she stil travels ll over the world In spite of/Despiteher age... Inspite of / Despite the fact that she's 85, 1 buts the most common and informal way of introducing contvast and is normally used to link two contrasting points within a sentence. yeti used in the Same way, bt is more formal / literary. + however and nevertheless are normally used atthe beginning ofa sentence to connect tothe previous one and are usualy followed by a comma, ‘nevertheless (or nonetheless is more formal / literary than however. ‘even though ie more emphatic than although. though is more common in informal speech. 3 Alter in spite of and despite, use a gerund, @ noun, or the fact that + clause. er. Even thougBY Despite she's working really hard, don't think she'll be able to catch up. 1 We cant afford to havea holiday this year 28/ yet we've got an overdraft at the bank 2 Could we rearrange my timetable so that / im case don'thave so many lasses on Fridays? 3 'got tothe interview on time due to/ im spite ofthe fact that my tain was ate 4 ian worth phoning John, seeing that / 0 that he's arriving i five ranutes 5 He gets a good salary though since the job itselis quite monotonous. Eircthe better option according to register. Sales have increased over the last sx months. S0/ Thereford ve willbe taking on five now employe 1 ve been of work forthe last three days bocause of/ owing tothis nasty cough Ive got 2 The organization has severe financial problems, and s0/ consequently half the Etaff have been lid off 3 The company has reported declining sales this year Nevertheless / But, they have so far managed to avoid any staf cuts 4 stopped ata service station o/ in order to filup with petrol. 5 thought it was an amazing book. twas abit pressing, though / however 4 We regret to announce thatthe performance has been cancalled due to/ becouse of technical problems Join the sentences using the bold word(s), making any necessary changes. We only use energy-efficient ight bulbs. We don't want to waste electricity. 0 as We only use eneray-eficient light bulbs so 2s not to waste elect 1. Ourseats were a long way from the stage. We enjoyed the play. In s We —_ 2 Ittook us ages to get there. The traffic was heavy. because of Ie 3 took the price off the bag. I didn’t want Becky to know how much it had cost. $0 Ir 4 Keep the receipt for the sweater. Your dad ‘might not lke it. in ease Keep — 5. Susanna isan only child. She isn't at all spoil. Even though Susanna 6 Prices have risen. Production costs have increased. due to Prices:eS eptee VOCABULARYas‘anexoncausrewne souiwaseromnneanacencn” —« Rasereten ete PRONUNCIATION SPEAKING =nt Amat 8a mens