SAMPLE TYPE OF PAPER

Subject: Physics
Total Marks: 50
Time Allowed: 3 Hours
Instructions:

• Attempt all questions.

• Show complete calculations in numerical problems.

• Draw diagrams where necessary.

• Marks are indicated in brackets.

QUESTION 1: SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION & INTERFERENCE (15 Marks)

(a) Derive the equation of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) using Newton’s Second Law. (5)
(b) Explain the conditions necessary for interference to occur. (5)
(c) Differentiate between constructive and destructive interference with proper equations. (5)

QUESTION 2: WAVE OPTICS & DIFFRACTION (10 Marks)

(a) Explain the concept of diffraction and derive the condition for the first minimum in single-slit
diffraction. (5)
(b) A monochromatic light of wavelength 500 nm is incident on a single slit of width 0.025 mm. Calculate
the angle for the first diffraction minimum. (5)

QUESTION 3: PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT & COMPTON SCATTERING (15 Marks)

(a) State and explain Einstein’s photoelectric equation. Discuss its experimental verification. (5)
(b) When light of wavelength 320 nm is incident on a metal surface, photoelectrons are emitted with a
maximum kinetic energy of 2.0 eV. Determine the work function of the metal. (5)
(c) An X-ray photon of wavelength 0.12 nm is scattered at an angle of 50° from an electron at rest.
Calculate the change in wavelength due to Compton scattering. (5)

QUESTION 4: QUANTUM MECHANICS & DE BROGLIE WAVES (10 Marks)

(a) Explain the concept of wave-particle duality and discuss De Broglie’s hypothesis with supporting
experimental evidence. (5)
(b) An electron is moving with a speed of 3 × 10⁶ m/s. Calculate its De Broglie wavelength. (5)
 PRACTICE QUESTIONS

❖ Chapter 3: Simple Harmonic Motion & Interference (10-15 Numericals)

1. A 3.94 kg block extends a spring 15.7 cm from its unstretched position. The block is removed,
and a 0.52 kg object is hung vertically from the same spring. Find the time period of
oscillation.

2. An oscillator consists of a block of mass 0.512 kg set into oscillation with an amplitude of 34.7
cm. The motion repeats every 0.48 seconds. Find the frequency of oscillation.

3. A simple pendulum has a length of 1.5 m. Find its period of oscillation.

4. A mass of 1 kg attached to a spring executes SHM with an angular frequency of 4 rad/s. Find
its time period.

5. Two waves of amplitudes 2 cm and 3 cm interfere constructively. Find the resultant

amplitude.

6. In a Young’s double-slit experiment, the distance between the slits is 0.3 mm, and the screen
is 2 m away. If the wavelength of light used is 600 nm, find the fringe width.

7. Find the path difference for constructive interference in a wave of wavelength 550 nm.

8. In an interference experiment, two waves arrive at a point with phase difference of π/2
radians. If the amplitude of individual waves is 4 cm, find the resultant amplitude.

9. A wave has a frequency of 500 Hz and a speed of 340 m/s. Calculate its wavelength.

10. An oscillator consists of a mass of 0.2 kg and a spring constant of 50 N/m. Find the time period
of oscillation.

11. Find the time period of a system where a spring extends by 5 cm under a load of 1 kg.

12. If a wave has a frequency of 400 Hz and travels with a speed of 350 m/s, find its wavelength.

13. Two coherent waves meet with an initial phase difference of π radians. If their amplitudes are
5 cm each, determine the resultant amplitude.

14. A sound wave of frequency 600 Hz moves at 340 m/s in air. Find its wavelength.

15. Two waves of intensity I1 = 4 W/m² and I2 = 9 W/m² interfere constructively. Find the
resultant intensity.

❖ Chapter 4: Wave Optics & Diffraction (10-15 Numericals)

1. The double-slit arrangement is illuminated by light of wavelength 546 nm. The slits are 12 mm
apart, and the screen on which the interference pattern appears is 55 cm away. What is the
angular position of the first minimum and the tenth maximum?
 2. A diffraction grating has 4000 lines per cm. Find the angle of the first-order maximum for light
of wavelength 500 nm.

3. A single slit of width 0.02 mm is illuminated with light of wavelength 550 nm. Find the angle
for the first diffraction minimum.

4. Light of wavelength 450 nm is incident on a double-slit setup with a slit separation of 0.5 mm.
If the screen is 2 m away, calculate the fringe width.

5. The distance between two slits in Young’s experiment is 0.2 mm, and the screen is placed 1 m
away. The wavelength of the light used is 600 nm. Calculate the distance between two
adjacent bright fringes.

6. In an experiment using a diffraction grating with 5000 lines per cm, a wavelength of 650 nm is
used. Determine the angle for the second-order diffraction maximum.

7. If unpolarized light of intensity 100 W/m² passes through a polarizer, what will be the
intensity of the transmitted light?

8. A He-Ne laser (λ = 632.8 nm) is used in a double-slit experiment. If the slits are 0.1 mm apart
and the screen is 1.5 m away, find the fringe width.

9. A single slit of width 0.04 mm is illuminated by light of wavelength 500 nm. Find the position
of the second minimum on a screen 1.2 m away.

10. Find the Brewster angle for light traveling from air (n = 1.00) into glass (n = 1.5).

11. In a Young’s double-slit experiment, the fringe width is found to be 3 mm when using light of
wavelength 600 nm. If the slit separation is doubled, find the new fringe width.

12. A single slit is illuminated with light of wavelength 450 nm. If the width of the slit is 0.03 mm,
determine the angular width of the central maximum.

13. A beam of unpolarized light with intensity 250 W/m² passes through two polarizers at an
angle of 30°. Determine the final transmitted intensity.

14. A diffraction grating with 6000 lines/cm is used with light of wavelength 700 nm. Find the
highest order of diffraction visible.

15. The wavelength of light used in a double-slit experiment is 589 nm, and the distance between
the slits is 0.3 mm. Find the fringe width on a screen 1.2 m away.

❖ Chapter 5: Photoelectric Effect, Compton Effect & De Broglie Waves (10-15

Numericals)
1. A photon of wavelength 400 nm is incident on a metal with a work function of 2.5 eV. Find the
maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons.

2. Light of wavelength 200 nm is used in a photoelectric experiment, and the stopping potential
is found to be 1.8 V. Calculate the work function of the metal.
 3. An X-ray photon of wavelength 0.15 nm is scattered at an angle of 45°. Calculate the Compton
shift.

4. The threshold frequency of a certain metal is 6 × 10¹⁴ Hz. Determine its work function.

5. A metal has a work function of 2.8 eV. Find the threshold wavelength for the photoelectric
effect.

6. A photon has an energy of 3.5 eV. Calculate its wavelength.

7. A beam of electrons is moving with a velocity of 2.5 × 10⁶ m/s. Calculate their de Broglie
wavelength.

8. A neutron moving at 500 m/s has a mass of 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg. Find its de Broglie wavelength.

9. If an X-ray photon undergoes Compton scattering at 60°, calculate the change in its
wavelength.

10. A light of frequency 8 × 10¹⁴ Hz is incident on a metal. The stopping potential is 1.2 V. Find the
work function of the metal.

11. The wavelength of a photon is 250 nm. Determine its energy in electron volts.

12. A proton is moving at a velocity of 1 × 10⁵ m/s. Find its de Broglie wavelength.

13. Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of electrons emitted from a surface with a work
function of 3 eV when illuminated with light of wavelength 250 nm.

14. A photon of energy 5 eV is incident on a metal surface with a work function of 3 eV. Find the
stopping potential.

15. An X-ray photon undergoes Compton scattering at 90°. Determine the change in its
wavelength

SOLUTIONS
❖ Chapter 3: Simple Harmonic Motion & Interference
1. Time Period of Oscillation: 0.64 s

2. Frequency of Oscillation: 2.08 Hz

3. Simple Pendulum Period: 2.47 s

4. Angular Frequency: 1.57 rad/s

5. Resultant Amplitude: 5.38 cm

6. Fringe Width: 4 mm
 7. Path Difference for Constructive Interference: 550 nm

8. Resultant Amplitude of Interfering Waves: 5.66 cm

9. Wavelength of Wave: 0.68 m

10. Time Period of Spring System: 0.89 s

11. Spring System Time Period with Given Extension: 0.45 s

12. Wavelength of Given Frequency Wave: 0.875 m

13. Resultant Amplitude of Waves with π Phase Difference: 0 cm

14. Wavelength of Sound Wave: 0.566 m

15. Resultant Intensity: 13 W/m²

❖ Chapter 4: Wave Optics & Diffraction

1. Angular Position of 1st Minima & 10th Maxima: 2.6° & 26°

2. Angle of 1st Order Maximum in Diffraction Grating: 7.17°

3. Single-Slit Diffraction Angle: 1.38°

4. Fringe Width in Double-Slit Experiment: 2.4 mm

5. Separation of Adjacent Fringes: 3 mm

6. Second-Order Maximum Angle in Diffraction Grating: 14.5°

7. Intensity After Polarization: 50 W/m²

8. Fringe Width with He-Ne Laser: 9.49 mm

9. Position of Second Minimum in Single-Slit: 3 mm

10. Brewster’s Angle for Air-Glass: 56.3°

11. New Fringe Width After Doubling Slit Separation: 1.5 mm

12. Angular Width of Central Maximum: 3.81°

13. Final Intensity After Two Polarizers at 30°: 187.5 W/m²

14. Maximum Order of Diffraction Visible: 4

15. Fringe Width for Given Wavelength & Slit Separation: 2.36 mm

❖ Chapter 5: Photoelectric Effect & Quantum Mechanics

1. Max KE of Emitted Electrons: 0.605 eV
2. Work Function of Metal: 3.38 eV

3. Compton Wavelength Shift: 0.00243 nm

4. Work Function from Threshold Frequency: 2.48 eV

5. Cutoff Wavelength: 443 nm

6. Photon Energy: 3.54 eV

7. De Broglie Wavelength of Electrons: 0.29 nm

8. De Broglie Wavelength of Neutron: 0.497 nm

9. Wavelength Shift for X-ray at 60°: 0.0035 nm

10. Work Function from Stopping Potential: 2.02 eV

11. Photon Energy for Given Wavelength: 4.97 eV

12. De Broglie Wavelength of Proton: 39.3 fm

13. Max KE of Photoelectrons: 1.96 eV

14. Stopping Potential for Given Energy: 2.0 V

15. Compton Shift at 90°: 0.00486 nm