Here’s a short note on CNG (Compressed Natural Gas):
● Definition: CNG is compressed natural gas, mainly composed of methane (CH₄ ~ 90%),
stored under high pressure (200–250 bar).
● Source: Extracted from natural gas fields or associated gas from crude oil.
● Properties:
○ Colorless, odorless, non-toxic gas (odorant added for leak detection).
○ Lighter than air → disperses quickly, reducing fire risk.
○ High octane number (good for engines).
● Uses:
○ Fuel for vehicles (cars, buses, auto-rickshaws).
○ Power generation and small-scale industrial use.
● Advantages:
○ Eco-friendly – emits less CO₂, CO, SO₂, and particulate matter compared to
petrol/diesel.
○ Cheaper than petrol and diesel.
○ Higher efficiency and longer engine life.
● Disadvantages:
○ Requires bulky and heavy cylinders for storage.
○ Limited refueling stations compared to petrol/diesel.
○ Slightly lower power output in vehicles than petrol/diesel.
● Relevance in India:
○ Promoted as a clean fuel in cities to reduce air pollution.
○ Widely used in Delhi NCR, Mumbai, Lucknow, Patna, etc.
○ Government promotes it under the National Natural Gas Grid and Green Fuel
Policy.
