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Jss1 Basic Science First Term

Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space, including both living and non-living entities. It can be identified through properties such as life, color, size, shape, and taste, and exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas, each characterized by the movement of its particles. Solids have a definite shape and are hard to compress, liquids take the shape of their container and have a fixed volume, while gases have no definite shape and are easily compressed.

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853 views1 page

Jss1 Basic Science First Term

Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space, including both living and non-living entities. It can be identified through properties such as life, color, size, shape, and taste, and exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas, each characterized by the movement of its particles. Solids have a definite shape and are hard to compress, liquids take the shape of their container and have a fixed volume, while gases have no definite shape and are easily compressed.

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Tunmight Aos
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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 MATTER

MEANING OF MATTER
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
Matter can be living things such as plants and animals, it can also be non- living things e.g. stones, tables,
spoons, papers, etc.
NOTE: Living things are matters that have life in them, while non- living things are matter that have no life in
them.

IDENTIFICATION OF MATTER
Matter can be identified based on the following criteria
1.Life in them 2. Colour 3. Size 4.Shape 5. Taste
The above are properties of matter which can be used to identify them.
Let’s take SUGAR and IRON as examples.
Sugar is a white crystalline solid which dissolves in water and tastes sweet, while IRON is metallic lustre. It can
get rusted in the presence moisture and gives reddish deposit.

STATE OF MATTER
Matter can exist in three states, namely:
1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas
The fundamental difference between these three states of matter is the degree of movement of their particles.

SOLID
1. The particles are closely packed and held firmly together by forces of cohesion.
2. The force of cohesion determines the strength of restriction of movement of particles.
3. The particles can only vibrate and rotate about a fixed position.
4. Solids have definite shape and are difficult to compress.

LIQUID
1. The particles are slightly further apart than in solids.
2. The particles vibrate, rotate and translate.
3. Their movement are restricted.
4. They have volume but have no definite shape, instead assume the shape of the container in which they
are placed.
5. Liquid are difficult to compress.

GASES
1. The particles are further spaced apart than in liquid.
2. The particles vibrate, rotate and translate with more particles.
3. The particles are free to move in all directions at great speed.
4. The particles are restricted by the wall of the container.
5. Gases have no definite shape.
6. They occupy the whole volume of their container.
7. Gases are easily compressed.

EVALUATION 1
1. What is matter?
2. Give two main classifications of matter with four examples each.
EVALUATION 2
1. List five properties of matter by which they can be identified
2. Give five examples of matter in your environment that can be identified by using colour.
EVALUATION 3
1. Name the three states of matter.
2. State three properties for each of the states of matter.

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