Question ID ac472881

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: ac472881

In the given equation, and are constants, and . If the equation has infinitely many solutions, what is the value of ?

ID: ac472881 Answer

Correct Answer:
403
Rationale
The correct answer is 403. For a linear equation in one variable to have infinitely many solutions, the coefficients of the
variable must be equal on both sides of the equation and the constant terms must also be equal on both sides of the
43𝑥 + 7 𝑠 𝑠
equation. The given equation can be rewritten as 4 - 13 = 𝑟𝑥 - 8, or 3𝑥 + 7 - 13 = 𝑟𝑥 - 8. Applying the distributive property
𝑠
to the right-hand side of this equation yields 3𝑥 + 7 - = 𝑟𝑥 - 8𝑟. For this equation to have infinitely many solutions, the
13
coefficients of 𝑥 must be equal, so it follows that 3 = 𝑟. Additionally, the constant terms must be equal, which means
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
7 - = - 8𝑟. Substituting 3 for 𝑟 in this equation yields 7 - = - 83, or 7 - = - 24. Adding to both sides of this equation
13 13 13 13
𝑠 𝑠
yields 7 = - 24 + 13 . Adding 24 to both sides of this equation yields 31 = 13
. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 13
yields 403 = 𝑠. Therefore, if the equation has infinitely many solutions, the value of 𝑠 is 403.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID e25f0807
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: e25f0807

The table shows two values of and their corresponding values of . The graph of the linear equation representing this
relationship passes through the point . What is the value of ?

ID: e25f0807 Answer

Correct Answer:
16.25, 65/4
Rationale
65
The correct answer is 4
. The linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚
and 𝑏 are constants. It's given in the table that when 𝑥 = - 12, 𝑦 = - 45. Substituting -12 for 𝑥 and -45 for 𝑦 in the equation
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields -45 = - 12𝑚 + 𝑏, which can be rewritten as -45 + 12𝑚 = 𝑏. It's also given in the table that when 𝑥 = 6,
𝑦 = 45. Substituting 6 for 𝑥 and 45 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 45 = 6𝑚 + 𝑏, which can be rewritten as
45 - 6𝑚 = 𝑏. Substituting -45 + 12𝑚 for 𝑏 in this equation yields 45 - 6𝑚 = - 45 + 12𝑚. Adding 6𝑚 to both sides of this
equation yields 45 = - 45 + 18𝑚. Adding 45 to both sides of this equation yields 90 = 18𝑚. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 18 yields 5 = 𝑚, or 𝑚 = 5. Substituting 5 for 𝑚, -12 for 𝑥, and -45 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
-45 = 5 ( - 12 ) + 𝑏, or -45 = - 60 + 𝑏. Adding 60 to both sides of this equation yields 15 = 𝑏. Therefore, 𝑚 = 5 and 𝑏 = 15.
Substituting 5 for 𝑚 and 15 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 15. Thus, the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 15 represents
the linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦. It’s also given that the graph of the linear equation representing this
1 1 1
relationship passes through the point 4 , 𝑎. Substituting 4 for 𝑥 and 𝑎 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 15 yields 𝑎 = 5 4 + 15,
5 65
which is equivalent to 𝑎 = + 15, or 𝑎 = . Note that 65/4 and 16.25 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
4 4

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID 9b886541
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 9b886541

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9b886541 Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It's given that 3𝑥 - 8 = 7. Adding 8 to both sides of this equation yields 3𝑥 = 15. Adding 8 to both sides of
this equation yields 3𝑥 + 8 = 23. Therefore, the value of 3𝑥 + 8 is 23.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 3𝑥 + 8.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 9b0a4eae
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 9b0a4eae

The graph in the xy-plane models the possible combinations of length , , and width , in meters, for a
rectangle with a perimeter of . Which statement is the best interpretation of the point in this context?

A. The length is less than the perimeter, and the width is less than the perimeter.

B. The length is , and the width is .

C. The length is , and the width is .

D. The length is less than the perimeter, and the width is less than the perimeter.

ID: 9b0a4eae Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that the graph in the xy-plane models the possible combinations of length 𝑥, in meters (m), and
width 𝑦, in meters, for a rectangle with a perimeter of 36 m. Since 𝑥 represents the length, in meters, and 𝑦 represents the
width, in meters, the point ( 8, 10 ) in the xy-plane represents a rectangle whose length is 8 m and whose width is 10 m.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is an interpretation of the point ( 10, 8 ) , not ( 8, 10 ) .

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 7fac16fb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 7fac16fb

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

ID: 7fac16fb Answer

Correct Answer:
69
Rationale
7
The correct answer is 69. The value of 𝑓 ( 20 ) can be found by evaluating the function 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 + 55 for 𝑥 = 20.
10
7
Substituting 20 for 𝑥 in this function yields 𝑓 ( 20 ) = ( 20 ) + 55, or 𝑓 ( 20 ) = 69. Therefore, the value of 𝑓 ( 20 ) is 69.
10

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID f14484a5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: f14484a5

A manufacturing plant makes -inch, -inch, and -inch frying pans. During a certain day, the number of -inch frying pans
that the manufacturing plant makes is times the number of -inch frying pans it makes, and the number of -inch frying
pans it makes is . During this day, the manufacturing plant makes frying pans total. Which equation represents this
situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f14484a5 Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It's given that during a certain day, the number of 9-inch frying pans the manufacturing plant makes is 𝑛
and the number of 7-inch frying pans it makes is 10. It's also given that during this day the number of 10-inch frying pans that
the manufacturing plant makes is 4 times the number of 9-inch frying pans, or 4𝑛. Therefore, the total number of 7-inch, 9-
inch, and 10-inch frying pans the manufacturing plant makes is 𝑛 + 10 + 4𝑛, or 5𝑛 + 10. It's given that during this day the
manufacturing plant makes 100 frying pans total. Thus, the equation 5𝑛 + 10 = 100 represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID 1087f6c4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 1087f6c4

Isabel ordered topsoil and crushed stone, which cost a total of , for her garden. The given equation represents the
relationship between the number of cubic yards of topsoil, , and the number of tons of crushed stone, , Isabel ordered.
How much more, in dollars, did a ton of crushed stone cost Isabel than a cubic yard of topsoil?

ID: 1087f6c4 Answer

Correct Answer:
0.25, 1/4
Rationale
The correct answer is .25. It’s given that the topsoil and crushed stone Isabel ordered for her garden cost a total of $ 641. It’s
also given that the equation 24.5𝑥 + 24.75𝑦 = 641 represents the relationship between the number of cubic yards of topsoil,
𝑥, and the number of tons of crushed stone, 𝑦, that Isabel ordered. Since 𝑥 represents the number of cubic yards of topsoil
ordered, 24.5𝑥 represents the total cost, in dollars, of the topsoil, and the cost per cubic yard of topsoil is $ 24.50. Similarly,
since 𝑦 represents the number of tons of crushed stone ordered, 24.75𝑦 represents the total cost, in dollars, of crushed stone
ordered, and the cost per ton of crushed stone is $ 24.75. Therefore, a ton of crushed stone cost Isabel 24.75 - 24.50, or 0.25,
more dollars than a cubic yard of topsoil. Note that .25 and 1/4 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 4d8ccb96
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 4d8ccb96

A chemist studying the impact of salt on a process mixes kilograms of a low-salt mixture, which is salt by weight, with
kilograms of a high-salt mixture, which is salt by weight, to create kilograms of a mixture that is salt by
weight. Which equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4d8ccb96 Answer

Correct Answer:
B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that a chemist mixes 𝑥 kilograms of a low-salt mixture, which is 2% salt by weight. Multiplying
0.02 by the amount of the low-salt mixture, 𝑥 kilograms, yields 0.02𝑥 kilograms of salt in the low-salt mixture. It's also given
that the chemist mixes 𝑦 kilograms of a high-salt mixture, which is 96% salt by weight. Multiplying 0.96 by the amount of the
high-salt mixture, 𝑦 kilograms, yields 0.96𝑦 kilograms of salt in the high-salt mixture. Therefore, the total amount of salt in the
combined mixture is 0.02𝑥 + 0.96𝑦 kilograms. It's given that the low-salt mixture and the high-salt mixture together create 24
kilograms of a combined mixture that is 4% salt by weight. Thus, the amount of salt in the combined mixture is 0.04 ( 24 )
kilograms. Since the total amount of salt in the combined mixture equals the amount of salt in the low-salt mixture and the
amount of salt in the high-salt mixture, the equation 0.02𝑥 + 0.96𝑦 = ( 0.04 ) ( 24 ) represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the low-salt mixture is 96%, not 2%, salt by weight and the
high-salt mixture is 2%, not 96%, salt by weight.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the low-salt mixture is 96%, not 2%, salt by weight and the
high-salt mixture is 2%, not 96%, salt by weight, and where the combined mixture contains 24 kilograms of salt, not 24
kilograms of a mixture that is 4% salt by weight.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the combined mixture contains 24 kilograms of salt, not 24
kilograms of a mixture that is 4% salt by weight.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 9d4270fe
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 9d4270fe

A company that creates and sells tape dispensers calculates its monthly profit, in dollars, by subtracting its fixed monthly
costs, in dollars, from its monthly sales revenue, in dollars. The equation represents this situation
for a month where tape dispensers are created and sold. Which statement is the best interpretation of in this
context?

A. The monthly sales revenue, in dollars, from selling tape dispensers

B. The monthly sales revenue, in dollars, from each tape dispenser sold

C. The monthly cost, in dollars, of creating each tape dispenser

D. The monthly cost, in dollars, of creating tape dispensers

ID: 9d4270fe Answer

Correct Answer:
A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the equation 15,000 = 2.00𝑥 - 4,500 represents this situation for a month where 𝑥 tape
dispensers are created and sold. It’s also given that the company calculates its monthly profit, in dollars, by subtracting its
fixed monthly costs, in dollars, from its monthly sales revenue, in dollars. It follows that 2.00𝑥 represents the monthly sales
revenue, in dollars. Therefore, the best interpretation of 2.00𝑥 in this context is the monthly sales revenue from selling 𝑥 tape
dispensers.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of 2.00, not 2.00𝑥.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of 4,500, not 2.00𝑥.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 7625073d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 7625073d

The equation represents the number of blue tiles, , and the number of green tiles, , an artist needs for an
-square-inch tile project. The artist needs blue tiles for the project. How many green tiles does he need?

ID: 7625073d Answer

Correct Answer:
49
Rationale
The correct answer is 49. It’s given that the equation 7𝑔 + 7𝑏 = 840 represents the number of blue tiles, 𝑏, and the number of
green tiles, 𝑔, an artist needs for an 840-square-inch tile project. It’s also given that the artist needs 71 blue tiles for the
project. Substituting 71 for 𝑏 in the equation 7𝑔 + 7𝑏 = 840 yields 7𝑔 + 7 ( 71 ) = 840, or 7𝑔 + 497 = 840. Subtracting 497
from both sides of this equation yields 7𝑔 = 343. Dividing both sides of this equation by 7 yields 𝑔 = 49. Therefore, the artist
needs 49 green tiles for the project.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 17d80dc3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 17d80dc3

In the xy-plane, line has a slope of and a y-intercept of . What is the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of line ?

ID: 17d80dc3 Answer

Correct Answer:
7
Rationale
The correct answer is 7. An equation of a line in the xy-plane can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of
the line and ( 0, 𝑏 ) is the y-intercept of the line. It’s given that line 𝑘 has a slope of 5 and a y-intercept of ( 0, − 35 ) .
Therefore, 𝑚 = 5 and 𝑏 = − 35. Substituting 5 for 𝑚 and −35 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 35. The x-
intercept of a line in the xy-plane is the point where the line intersects the x-axis, which is a point with a y-coordinate of 0.
Substituting 0 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 35 yields 0 = 5𝑥 − 35. Adding 35 to both sides of this equation yields 35 = 5𝑥.
Dividing both sides of this equation by 5 yields 7 = 𝑥. Therefore, the x-coordinate of the x-intercept of line 𝑘 is 7.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID df78b361
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: df78b361

Lily made cups of jam. Lily then filled small containers and large containers with all the jam she made. The equation
represents this situation. Which is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. The number of large containers Lily filled

B. The number of small containers Lily filled

C. The total number of cups of jam in the large containers

D. The total number of cups of jam in the small containers

ID: df78b361 Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that the equation 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 36 represents the situation where Lily filled 𝑥 small containers and
𝑦 large containers with all the jam she made, which was 36 cups. Therefore, 6𝑦 represents the total number of cups of jam in
the large containers.

Choice A is incorrect. The number of large containers Lily filled is represented by 𝑦, not 6𝑦.

Choice B is incorrect. The number of small containers Lily filled is represented by 𝑥, not 6𝑦.

Choice D is incorrect. The total number of cups of jam in the small containers is represented by 4𝑥, not 6𝑦.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 6cb9bf45
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 6cb9bf45

For which of the following tables are all the values of and their corresponding values of solutions to the given inequality?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6cb9bf45 Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. A solution ( 𝑥, 𝑦 ) to the given inequality is a value of 𝑥 and the corresponding value of 𝑦 such that the
value of 𝑦 is greater than the value of 7𝑥 - 4. All the tables in the choices have the same three values of 𝑥, so each of the
three values of 𝑥 can be substituted in the given inequality to compare the corresponding values of 𝑦 in each of the tables.
Substituting 3 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 > 7 ( 3 ) - 4, or 𝑦 > 17. Substituting 5 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields
𝑦 > 7 ( 5 ) - 4, or 𝑦 > 31. Substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the given inequality yields 𝑦 > 7 ( 8 ) - 4, or 𝑦 > 52. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 3,
𝑥 = 5, and 𝑥 = 8, the corresponding values of 𝑦 must be greater than 17, greater than 31, and greater than 52, respectively. In
the table in choice D, when 𝑥 = 3, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 21, which is greater than 17; when 𝑥 = 5, the corresponding
value of 𝑦 is 35, which is greater than 31; when 𝑥 = 8, the corresponding value of 𝑦 is 56, which is greater than 52. Of the
given choices, only choice D gives values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of 𝑦 that are all solutions to the given
inequality.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID af711d1b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: af711d1b

Distance (kilometers) Average time (minutes)

The table gives the average time , in minutes, it takes Carly to travel a certain distance , in kilometers. Which equation
could represent this linear relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: af711d1b Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. The average time 𝑡, in minutes, it takes Carly to travel a certain distance 𝑑, in kilometers, is given in the
table. This linear relationship can be represented by an equation in the form 𝑡 = 𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants. The
table shows that it takes Carly an average time of 8 minutes to travel 0.32 kilometers. Substituting 8 for 𝑡 and 0.32 for 𝑑 in
the equation 𝑡 = 𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏 yields 8 = 0.32𝑎 + 𝑏. Subtracting 0.32𝑎 from both sides of this equation yields 8 - 0.32𝑎 = 𝑏. The
table also shows that it takes Carly an average time of 14 minutes to travel 0.56 kilometers. Substituting 14 for 𝑡 and 0.56 for
𝑑 in the equation 𝑡 = 𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏 yields 14 = 0.56𝑎 + 𝑏. Subtracting 0.56𝑎 from both sides of this equation yields 14 - 0.56𝑎 = 𝑏.
Substituting 8 - 0.32𝑎 for 𝑏 in this equation yields 14 - 0.56𝑎 = 8 - 0.32𝑎. Subtracting 8 from both sides of this equation yields
6 - 0.56𝑎 = - 0.32𝑎. Adding 0.56𝑎 to both sides of this equation yields 6 = 0.24𝑎. Dividing both sides of this equation by 0.24
yields 25 = 𝑎. Substituting 25 for 𝑎 in the equation 8 = 0.32𝑎 + 𝑏 yields 8 = 0.32 ( 25 ) + 𝑏, or 8 = 8 + 𝑏. Subtracting 8 from
both sides of this equation yields 0 = 𝑏. Substituting 25 for 𝑎 and 0 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑡 = 𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏 yields 𝑡 = 25𝑑 + 0, or
𝑡 = 25𝑑.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 2869fe95
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 2869fe95

For a -week period in a town in Illinois, the lowest recorded temperature was degrees Fahrenheit and the highest
recorded temperature was . Which inequality is true for any recorded temperature , in , in this town for this -week
period?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2869fe95 Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given that for a 3-week period in a town in Illinois, the lowest recorded temperature was 31°F and the
highest recorded temperature was 67°F. It follows that the inequality 31 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 67 is true for any recorded temperature 𝑡, in °F,
in this town for this 3-week period.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID fb5e7f59
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: fb5e7f59

In the given system of equations, is a constant. In the xy-plane, the graphs of these equations intersect at the point
, where is a constant. What is the value of ?

ID: fb5e7f59 Answer

Correct Answer:
11
Rationale
The correct answer is 11. It’s given that the graphs of the equations in the given system intersect at the point ( 𝑞, 19 ) , where
𝑞 is a constant. Therefore, the coordinates of this point must satisfy both equations. Substituting the point ( 𝑞, 19 ) into the
first equation, -𝑥 - 𝑤𝑦 = - 337, yields -𝑞 - 𝑤 ( 19 ) = - 337. Adding 19𝑤 to both sides of this equation yields -𝑞 = - 337 + 19𝑤,
which is equivalent to 𝑞 = 337 - 19𝑤. Substituting the point ( 𝑞, 19 ) into the second equation yields 2𝑞 - 𝑤 ( 19 ) = 47.
Substituting 337 - 19𝑤 in place of 𝑞 in the equation 2𝑞 - 𝑤 ( 19 ) = 47 yields 2 ( 337 - 19𝑤 ) - 19𝑤 = 47. Applying the
distributive property to the left-hand side of this equation yields 674 − 38𝑤 − 19𝑤 = 47. Combining like terms on the left-
hand side of this equation yields 674 − 57𝑤 = 47. Subtracting 674 from both sides of this equation yields −57𝑤 = − 627.
Dividing both sides of this equation by −57 yields 𝑤 = 11.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID b2fe7ab6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: b2fe7ab6

For the linear function , the table shows four values of and their corresponding values of . The function can be
written as , where and are constants. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b2fe7ab6 Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It's given that for the linear function 𝑔, the table shows four values of 𝑥 and their corresponding values of
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) . It's also given that the function can be written as 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants. The table shows that
when the value of 𝑥 is 1, the corresponding value of 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) is 54. Substituting 1 for 𝑥 and 54 for 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) in 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
yields 54 = 𝑚 ( 1 ) + 𝑏 or, 54 = 𝑚 + 𝑏. Subtracting 𝑏 from both sides of this equation yields 54 - 𝑏 = 𝑚. The table also
shows that when the value of 𝑥 is 2, the corresponding value of 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) is 51. Substituting 2 for 𝑥 and 51 for 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) in
𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 51 = 𝑚 ( 2 ) + 𝑏, or 51 = 2𝑚 + 𝑏. Substituting 54 - 𝑏 for 𝑚 in this equation yields 51 = 2 ( 54 - 𝑏 ) + 𝑏.
Applying the distributive property to the right-hand side of this equation yields 51 = 108 - 2𝑏 + 𝑏, or 51 = 108 - 𝑏. Subtracting
108 from both sides of this equation yields -57 = - 𝑏. Dividing both sides of this equation by -1 yields 57 = 𝑏.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 68c5c81a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 68c5c81a

Anthony will spend at most to purchase small cheese pizzas and large cheese pizzas for a team dinner. The given
inequality represents this situation. Which of the following is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. The amount, in dollars, Anthony will spend on each large cheese pizza

B. The amount, in dollars, Anthony will spend on each small cheese pizza

C. The total amount, in dollars, Anthony will spend on large cheese pizzas

D. The total amount, in dollars, Anthony will spend on small cheese pizzas

ID: 68c5c81a Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given that Anthony will spend at most $ 115 to purchase 𝑥 small cheese pizzas and 𝑦 large cheese
pizzas. In the inequality 11𝑥 + 14𝑦 ≤ 115, 𝑦 represents the number of large cheese pizzas that Anthony will purchase. This
means the coefficient 14 represents the amount, in dollars, Anthony will spend on each large cheese pizza. Therefore, the
best interpretation of 14𝑦 in this context is the total amount, in dollars, Anthony will spend on large cheese pizzas.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of 14, not 14𝑦.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of 11, not 14𝑦.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of 11𝑥, not 14𝑦.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID c39dbbdf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: c39dbbdf

Line is defined by the equation . Line is parallel to line in the xy-plane. What is the slope of line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c39dbbdf Answer

Correct Answer:
B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It's given that line 𝑠 is parallel to line 𝑟 in the xy-plane. This means that the slope of line 𝑟 is equal to the
slope of line 𝑠. Line 𝑟 is defined by the equation 4𝑥 - 9𝑦 = 3. This equation can be written in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏,
where 𝑚 represents the slope of the line and 𝑏 represents the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the line. Subtracting 4𝑥 from
4 1
both sides of the equation 4𝑥 - 9𝑦 = 3 yields -9𝑦 = - 4𝑥 + 3. Dividing both sides of this equation by -9 yields 𝑦 = 9 𝑥 - 3 .
4 4
Therefore, the slope of line 𝑟 is 9 . Since parallel lines have equal slopes, the slope of line 𝑠 is also 9 .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑠, not the slope of line 𝑠.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 1e0a46e4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 1e0a46e4

Which system of linear equations has no solution?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1e0a46e4 Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. A system of linear equations can be solved by the elimination method. Multiplying the equation
-2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 9 by 2 yields -4𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 18. Adding this equation to the equation 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 = 18 yields 0 = 36, which has no
solution. It follows that the system of linear equations consisting of -2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 9 and 4𝑥 - 6𝑦 = 18 has no solution.

Choice A is incorrect. This system of linear equations has infinitely many solutions, rather than no solution.

Choice B is incorrect. This system of linear equations has one solution, rather than no solution.

Choice C is incorrect. This system of linear equations has infinitely

many solutions, rather than no solution.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID 4fb8adf7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 4fb8adf7

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4fb8adf7 Answer

Correct Answer:
A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The second equation in the given system is 𝑥 = 8. Substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the first equation in the given
system yields 4 ( 8 ) - 3𝑦 = 5, or 32 - 3𝑦 = 5. Subtracting 32 from both sides of this equation yields -3𝑦 = - 27. Dividing both
sides of this equation by -3 yields 𝑦 = 9. Therefore, the solution ( 𝑥, 𝑦 ) to the given system of equations is ( 8, 9 ) .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 4f8bd093
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 4f8bd093

What value of is the solution to the equation ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4f8bd093 Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. Subtracting 16𝑥 from both sides of the given equation yields 24 = 8𝑥. Dividing both sides of this
equation by 8 yields 3 = 𝑥. Therefore, the solution to the given equation is 3.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 76f29fa5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 76f29fa5

The cost to rent a commercial fishing boat from a certain company is for the first hours and an additional per
hour for each hour after the first hours. If the total cost to rent the commercial fishing boat from the company for hours,
where , is , which equation represents this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 76f29fa5 Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that the cost to rent a commercial fishing boat is $ 950 for the first 2 hours and an additional
$ 50 per hour for each hour after the first 2 hours. It’s also given that 𝑡 represents the total number of hours and 𝑡 > 2.
Therefore, the number of additional hours after the first 2 hours can be represented with the expression 𝑡 - 2. The cost for
these additional hours is $ 50 per hour, so the cost for the additional hours can be represented by the expression 50𝑡 - 2. The
total cost can be calculated by adding the cost for the first 2 hours to the cost for the additional hours and can be
represented by the expression 950 + 50𝑡 - 2. It’s also given that the total cost to rent the commercial fishing boat from the
company for 𝑡 hours is $ 1,100. Thus, the equation that represents this situation is 950 + 50𝑡 - 2 = 1,100.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 6d8ad460
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 6d8ad460

Line is shown in the xy-plane. Line (not shown) is perpendicular to line . What is the slope of line ?

ID: 6d8ad460 Answer

Correct Answer:
1.2, 6/5
Rationale
6
The correct answer is 5 . It’s given that line 𝑗 is perpendicular to line 𝑘 in the xy-plane. This means that the slope of line 𝑗 is the
opposite reciprocal of the slope of line 𝑘. For a line that passes through the points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 in the xy-plane, the slope
𝑦 -𝑦
of the line can be calculated as 2 1 . It's shown that line 𝑘 passes through the points ( - 6, 0 ) and ( 0, - 5 ) in the xy-plane.
𝑥2 - 𝑥1
𝑦2 - 𝑦1 -5 - 0 5 5 6
Substituting -6 for 𝑥1 , 0 for 𝑦1 , 0 for 𝑥2 , and -5 for 𝑦2 in yields , or - . The opposite reciprocal of - is . Therefore,
𝑥2 - 𝑥1 0- ( -6) 6 6 5
6
the slope of line 𝑗 is 5 . Note that 6/5 and 1.2 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID dcc4886a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: dcc4886a

One of the two equations in a system of linear equations is given. The system has infinitely many solutions. If the second
equation in the system is , where and are constants, what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dcc4886a Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that the system has infinitely many solutions. The graphs of two lines in the xy-plane
represented by equations in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 and 𝑏 are constants, have infinitely many solutions if
their slopes, 𝑚, are the same and if their y-coordinates of the y-intercepts, 𝑏, are also the same. The first equation in the given
2 2
system is 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3. For this equation, the slope is and the y-coordinate of the y-intercept is 3. If the second equation is in
7 7
the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, then for the two equations to be equivalent, the values of 𝑚 and 𝑏 in the second equation must equal
2
the corresponding values in the first equation. Therefore, the second equation must have a slope, 𝑚, of , and a y-coordinate
7
of the y-intercept, 𝑏, of 3. Thus, the value of 𝑏 is 3.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 0ef4a7b6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 0ef4a7b6

A particular botanist classifies a species of plant as tall if its typical height when fully grown is more than centimeters.
Each of the following inequalities represents the possible heights , in centimeters, for a specific plant species when fully
grown. Which inequality represents the possible heights , in centimeters, for a tall plant species?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0ef4a7b6 Answer

Correct Answer:
A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that a particular botanist classifies a species of plant as tall if its typical height when fully
grown is more than 100 centimeters. The inequality 106 < ℎ < 158 represents possible heights ℎ, in centimeters, for a plant
species when fully grown where ℎ is between 106 and 158 centimeters. Since all values of ℎ in this inequality are greater
than 100 centimeters, this inequality represents the possible heights for a tall plant species.

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents possible heights ℎ, in centimeters, for a plant species when fully grown
where ℎ is between 80 and 100 centimeters, not more than 100 centimeters.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents possible heights ℎ, in centimeters, for a plant species when fully grown
where ℎ is between 42 and 87 centimeters, not more than 100 centimeters.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents possible heights ℎ, in centimeters, for a plant species when fully grown
where ℎ is between 17 and 85 centimeters, not more than 100 centimeters.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 6e50ce28
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 6e50ce28

The sum of a number and is twice as large as a number . The number is less than the number . Which system of
equations describes this situation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6e50ce28 Answer

Correct Answer:
A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that the sum of a number 𝑥 and 7 is twice as large as a number 𝑦. This can be described by the
equation 𝑥 + 7 = 2𝑦. It’s also given that the number 𝑦 is 3 less than the number 𝑥. This can be described by the equation
𝑦 = 𝑥 - 3. Therefore, the system consisting of the equations 𝑥 + 7 = 2𝑦 and 𝑦 = 𝑥 - 3 describes this situation.

Choice B is incorrect. The equation 𝑦 = 3 - 𝑥 describes a situation where the number 𝑦 is 𝑥 less than 3.

Choice C is incorrect. The equation 2𝑥 + 7 = 𝑦 describes a situation where the number 𝑦 is twice the sum of a number 𝑥 and
7.

Choice D is incorrect. The equation 2𝑥 + 7 = 𝑦 describes a situation where the number 𝑦 is twice the sum of a number 𝑥 and
7, and the equation 𝑦 = 3 - 𝑥 describes a situation where a number 𝑦 is 𝑥 less than 3.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID feb78194
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: feb78194

A museum rents tablets to visitors. The museum earns revenue of for each tablet rented for the day. On Wednesday, the
museum earned in profit from renting tablets after paying daily expenses of . How many tablets did the museum
rent on Wednesday?

ID: feb78194 Answer

Correct Answer:
37
Rationale
The correct answer is 37. It's given that the museum earns revenue of $ 14 for each tablet rented for the day. It's also given
that on Wednesday, the museum earned $ 406 in profit from renting tablets after paying daily expenses of $ 112. Let 𝑥
represent the number of tablets the museum rented on Wednesday. It follows that the total revenue can be represented by
the expression 14𝑥. Because profit = total revenue - total expenses, the equation 406 = 14𝑥 - 112 represents this situation.
Adding 112 to both sides of this equation yields 14𝑥 = 518. Dividing both sides of this equation by 14 yields 𝑥 = 37.
Therefore, the museum rented 37 tablets on Wednesday.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID a7e2859a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a7e2859a

The cost of renting a large canopy tent for up to days is for the first day and for each additional day. Which of
the following equations gives the cost , in dollars, of renting the tent for days, where is a positive integer and ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a7e2859a Answer

Correct Answer:
A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the cost of renting a large canopy tent is $ 430 for the first day and $ 215 for each
additional day for up to 10 days. For 𝑥 days of renting the tent, the cost includes $ 430 for the first day and $ 215 for each of
the ( 𝑥 - 1 ) additional days. It follows that the cost 𝑦, in dollars, of renting the tent can be expressed as
𝑦 = 430 + 215 ( 𝑥 - 1 ) , which is equivalent to 𝑦 = 430 + 215𝑥 - 215, or 𝑦 = 215𝑥 + 215. Therefore, the equation
𝑦 = 215𝑥 + 215 gives the cost of renting the tent for 𝑥 days, where 𝑥 is a positive integer and 𝑥 ≤ 10.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the cost of renting the tent for the first day is $ 215, not
$ 430, and the cost for each additional day is $ 430, not $ 215.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the cost of renting the tent for the first day is $ 645, not
$ 430, and the cost for each additional day is $ 430, not $ 215.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the cost of renting the tent for the first day is $ 645, not
$ 430.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID bd45df49
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: bd45df49

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: bd45df49 Answer

Correct Answer:
D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The first equation in the given system of equations defines 𝑦 as 3𝑥 + 9. Substituting 3𝑥 + 9 for 𝑦 in the
second equation in the given system of equations yields 3 ( 3𝑥 + 9 ) = 8𝑥 - 6. Applying the distributive property on the left-
hand side of this equation yields 9𝑥 + 27 = 8𝑥 - 6. Subtracting 8𝑥 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 + 27 = - 6.
Subtracting 27 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 = - 33. Substituting -33 for 𝑥 in the first equation of the given
system of equations yields 𝑦 = 3 ( - 33 ) + 9, or 𝑦 = - 90. Substituting -33 for 𝑥 and -90 for 𝑦 into the expression 𝑥 - 𝑦 yields
-33 - ( - 90 ) , or 57.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦, not 𝑥 - 𝑦.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 𝑥 - 𝑦.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 0b0fa68b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0b0fa68b

For the function , for all values of , where is a positive constant. If , what is the value of ?

ID: 0b0fa68b Answer

Correct Answer:
.0465, 2/43
Rationale
2
The correct answer is 43
. It's given that 𝑓 ( 𝑐𝑥 ) = 𝑥 - 8 for all values of 𝑥, where 𝑐 is a positive constant, and 𝑓 ( 2 ) = 35.
2 2
Therefore, for the given function 𝑓, 𝑐𝑥 = 2. Dividing both sides of this equation by 𝑐 yields 𝑥 = 𝑐 . Substituting 𝑐
for 𝑥 in the
2𝑐 2 2
equation 𝑓 ( 𝑐𝑥 ) = 𝑥 - 8 yields 𝑓( ) = - 8, or 𝑓 ( 2 ) = - 8. Since it’s given that 𝑓 ( 2 ) = 35, substituting 35 for 𝑓 ( 2 )
𝑐 𝑐 𝑐
2 2
yields 35 = - 8. Adding 8 to both sides of this equation yields 43 = 𝑐 . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 𝑐 yields
𝑐
2
43𝑐 = 2. Dividing both sides of this equation by 43 yields 𝑐 = . Note that 2/43, .0465, 0.046, and 0.047 are examples of
43
ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID a91a2b75
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a91a2b75

The function is defined by . What is the -coordinate of the -intercept of the graph of in the
-plane?

ID: a91a2b75 Answer

Correct Answer:
9
Rationale
The correct answer is 9. The y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in the xy-plane is the point where the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )
crosses the y-axis, which occurs at 𝑥 = 0. It’s given that the function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = - 9𝑥 + 9. Substituting 0 for 𝑥
and 𝑦 for 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in this equation yields 𝑦 = - 9 ( 0 ) + 9, or 𝑦 = 9. It follows that 𝑦 = 9 when 𝑥 = 0 and that the y-intercept of
the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in the xy-plane is ( 0, 9 ) . Therefore, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in
the xy-plane is 9.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 1993561d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 1993561d

For the linear function , the graph of in the xy-plane has a slope of and passes through the point . Which
equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1993561d Answer

Correct Answer:
A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. An equation that defines a linear function 𝑓 can be written in the form 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the
slope of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in the xy-plane and ( 0, 𝑏 ) is the y-intercept of the graph. It’s given that for the linear function
1 1
𝑓, the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in the xy-plane has a slope of 4 . Therefore, 𝑚 = 4 . It’s also given that the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) passes
1
through the point ( 0, 5 ) . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph is ( 0, 5 ) , and it follows that 𝑏 = 5. Substituting 4
for 𝑚 and
1
5 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 + 5.
4

1
Choice B is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a y-intercept of ( 0, ) , not ( 0, 5 ) .
5

5
Choice C is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a y-intercept of ( 0, - ) , not ( 0, 5 ) .
4

Choice D is incorrect. This equation defines a function whose graph has a y-intercept of ( 0, - 5 ) , not ( 0, 5 ) .

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 65833256
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 65833256

What is the solution to the given system of equations?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 65833256 Answer

Correct Answer:
A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The given system of linear equations can be solved by the substitution method. The first equation in the
given system of equations defines 𝑦 as 6𝑥 + 16. Substituting 6𝑥 + 16 for 𝑦 in the second equation of the given system of
equations yields -7𝑥 - ( 6𝑥 + 16 ) = 36. Applying the distributive property on the left-hand side of this equation yields
-7𝑥 - 6𝑥 - 16 = 36, or -13𝑥 - 16 = 36. Adding 16 to both sides of this equation yields -13𝑥 = 52. Dividing both sides of this
equation by -13 yields 𝑥 = - 4. Substituting -4 for 𝑥 in the first equation of the given system of equations, 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 16, yields
𝑦 = 6 ( - 4 ) + 16, or 𝑦 = - 8. Therefore, the solution ( 𝑥, 𝑦 ) to the given system of equations is ( - 4, - 8 ) .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Medium
Question ID 0bd33265
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 0bd33265

The equation gives the corresponding temperature , in degrees Fahrenheit, of any substance that
has a temperature of kelvins, where . If a substance has a temperature of degrees Fahrenheit, what is the
corresponding temperature, in kelvins, of this substance?

ID: 0bd33265 Answer

Correct Answer:
515
Rationale
9 ( 𝑣 − 273.15 )
The correct answer is 515. It’s given that the equation ℎ = + 32 gives the corresponding temperature ℎ, in
5
degrees Fahrenheit, of any substance that has a temperature of 𝑣 kelvins, where 𝑣 > 0. Substituting 467.33 for ℎ in the given
9 ( 𝑣 − 273.15 ) 9 ( 𝑣 − 273.15 )
equation yields 467.33 = + 32. Subtracting 32 from both sides of this equation yields 435.33 = .
5 5
Multiplying both sides of this equation by 5 yields 2,176.65 = 9 ( 𝑣 − 273.15 ) . Dividing both sides of this equation by 9 yields
241.85 = 𝑣 − 273.15. Adding 273.15 to both sides of this equation yields 515 = 𝑣. Therefore, if a substance has a
temperature of 467.33 degrees Fahrenheit, the corresponding temperature, in kelvins, of this substance is 515.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID 208626df
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 208626df

𝓁
A rectangle has length 𝓁 and width . The inequality gives the possible values of 𝓁 and for which the perimeter of this
rectangle is less than or equal to . Which statement is the best interpretation of 𝓁 in this context?

A. If the rectangle has length and width , its perimeter is less than or equal to .

B. If the rectangle has length and width , its perimeter is less than or equal to .

C. If the rectangle has length and width , its perimeter is greater than or equal to .

D. If the rectangle has length and width , its perimeter is greater than or equal to .

ID: 208626df Answer

Correct Answer:
B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that a rectangle has length 𝑙 and width 𝑤, and the inequality 2𝑙 + 2𝑤 ≤ 27 gives the possible
values of 𝑙 and 𝑤 for which the perimeter of this rectangle is less than or equal to 27. To determine the best interpretation of
( 𝑙, 𝑤 ) = ( 8, 3 ) in this context, the values can be substituted in the given inequality. Substituting 8 for 𝑙 and 3 for 𝑤 in this
inequality yields 2 ( 8 ) + 2 ( 3 ) ≤ 27, which is equivalent to 16 + 6 ≤ 27, or 22 ≤ 27. Since this inequality is true, if the
rectangle has length 8 and width 3, its perimeter is less than or equal to 27.

Choice A is incorrect. The interpretation of ( 𝑙, 𝑤 ) = ( 8, 3 ) implies that the rectangle has length 8 and width 3, not length 3
and width 8.

Choice C is incorrect. The interpretation of ( 𝑙, 𝑤 ) = ( 8, 3 ) implies that the rectangle has length 8 and width 3, not length 3
and width 8.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID f5ff91b2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: f5ff91b2

If , the value of is between which of the following pairs of values?

A. and

B. and

C. and

D. and

ID: f5ff91b2 Answer

Correct Answer:
B
Rationale
𝑥-5 𝑥-5
Choice B is correct. Multiplying both sides of the given equation by ( 7 ) ( 9 ) , or 63, yields ( 63 ) = ( 63 ) , or
7 9
9 ( 𝑥 - 5 ) = 7 ( 𝑥 - 5 ) . Subtracting 7 ( 𝑥 - 5 ) from both sides of this equation yields 2 ( 𝑥 - 5 ) = 0. Dividing both sides of this
𝑥-5 𝑥-5
equation by 2 yields 𝑥 - 5 = 0. Therefore, if 7 = 9 , then the value of 𝑥 - 5 is 0. It follows that of the given choices, the value
of 𝑥 - 5 is between -3 and 3.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID 8da536c6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 8da536c6

In , a swim club had a total of swimmers, each classified as either advanced or intermediate. From to ,
the number of advanced swimmers in the club increased by approximately , and the number of intermediate swimmers
in the club increased by approximately . The total number of swimmers in the club increased by approximately .
Which equation best represents this situation, where represents the number of advanced swimmers in the club in
and represents the number of intermediate swimmers in the club in ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8da536c6 Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that in 2010, a swim club had a total of 35 swimmers, each classified as either advanced or
intermediate, and that 𝑎 represents the number of advanced swimmers in 2010 and 𝑏 represents the number of intermediate
swimmers in 2010. It's also given that from 2010 to 2020, the number of advanced swimmers in the club increased by
approximately 53% and the number of intermediate swimmers in the club increased by approximately 44%. Thus, in 2020,
the approximate number of advanced swimmers in the club can be represented as 1.53𝑎 and the approximate number of
intermediate swimmers in the club can be represented as 1.44𝑏. It's given that the total number of swimmers in the club
increased by approximately 49% from 2010 to 2020. Since the club had 35 swimmers in 2010, it follows that the total
number of swimmers in 2020 can be represented as 35 ( 1.49 ) . Since the sum of the number of advanced swimmers in
2020 and the number of intermediate swimmers in 2020 equals the total number of swimmers in 2020, the equation
1.53𝑎 + 1.44𝑏 = 35 ( 1.49 ) best represents this situation.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the number of intermediate swimmers in the club in 2020
increased by approximately 49%, not 44%, and the total number of swimmers in the club in 2020 increased by approximately
44%, not 49%.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a situation where the number of advanced swimmers in the club in 2020
increased by approximately 44%, not 53%, and the number of intermediate swimmers in the club in 2020 increased by
approximately 53%, not 44%.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 39617468
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 39617468

The given equation relates the total number of maple trees, , and the total number of birch trees, , planted in a -acre
forest preserve. If maple trees were planted in the forest preserve, how many birch trees were planted in the forest
preserve?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 39617468 Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 350 relates the total number of maple trees, 𝑥, and the total number
of birch trees, 𝑦, planted in a 14-acre forest preserve. It’s also given that 245 maple trees were planted in the forest preserve.
Substituting 245 for 𝑥 in the given equation yields 245 + 𝑦 = 350. Subtracting 245 from both sides of this equation yields
𝑦 = 105. Therefore, 105 birch trees were planted in the forest preserve.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of acres in the forest preserve, not the number of birch trees planted in the forest
preserve.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of maple trees planted in the forest preserve, not the number of birch trees planted
in the forest preserve.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 429fb7c0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 429fb7c0

What value of is the solution to the equation ?

ID: 429fb7c0 Answer

Correct Answer:
-.3266, -.3267, -49/150
Rationale
The correct answer is -.3267. Applying the distributive property to the right-hand side of the given equation yields
0.8𝑡 - 0.46 = 8𝑡 - 0.008 + 1.9, or 0.8𝑡 - 0.46 = 8𝑡 + 1.892. Subtracting 0.8𝑡 from both sides of this equation yields
-0.46 = 7.2𝑡 + 1.892. Subtracting 1.892 from both sides of this equation yields -2.352 = 7.2𝑡. Dividing both sides of this
-2.352
equation by 7.2 yields 7.2
= 𝑡. Therefore, the value of 𝑡 is approximately -0.32667. Note that -.3267, -.3266, -0.326, and
-0.327 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty:
Hard
Question ID 97eab129
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: 97eab129

Area (square feet) Water (gallons)

The buildings of a shopping center are designed to allow water to drain from the roof into gutters on the sides of the
buildings. The table shows the relationship between the area , in square feet, of a roof and the amount of water , in
gallons, drained from the roof into the gutters over a certain period of time. Which equation could define ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 97eab129 Answer

Correct Answer:
B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. It's given that the table represents the relationship between the area 𝑥, in square feet, of the roof of a
shopping center and the amount of water 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) , in gallons, drained from the roof into the gutters. Every choice represents
this relationship with an equation defining 𝑓 in the form 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑚𝑥, where 𝑚 is a constant rate of change. The value of
=
𝑚 can be determined by dividing both sides of the equation by 𝑥. Each of three pairs of 𝑥 and 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) in the table yield 𝑚 = 1.8,
4,536 6,804 9,072
since 2,520
= 1.8, 3,780
= 1.8, and 5,040
= 1.8. Therefore, the equation 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 1.8𝑥 could define 𝑓.

Choice A is incorrect. For the roof with an area of 2,520 square feet, this equation would yield 0.6 ( 2,520 ) , or 1,512, gallons,
not the 4,536 gallons shown in the table.

Choice C is incorrect. For the roof with an area of 2,520 square feet, this equation would yield 2,268 ( 2,520 ) , or 5,715,360,
gallons, not the 4,536 gallons shown in the table.

Choice D is incorrect. For the roof with an area of 2,520 square feet, this equation would yield 4,536 ( 2,520 ) , or 11,430,720,
gallons, not the 4,536 gallons shown in the table.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID f01ef454
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: f01ef454

A geologist estimates that the volume of a slab of granite is greater than cubic feet but less than cubic feet. The
geologist also estimates that the slab of granite weighs pounds per cubic foot of volume. Which inequality represents
this situation, where represents the estimated total weight, in pounds, of the slab of granite?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f01ef454 Answer

Correct Answer:
C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given that the estimated volume of the slab of granite is greater than 12.7 cubic feet but less than
15.7 cubic feet. It's also given that the estimated weight per cubic foot of volume of that slab is 165 pounds. The estimated
total weight of the slab of granite, in pounds, can be calculated by multiplying the estimated volume by the estimated weight
per cubic foot. Therefore, if the estimated volume of the slab of granite is 12.7 cubic feet, its estimated total weight is
165 ( 12.7 ) pounds, and if the estimated volume of the slab of granite is 15.7 cubic feet, its estimated total weight is
165 ( 15.7 ) pounds. Since the estimated volume of the slab of granite is greater than 12.7 cubic feet but less than 15.7 cubic
feet, the estimated total weight 𝑥, in pounds, must be greater than 165 ( 12.7 ) pounds and less than 165 ( 15.7 ) pounds.
This situation can be represented by the inequality 165 ( 12.7 ) < 𝑥 < 165 ( 15.7 ) .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty:
Easy
Question ID 00b9bd37
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 00b9bd37

y
50
40
30
Number of sweatshirts
20
10
x
O 20 40 60 80 100
Number of T-shirts
The graph models the relationship between the number of T-shirts, , and the number of sweatshirts, , that Kira can
purchase for a school fundraiser. Which equation could represent this relationship?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 00b9bd37 Answer

Correct Answer:
B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. A line in the xy-plane can be written as 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is the slope of the line and 𝑏 is the y-
coordinate of the y-intercept. The graph shown is a line passing through the points ( 0, 35 ) and ( 90, 0 ) . Substituting 0 for 𝑥
and 35 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 35 = 𝑚 ( 0 ) + 𝑏, or 35 = 𝑏. Substituting 35 for 𝑏, 90 for 𝑥, and 0 for 𝑦 in the
equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 0 = 90𝑚 + 35. Subtracting 35 from both sides of this equation yields -35 = 90𝑚. Dividing both
35 7 7
sides of this equation by 90 yields - = 𝑚, or - = 𝑚. Substituting - for 𝑚 and 35 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields
90 18 18
7
𝑦 = - 18 𝑥 + 35. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 18 yields 18𝑦 = - 7𝑥 + 35 ( 18 ) , or 18𝑦 = - 7𝑥 + 630. Adding 7𝑥 to
both sides of this equation yields 7𝑥 + 18𝑦 = 630. Therefore, the equation 7𝑥 + 18𝑦 = 630 represents the relationship
between 𝑥 and 𝑦 modeled by the graph.

Choice A is incorrect. The point ( 0, 35 ) is not on the graph of this equation, since 7 ( 0 ) + 18 = 18, not 35.

Choice C is incorrect. The point ( 0, 35 ) is not on the graph of this equation, since 18 ( 0 ) + 7 = 7, not 35.

Choice D is incorrect. The point ( 90, 0 ) is not on the graph of this equation, since 18 ( 90 ) + 7 ( 0 ) = 1,620, not 630.
Question Difficulty:
Medium