THE IMPACT OF STERILIZATION IN PREVENTION OF DENTAL
DISEASES
(A case study of 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba, Lagos State)
BY
HAMMAWA AHMADU
NACOMS/DTH/ND/004/23
A RESEARCH PROJECT WORK SUBMITTED TO THE NIGERIA ARMY
COLLEDGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (NACOMS), DENTAL
THERAPY/DENTAL SURGERY TECHNICIAN DEPARTMENT. IN
PARTIAL FUFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD
OF NATIONALDIPLOMA IN DENTAL THERAPY.
JULY, 2025
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CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this research work title "THE IMPACT OF STERILIZATION IN
PREVENTION OF DENTAL DISEASES ". (A case study of 68 Nigerian Army Reference
Hospital Yaba, Lagos) was carried out by HAMMAWA AHMADU with matric number
NACOMS/DTH/ND/000/23 of the department of Dental Therapy, Nigerian Army college of
Medical Sciences, Ojo, Lagos under my supervision with
............................................................. .................................................
Sgt, Olaniyi O(BSc, HND, RDT) Date
Date
Project Supervisor
............................................................. .....................................................
Capt CE Apute (HND, RDT, PGDE, M.ED) Date
Ag CI/Head of Department
Dental Therapy/Dental Surgery Technology Department
NACOMS, OJO, Lagos.
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DEDICATION
This project work is dedicated to almighty God, the giver of live, wisdom and strength
knowledge and ability to enable me carry out this my project work out effectively.
Furthermore, it is also dedicated to my late father and mother, Mr. and Mrs. Hammawa and my
special dedication goes to my lovely wife Mrs. Zainab Hammawa Ahmadu for her support all my
well-wishers for all their prayers throughout the years of my studies, my brothers Ishaku and
Yunusa Hammawa and my sister in-law Aunty Grace Cletus Gubi for their support and
understanding.
…………………………….. ………………………….
HAMMAWA AHMADU DATE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My profound gratitude goes to the almighty God, the supreme Leader of the heavenly
government and the universal environment His ultimate grace and wisdom upon me. Also his
protection and guidance over me throughout the taskful exercise of writing this project work.
I am at most grateful to all my chief instructor Capt CE Apute and the lecturers of this great
noble institution, Nigerian Army College of Medical Sciences (NACOMS) Ojo, Lagos. I also
wish to acknowledge all my course mate. I am also grateful to many people whose support and
encouragement have in one or the other way contributed immensely to the success of this project.
I also extend my profound gratitude to Sgt, Olaniyi O (my able project Supervisor) for his
encouragement and assistant may God almighty reward you all greatly.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE I
DECLARATION II
CERTIFICATION III
DEDICATION IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT V
TABLES OF CONTENT VII
LIST OF TABLES VIII
LIST OF FIGURES xi
ABSTRACT xii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Problem Statement 11
1.3 Purpose of the Study 11
1.4 Significance of the Study 12
1.5 Research Questions 12
1.6 Research Hypothesis 13
1.7 Scope of the study 13
1.8 Limitation of the Study 13
1.9 Definition of Terms 14
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Conceptual Review of the Study 15
2.2. Theoretical framework 18
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design 20
3.2 Study Area 20
3.3 Research Population 20
3.4 Instrument for Data Collection 20
3.5 Validity of Instrument 20
3.6 Sampling Technique 21
3.7 Instrument for data collection 21
3.8 Data Analysis 21
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CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION OF RESULT AND DISCUSION OF FINDINGSs
4.1 Introduction 22
4.2 Demographic and Personal Profile 22
4.3 Presentation of other data relevant to research question 38
4.4 Analysis of data according to research question 39
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction 42
5.2 Summary 42
5.3 Conclusion 42
5.4 Recommendation 43
5.5 Recommendation for further studies 44
REFERENCES
APPENDIX 1
QUESTIONNAIRE
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1: ……………………………………………….…………………………………22
Table 4.2: ……………………………………………….…………………………………23
Table 4.3: ……………………………………………….…………………………………24
Table 4.4: ……………………………………………….…………………………………24
Table 4.5: ……………………………………………….…………………………………26
Table 4.6: ……………………………………………….…………………………………27
Table 4.7: ……………………………………………….…………………………………28
Table 4.8: ……………………………………………….…………………………………29
Table 4.9 ……………………………………………….…………………………………30
Table 4.10: ……………………………………………….……………………………….31
Table 4.11 ……………………………………………….………………………………..32
Table 4.12: ……………………………………………….……………………………….35
Table 4.13: ……………………………………………….……………………………….36
Table 4.14: ……………………………………………….……………………………….37
Table 4.3: ……………………………………………….…………………..…………….38
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 4.1: ……………………………………………….…………………………………22
Figure4.2: ……………………………………………….…………………………………23
Figure 4.3: ……………………………………………….…………………………………24
Figure 4.4: ……………………………………………….…………………………………24
Figure 4.5: ……………………………………………….…………………………………26
Figure 4.6: ……………………………………………….…………………………………27
Figure 4.7: ……………………………………………….…………………………………28
Figure 4.8: ……………………………………………….…………………………………29
Figure 4.9 ……………………………………………….…………………………………30
Figure 4.10: ……………………………………………….……………………………….31
Figure4.11 ……………………………………………….………………………………..32
Figure 4.12: ……………………………………………….……………………………….35
Figure 4.13: ……………………………………………….……………………………….36
Figure 4.14: ……………………………………………….……………………………….37
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ABSTRACT
Sterilization plays a crucial role in maintaining the safety and efficacy of dental practices by
preventing the transmission of infectious agents. This study explores the impact of sterilization
procedures on the prevention of dental diseases, emphasizing their importance in clinical
settings. Information was gathered from current literature, highlighting various sterilization
techniques such as autoclaving, chemical disinfectants, and dry heat methods. The findings
underscore that stringent sterilization protocols significantly reduce the risk of cross-
contamination and infection transmission among patients and dental health professionals.
Implementing effective sterilization practices not only enhances patient safety but also
contributes to overall public health by minimizing the incidence of odontogenic infections and
systemic complications. In conclusion, rigorous sterilization protocols are indispensable in
controlling and preventing dental diseases, thereby ensuring high standards of infection control
in dental practice.
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