Who is considered the “father of Positive Psychology”?

→ Martin Seligman

What does the acronym PERMA stand for? → Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships,
Meaning, Accomplishment

Hedonia focuses on _____. → Pleasure / enjoyment

Eudaimonia focuses on _____. → Meaning / fulfillment

Which state describes total absorption in an activity? → Flow

Who introduced the concept of “flow”? → Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

Gratitude journaling is a tool in which branch? → Positive psychology

Learned helplessness” was discovered by _____. → Seligman

Optimism is linked with better ____ outcomes. → Health

Which character strength involves persistence toward goals? → Perseverance

What is the scientific study of strengths and well-being called? → Positive psychology

Hope, gratitude, and resilience are examples of _____. → Positive traits

The opposite of helplessness is _____. → Hopefulness / resilience

Who proposed the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions? → Barbara Fredrickson

Acts of kindness are shown to increase ____ well-being. → Subjective

In the PERMA model, “A” stands for _____. → Accomplishment

Which scale is often used to measure life satisfaction? → Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS)

Flow requires a balance between ____ and _____. → Challenge and skill

Resilience refers to the ability to bounce back from _____. → Adversity

Seligman’s three pillars of Positive Psychology are positive emotion, positive traits, and positive
_____. → Institutions

“Signature strengths” are assessed by which inventory? → VIA Character Strengths Inventory

Which type of happiness is linked with momentary pleasures? → Hedonic happiness

Which type of happiness is linked with meaning and virtue? → Eudaimonic happiness

Post-traumatic growth refers to ____ after adversity. → Positive change / growth

Practicing mindfulness enhances ____ and reduces stress. → Well-being

Kinesics refers to communication through _____. → Body movements / gestures

Facial expressions are part of ____ communication. → Nonverbal

Proxemics is the study of _____. → Personal space

Tone of voice is part of which communication? → Paralanguage

Which is faster: verbal or nonverbal communication? → Nonverbal

Smiling universally indicates _____. → Friendliness / happiness

Which communication channel is richest? → Face-to-face

Silence can also communicate _____. → Meaning (agreement, disagreement, emotion)

Nonverbal cues are more likely to reveal _____. → True feelings

Foundations (1–10)

1. Who is known as the father of modern social psychology? → Kurt Lewin

2. The scientific study of how people think, feel, and behave in social contexts is called _____.
→ Social psychology

3. Lewin’s famous equation: Behavior = f(____, ____) → Person, Environment

4. The tendency to explain others’ behavior by personality rather than situation is called _____.
→ Fundamental Attribution Error

5. When we attribute our own success to internal causes and failures to external causes → Self-
serving bias

6. The belief that people get what they deserve is called the ____ hypothesis. → Just-world

7. Cognitive dissonance theory was proposed by _____. → Leon Festinger

8. The discomfort caused by inconsistency between behavior and attitude is _____. →

9. When attitudes and behavior conflict, which often changes? → Attitude

10. Schema in social psychology means _____. → Mental framework for understanding social
info

Conformity & Obedience (11–20)

11. Who conducted the line judgment conformity experiments? → Solomon Asch

12. In Asch’s experiment, conformity increased with group size up to about ___ people. → 4

13. Obedience to authority was studied by _____. → Stanley Milgram

14. Milgram’s experiment involved participants administering what? → Electric shocks

15. The prison simulation study was done by _____. → Philip Zimbardo

16. Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment had to be stopped after how many days? → 6 days

17. When individuals lose self-awareness in groups, it is called _____. → Deindividuation

18. Social facilitation means performance is improved when ____ are present. → Others /
audience

19. Social loafing means individuals work ____ in groups. → Less hard
 20. The bystander effect was first demonstrated by ____ and _____. → Darley and Latané

Group Processes (21–30)

21. Groupthink often leads to ____ decisions. → Poor / irrational

22. Which president’s Bay of Pigs decision is often cited as an example of groupthink? → John F.
Kennedy

23. Diffusion of responsibility explains which effect? → Bystander effect

24. The tendency for group discussion to strengthen initial views is _____. → Group polarization

25. A group where people feel they belong is called an _____. → In-group

26. A group people compare themselves against is called a _____. → Reference group

27. Collective effort is higher in individualistic or collectivistic cultures? → Collectivistic

28. Which heuristic explains why people follow the majority? → Social proof

29. Role conflict happens when _____. → Two roles demand incompatible behavior

30. Norms are ____ rules of behavior. → Shared / accepted

Attitudes & Persuasion (31–40)

31. Who developed the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persuasion? → Petty & Cacioppo

32. In ELM, persuasion via facts and logic is the ____ route. → Central

33. Persuasion via superficial cues is the ____ route. → Peripheral

34. Which persuasion principle: “People repay what they receive”? → Reciprocity

35. Which persuasion principle: “People follow the lead of similar others”? → Liking

36. The sleeper effect refers to a delayed impact of a ____ source. → Low-credibility

37. The Yale Attitude Change approach studied _____. → Persuasion

38. Attitudes have three components: affective, cognitive, and _____. → Behavioral

39. Mere exposure effect increases liking through _____. → Repetition / familiarity

40. The foot-in-the-door technique uses which strategy? → Start small, then escalate

Prejudice & Stereotypes (41–50)

41. Prejudice is a(n) _____. → Attitude

42. Discrimination is a(n) _____. → Behavior

43. Stereotype is a(n) _____. → Cognition

45. Sherif’s Robbers Cave study reduced conflict using ____ goals. → Superordinate

46. The contact hypothesis states prejudice can be reduced by _____. → Intergroup contact

47. Implicit prejudice can be measured using the ____ test. → Implicit Association Test (IAT)

48. “Scapegoating” means blaming a group for _____. → Problems / frustrations

49. Sexism, racism, and ageism are forms of _____. → Prejudice

50. Social identity theory was proposed by ____ and _____. → Tajfel and Turner

Psychological Disorders (1–25)

1. The study of psychological disorders is called _____. → Psychopathology

2. Which manual is most widely used for diagnosing mental disorders? → DSM-5

3. Who coined the term “schizophrenia”? → Eugen Bleuler

4. Kraepelin originally called schizophrenia _____. → Dementia praecox

5. Excessive fear of social situations is called _____. → Social anxiety disorder

6. Persistent low mood and loss of interest are key symptoms of _____. → Depression / Major
Depressive Disorder

7. Alternating periods of mania and depression define which disorder? → Bipolar disorder

8. Which neurotransmitter imbalance is linked with depression? → Serotonin

9. Delusions and hallucinations are core symptoms of _____. → Schizophrenia

10. The false belief that one is being persecuted is called a ____ delusion. → Persecutory

11. Obsessions are ____ thoughts, while compulsions are ____ behaviors. → Intrusive,
Repetitive

12. PTSD stands for _____. → Post-traumatic stress disorder

13. Dissociative identity disorder was formerly called _____. → Multiple personality disorder

14. Fear of open or public spaces is called _____. → Agoraphobia

15. Persistent, unfounded belief about body flaws is _____. → Body dysmorphic disorder

16. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by _____. → Refusal to maintain normal weight

17. Bulimia nervosa involves binge eating followed by _____. → Purging

18. ADHD stands for _____. → Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

19. Autism spectrum disorder mainly affects ____ and _____. → Social communication,
behavior

20. Which personality disorder: instability in relationships, self-image, emotions? → Borderline

22. Excessive handwashing is a common compulsion in _____. → OCD

23. Which disorder includes alternating episodes of hypomania and depression? → Bipolar II
disorder

24. Conversion disorder involves loss of motor/sensory function without ____ cause. →
Medical / biological

25. Which disorder includes repetitive pulling of hair? → Trichotillomania

Psychological Therapies (26–50)

26. Freud’s therapy is called _____. → Psychoanalysis

27. Free association is used in which therapy? → Psychoanalysis

28. Who developed client-centered therapy? → Carl Rogers

29. In client-centered therapy, the key condition is unconditional _____. → Positive regard

30. The father of behavior therapy is _____. → Joseph Wolpe

31. Systematic desensitization is mainly used to treat _____. → Phobias

32. Flooding is a technique in which fear is reduced by _____. → Prolonged exposure

33. Token economy is based on which principle? → Operant conditioning

34. Who developed cognitive therapy for depression? → Aaron Beck

35. Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) was created by _____. → Albert Ellis

36. In CBT, “B” stands for _____. → Behavior

37. Cognitive restructuring helps in changing _____. → Maladaptive thoughts

38. Who proposed the ABC model in REBT? → Albert Ellis

39. Mindfulness-based therapy originates from which tradition? → Buddhism

40. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is especially used for which disorder? → Borderline
personality disorder

41. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is most effective in severe _____. → Depression

42. Antipsychotic drugs mainly reduce which symptom? → Hallucinations / delusions

43. Benzodiazepines are prescribed for _____. → Anxiety

44. Lithium is commonly used to treat _____. → Bipolar disorder

45. SSRIs (like Prozac) primarily affect which neurotransmitter? → Serotonin

46. Group therapy allows people to benefit from ____ experiences. → Shared

47. Family therapy focuses on improving ____ patterns. → Communication

49. Which therapy emphasizes changing distorted thinking patterns? → Cognitive therapy / CBT

50. The integration of multiple therapy approaches is called _____. → Eclectic therapy