Durgapur Institute Of
Management and
Science 2024
MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS
Topic – Standard Deviation
Name – Rohan Basky
BCA
2022 - 2025
INDEX
Introduction ................................................................ 1
Standard Deviation For Individual Data ........................ 2
Standard Deviation For Discrete Data............................ 3
Standard Deviation For Continuous Data ....................... 4
Conclusion .................................................................. 6
Bibliography................................................................7
INTRODUCTION
What Is Standard Deviation?
Standard deviation is a statistic that measures the
dispersion of a dataset relative to its mean and is
calculated as the square root of the variance. The
standard deviation is calculated as the square root of
variance by determining each data point's deviation
relative to the mean.
If the data points are further from the mean, there is a
higher deviation within the data set; thus, the more
spread out the data, the higher the standard deviation.
STANDARD DEVIATION FOR
INDIVIDUAL DATA
A. Individual Series:
Deviation can be taken from Actual Mean and following
formula is used:
STANDARD DEVIATION FOR
DISCRETE DATA
B. Discrete-Series:
Here also the deviations can be taken from Actual or
Assumed Mean.
From Actual Mean:
S.D.=√∑fx2/N
Where x2 is the square of deviations from actual
mean, f denotes corresponding frequency; N = ∑ f
STANDARD DEVIATION FOR
CONTINUOUS DATA
The steps of calculating the standard deviation of continuous
series are as follows:
Step 1: First of all, a value is assumed from the mid-values of
the given data set and then the deviations of the assumed
value are taken from the mid-values. The deviation is denoted
by d, where d = m – A.
Step 2: Now, the frequencies of the data set are multiplied by
their respective deviations and are denoted by fd.
Step 3: In the next step, the fd determined in the previous step
is multiplied by the deviations (d).
Step 4: The last step is to calculate the standard deviation of
the frequency distribution series using the formula
Example: Calculate the standard deviation of the following
series .
Solution :
= 15.48
Standard Deviation = 15.48
CONCLUSION
Standard deviation is a fundamental statistical measure
used extensively in data analysis. Its calculation,
interpretation, and significance make it a powerful tool
for understanding the dispersion and variability within a
dataset.
By considering the standard deviation, analysts can gain
valuable insights into the data, identify outliers, compare
datasets, and make informed decisions. However, it is
important to be aware of its limitations and consider
alternative measures when dealing with non-normal
data or outliers.
