GLOSSARY: NATURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
The government's effort to
1. A drop in the Something very small in Một giọt nước
reduce emissions is just a
ocean comparison to what is needed. trong đại dương
drop in the ocean.
Climate change is a
A matter that is urgent or of Vấn đề nóng
2. Burning issue burning issue that needs
great importance. bỏng
to be addressed.
Even though we lost,
3. Every cloud has a There's always a positive side Sau cơn mưa
every cloud has a silver
silver lining to a bad situation. trời lại sáng
lining, as we learned a lot.
Cứ để mọi thứ Instead of worrying, just
4. Go with the flow Accept and adapt to changes.
tự nhiên go with the flow.
In a serious or difficult After the scandal, the
5. In deep water Gặp khó khăn
situation. company is in deep water.
6. It’s not a bed of Không phải là Starting a business is not
Not as pleasant as it seems.
roses điều dễ dàng a bed of roses.
7. The tip of the A small part of a much bigger Phần nổi của The corruption we see is
iceberg problem. tảng băng just the tip of the iceberg.
8. Caught between a He’s caught between a
Facing two equally unpleasant Tiến thoái lưỡng
rock and a hard rock and a hard place at
alternatives. nan
place his job.
Nghe được tin I got wind of their plan to
9. Get wind of Hear about something.
tức relocate the office.
His new policies are
Gây ra tác động
10. Make waves Create a significant impact. making waves in the
lớn
industry.
We managed to weather
Vượt qua khó
11. Weather the storm Survive a difficult situation. the storm during the
khăn
financial crisis.
The tense silence in the
12. The calm before A quiet period before a difficult Sự yên bình
office was the calm before
the storm event. trước cơn bão
the storm.
The offer is on the table,
13. The ball is in your It is up to someone to take Bây giờ là lúc
so now the ball is in your
court action. của bạn
court.
She threw caution to the
14. Throw caution to Làm mà không
Act recklessly. wind and invested in the
the wind suy nghĩ
startup.
We need to talk about the
15. The elephant in A major problem that is being Vấn đề lớn bị lờ
elephant in the room – our
the room ignored. đi
budget deficit.
16. A breath of fresh Her ideas were a breath of
A new, positive development. Luồng gió mới
air fresh air to the team.
Đang ở tình After missing several
In a risky or precarious
17. On thin ice huống nguy deadlines, she's on thin
situation.
hiểm ice.
18. Through thick and Support something despite Bên nhau qua They've stayed friends
thin difficulties. bao khó khăn through thick and thin.

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 Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
He thinks the grass is
19. The grass is
A perception that another Đứng núi này always greener on the
always greener on
situation might be better. trông núi nọ other side, but his job is
the other side
better than he realizes.
He's in hot water with his
20. In hot water In trouble. Gặp rắc rối boss for missing the
meeting.
Our plans for the weekend
21. Up in the air Uncertain. Chưa chắc chắn
are still up in the air.
He's recovering well, but
Thoát khỏi nguy
22. Out of the woods Safe from danger. he's not out of the woods
hiểm
yet.
Không có giới With your skills, the sky's
23. The sky's the limit Unlimited potential.
hạn the limit.
They’re battening down
24. Batten down the Chuẩn bị cho
Prepare for a difficult situation. the hatches ahead of the
hatches khó khăn
storm.
She received the lion's
25. The lion’s share The largest portion. Phần lớn nhất
share of the inheritance.
The decline in the variety of Human activities have led
Sự mất đa dạng
26. Biodiversity loss life in a particular habitat or to biodiversity loss in
sinh học
globally. many ecosystems.
Long-term alterations in
Climate change affects
27. Climate change temperature, precipitation, and Biến đổi khí hậu
every corner of the world.
other atmospheric conditions.
The deterioration of the Deforestation is one cause
28. Environmental Sự suy thoái
environment through depletion of environmental
degradation môi trường
of resources and pollution. degradation.
Development that meets Governments are focusing
29. Sustainable current needs without Phát triển bền on sustainable
development compromising future vững development to protect the
generations. planet.
The total amount of Reducing our carbon
Dấu chân
30. Carbon footprint greenhouse gases produced footprint is critical to
carbon
by human activities. fighting climate change.
Phụ thuộc vào Our economy's fossil fuel
31. Fossil fuel Reliance on coal, oil, and
nhiên liệu hóa dependency must
dependency natural gas for energy.
thạch decrease for sustainability.
Energy from natural sources Solar power is a growing
Năng lượng tái
32. Renewable energy that are continuously source of renewable
tạo
replenished, like wind or solar. energy.
Protecting endangered
The equilibrium between living
33. Ecological Cân bằng sinh species is key to
organisms and their
balance thái maintaining ecological
environment.
balance.
Gases that trap heat in the Greenhouse gas
34. Greenhouse gas Phát thải khí
atmosphere, contributing to emissions are a leading
emissions nhà kính
global warming. cause of global warming.
Urban expansion
The natural environment in Môi trường sống
35. Natural habitat threatens natural habitats
which a species lives. tự nhiên
worldwide.

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 Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
The wearing away of the
Poor farming practices
36. Soil erosion topsoil, often accelerated by Xói mòn đất
contribute to soil erosion.
human activity.
37. Deforestation The speed at which forested The deforestation rates in
Tỷ lệ phá rừng
rates areas are destroyed. the Amazon are alarming.
Air quality control
Efforts to manage and improve Kiểm soát chất
38. Air quality control measures are essential in
air pollution. lượng không khí
urban areas.
Many countries in the
The lack of sufficient available Sự khan hiếm
39. Water scarcity Middle East face severe
water resources. nước
water scarcity.
The concentration of pollutants Pollution levels have risen
40. Pollution levels Mức độ ô nhiễm
in the environment. sharply in major cities.
Improved waste disposal
The management and disposal
41. Waste disposal Xử lý rác thải systems are necessary to
of waste materials.
manage urban growth.
Reducing energy
42. Energy The amount of energy used by Tiêu thụ năng
consumption is crucial for
consumption individuals or industries. lượng
sustainable development.
The protection and Wildlife conservation
43. Wildlife Bảo tồn động
management of wildlife programs aim to protect
conservation vật hoang dã
species and their habitats. endangered species.
The reduction of the ozone
Sự suy giảm Ozone depletion increases
44. Ozone depletion layer, which protects Earth
tầng ozone the risk of skin cancer.
from harmful UV rays.
Agricultural practices that are Sustainable farming helps
45. Sustainable Canh tác bền
environmentally friendly and protect natural resources
farming vững
sustainable. for future generations.
Programs designed to Many cities have launched
46. Recycling Sáng kiến tái
encourage the recycling of recycling initiatives to
initiatives chế
waste materials. reduce waste.
Conservation efforts are
47. Conservation Actions taken to preserve and
Nỗ lực bảo tồn vital for maintaining
efforts protect the environment.
biodiversity.
48. Forest The natural or artificial renewal Forest regeneration helps
Tái sinh rừng
regeneration of forests. combat deforestation.
Pollution that affects oceans Plastic waste is a major
49. Marine pollution Ô nhiễm biển
and seas. source of marine pollution.
Water treatment plants are
The process of making water
50. Water treatment Xử lý nước crucial for providing clean
clean and safe to use.
drinking water.
The process of capturing and
51. Carbon Forests play a key role in
storing atmospheric carbon Lưu trữ cacbon
sequestration carbon sequestration.
dioxide.
Energy-efficient
Technologies that use less Công nghệ tiết
52. Energy-efficient technologies reduce
energy to perform the same kiệm năng
technologies greenhouse gas
tasks. lượng
emissions.
The decline in the quality of Over-farming leads to land
53. Land degradation Suy thoái đất
land due to human activities. degradation.

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 Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
Effective natural disaster
54. Natural disaster Efforts to reduce the risk and
Quản lý thiên tai management can save
management impact of natural disasters.
lives.
Sustainable agricultural
55. Agricultural The methods used in farming Thực hành nông
practices can help combat
practices and agriculture. nghiệp
climate change.
Organic farming is
Farming without the use of becoming increasingly
Nông nghiệp
56. Organic farming synthetic chemicals or popular among
hữu cơ
fertilizers. environmentally conscious
consumers.
Practices that ensure Environmental
57. Environmental Bền vững môi
resources are preserved for sustainability is crucial for
sustainability trường
future generations. long-term survival.
The measure of human Our ecological footprint
58. Ecological Dấu chân sinh
demand on Earth's determines how
footprint thái
ecosystems. sustainable our lifestyle is.
Wildlife preservation is
59. Wildlife Efforts to protect animal Bảo tồn động
essential for maintaining
preservation species and their habitats. vật hoang dã
biodiversity.
Protecting marine
60. Marine The variety of life found in Đa dạng sinh
biodiversity is crucial for a
biodiversity marine ecosystems. học biển
healthy ocean.
Water purification is
The process of removing
61. Water purification Lọc nước necessary to provide clean
contaminants from water.
drinking water.
Rainforest conservation is
62. Rainforest Efforts to protect and preserve Bảo tồn rừng
critical for protecting
conservation rainforests. mưa nhiệt đới
biodiversity.
The ability of soil to sustain
Độ phì nhiêu Soil fertility is essential for
63. Soil fertility plant growth and produce
của đất successful agriculture.
crops.
Wind and solar power are
64. Renewable Natural resources that can be Tài nguyên tái
examples of renewable
resources replenished naturally. tạo
resources.
Governments need to
65. Air pollution Efforts to reduce and manage Kiểm soát ô
enforce air pollution control
control air pollution. nhiễm không khí
measures.
Overpopulation is
66. Resource The exhaustion of natural Sự cạn kiệt tài
accelerating resource
depletion resources. nguyên
depletion.
Energy that is produced in Solar and wind power are
67. Sustainable Năng lượng bền
ways that do not deplete examples of sustainable
energy vững
natural resources. energy.
Green energy sources are
Environmentally friendly
68. Green energy Nguồn năng becoming more
energy sources, such as solar
sources lượng xanh widespread as
or wind power.
technologies improve.
Effective waste
69. Waste The process of collecting,
Hệ thống quản management systems are
management treating, and disposing of
lý chất thải necessary to reduce
systems waste.
pollution.

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 Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
Efforts to decrease the amount Reducing carbon
70. Carbon emissions Giảm phát thải
of carbon dioxide released into emissions is essential to
reduction cacbon
the atmosphere. fight climate change.
Aquatic ecosystems are
71. Aquatic Ecosystems found in water Hệ sinh thái
vital for the planet’s
ecosystems environments. dưới nước
biodiversity.
Động vật hoang Conservation efforts aim to
72. Endangered Species of animals that are at
dã có nguy cơ protect endangered
wildlife risk of extinction.
tuyệt chủng wildlife.
Living in a way that is It is important to live in
73. Be in harmony Sống hài hòa
balanced with the harmony with nature to
with nature với thiên nhiên
environment. preserve the environment.
74. Take action to Act to maintain and protect Hành động để We need to take action to
preserve something. bảo tồn preserve our forests.
Gây ra thiệt hại Pollution can cause
75. Cause irreversible Cause harm that cannot be
không thể khắc irreversible damage to
damage to undone.
phục ecosystems.
76. Have a Climate change can have
Have a severely damaging Gây ra ảnh
devastating effect a devastating effect on
impact. hưởng tàn khốc
on biodiversity.
Many species are at the
77. At the brink of Trên bờ vực
Very close to extinction. brink of extinction due to
extinction tuyệt chủng
habitat destruction.
Đe dọa môi Deforestation threatens
78. Threaten natural Endanger the places where
trường sống tự natural habitats around the
habitats species live.
nhiên world.
Đối mặt với Many animals face
Be at risk of disappearing
79. Face extinction nguy cơ tuyệt extinction as a result of
completely.
chủng human activity.
Coral reefs are under
80. Be under threat Be in danger due to
Bị đe dọa bởi threat from rising sea
from something.
temperatures.
Volunteers lend a hand in
81. Lend a hand in
Help in preserving something. Giúp đỡ bảo vệ protecting wildlife from
protecting
poachers.
82. Lead to Overfishing can lead to
Cause a major ecological Dẫn đến thảm
environmental environmental disaster in
catastrophe. họa môi trường
disaster marine ecosystems.
The ecosystem is on the
83. On the verge of Very close to falling apart or Trên bờ vực sụp
verge of collapse due to
collapse failing. đổ
pollution.
Illegal logging threatens
84. Threaten Endanger the variety of life on Đe dọa đa dạng
biodiversity in tropical
biodiversity Earth. sinh học
rainforests.
The organization led a
85. Lead a campaign Organize efforts to safeguard Lãnh đạo chiến
campaign to protect
to protect something. dịch bảo vệ
endangered species.
Thực hiện các
86. Take measures to Implement actions to fight We must take measures to
biện pháp chống
combat against something. combat air pollution.
lại

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 Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
Coastal areas are
Dễ bị ảnh
87. Be susceptible to Be vulnerable to the effects of susceptible to climate
hưởng bởi biến
climate change changing climate. change and rising sea
đổi khí hậu
levels.
Áp đặt các quy Governments need to
88. Impose strict Enforce stringent rules on
định nghiêm impose strict regulations
regulations on something.
ngặt on industrial pollution.
Đóng vai trò National parks play a key
89. Play a key role in Be crucial in protecting the
quan trọng trong role in wildlife
conservation environment.
bảo tồn conservation.
Tìm kiếm các
Countries are seeking
90. Seek alternatives Look for other energy sources giải pháp thay
alternatives to fossil fuels
to fossil fuels besides fossil fuels. thế nhiên liệu
to combat global warming.
hóa thạch
Countries must work
91. Work together to Collaborate to protect Hợp tác để bảo
together to safeguard
safeguard something. vệ
natural resources.
Many NGOs engage in
92. Engage in Tham gia vào
Participate in actions to protect conservation efforts to
conservation các nỗ lực bảo
nature. protect endangered
efforts tồn
species.
93. Promote Encourage knowledge and Thúc đẩy nhận Schools are promoting
environmental concern for environmental thức về môi environmental awareness
awareness issues. trường among children.
The government is taking
94. Take drastic Take severe or extreme Thực hiện các
drastic measures to reduce
measures actions. biện pháp mạnh
air pollution.
The city undertook an
95. Undertake an Start a new project or Thực hiện một
initiative to increase
initiative program. sáng kiến
recycling rates.
It’s important to strike a
96. Strike a balance Find a compromise between Đạt được sự balance between
between two opposing things. cân bằng giữa economic growth and
environmental protection.
The government must
97. Tackle Giải quyết các
Face and solve ecological tackle environmental
environmental thách thức môi
problems. challenges to ensure a
challenges trường
sustainable future.
We need to put an end to
98. Put an end to Chấm dứt nạn
Stop the destruction of forests. deforestation to protect
deforestation phá rừng
biodiversity.
Governments should
Khuyến khích
99. Encourage public Promote involvement of the encourage public
sự tham gia của
participation in public in something. participation in
công chúng
conservation efforts.
We must combat climate
100. Combat climate Fight against the effects of Chống lại biến change by reducing
change climate change. đổi khí hậu greenhouse gas
emissions.
Thích nghi với Farmers need to adapt to
101. Adapt to changing Adjust to new environmental
các điều kiện changing conditions
conditions realities.
thay đổi caused by climate change.

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 Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
Activists work to raise
Nâng cao nhận
102. Raise public Increase the public’s public consciousness
thức của công
consciousness awareness and concern. about the effects of
chúng
deforestation.
Suffer the worst part of Chịu đựng phần Coastal cities bear the
103. Bear the brunt of
something. tồi tệ nhất brunt of rising sea levels.
Renewable energy
Reduce the risks associated sources can help mitigate
104. Mitigate risks Giảm thiểu rủi ro
with something. risks associated with fossil
fuels.
Governments need to
105. Implement Enforce or apply specific Thực hiện chính
implement policies to
policies policies. sách
combat deforestation.
Làm cạn kiệt tài Industrialization is rapidly
106. Deplete natural Use up the Earth’s natural
nguyên thiên depleting natural
resources materials.
nhiên resources.
Governments are
Encourage the use of energy
107. Promote Thúc đẩy năng promoting renewable
from natural, sustainable
renewable energy lượng tái tạo energy as a solution to
sources.
climate change.
108. Maintain Keep a stable relationship Protecting wildlife is crucial
Duy trì sự cân
ecological between living organisms and to maintaining ecological
bằng sinh thái
balance their environment. balance.
Phụ thuộc vào We need to reduce our
109. Rely on fossil Depend on coal, oil, and
nhiên liệu hóa reliance on fossil fuels to
fuels natural gas.
thạch mitigate climate change.
Farmers are learning to
110. Adapt to climate Adjust to the effects of Thích nghi với
adapt to climate change by
change changing global temperatures. biến đổi khí hậu
growing different crops.
111. Contribute to Góp phần vào Industrial activities
Add to the worsening of the
environmental sự suy thoái môi contribute to environmental
environment.
degradation trường degradation.
Đầu tư vào The company is investing
112. Invest in Put resources into sustainable
năng lượng tái heavily in renewable
renewable energy energy projects.
tạo energy.
Businesses are starting to
113. Focus on Direct attention toward long- Tập trung vào
focus more on
sustainability term environmental health. tính bền vững
sustainability.
114. Be committed to Many organizations are
Dedicate oneself to protecting Cam kết với các
conservation committed to conservation
the environment. nỗ lực bảo tồn
efforts efforts around the world.
The government is taking
Hành động để
115. Take action on Implement steps to reduce action on carbon reduction
giảm lượng
carbon reduction carbon emissions. by promoting electric
carbon
vehicles.
116. Participate in Tham gia các More people are
Join efforts to recycle waste
recycling sáng kiến tái participating in recycling
materials.
initiatives chế initiatives to reduce waste.
117. Suffer from Chịu đựng sự Many regions are suffering
Experience shortages of
resource cạn kiệt tài from resource depletion
natural resources.
depletion nguyên due to over-exploitation.

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 Vietnamese
Term/phrase Definition Example Sentence
Translation
Governments are reacting
Phản ứng với
118. React to rising Respond to increasing global to rising temperatures by
nhiệt độ tăng
temperatures temperatures. implementing climate
cao
policies.
Conservation groups are
Tham gia vào
119. Be involved in Participate in safeguarding involved in habitat
bảo vệ môi
habitat protection natural habitats. protection to save
trường sống
endangered species.
Hưởng lợi từ Companies benefit from
Gain advantages from
120. Benefit from eco- các phương eco-friendly practices by
environmentally sustainable
friendly practices pháp thân thiện reducing waste and saving
methods.
với môi trường costs.
Coastal communities are
121. Be exposed to Tiếp xúc với các
Be subjected to environmental exposed to environmental
environmental mối nguy hại về
risks. hazards like rising sea
hazards môi trường
levels.
122. On the The ecosystem is on the
Almost at the point of complete
verge/brink/edge Đang trên bờ vực verge of collapse due to
failure.
of ___ deforestation.
Respiratory diseases are on
123. On the rise Increasing Tăng lên the rise due to pollution in
urban areas.
Đang tiến tới sự This country is on the path to
124. On the path to Progressing toward long-term
bền vững về môi sustainability through the use
sustainability environmental health.
trường. of renewable energy.
Có nguy cơ bị
125. At risk of Coastal cities are at risk of
In danger of being harmed by hủy hoại bởi các
environmental environmental damage from
environmental factors. yếu tố môi
damage rising sea levels.
trường.
Đi đầu trong việc
126. At the forefront Leading in the adoption or áp dụng hoặc Scandinavian countries are
of renewable development of sustainable phát triển các at the forefront of renewable
energy energy sources. nguồn năng energy production.
lượng tái tạo.
Trung tâm của sựDeforestation is at the heart
127. At the heart of Central to the reduction in
suy giảm đa dạngof biodiversity loss in tropical
biodiversity loss species variety.
sinh học. rainforests.
Island nations are at the
Dễ bị ảnh hưởng mercy of climate change,
128. At the mercy of Vulnerable to the impacts of
bởi with rising sea levels
threatening their existence.
Bị đe dọa bởi các Marine life is under threat
129. Under threat from In danger due to actions caused
hoạt động của from human activity,
human activity by people.
con người. especially plastic pollution.
Indigenous communities are
130. Under pressure
Experiencing the negative Đang chịu áp lực under pressure from
from
effects of forest clearing. từ nạn phá rừng. deforestation as their natural
deforestation
habitats are destroyed.
Sử dụng năng The village now generates
131. By means of Using energy generated from
lượng được tạo electricity by means of solar
solar power the sun.
ra từ mặt trời. power.