1. What is the primary purpose of a choropleth map?

a) To show hierarchical data

b) To display geographic data with color-coded regions
c) To represent time-series data
d) To show network connections
Answer: b) To display geographic data with color-coded regions
2. Which visualization technique is best for showing the distribution of a single
variable?
a) Histogram
b) Scatter plot
c) Pie chart
d) Line chart
Answer: a) Histogram
3. What does the term “small multiples” refer to in visualization?
a) Tiny icons in a visualization
b) A series of similar charts showing different subsets of data
c) Small datasets
d) Compressed image files
Answer: b) A series of similar charts showing different subsets of data
4. Which color model is used in digital displays for visualization?
a) CMYK
b) Grayscale
c) RGB
d) HSL
Answer: c) RGB
5. Which Gestalt principle explains why we perceive similar objects as a group?
a) Proximity
b) Similarity
c) Closure
d) Continuity
Answer: b) Similarity
6. What is a key limitation of pie charts?
a) They cannot display categorical data
b) They are difficult to compare with many categories
c) They require large datasets
d) They are not interactive
Answer: b) They are difficult to compare with many categories
7. Which tool offers drag-and-drop functionality for creating dashboards?
a) D3.js
b) Matplotlib
c) Tableau
d) Excel
Answer: c) Tableau
8. What does “brushing and linking” achieve in interactive visualizations?
a) Cleaning data before visualization
b) Highlighting related data across multiple views
 c) Linking datasets to external sources
d) Brushing up the visual design
Answer: b) Highlighting related data across multiple views
9. Which visualization is best for part-to-whole relationships?
a) Line chart
b) Stacked bar chart
c) Scatter plot
d) Box plot
Answer: b) Stacked bar chart
10. What is the role of a legend in a visualization?
a) To list data sources
b) To explain the mapping of visual encodings to data values
c) To provide interactive controls
d) To describe the dataset
Answer: b) To explain the mapping of visual encodings to data values
11. Which data type is best visualized using a network graph?
a) Numerical data
b) Relational data
c) Temporal data
d) Categorical data
Answer: b) Relational data
12. What does Tufte’s “chartjunk” refer to?
a) Data points with errors
b) Unnecessary or decorative elements in a visualization
c) Small datasets
d) Interactive features
Answer: b) Unnecessary or decorative elements in a visualization
13. Which Python library is used for interactive plots?
a) Pandas
b) Plotly
c) NumPy
d) Scikit-learn
Answer: b) Plotly
14. What is the benefit of a logarithmic scale in visualizations?
a) It simplifies the dataset
b) It handles wide-ranging data effectively
c) It removes outliers
d) It reduces rendering time
Answer: b) It handles wide-ranging data effectively
15. Which Gestalt principle explains why we see incomplete shapes as complete?
a) Continuity
b) Proximity
c) Closure
d) Similarity
Answer: c) Closure
16. What is a key feature of a box plot?
a) It shows relationships between two variables
b) It summarizes data distribution with quartiles and outliers
c) It displays hierarchical data
d) It represents time-series data
Answer: b) It summarizes data distribution with quartiles and outliers
17. Which visualization is best for comparing values across categories?
a) Pie chart
b) Bar chart
c) Line chart
d) Heatmap
Answer: b) Bar chart
18. What is the purpose of a tooltip in interactive visualizations?
a) To filter the dataset
b) To provide additional data details on hover
c) To change the visualization type
d) To save the visualization
Answer: b) To provide additional data details on hover
19. Which color scheme is best for positive and negative values?
a) Qualitative
b) Sequential
c) Diverging
d) Monochromatic
Answer: c) Diverging
20. What is a key challenge when visualizing big data?
a) Lack of visualization tools
b) Handling large volumes without clutter
c) Inability to use colors
d) Limited data types
Answer: b) Handling large volumes without clutter
21. Which visualization shows frequency distributions?
a) Pie chart
b) Histogram
c) Scatter plot
d) Treemap
Answer: b) Histogram
22. What does “visual hierarchy” guide in visualizations?
a) Data encryption
b) Viewer attention
c) Dataset structuring
d) Data storage
Answer: b) Viewer attention
23. Which tool is best for JavaScript-based custom visualizations?
a) Excel
b) Tableau
c) D3.js
 d) Power BI
Answer: c) D3.js
24. What is the purpose of data aggregation in visualization?
a) To encrypt data
b) To summarize data for clearer insights
c) To increase dataset size
d) To remove outliers
Answer: b) To summarize data for clearer insights
25. Which principle ensures visualizations are not misleading?
a) Gestalt principle
b) Lie factor
c) Proximity
d) Data-ink maximization
Answer: b) Lie factor
26. What is a key advantage of a parallel coordinates plot?
a) It shows hierarchical data
b) It visualizes high-dimensional data
c) It displays time-series data
d) It is limited to two variables
Answer: b) It visualizes high-dimensional data
27. Which visualization uses nodes and edges?
a) Network graph
b) Bar chart
c) Pie chart
d) Line chart
Answer: a) Network graph
28. What is the role of color contrast in visualizations?
a) To improve readability and distinguish elements
b) To reduce file size
c) To make visualizations decorative
d) To limit interactivity
Answer: a) To improve readability and distinguish elements
29. Which Python library is best for statistical visualizations?
a) NumPy
b) Seaborn
c) TensorFlow
d) Pandas
Answer: b) Seaborn
30. What is a key feature of a treemap?
a) It represents hierarchical data with nested rectangles
b) It displays time-series data
c) It shows categorical data
d) It visualizes geographic data
Answer: a) It represents hierarchical data with nested rectangles
31. Which interaction technique selects a subset of data?
a) Zooming
 b) Panning
c) Brushing
d) Filtering
Answer: c) Brushing
32. What is the primary use of a Sankey diagram?
a) To visualize flows between entities
b) To show categorical data
c) To display data distribution
d) To represent time-series data
Answer: a) To visualize flows between entities
33. Which visualization highlights outliers in a dataset?
a) Bar chart
b) Pie chart
c) Box plot
d) Line chart
Answer: c) Box plot
34. What does preattentive processing refer to?
a) Rapid perception of visual attributes
b) Processing data before visualization
c) Cleaning data for visualization
d) Storing data in memory
Answer: a) Rapid perception of visual attributes
35. Which tool is best for non-programmers to create visualizations?
a) Matplotlib
b) Power BI
c) D3.js
d) Seaborn
Answer: b) Power BI
36. What is the benefit of a logarithmic axis?
a) It compresses wide-ranging numerical data
b) It simplifies categorical data
c) It removes missing values
d) It enhances interactivity
Answer: a) It compresses wide-ranging numerical data
37. Which Gestalt principle explains why we group similar objects?
a) Continuity
b) Similarity
c) Proximity
d) Closure
Answer: b) Similarity
38. What is the purpose of a bubble chart?
a) To represent three variables using position and size
b) To show hierarchical data
c) To display time-series data
d) To show categorical data
Answer: a) To represent three variables using position and size
39. Which visualization is least effective for precise comparisons?
a) Bar chart
b) Line chart
c) Pie chart
d) Box plot
Answer: c) Pie chart
40. What is the role of annotations in visualizations?
a) To provide context or highlight key insights
b) To add decorative elements
c) To encrypt data
d) To reduce data points
Answer: a) To provide context or highlight key insights
41. Which visualization is best for showing changes over time?
a) Pie chart
b) Line chart
c) Bar chart
d) Treemap
Answer: b) Line chart
42. What is a key consideration when designing dashboards?
a) Include all available data
b) Ensure clarity and focus on key metrics
c) Use as many colors as possible
d) Avoid interactivity
Answer: b) Ensure clarity and focus on key metrics
43. Which tool allows custom visualizations with JavaScript?
a) D3.js
b) Tableau
c) Power BI
d) Excel
Answer: a) D3.js
44. What does the data-ink ratio emphasize?
a) Increasing dataset size
b) Minimizing non-essential ink in visualizations
c) Adding decorative elements
d) Maximizing non-data elements
Answer: b) Minimizing non-essential