HISTORY OF BASKETBALL

NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL

NATIONAL
The development of this sport in Guatemala has been a process of several years in which there have been
carried out actions aimed at raising the level of the athletes. Currently, in this process
Efforts are being made diligently at the national level in coordination with the trainers of the
national teams and the Technical Department of the Federation, in all categories;
Talent is constantly being sought to prepare the necessary generational shift.
The beginning of 'Bodega Radio' starts with the desire to keep a group of friends together,
schoolmates at Evelyn Rogers in Guatemala City. In the year 1986, Jaime
Köng Álvarez, Gerson Chinchilla Dubón, Rubén Contreras Ramírez, Mario Calderón Paiz, and Erick
Wong Castañeda they began sus steps in the sport del basketball

Initially, the challenge was to win the inter-class championship of the school. Subsequently,
municipal holiday championships and neighborhood leagues. The performance of this was so good
group of boys, who even after graduating, despite continuing to play together, arrived
to achieve individual successes. Such is the case of Gerson Chinchilla Dubón in the Faculty of
Dentistry at the University of San Carlos in Guatemala and the duo of Jaime Köng Álvarez and
Mario Calderón Paiz, who repeatedly became champions with the inter-faculty team
of Agronomy in the University Rafael Landivar of Guatemala.

When this group of friends began to reap successes, the idea of expanding to higher levels arose.
competitive and of greater significance. It was in the year 1995 that its leader Jaime Köng
Álvarez decides to gather his aforementioned companions and now with the adhesion of some.
of the younger brothers of these, who were already following in the footsteps of their older brothers, they
they enroll in the third division of national basketball. In light of needing sponsorship that
I would support this project and upon not finding a person, entity, or company that could be seen
interested in helping the youth and sports of Guatemala, was when Jaime Köng Álvarez
decide to turn to the family business of his maternal grandfather, Jaime Álvarez González, who was
owner of the Radio Fabrics factory and to whom, after his passing, decides to dedicate the
team. As such, the company ceases operations as a factory, becoming a warehouse,
it retains its name and is baptized as 'Bodega Radio'.

INTERNATIONAL
Although we can find it distantly in the times of the Greeks or the Aztecs,
references on basketball, the beginning of this modern game has its origins
in an American school in the year 1891. The promoter of this was a certain James
Naismith, sports instructor at the YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) in
Springfield. James specified the thirteen basic rules of basketball which still
they are in force, however some modifications have been made to adapt them
to the new times where the game mainly relies on the speed with which
the points are scored and in the spectacular way of scoring them.

Caused by the long winters that Springfield endured, and with the urgency that its
students remained entertained and in good physical condition, James considered
create a new game that could be played indoors and in small spaces. Then
after spending several months studying other existing sports and adopting the most
attractiveness of each one, Naismith was able to establish a series of requirements that should be
to have this new sport:
- Affinity for the Ball.
- Easy to learn
- It could be played on any field
- Permanent attack on the goal
- That there would be a balance between attack and defense.
- It is not an aggressive sport

This is how, little by little and after several trials, James finally creates the sport.
known as Basketball basket (basket) and ball (ball), the image of the game was
simple; it would be played only with the hands and the objective would be to get the ball into
a basket, from where its name comes.
The basic principles created by James were:
The ball will be spherical and can be thrown with one or two hands regardless of its
address.
2. Any player can position themselves on the playing field wherever they like and in
any moment.
3. You cannot hold the ball and run with it.
The two teams will play together on the field, but contact is prohibited.
among the players.
5. The goal must be elevated, horizontal, and of small dimensions so that it has
to resort more to skill than to power
6. The teams would be made up of nine players.

The first official basketball game was played in the YMCA gym on the 20th of
January 1892. In 1894, free throw was established; in 1897 five were regulated.
players per team and in 1904 the size of the field was defined.
Women's basketball began in 1892 at Smith College when Senda
Berenson, a physical education teacher, made some changes to the rules of
James to adjust them to women. The first official match was played in the United States.
United in 1893.
Basketball quickly spread throughout the United States and Canada and
promoted to Olympic category in 1936. The sport at the global level is regulated
by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) and are held
championships every so often.
Basketball has remained the same since its beginnings, where more than the contact
strong physique prevails, the technique and skill of each player. Basketball has
transformed into one of the most followed sports worldwide.

Origin of the NBA

In the 1940s, the biggest show was the hockey league, so
that the leaders decided to find a sport that could entertain the
fans while it was taking a winter break. Thus basketball was born.
Association of America (BAA) with 11 teams of which only 3 still are
the Boston Celtics, the New York Knicks, and the Golden State maintain
Warriors. The BAA would merge with another existing professional league at the time, the NBL.
and thus the National Basketball Association (NBA) would be formed. Despite the efforts
due to its leaders, the league did not reach the popularity that ice hockey would have.
ice, until in the 1980s, players like Larry Bird, Magic Johnson and
Michael Jordan consolidated the NBA, now being considered the best league in the world.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
There are many theories about the ancestral origins of basketball that cite
many sports or activities that our ancestors practiced in various
parts. These theories hold that in ancient times, around the world.
There existed a great number of ball games that can well predict the genesis of this.
sport, in them the playful element prevailed, closely related to the
religious aspects and the moral precepts established in each of the cultures.
The games played by each of these ancient civilizations, in the
the context of their culture did not solely represent rest, recreation and
the recreation; it was not just a simple athletic competition, but rather it
It was more of a ritual inscribed in a magical setting, intended to pay tribute.
homage to their deities. Thus, the ball game symbolized one of their rites.
main, born from imagination and spirituality and endowed with a religiosity
special. It is also worth noting the knowledge of sports architecture,
applied with geometric perfection and provided with an impressive sculptural art;
Moreover, the internal regulations of the games clearly state the
the ability of these societies to set norms.
Thus, we can find among the ancestral origins of our sport
many theories that cite different sports that our ancestors practiced
for more than 3000 years. Some examples include: the cultures of Meso
America, which held ball games; ancient Rome with its ball games;
the popular ball games of the Middle Ages, etc.
The most evolved cultures of Mesoamerica played games that were
they were maintained for various civilizations and influenced the development of others
collective ball games in indigenous North America, among them we find:
The Game
The tachtli or tlaxtli, a game practiced by the Aztecs that consisted of passing through a
ball through a hoop.
The playing field consisted of two separate walls, in the middle of which there was
they placed two stones facing each other, each with a hole that could
contain the ball. The ball has a solid and lightweight consistency so that it could
bounce, was made with a rubber called uilli.
The essential condition of the game consisted of passing the ball through some arches.
stone ¡I; verticals located in the center of the playing field, driving the ball
only with the knees, wrists, or elbows.
Technical-Tactical Foundations
This game endowed with a religious and mythological significance conceived the ground of
game like the world and the ball like a star, the moon or the sun; while the
victory or the defeat of the players expressed the ongoing struggle between light and the
darkness, with the sun being defeated at times and the moon at others. The fact of winning the game
it corresponded to an immortal feat, while; loser of the game paid his
defeated with his own life, offering his blood as a sacrifice to the gods.
THE CHICHÓN ITZÁ
Game practiced by the Mayans. The most important playing field measured 95 m.
long by 35 m wide and was surrounded all along by walls 8 m high,
in which two large stone rings were fixed. The ball was made of
rubber from a rubber tree in the jungle. The basic condition of the game was to pass the ball
through the stone rings, for which the ball should be thrown with the back,
knees or the hip. In this way, it was very rare for the ball to pass through
the ring. The relationship of the game with the religious and cosmological aspect meant a
honda perception of the universe and its mythology, reason for decapitation,
it represented for the losing players a high distinction for their lives
further.
ELPOPOL-GÜM
Ball game practiced by the Mayans that consisted of passing a rubber ball
by a stone ring fixed vertically to a stone wall at a variable height.
In the chronicles of the Popol-Vuh, this game is charmingly referenced,
framed within the great harmonic conception of the movement of the cosmos and the
spinning relationship of the ball, as an element in which the Mayan gods
they allegorically manipulated the universe. The Creek Indians, Cherokees and demigod.
North America, they practiced a ball game that revolved around a
post; this one that measured up to 15 m in height, was installed in the center of a piece of land
square. The game began by throwing the ball into the air so that the player who
would manage to take possession of her, would run toward the pole or throw her at one of his
companions, in order to throw the ball and touch a signal that was made at the
top of said pole.
Among the most popular ball games in Ancient Rome, stands out:
THE JARPASTCIM
Ball game, where in a rectangular field provided with a midfield line, the
players tried to carry the ball by throwing it with their hands, from one side
to another part of the land to cross the final line that remained in front of them.
16th century work by an anonymous author, which contains religious beliefs, myths and
historical legends of the Qilicliés Indians of Guatemala
In the Middle Ages, ball games gained great popularity in
many countries, among the best known we find:
THE CHÜLIACK
Game of great popularity in France during the 7th and 8th centuries of our era, which is
was carried out on a rectangular field marked with a center line, two ends and two
laterals. The goal to achieve was not just to carry the ball behind the line of
opposite (as in jarpastum). but also to pass the ball through a hoop
placed horizontally on a pole.
Other games that could well have preceded the origin of modern basketball are:
THE KORF - BALL
Popular game played in the Netherlands, where a tree at a height of 8 or
9 meters a unkorf was placed, in Dutch language basket, which was a square.
of braided rushes that one tried to reach with the ball.

THE CAULDRON
Traditional game originating from the Pyrenean mountains, where Basque shepherds,
in their spare time, they entertained themselves by playing to throw stones at a certain distance and
with a parabolic trajectory, in a cauldron that was buried in a hole made in the
soil.
THE DUCK
Traditional game of Argentina that is played by teams on horseback and consists of
throw a ball equipped with leather handles, into a basketball hoop with a net
placed perpendicularly in relation to the ground.