Final Course Project:

AMOD-412 Diagnosis and Repair of Diesel Engines and Mechanic Authorization

Semesore IV
Final Project of the Mechanical Engineering Course

Repair of diesel and gasoline motors

information and additional resources, the learner will be able to prepare a
Procedure to perform the repair of the engine of a vehicle, considering the
safety, environmental care, and industrial hygiene without error.

WORK STATEMENT

In the handover of maintenance and repair 'MOTORS CARS', the car of Maria enters.
TOYOTA, model Yaris year 2017, with a 1.5 L VVT-i gasoline engine.
The version of the technician is that an abnormal noise is heard in the functioning of the motor.
The noise increased as it was isolated. The designated professional performs some
ask the reader to identify the key elements of the problem; likewise,
Although the Moor has lost power in recent days, it is regaining strength.
ionsumiendo aieioe.

The professional refers that it is first necessary to make a diagnosis of the mood.
and then proceed to the repair of the motor.

1. Prepare a diagnosis project for the improvement.

Motor Diagnosis.
the sensors related to the ignition must be inspected, such as those responsible for the
combustible-air mixed or on-off; in addition to those related to the IAC valves
(Idle Air Control), EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) and TPS (Throttle Position Sensor). The cleaning of all
They may be necessary if any strange accumulation is discovered. Motor Sensor Inspection.

Once this review is done, all the ducts between filters and sensors should be cleaned; it is also
It is important to do the same with the spark plugs to eliminate any residue. Cleaning Ducts Filters
Spark plug sensors. Afterwards, it is necessary to check for leaks in lines or ducts.
even to examine if there are common external signs such as corrosion or excessive wear
fuel. Leaks Lines Ducts Corrosion Fuel Consumption Engine.

2. What equipment and supplies are necessary to perform the diagnosis?

A good mechanic will also need to have a well-equipped toolbox that includes
from specially formulated chemical products for vehicle maintenance to
more advanced equipment, such as inline pressure tests or optical ones. Using this complete variety
of tools helps to determine if there are problems in the fuel, exhaust, or lubrication system.

Mechanics can also choose to use pre-assembled kits specifically designed

to perform tracking in modern engines.

3. Develop a project of activities for the repair of the motor.

1 Register

Normally, vehicles arrive at the workshop in 3 ways. The customer comes without warning, the vehicle is
towed or an appointment has been made. When the vehicle is registered, a mechanic is responsible for the
repair of that vehicle.

2 Inspection

Once registered, it is essential to properly inspect the vehicle. Knowing the faults it has.
The vehicle and other relevant data make it possible to communicate better to the customer what is happening to them.
to your vehicle.

3 Budget estimation

This point is the most important of the process. A well-estimated budget saves time and will prepare the
client. The more thorough it is and the more notes it has, the more it will avoid unexpected problems that may arise.
to arise

Customer authorization

Without authorization, one cannot work on a customer's vehicle.

5 Starting the repair

Once the authorization is available, the mechanic can start working as discussed.
in the estimate.

Usually, there are not many changes regarding the estimate, although unforeseen events may arise. If
If there is something that exceeds the initial estimate, it must be communicated to the client to avoid misunderstandings.

6 Completion of the repair

Once the vehicle repair is finished, it is necessary to check that everything is correct.

The vehicle must leave exactly as it entered the workshop at a minimum, avoiding handing it over to the client.
with grease stains, residues, dirty interiors, etc.

Vehicles should always be returned in the cleanest way possible.

7 Monitoring

After major repairs, it is always good to follow up personally with customers.

This shows the customer that we care and that we are there if there is any problem.

In general, it is a good practice to follow up with each customer and try to obtain feedback.
from their experience to analyze where improvements can be made.

4. List of responses and necessary supplies for the repair of the engine.
The only way to know if you need an engine repair is by conducting a failure diagnosis.
motor. However, some symptoms can be detected that indicate it is time to make the repair,
such as: sudden loss of power, blue smoke from the exhaust, oil-soaked spark plugs, noises
abnormalities, difficulty in cold starting and high oil consumption.

One of the most important symptoms is the increase in oil consumption. The best way to identify
this consumption is through the engine oil level gauge. When it functions normally the
the level should not drop and if it does, it should not be so high compared to the maximum level
establish the manufacturer.
A sign that oil consumption has increased, in addition to what the dipstick indicates.
measurervisit our blog about oil consumptionIt produces blue smoke from the exhaust when accelerating.
what it means that it is burning oil. Other symptoms include a rough sound, the car is
he will start to feel 'left out' and finally the cylinder compression will be out of its parameters
normal.
There are other types of symptoms such as vibrations in the engine WHEN THE BELT BURSTS
ON DISTRIBUTION, the loss of power, overheating of the car, fuel consumption, or everything
type of strange noises while operating.

Final Project of the Mechanical Automation Course

GUIDE QUESTIONS

What is the procedure that should be followed to measure the air pressure of the engine?
What should be done to check the condition of the spark plugs of the engine?

1
The tool you will need to perform this procedure is a manometer to measure.
the engine compression. This can be purchased at specialized stores for accessories for
cars or on the Internet.

2
Start by turning on the car and letting the engine warm up, acquiring its
regular temperature. You should not perform this procedure with the engine cold, so
It is advisable to carry it out after taking a drive with the vehicle.
3
Stop the motor and once the car is off, disconnect the high voltage cables located
in the spark plugs, always paying attention to what you are doing, as you will need to connect them later in
the same position. If you don't want there to be any margin for error, you can take a picture of the spark plugs.
before disconnecting the cables.
Unscrew a spark plug and place the tip of the manometer in the hole of the cylinder head where it
insert the spark plug. It is very important that the nozzle of the manometer is completely sealed.
orifice.
5
Now you should ask another person to start the car engine and accelerate for about 4
seconds, this way you will be able to measure the compression of the engine of this spark plug. Turn off the
Turn it and repeat the previous process with each of the spark plugs of your car.
6
Each of the car's spark plugs must have the same pressure, and it is also important that
match the pressure indicated by the car manufacturer in the manual. In the
cases ofgasoline engines, the difference between cylinders can be up to 1.5 bar, something
perfectly regular.
7
If you are not familiar with the manufacturer's data regarding the indicated compression for the engine of
your car, then base it on the compression ratio of your engine (whether gasoline or
diesel) and add those numbers. For example, in a compression ratio of 14:1, add 14+1 and the
Result, 15, must be the value of the pressure indicated on the manometer.
If the car's engine has compression problems, the best thing to do is take it for a check-up.
to determine the source of the leak and allow specialists to fix it.

2. What components intervene in the refrigeration system of the engine? What function?
Is there a beautiful feeling in the refrigeration system of the motor?
The thermostat is a valve that is responsible for regulating and directing the amount of liquid.
refrigerant that passes through the engine block to absorb that unwanted extra heat and carry it
up to the radiator.

3. What materials are used for the manufacturing of the tabletop? What method should be followed?
to carry out the tightening of the bolts of the joint?

cast iron or aluminum alloys.

A torque wrench or simply a torque meter should be used.

4. What are the types of distribution systems in diesel engines? What is the difference?
What is the difference between the VVTi system and the CVVT system?

the VVT system allows for the adjustment of the timing of the valves
in a limited form and within certain predefined ranges, the system
CVVT offers a continuous and more precise variation
5. What failures are presented in the operation of the air conditioning system when it is obstructed? What
Does the funiiónium fill the flowers of aieioe in the lubrication system of the mooor?
there will be friction in all the moving parts of the engine, which will start to
overheating excessively due to lack of lubrication.
retain in its interior the largest amount of impurities present in the oil.

6. What methods are used for the mounting and unmounting of dining table cylinders?
monobloik? Why is the process of polishing the sheets done and what machine is used?
does it happen?
The cylinder shirt is pressed with screws and bushings in the engine block. After that, it
determine the flare of the shirt at four points (every 90°) with the help of a clock
comparator and is compared with the manufacturer's specifications.
Attention, an insufficient projection height cannot be compensated by several joints of
Arandela tumbaga: In these cases, customized sleeves with a collar should be used.
higher! Mark with a pencil the exact position of the shirt on the engine block before
dismantle it

Place the toroidal rings in the order shown on the packaging. Attention: Do not use.
liquid sealant in no case. Apply the lubricant paste now for assembly on the rings
theoretical. Distribute the rest evenly over the contact surfaces of the sleeves.
cylinder.

Place the cylinder head on the engine block with a smooth motion. Upon doing so,
pay attention to the marks on the engine block and the cylinder sleeve. For final inspection.
the inner diameter in the seating of O-rings must be checked with an instrument
interior measurement.