AHLCON INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

MAYUR VIHAR PHASE - 1, NEW DELHI

CAPSULE COURSE - POLYNOMIALS

CLASS 10 – MATHEMATICS

What is a polynomial?

A polynomial p(x) is an algebraic expression whose all the indices of x

are non-negative integers.
Value of a polynomial:
The value of a polynomial is obtained by putting x = k in p(x),
where, p(x) is a polynomial and k is a real number.
The value of p(x) at x = k is denoted by p(k)
For e.g. If p(x) = x² – 4x + 5,
then, at x = 4,
p(4) = (4)² – 4(4) + 5
=16 – 16 + 5
=5
So, we can say that ‘5’ is the value of polynomial p(x) at x = 4.
Zero(es) of a polynomial:
The real value(s) of the variable for which the value of the
polynomial becomes zero.

For ex. : p(x) = 2x3 – 3x2 – 2x + 3

If x =1, p(1) = 2(1)3 – 3(1)2 – 2(1) + 3

= 2–3–2+3

= 0

We can say that ‘1’ is a zero of p(x).

Geometric meaning of zero(es)

• Graph of an equation or expression is the collection of all the
solutions in the form of points.
• We can find the zeroes by checking - where the graph intersects
the x or y axis.

Nature of graph
❑ Graph of a linear polynomial ax + b is always a straight line.
 ❑ Graph of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c is
i) upward parabola if a > 0

ii) downward parabola if a < 0

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ZERO’S AND COEFFICIENTS OF QUADRATIC POLYNOMIALS

And, the polynomial p(x) is given by

p(x) = K[x2 – ( + )x + ]
Or
p(x) = K[x² – (Sum of the zeroes)x + (Product of the zeroes)]
 QUESTIONS FOR PRACTISE

Section A

1 Which of the following is not a polynomial? [1]

a) √3𝑥 2 − 2√3𝑥 + 5
3
b) 𝑥 + 𝑥

c) 9𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + √2
3 1
d) 2 𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 − 𝑥−8
√2

1 1
2 If 𝛼 , 𝛽 are the zeros of the polynomial p ( x ) = 4 x 2 + 3 x + 7, then 𝛼 + 𝛽 is [1]
equal to

∗ a) 7
3

3
b) − 7
7
c) −
3
7
d) 3

3 If𝛼, 𝛽 be the zeros of the polynomial 2x 2 + 5x + k such that 𝛼 2 + 𝛽 2 + 𝛼𝛽 = [1]

21
then k =?
4

∗∗ a) 2

b) - 3 ∗

c) - 2

d) 3
1
4 The zeros of the polynomial𝑥 2 + 6 𝑥 − 2 are [1]

−4 3
a)
∗
,2
3

b) - 3, 4 AVERAGE
 −3 4
c) ,3
2

−3 3
d) ,4
4

1 1
5 If𝛼 , 𝛽 are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c, then 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 = [1]

𝑏 2 +2𝑎𝑐
a) 𝑐2

∗∗ b)
𝑏 2 −2𝑎𝑐
𝑐2

𝑏 2 +2𝑎𝑐
c) 𝑎2

𝑏 2 −2𝑎𝑐
d) 𝑎2

6 If 𝛼 , 𝛽 are the zeros of polynomialf(x) =x2 - p(x+ 1) - c, then ( 𝛼 + 1) ( 𝛽 + 1) [1]

=

a) 1 + c

∗∗ b) c (EXPECTED)

c) c - 1

d) 1 - c

7 If sum of all zeros of the polynomial 5x2 - (3 + k)x + 7 is zero, then zeroes of [1]
the polynomial 2x 2 - 2(k+ 11)x + 30 are

a) 2, 5

∗∗∗ b) 3, 5

c) 7, 9
d) 3, 6

8 If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k – 1) x2 + kx + 1 is –3, then [1]

the value of k is
−2
a) 3

−4
b) 3

4
c) 3
 2
d) 3

9 If one root of the polynomial f(x ) = 5x2 + 13x + k is reciprocal of the other, [1]
then the value of k is

a) 5

b) 0
∗∗ c) 6
1

d) 6

10 𝛼2
If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeroes of the polynomial x 2 - 6x + 8, then the value of + [1]
𝛽
𝛽2
is
𝛼

∗∗ a) 8

b) 6

c) 12

d) 9

11 If p, q are the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = x2 + k(x - 1) - c, then (p - [1]

1)(q - 1) is equal to ________.

a) c

b) c - 1

c) 1 - c

d) 1 + c

12 The sum and product of the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = 4x2 - 27x + 3k 2 [1]
are equal, then the value of kis

a) ±3

b) 0

c) ±1

d) ±2

13 Assertion (A): A quadratic polynomial with zeroes 2, 3 and - 3 is x 2 – 5x + [1]

6. Reason (R): If 𝛼 and 𝛽 are zeroes of a quadratic polynomial then
 polynomial is given by x 2 - ( 𝛼 + 𝛽 )x + 𝛼 𝛽

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true.

14 Assertion (A): Number zero itself is known as zero polynomial. Reason [1]
(R): Zero polynomial has only one zero.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true.

15 Assertion (A): Graph of linear polynomial always meets x - axis at 3 points. [1]
Reason (R): Degree of linear polynomial is one.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true.

Section B

16 Find the zeroes of 4x2 +24x + 36and verify the relationship between the [2]
zeroes and their coefficients.

17 ∗ If𝛼, 𝛽 are zeroes of quadratic polynomial 2x 2 + 5x + k, find the value of k

such that ( 𝛼 + 𝛽 ) 2 - 𝛼𝛽 = 24. (IMPORTANT)
[2]

18 ∗ Find the zeros of2√3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + √3 and verify the relationship between the
zeros and the coefficients. (IMPORTANT)
[2]

19 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x 2 + x - 2, find the value of [2]
1 1
(𝛼 − 𝛽) . (HOTS)
20 If one zero of the polynomial (a + 5) x2 + 13x + 6a is reciprocal of the other, [2]

∗∗
find the value of a. (IMPORTANT)

21 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x 2 - 5x +k such that 𝛼 - 𝛽 = [2]
1, find the value of k.
 ∗
If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = x 2 - 6x + k, find the value [2]
22 of k such that 𝛼 2 + 𝛽 2 = 40 (IMPORTANT)

23 Find the value of k such that the polynomial x2 - (k + 6)x + 2(2k - 1) has [2]
sum of its zeros equal to half of their product.
24 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x 2 - px + q, prove [2]
𝛼2 𝛽2 𝑝4 4𝑝2
that 𝛽2 + 𝛼2 = 𝑞2 − +2. (HOTS)
𝑞

∗∗
If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x 2 - p(x + 1) - c, [2]
25 show that (𝛼 + 1)(𝛽 + 1) = 1 − 𝑐 . (EXPECTED)
Section C

26 If𝛼 , 𝛽 are the zeros of the polynomial 2x 2 – 4x + 5. find the value of (i) 𝛼 2 + [3]
𝛽 2 (ii) ( 𝛼 - 𝛽 ) 2 .

∗∗
3√5
Find the zeros of polynomialp(y) =𝑦 2 + 2 𝑦 − 5 and verify the relationship [3]
27
between the zeros and its coefficients. (IMPORTANT)
28 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x 2 - 2x + 3, find a [3]
polynomial whose roots are 𝛼 + 2, 𝛽 + 2
29 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = ax 2 +bx + c, then [3]
𝛽 𝛼
evaluate: 𝑎𝛼+𝑏 + 𝑎𝛽+𝑏 .
30 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x 2 - 2x + 3, find a [3]
polynomial whose roots are

1. 𝛼 + 2, 𝛽 + 2
𝛼−1 𝛽−1
2. ,
𝛼+1 𝛽+1

31 Find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product of the zeroes are−
21
[3]
8
5
and 16 [Link] find the zeroes of thepolynomialby factorisation.
32 Find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product of the zeroes [3]
−3 1
are2√5 , − 2 [Link] find the zeroes of thepolynomialby
factorisation.

∗∗
If𝛼 , 𝛽 are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 + 9x + 20, form a quadratic [3]
33 polynomial whose zeroes are ( + 1) and ( 𝛽 + 1).
Section D

34 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeroes of the polynomial x 2 + 4x + 3, find the polynomial [5]
𝛽 𝛼
whose zeroes are 1 + 𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑1 + 𝛽. . (IMPORTANT)
35 If𝛼 and 𝛽 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c, then [5]
 𝛼2 𝛽2 𝛼 𝛽
evaluate: 𝑎 ( 𝛽 + ) + 𝑏 (𝛽 + 𝛼) (HOTS)
𝛼

36 If𝛼𝑎𝑛𝑑𝛽 are the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 6x 2 + 5x - k satisfying the [5]
1
relation, −𝛽 = 6 , then find the value of k. (HOTS)
37 If𝛼𝑎𝑛𝑑𝛽 are the zeroes of polynomial p(x) = 3x 2 + 2x + 1, find the [5]
1−𝛼 1−𝛽
polynomial whose zeroes are 1+𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑 1+𝛽 . (HOTS)
38 Find the zeros of f(s) =2𝑠 2 − (1 + 2√2)𝑠 + √2 and verify the relationship [5]
(EXPECTED)