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Types of Loads

The document discusses Constant Impedance, Current, and Power (ZIP) loads in power systems, detailing their characteristics and calculations. It includes examples of transformer power factor calculations and provides specific load calculations for constant impedance, current, and power loads. The document also presents current calculations for different load types, illustrating the relationships between voltage, current, and power.

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Nimesh
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92 views8 pages

Types of Loads

The document discusses Constant Impedance, Current, and Power (ZIP) loads in power systems, detailing their characteristics and calculations. It includes examples of transformer power factor calculations and provides specific load calculations for constant impedance, current, and power loads. The document also presents current calculations for different load types, illustrating the relationships between voltage, current, and power.

Uploaded by

Nimesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

A

Paper on

CONSTANT
IMPEDANCE,
CURRENT, POWER- ZIP
LOADS

By

G. SARAVANAN
31st August 2025
ZIP Loads

Types of Loads in Power System are as


1 Constant Impedance Load (Z)
2 Constant Current Load (I)
3 Constant Power Load (P)

1 Constant Imp,Current,Power Loads (ZIP)


Example

Grid Voltage 11 KV

Transformer Rating 2.5 MVA


HV Voltage 11 KV
LV Voltage 0.433 KV
HV Current 131.216 A
LV Current 3333.431 A
A Transformer HV side Power Factor calculation
P 988.7 KW
Q 790.3 KVAR
Tanphi=Q/P
Tanphi 0.799332457
Cosphi 0.781123

B Transformer LV side Power Factor calculation


P 982.1 KW
Q 750.8 KVAR
Tanphi=Q/P
Tanphi 0.764484268
Cosphi 0.794442
Constant Impedance Load
P : V^2
Z
Power is directly proportional to square of the voltage
Current is directly proportional to Voltage
Impedance is constant
Constant Current Load
P : VI
Power is directly proportional to voltage
Current is constant
Constant Power Load
P : VI
Power is constant
C Constant Impedance Load calculation

Lump5 Given Prated 365 KW


Qrated 341.7 KVAR
PF 0.73

Vrated 1 pu
Vactual 1.019 pu

To Find Pactual=Pr*(Vact/Vrated)^2
P 379.001765
Qactual=Qr*(Vact/Vrated)^2
Q 354.8079537
D Constant Current Load calculation

Lump6 Given Prated 425 KW


Qrated 263.4 KVAR
PF 0.85

Vrated 1 pu
Vactual 1.019 pu
To Find Pactual=Pr*(Vact/Vrated)
P 433.075
Qactual=Qr*(Vact/Vrated)
Q 268.4046
E Constant Power Load calculation
Motor2 Given Prated 170 KW
Srated 200 KVA
PF 0.8

FLA 295.6311619 A
Prated 170 KW
Qrated=sqrt3*Vrated*Irated*sinphi
Qrated 127.5
F Transformer LV current Calculation
Current Power factor
Costant Z load Lump5 708.8 A 0.73

Costant I load Lump6 695.6 A 0.85

Costant P load Motor2 290.1 A 0.8

Polar Format Rectangular format


Magnitude Angle
Lump5 708.8 43.1136 517.424+j484.427

Lump6 695.6 31.78833 591.26+j366.430

Motor2 290.1 36.86989 232.08+j174.06


Rectangular Total current 1340.764+j1024.917 A
Polar Total current 1687.632 37.39529 A

Transformer LV side current 1687.632 A


Power factor 0.794464
G Current Calculations for Different Loads

Z Constant Impedance Load


Current is directionally proportional to voltage
V=IZ
Lump-5 Irated : 695.6 A
Vrated : 1 pu
Vactual : 1.019 pu
Iactual=Irated*(Vactual/Vrated)
Iactual : 708.8164 A
I Constant Current Load
Lump-6 Current is constant
Irated : 696 A
P Constant Power Load
P=VI
Current is Inversely proportional to voltage
Motor-2 Irated : 295.6 A
Vrated : 1 pu
Vactual : 1.019 pu
Iactual=Irated*(Vrated/Vacual)
Iactual : 290.0883219 A

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