1.
census
noun
/ˈsensəs/
an official counting especially of a country’s inhabitants
sự điều tra dân số
The English government took its first national census in 1801.
[Link]
adjective
/ˈpɒp.jə.ləs/
full of people
đông đúc
[Link]
noun
/reis/
a competition to find who or which is the fastest
cuộc đua
a horse race.
race
verb
to (cause to) run in a race
tham gia cuộc đua, cuộc thi
I’m racing my horse on Saturday
The horse is racing against five others.
to have a competition with (someone) to find out who is the fastest
đua với ai
I’ll race you to that tree.
to go etc quickly
vội vã
He raced along the road on his bike.
4. origin
Noun
/ˈɔːr.ə.dʒɪn/
the place or point from which anything first comes; the cause
nguồn gốc
It's a book about the origin of the universe
[Link]
adjective
/ˌdʒi.əˈɡræf.ɪ.kəl/
relating to geography, or to the geography of a particular area or
place:
(thuộc về) địa lý / vị trí địa lý
The earthquake caused damage over a wide geographical area.
→ Trận động đất gây thiệt hại trên một vùng địa lý rộng lớn.
6. comprise
verb
/kəmˈpraiz/
to contain or consist of
bao gồm
Her family comprises two sons and a daughter.
7. relatively
adverb
/ˈrel.ə.tɪ[Link]/
when compared to someone or something else
tương đối
He seems relatively happy now
This is a fairly unimportant problem, relatively speaking.
8. progressive
Adjective
/prəˈɡres.ɪv/
developing and advancing by stages
tiến triển
a progressive illness
using, or favouring, new methods
tiến bộ
The new headmaster is very progressive.
(also continuous) (of a verb tense or form) indicating an activity that
is, was, or will be continuing at some period of time
tiếp diễn
The progressive form of a verb is be + verb-ing (= be + present participle) (eg
is working, was waiting, have been dancing).
progressive
noun
the progressive (tense) (also the continuous tense)
sự diễn tiến
The sentence ‘They were watching TV’. is in the progressive.
9. metropolitan
adjective
/ˌmet.rəˈpɑː.lə.tən/
of or in a capital city
có tính thủ đô
He was drawn to the metropolitan glamour and excitement of Paris.
10 dense
adjective
/dens/
thick and close
dày đặc
We made our way through dense forest
The fog was so dense that we could not see anything.
very stupid
rất ngu ngốc
He’s so dense I have to tell him everything twice.
11. gender
noun
/ˈdʒen.dər/
any of a number of classes into which nouns and pronouns can be
divided (eg masculine, feminine, neuter).
(ngôn ngữ học) giống
I think all genders are able to care for children equally.
12.. statistical
/stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kəl/
adjective
thuộc thống kê
The report is based on statistical analysis.
→ Báo cáo này dựa trên phân tích thống kê.
13. expectancy
/ɪkˈspek.tə[Link]/
noun
the state of expecting or hoping
tình trạng mong chờ
The voyage opened on a note of excitement and expectancy.
14. persecution
/ˈpɝː.sɪ.kjuːt/
noun
sự hành hạ
15. settler
/ˈset.lər/
noun
a person who settles in a country that is being newly populated
người định cư
They were among the early settlers on the east coast of America.
16. colonist
noun
/ˈkɑː.lə.nist/
tên thực dân
17. stage
noun
/steidʒ/
a raised platform especially for performing or acting on, eg in a
theatre/theater
sân khấu
The actors had already assembled on the stage ready for the curtain to go up.
stage
verb
to prepare and produce (a play etc) in a theatre/theater etc
đưa lên sân khấu
This play was first staged in 1928.
to organize (an event etc)
sắp xếp, tổ chức
The protesters are planning to stage a demonstration.
18. widespread
/ˌwaɪdˈspred/
adjective
spread over a large area or among many people
lan rộng
The campaign has received widespread support.
19 scarcity
/ˈsker.sə.t̬ i/
noun
(a) lack or shortage
sự khan hiếm
There is a scarcity of clean drinking water in many parts of the world.
→ Nhiều nơi trên thế giới đang thiếu nước sạch để uống.
20. abundance
Noun
/əˈbʌn.dəns/
a large amount
sự nhiều
There was food in abundance.
21. expand
verb
/ɪkˈspænd/
to make or grow larger; to spread out wider
nở ra; mở rộng
He does exercises to expand his chest
22. citizen
noun
/ˈsɪt.ɪ.zən/
an inhabitant of a city or town
dân thành phố
a citizen of London.
a member of a state or country
công dân
She considers herself a citizen of the world.
23. widespread
adjective
/ˌwaɪdˈspred/
spread over a large area or among many people
lan rộng
The campaign has received widespread support.
24. quota
noun
/ˈkwəʊ.tə/
the part, share or amount allotted to each member of a group etc
hạn ngạch
The country now has a quota on immigration.
25. eliminate
verb
/iˈlɪm.ə.neɪt/
to get rid of; to omit or exclude
loại ra
He was eliminated from the tennis championship in the first round.
26. sanction
noun
/ˈsæŋk.ʃən/
permission or approval
sự phê chuẩn
The soldier’s action did not have the sanction of his commanding officer.
sanction
verb
to permit or agree to
phê chuẩn
We cannot sanction the use of force.
27 decline
verb
/dɪˈklaɪn/
to say ’no’ to (an invitation etc); to refuse
từ chối
We declined his offer of a lift.
to become less strong or less good etc
giảm
His health has declined recently
Our profits have temporarily declined.
decline
noun
a gradual lessening or worsening (of health, standards, quantity etc)
sự sút giảm
There has been a gradual decline in the birthrate.
[Link]
adjective
/strikt/
severe, stern, and compelling obedience
nghiêm khắc
This class needs a strict teacher
His parents were very strict with him
The school rules are too strict
strict orders.
exact or precise
chính xác
If the strict truth were known, he was drunk, not ill.
29. wage
verb
/ˈweɪ·dʒəz/
to carry on or engage in (especially a war)
tiến hành
The North waged war on/against the South.
wage
noun
(also wages noun plural) a regular, usually weekly rather than
monthly, payment for the work that one does
lương tuần
He spends all his wages on clothes
What is his weekly wage?
30. workforce
Noun
/ˈwɜːk.fɔːs/
the number of workers (available for work) in a particular industry,
factory etc
lực lượng lao động
The factory has a workforce of about 300 people.
