Question ID b1b5300b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: b1b5300b 2.1
Prices of 14 Different Cars
Type of car Priced at no more Priced greater Total
than $25,000 than $25,000
Nonhybrid 5 3 8
Hybrid 2 4 6
Total 7 7 14
The table above shows information about 14 cars listed for sale on an auto dealership’s website. If
one of the cars listed for sale is selected at random, what is the probability that the car selected will
be a hybrid car priced at no more than $25,000 ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: b1b5300b Answer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that there are 2 hybrid cars priced at no more than $25,000. It’s also given that
there are 14 cars total for sale. Therefore, the probability of selecting a hybrid priced at no more than $25,000
when one car is chosen at random is .
Choice B is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a hybrid car priced greater than $25,000 when
choosing one car at random. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability, when choosing randomly from only
the hybrid cars, of selecting one priced at no more than $25,000. Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability of
selecting a hybrid car when selecting at random from only the cars priced greater than $25,000.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID e1ad3d41
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: e1ad3d41 2.2
Eye color
Coat color
Deep blue Light brown Total
Cream-tortoiseshell 16 16 32
Chocolate 12 4 16
Total 28 20 48
The data on the coat color and eye color for 48 Himalayan kittens available
for adoption were collected and summarized in the table above. What
fraction of the chocolate-colored kittens has deep blue eyes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e1ad3d41 Answer
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The table shows that there are a total of 16 kittens that have a chocolate-colored coat. Of
the 16 with a chocolate-colored coat, 12 have deep blue eyes. Therefore, the fraction of chocolate-colored
kittens with deep blue eyes is simply the ratio of those two numbers, or .
Choice A is incorrect; this is the fraction of all chocolate-colored kittens. Choice B is incorrect; this is the
fraction of kittens with deep blue eyes that have a chocolate-colored coat. Choice C is incorrect; this is the
fraction of cream-tortoiseshell-colored kittens with deep blue eyes.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 0301c5dc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: 0301c5dc 2.3
The table below shows the number of state parks in a certain state that contain camping facilities and
bicycle paths.
Has bicycle paths Does not have bicycle paths
Has camping facilities 20 5
Does not have camping facilities 8 4
If one of these state parks is selected at random, what is the probability
that it has camping facilities but does not have bicycle paths?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 0301c5dc Answer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The total number of state parks in the state is . According to the table, 5
of these have camping facilities but not bicycle paths. Therefore, if a state park is selected at random, the
probability that it has camping facilities but not bicycle paths is .
Choice B is incorrect. This is the probability that a state park selected at random from the state parks with
camping facilities does not have bicycle paths. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability that a state park
selected at random from the state parks with bicycle paths does not have camping facilities. Choice D is
incorrect. This is the probability that a state park selected at random from the state parks without bicycle
paths does have camping facilities.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 0ae37ff3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: 0ae37ff3 2.4
In a bag, there are red, white, blue, and yellow cubes. If one of these cubes is selected at random, what
is the probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 0ae37ff3 Answer
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that there are red, white, blue, and yellow cubes in the bag. Therefore,
there are a total of , or , cubes in the bag. If the cube is neither blue nor yellow, then it must
be either red or white. Therefore, the probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow is
equivalent to the probability of selecting a cube that is either red or white. If one of these cubes is selected at
random, the probability of selecting a cube that is either red or white is equal to the sum of the number of red
cubes and white cubes divided by the total number of cubes in the bag. There are red cubes, white cubes,
and total cubes in the bag. Therefore, the probability of selecting a red or white cube is , which is
equivalent to , or . Thus, if one cube is selected at random, the probability of selecting a cube that is
neither blue nor yellow is .
Choice A is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a cube that is either blue or yellow, rather than the
probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow.
Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 2df8f293
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: 2df8f293 2.5
Each vertex of a -sided polygon is labeled with one of the letters through , with a different letter at each
vertex. If one vertex is selected at random, what is the probability that the letter will be at the selected vertex?
(Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)
ID: 2df8f293 Answer
Correct Answer: .0714, 1/14
Rationale
The correct answer is . If one vertex of the polygon is selected at random, the probability that the letter
will be at the selected vertex is equal to the number of vertices labeled with the letter divided by the total
number of vertices. It's given that each vertex is labeled with one of the letters through , with a
different letter at each vertex. It follows that there is vertex labeled with the letter . It's also given that the
polygon is -sided. It follows that there are a total of vertices. Thus, the probability that the letter will be
at the selected vertex is . Note that 1/14, .0714, and 0.071 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 912cd125
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: 912cd125 2.6
For a science project, Anka recorded whether it rained each weekday and weekend day for 12 weeks. Her
results are summarized in the table below.
Weekday and Weekend Day Rain for 12 Weeks
Rain No rain Total
Number of weekdays 12 48 60
Number of weekend days 8 16 24
Total 20 64 84
If one of the days on which there was no rain is selected at random, what is
the probability the day was a weekend day?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 912cd125 Answer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. There were 64 days with no rain. It was a weekend day for 16 of those 64 days. So 16 out of
64 of the days with no rain were weekend days. Because the day is selected at random, each day has an equal
chance of being selected, so the probability is .
Choice A is incorrect. It is the probability that a day selected at random from any one of the days during the 12
weeks is a weekend day with no rain. Choice C is incorrect. It is the probability that a day selected at random
from the weekend days has no rain. Choice D is incorrect. It is the probability that a day selected at random
from the days with no rain is a weekday.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 30db8f77
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: 30db8f77 2.7
At a conference, there are a total of attendees. Each attendee is assigned to either group A, group B, or
group C. If one of these attendees is selected at random, the probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned
to group A is and the probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned to group B is . How many
attendees are assigned to group C?
ID: 30db8f77 Answer
Correct Answer: 88
Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that there are a total of attendees and each attendee is assigned to
either group A, group B, or group C. It's also given that if one of these attendees is selected at random, the
probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned to group A is and the probability of selecting an
attendee who is assigned to group B is . It follows that there are , or , attendees who are
assigned to group A and , or , attendees who are assigned to group B. The number of attendees
who are assigned to group C is the number of attendees who are not assigned to group A or group B. In other
words, the number of attendees who are assigned to group C is the total number of attendees minus the
number of attendees who are assigned to group A and group B. Therefore, the number of attendees who are
assigned to group C is , or .
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 38a9ac45
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: 38a9ac45 2.8
If 1,200 customers register for new accounts at a social media website
every day, what fraction of the first 60,000 new accounts are registered in
the first 5 days?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 38a9ac45 Answer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. If 1,200 customers register for new accounts every day, then (1,200)(5) = 6,000 customers
registered for new accounts in the first 5 days. Therefore, of the first 60,000 new accounts that were registered,
, or , were registered in the first 5 days.
Choice A is incorrect. The fraction represents the fraction of accounts registered in 1 of the first 5 days.
Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or computation errors. Choice D is incorrect. The
fraction represents the fraction of the first 60,000 accounts that were registered in 1 day.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID b6569d0e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: b6569d0e 2.9
United States
Presidents
from 1789 to
2015
Ages Number
40–44 2
45–49 7
50–54 13
55–59 11
60–64 7
65–69 3
The table above gives the number of United States presidents from 1789 to
2015 whose age at the time they first took office is within the interval listed.
Of those presidents who were at least 50 years old when they first took
office, what fraction were at least 60 years old?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: b6569d0e Answer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. The sample space is restricted to the presidents who were at least 50 years old when they
first took office. Therefore, the sum of the values in the final four rows of the table, , is the
total number of presidents in the sample space. The number of presidents who were at least 60 years old is the
sum of the values in the final two rows of the table: . Thus, the fraction of the 34 presidents who were
at least 50 years old when they first took office who were at least 60 years old is .
Choice A is incorrect. This is the fraction of all presidents in the table who were at least 60 years old when
they first took office. Choice C is incorrect and may result from treating the number of presidents who were
between 50 and 59 years old when they first took office, instead of the number of presidents who were at least
50 years old, as the sample space. Choice D is incorrect and may result from a calculation error.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID a3384df0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: a3384df0 2.10
Penguin Exhibit
Type of penguin Male Female Total
Chinstrap 41 59 100
Emperor 8 27 35
Gentoo 49 54 103
Macaroni 42 40 82
Total 140 180 320
The number of penguins in a zoo exhibit, sorted by gender and type of
penguin, is shown in the table above. Which type of penguin has a female
population that is the closest to being of the total female penguin
population in the exhibit?
A. Chinstrap
B. Emperor
C. Gentoo
D. Macaroni
ID: a3384df0 Answer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. It is given that there are 180 female penguins in the exhibit. Therefore, of the female
penguins is penguins. According to the table, there are 59 female chinstrap penguins, 27 female
emperor penguins, 54 female gentoo penguins, and 40 female macaroni penguins. So the female chinstrap
penguin population is the closest to 60, or of the total female population in the exhibit.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from reading data from the table incorrectly. Since the total
female penguin population is 180, of the total female penguin population is 60. The numbers of female
emperor (27), female gentoo (54), and female macaroni (40) penguins are not as close to 60 as the number of
female chinstrap penguins (59).
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 46b2e169
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: 46b2e169 2.11
A box contains red pens and blue pens. If one of these pens is selected at random, what is the probability
of selecting a red pen? (Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)
ID: 46b2e169 Answer
Correct Answer: .26, 13/50
Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that a box contains red pens and blue pens. If one of these pens is
selected at random, the probability of selecting a red pen is the number of red pens in the box divided by the
number of red and blue pens in the box. The number of red and blue pens in the box is , or . Since
there are red pens in the box, it follows that the probability of selecting a red pen is . Note that 13/50 and
.26 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID f8696cd8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty
SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and
and Data Analysis conditional
probability
ID: f8696cd8 2.12
Human Resources Accounting
Bachelor’s degree 4 3
Master’s degree 2 6
The table above shows the number of people who work in the Human
Resources and Accounting departments of a company and the highest level
of education they have completed. A person from one of these departments
is to be chosen at random. If the person chosen works in the Human
Resources department, what is the probability that the highest level of
education the person completed is a master’s degree?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: f8696cd8 Answer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. In total, there are 6 people in the Human Resources department. Of those 6, 2 have a
master’s degree as their highest level of education. Therefore, the probability of an employee selected at
random from the Human Resources department having a master’s degree is , which simplifies to .
Choice A is incorrect; it is the probability that an employee selected at random from either department will be
in the Human Resources department and have a master’s degree. Choice C is incorrect; it is the probability that
an employee with a master’s degree selected at random will be in the Human Resources department. Choice D
is incorrect; it is the probability that an employee selected at random from either department will have a
master’s degree.
Question Difficulty: Medium
