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Glass For Curtain Wall 2

The document is a comparison sheet for facade and skylight glass specifications, detailing compliance with various performance standards and materials used. It includes technical data on tempered and laminated glass, GRC panels, and perforated aluminum plates, along with installation guidelines and safety considerations. The document emphasizes structural performance, thermal insulation, and fire safety across the different facade systems.

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Binyam Ayele
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
133 views129 pages

Glass For Curtain Wall 2

The document is a comparison sheet for facade and skylight glass specifications, detailing compliance with various performance standards and materials used. It includes technical data on tempered and laminated glass, GRC panels, and perforated aluminum plates, along with installation guidelines and safety considerations. The document emphasizes structural performance, thermal insulation, and fire safety across the different facade systems.

Uploaded by

Binyam Ayele
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Comparison Sheet

Sn Specification Data from Proposed supplier Remarks

1 Location: facade and skylight glass Location: facade and skylight glass /

2 6 mm + 12 mm air gap + 6 mm + 1.52 mm PVB + 6 mm 6 mm + 12 mm air gap + 6 mm + 1.52 mm PVB + 6 mm Comply

Option-01: Glass sample A04 Option-02: Glass sample A05


3 / /
(TKN157B,double silver Low-E) (KLB157,double silver Low-E)

4 Heat Gain Coefficient: 0.33 0.31 0.33 Comply

5 Visible Light Transmittance: 0.510 0.52 0.53 Comply

6 U-value 2.24 W/m².K 1.65(winter) 1.70(winter) Comply


Technical Data Sheet
Test Report
Company Profile
Façade Systems
Contents
Façade Systems ........................................................................................................................... 1
1. Tempered and Laminated Glass façade ............................................................................ 4
1. General ............................................................................................................................ 4
Performance Requirements .................................................................................................. 4
2. Materials and Components ............................................................................................... 4
2.1. Aluminum Framing System .......................................................................................... 4
2.2. Glazing System (Tempered-Laminated Glass) ............................................................... 5
2.3. Operable Window Sash ................................................................................................. 5
3. Fabrication and Installation Requirements........................................................................ 5
4. Safety & Maintenance Considerations.............................................................................. 6
5. Quality Control & Testing ............................................................................................... 6
2. GRC PANELS................................................................................................................. 7
1. General Description ......................................................................................................... 7
2. Materials & Components ................................................................................................. 7
2.2.1 Primary Structural Frame (Galvanized Mild Steel – GMS Hollow Sections & Angles) 8
3. Installation Guidelines ..................................................................................................... 9
4. Tolerances ..................................................................................................................... 10
5. Safety & Performance Standards.................................................................................... 10
3. Perforated aluminum plate ............................................................................................. 11
1. General .......................................................................................................................... 11
Compliance Standards ....................................................................................................... 11
2. Materials and Components ............................................................................................. 11
2.2. Mounting System ........................................................................................................ 12
3. Fabrication and Installation Requirements ...................................................................... 12
4. Safety & Maintenance Considerations............................................................................ 12
5. Quality Control & Testing ............................................................................................. 13
4. FABRIC FAÇADE ........................................................................................................ 14
1. General .......................................................................................................................... 14
2. Materials & Components ............................................................................................... 14
2.3 Fasteners & Fixings ..................................................................................................... 15
3. Installation Guidelines ................................................................................................... 15
4. Tolerances ..................................................................................................................... 16
5. Safety & Performance Standards.................................................................................... 16
5. Skylight ......................................................................................................................... 17
General.............................................................................................................................. 17
2. Materials & Components ............................................................................................... 17
5. Quality Control & Testing ............................................................................................. 19
1. Tempered and Laminated Glass façade
1. General
 Aluminum and glass facade system with operable window sashes.

Compliance Standards:
 Structural Performance: ASTM E330 (Wind Load Resistance)
 Water Penetration: ASTM E331 (No leakage under test conditions)
 Air Infiltration: ASTM E283
 Glass Safety: EN 12150 (Tempered Glass), ASTM C1172 (Laminated Glass)
 Aluminum Specification: ASTM B209 (Aluminum Sheet & Plate), ASTM B221
(Extruded Aluminum)

Performance Requirements:
 Wind Load Resistance: As per project-specific wind pressure calculations.
 Thermal Insulation: U-value 2.24 W/m².K
 Heat Gain Coefficient: 0.33
 Fire Resistance: Non-combustible materials in compliance with local fire codes.

2. Materials and Components

2.1. Aluminum Framing System


 Material: Brushed Extruded aluminum alloy 6063-T3 (ASTM B221).
 Finish: Anodized or Powder-coated
 Sections & Dimensions (As per Drawing)
 Mullions: 75 mm (width) × 200 mm (depth).
 Transoms: 43 mm (width) x 65mm (depth).
 Window Frame Sections: Vertical and Horizontal frame members: 35 (width) x 90mm
(depth).
 Sash profile: Integrated within the window frame.
 Fasteners: Stainless steel ST4.8X38mm LG.S.S.HH.S.T.

2.2. Glazing System (Tempered-Laminated Glass)


Glass Type: Laminated tempered glass with PVB interlayer.

Configuration:
1. Outer Layer: 6 mm thick tempered glass.
2. Air Gap: 12 mm.
3. Outer Layer: 6 mm thick tempered glass.
4. Intermediate layer: 1.52 mm PVB interlayer.
5. Inner Layer: 6 mm thick tempered glass.
 Total Glass Assembly Thickness: 6 mm + 12 mm air gap + 6 mm + 1.52 mm
PVB + 6 mm = 31.52 mm.

Glazing Performance
 Heat Gain Coefficient: 0.33
 Visible Light Transmittance: 0.510
 Thermal Insulation: U-value 2.24 W/m².K
 Impact Resistance: as per EN 12600.

Sealing System:
 Silicone sealant (ASTM C1184).
 EPDM glazing gaskets.

2.3. Operable Window Sash


• Type: sliding aluminum window sash integrated within the frame.

• Frame Dimensions: 62 mm width × 30 mm depth.

Hardware:
• Set of rollers or a track system that supports the sashes

• Multi-point locking system.

3. Fabrication and Installation Requirements

3.1. Tolerances
• Aluminum Frame Components: ±1.5 mm.

• Glass Panel Dimensions: ±1 mm.

• Glazing Gasket Fitment: ±0.5 mm.

3.2. Assembly & Structural Considerations


• All framing members are pre-fabricated, cut, and pre-drilled for precision assembly.

• Mullions and transoms are structurally reinforced for wind load resistance.

• Window sashes are installed with concealed drainage slots for water management.

3.3. Glazing Installation


• Glazing panels must be installed using continuous EPDM gaskets.

• Glass edges must be polished and free of defects before installation.

3.4. Water Drainage & Air Tightness


• Weep Holes: Integrated into the bottom frame members for water drainage.

• Air Infiltration Prevention: Continuous gaskets applied at sash interfaces.

4. Safety & Maintenance Considerations

4.1. Structural Safety


• Designed to withstand lateral loads as per local building codes.

• Thermal expansion joints are provided to accommodate movement.

4.2. Fire Safety


• Non-combustible aluminum and glass materials comply with ASTM E119 fire resistance
requirements.

• Sealants used must have a fire rating of at least 1 hour.

4.3. Maintenance Requirements


• Routine inspection of silicone seals and EPDM gaskets.

• Glass cleaning with pH-neutral detergents to avoid damage to coatings.

• Lubrication of operable window hinges.

5. Quality Control & Testing

5.1. Factory Testing


• Glass Assembly: Strength, optical clarity, and PVB adhesion tests.

• Aluminum Sections: Coating thickness and corrosion resistance tests.

• Sealants & Gaskets: Aging and weathering resistance tests.

5.2. On-Site Testing


• Air Infiltration & Water Penetration: ASTM E283 & ASTM E331 tests.

• Structural Load Testing: ASTM E330 compliance check.


2. GRC PANELS

1. General Description
The GRC façade system consists of Glass Reinforced Concrete (GRC) panels mounted on a steel
sub-frame, supported by a combination of galvanized mild steel (GMS) hollow sections, angles,
and fasteners.

• High structural strength with lightweight construction.


• Durability and weather resistance for external cladding applications.
• Fire resistance and improved thermal insulation.

2. Materials & Components

2.1 GRC Panel System


• Material: Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GRC).
• Panel Thickness: 50mm.

Composition:
• Cement: as per ASTM C150.

• Alkali-resistant (AR) glass fibers.

• Fine aggregates per ASTM C33.

Finish:
• Textured surfaces.

• Pigmented Finish: Inorganic Pigments; Iron and chrome oxides

Performance:
• Heat Storage Coefficient: 11.306 W/(㎡.K)
• Thermal Conductivity: 0.930 W/m·K (ASTM C177).
• Compressive Strength: as per (ASTM C109).
• Flexural Strength: as per (ASTM C947).
• Water Absorption: as per (ASTM C1185).
• Fire Rating: Non-combustible as per EN 13501-1.

2.2 Structural Support System

2.2.1 Primary Structural Frame (Galvanized Mild Steel – GMS Hollow Sections & Angles)
• Material: Galvanization hollow mild steel (ASTM A36 or EN 10346).

Finish:
• Galvanized.

Component Dimensions:
• Primary Hollow Sections for GRC support (outside):
• 120×80×5 mm GMS hollow section (main support frame).
• 80×60×5 mm GMS hollow section (base connection).
• Secondary Support Sections for 4mm Thick Aluminum composite panel support (inside)
• 50×50×4 mm GMS hollow section (Vertical sub-frame).
• 50×50×4 mm thick GMS horizontal sub-frame with for panel connection support with 40mm
x 20 mm aluminum angle connection.

Performance:
• Yield Strength: as per (ASTM A500).
• Tensile Strength: as per (ASTM A36).
• Corrosion Resistance: as per (ASTM B117).

2.2.2 Aluminum Composite Panel (ACP) Inner Cladding


• Material: 4 mm thick aluminum composite panel.
• Core: Fire-resistant core.
• Interior face finish: Satin Brushed White.

Performance
• Fire Classification: as per ASTM E84.

• Impact Resistance: as per ASTM D2794.

2.3 Fasteners & Fixings

2.3.1 Structural Fasteners (Panel-to-Steel Connections & Steel-to-Steel Connections)


• Material: Stainless steel
• Types & Sizes:
• ST6.3X70mm LGS self-tapping screws Panel-to-Steel Connections.
• M12 * 100mm stainless steel bolt set for GMS.HOLLOW (120X80X5mm) to Main structure
I section connection.
2.3.2 Structural Weld (Vertical G.M.S. HOLLOW to Horizontal G.M.S. HOLLOW)

Weld Size and Length:


• Fillet Weld (for T joints): Minimum 4mm- 8mm (depending on load and section thickness).
• Butt Weld (end-to-end): Full penetration, with backing plate or double-sided welds for extra
strength.

Pre-Welding Preparation:
• Grind off coating (20mm around weld zone) to avoid porosity and toxic fumes.
• Clean joint area from oil, rust, and dirt.
• Ensure proper fit-up with clamps or tack welds.

Post-Weld Treatment:
• Grind smooth for exposed surface.
• Apply zinc-rich cold galvanizing spray or paint for corrosion protection.
• Perform visual inspection.

2.3.2 Silicone Sealants & Backer Rod


• Sealant Type: silicone-based joint sealant (matching panel color).

• Application: Used in expansion joints as seam closing and Weather Resistance (matching panel
color).

Performance:
• Elongation: as per ASTM D412.

• Weather Resistance: as per ISO 4892-2.

3. Installation Guidelines

3.1 Sub-frame & Anchor Installation


• Verify wall structure and anchorage points.
• Install primary GMS hollow sections per layout drawings.
• Fix secondary aluminum angles & sub-frame supports.
• Check alignment before panel installation.

3.2 GRC Panel Fixing


• Position panels with a clearance of 15 mm for expansion.
• Use pre-drilled anchor points with ST6.3X70mm LG.S.S.CH.S.T.
• Seal panel joints with UV-resistant silicone sealant.

3.3 Aluminum Composite Panel Installation


• Fix Aluminum Composite Panel sheets to the sub-frame using self-tapping screws.
• Ensure thermal expansion gap of 15 mm.

3.4 Weatherproofing & Quality Control


• Apply silicone sealant at all panel joints.
• Verify fastener torque (per ASTM F606).
• Conduct wind load & impact tests (if required).

4. Tolerances
Component Allowable Deviation
• GRC Panel Alignment ±5 mm
• Structural Frame Positioning ±2 mm per meter
• Fastener Spacing ±1 mm
• Aluminum Composite Panel Joint Gaps ±2 mm

5. Safety & Performance Standards

5.1 Structural Performance


• Wind Load Resistance: ASTM E1300 (site-specific).

5.2 Fire Safety


• GRC Panels: Non-combustible as per EN 13501-1.
• Aluminum Composite Panel Inner Panels: as per ASTM E84.
3. Perforated aluminum plate
1. General
 Type: Decorative perforated aluminum panel with sliding track mechanism.
 Application: External facade element used for aesthetic purposes, sun shading, and
ventilation.

Compliance Standards
 Aluminum Sheet & Plate: ASTM B209.
 Perforation & Sheet Tolerances: EN 485-1.
 Coating & Finishes: AAMA 2605 (High-Performance Powder Coating).
 Structural Performance: ASTM E330 (Wind Load Resistance).
 Corrosion Resistance: ASTM B117 (Salt Spray Test).
 Fire Safety: EN 13501-1 (Non-combustibility for facade materials).

Performance Requirements:
 Wind Load Resistance: Designed to withstand wind pressures per project-specific
calculations.
 Ventilation Efficiency: Perforation allows controlled airflow.
 Thermal Expansion Compensation: Sliding mechanism accommodates thermal
movement.
 Corrosion Resistance: as per ASTM B117.
 Fire Resistance: Non-combustible materials in compliance with local fire codes.

2. Materials and Components

2.1. Perforated Aluminum Panel


 Material: Aluminum alloy.
 Color: to be approved after the sample submission
 Sheet Thickness: 4 mm (±0.2 mm).
 Panel Dimensions: (as per drawing).
 Standard Panel size: 1200 mm x 2400 mm
Perforation Details:
 Perforation Type: Circular.
 Hole Diameter: 7 mm diameter Hole with 5mm spacing.
 Edge Distance From Sheet Edge to First Perforation: 10 mm to maintain structural
integrity.

2.2. Mounting System


 Track Type: Sliding track system integrated with the facade structure.
 Track Material: Extruded aluminum profile.
 Track Width: As per the sliding system requirements 40 mm.
 Fasteners: Stainless steel.

Sliding Mechanism:
• Set of rollers or a track system that supports the sashes

3. Fabrication and Installation Requirements

3.1. Fabrication Tolerances


• Aluminum Sheet Cutting Tolerance: ±0.5 mm.
• Perforation Position Tolerance: ±1 mm.
• Track and Panel Alignment Tolerance: ±1.5 mm.

3.2. Assembly & Structural Considerations


• All perforated aluminum panels shall be factory-cut and pre-drilled for precise alignment
with the facade structure.
• Panel edges shall be sanded to avoid sharp edges.
• Sliding mechanism must be pre-tested to ensure smooth operation before on-site
installation.

3.3. Installation Procedure


 Preparation: Ensure that the facade framework can accommodate the sliding track system.
 Track Installation: Secure the aluminum track system using stainless steel anchors with
equal intervals. Align tracks horizontally using leveling tools.

Panel Mounting:
• Attach perforated aluminum plates to the aluminum window sash using pre-drilled holes
and stainless steel fasteners.
• Ensure uniform spacing between panels to allow smooth sliding motion.

Adjustment & Testing:


• Check alignment, movement, and fastening integrity.
• Apply a small amount of lubricant to sliding tracks for smooth operation.

4. Safety & Maintenance Considerations

4.1. Structural & Safety Considerations


• Load Testing: Panels must withstand wind pressures as per local building codes.
• Thermal Expansion: Expansion joints shall be provided at track ends to allow movement
due to temperature variations.
• Fire Resistance: Non-combustible material classification per EN 13501-1.

4.2. Corrosion & Weather Resistance

• Finish Protection: Powder coating shall have a minimum thickness of 10 microns to prevent
oxidation.

• Drainage System: Sliding track system shall have integrated weep holes to prevent water
accumulation.

4.3. Maintenance Requirements


• Cleaning Schedule: Panels to be cleaned with pH-neutral detergents.

• Track Lubrication: Ball-bearing rollers must be lubricated to prevent noise and friction wear.

Inspection:
• Check for loosened fasteners and tighten if necessary.

• Inspect for any corrosion, particularly at joints and fastening points.

5. Quality Control & Testing

5.1. Factory Testing


• Dimensional Accuracy: Verify sheet thickness, perforation patterns, and hole diameters.

• Coating Thickness & Adhesion Test: Conducted as per ASTM D3359.

5.2. On-Site Testing


• Track Alignment Verification: Ensure sliding mechanism moves freely without obstruction.

• Corrosion Resistance Check: Inspect for signs of premature oxidation or coating defects.

• Structural Integrity Inspection: Panels and fasteners checked for stability under operational
conditions.
4. FABRIC FAÇADE
1. General
The Textile/Fabric Façade system is a lightweight, tensioned cladding solution designed for both
aesthetic and functional performance. It consists of a high-performance architectural fabric
mounted on an aluminum mullion and sub-frame system, secured with stainless steel fasteners.

• Sun shading and ventilation benefits.


• A modern, lightweight façade appearance.
• Resistance to weather, UV exposure, and fire.

2. Materials & Components

2.1 Fabric Cladding System


• Material: 100% PES (Polyester).
• Thickness: 0.4mm – 1.5 mm (to be specified up on sample submission by with
manufacturer catalogue).
• Coating: Water Based. Phthalate–free. PVC-free.
• Color & Transparency: White
• Performance:
• Tensile Strength: 1000/1000N/50mm.
• Tear Strength: 250/250N.
• Fire Resistance: ASTM E84 or EN 13501-1.
• UV Resistance: ISO 4892-2.
• Waterproofing & Dirt Resistance: Water Based coating repels dirt and moisture.
• Wind Load Resistance: Designed per ASTM E1300 based on site-specific loads.

2.2 Supporting Frame & Structural Components

2.2.1 Primary Structural Frame (Aluminum Mullions & Sub-frame)


• Material: Extruded Aluminum Alloy.

Finish:
• Brushed anodized min coating 10µm per ASTM B580 for corrosion resistance.
• Powder-coated (min. 20µm) per ASTM D3359 for aesthetic protection.
Dimensions & Layout:
• Mullions: 75 mm (height) × 180 mm (depth).
• Textile fabric attachment points (pinching) Sub-frame: 75 mm × 43 mm.

Performance:
• Structural Load Capacity: ASTM E330.

• Thermal Expansion: Considered per ASTM E228.

2.2.2 Secondary Support Elements (Aluminum Plates & Angles)


• Aluminum Plates (used for fabric attachment points): 3 mm thick x 40 mm (width).

• Aluminum Angles: Used to connect the horizontal frames to vertical aluminum mullion.

2.3 Fasteners & Fixings

2.3.1 Stainless Steel Fasteners


• Material: Stainless Steel.

• Types & Sizes:

• Self-Tapping Screws:

• ST4.8×22 mm (for secondary frame connections).

• ST4.8×32 mm (for fabric-to-frame attachment).

• Bolts & Nuts: M6×100 mm with flat & spring washers.

• Performance:

• Corrosion Resistance: ASTM F593.

• Shear & Tensile Strength: as Per ISO 898-1.

2.3.2 Fabric Tensioning System


• Tensioning Brackets: Aluminum Plate, integrated into the sub-frame system.

• Pre-Stress Level: to adjust based on wind loads.

3. Installation Guidelines

3.1 Substructure Preparation


• Verify anchorage points and ensure aluminum mullions are properly fixed.

• Check alignment and spacing per approved drawings.

3.2 Fabric Attachment


• Tensioning Process: Attach the fabric to the sub-frame with self-tapping screws and aluminum
plate.
• Ensure uniform tensioning to avoid wrinkles or sagging.
• Edge Sealing: Use silicone sealant matching fabric color.

3.3 Weatherproofing & Drainage


• Sealant: UV-stable silicone-based sealant, matching fabric color.
• Drainage: Integrated drip edges.

3.4 Final Inspection & Quality Control


• Tension & Alignment Checks: ±5 mm fabric panel deviation.
• Fastening Torque Verification: Per ASTM F606.

• Wind Load Testing (if required): ASTM E330.

4. Tolerances
• Fabric Panel Alignment ±5 mm
• Mullion Alignment ±2 mm per meter
• Fastener Spacing ±1 mm

5. Safety & Performance Standards

5.1 Structural Performance


• Wind Load Resistance: ASTM E1300 (site-specific).
• Impact Resistance: ASTM E1996.

5.2 Fire Safety


• Fabric Fire Classification: ASTM E84.
• Aluminum Frame Reaction to Fire: Non-combustible (EN 13501-1: A1).

5.3 Durability & Environmental Performance


• Salt Spray Resistance (for coastal areas): ASTM B117 (minimum 1000 hours).
• Thermal Expansion Considerations: ASTM E228 compliance for aluminum.
5. Skylight
General

The skylight facade system is designed to provide natural lighting while ensuring
structural integrity, water tightness, and thermal insulation. The system comprises
aluminum framing, steel structural supports, glazing components, and silicone
sealants, with a 3% slope to facilitate water drainage.

Compliance Standards:

 ASTM E283: Air leakage control


 ASTM E331: Water penetration resistance for weatherproofing
 EN 12600: Glass retention and impact resistance for safety
 ASCE 7-16: Wind load resistance and structural stability
 EN 673: Thermal performance and insulation requirements

Performance Requirements:

 Wind Load: Designed to site condition wind pressures


 Thermal Insulation: U-value 2.24 W/m².K

 Water Tightness: Resistant to water penetration under ASTM E331 testing


 Acoustic Performance: Reduction of external noise transmission per ISO 140-3
 Fire Resistance: Non-combustible materials in compliance with local fire codes.
 Aluminum Specification: ASTM B209 (Aluminum Sheet & Plate), ASTM B221
(Extruded Aluminum)
 Heat Gain Coefficient: 0.33

2. Materials & Components

2.1 Dimensions & Layout:

 Overall depth: 173 mm


 Structural THK Steel tube sections: 60x60x4 mm and 120x60x4 mm
 Skylight sloped at 3% for water drainage
 Aluminum frame secured to structural steel by ST4.8X25mm hexagon flange
head self-tapping screw.
 Spanning components include hot-dip galvanized embedded parts for stability
 Glass thickness: 6mm+12mm air gap+6mm (double-glazed unit)
 Overall skylight module size: As per the design drawings

2.2 Finish:

 Fluorocarbon Coating (PVDF) applied to steel components for corrosion


resistance
 Aluminum components anodized or powder-coated for durability
 Silicone sealant with weather-resistant properties to prevent leakage

2.3 Supporting Frame & Structural Components:

 Primary structural support: 120x60x4 mm steel tube


 Secondary support: 60x60x4 mm steel tube
 Welded connections for enhanced load transfer and rigidity
 Hot-dip galvanized embedded parts to anchor the steel tube to concrete structures
 Aluminum pressure plates and caps to hold the glass securely

2.4 Glass & Glazing Components:


Glass Type: Laminated tempered glass with PVB interlayer.

Configuration:
6. Outer Layer: 6 mm thick tempered glass.
7. Air Gap: 12 mm.
8. Outer Layer: 6 mm thick tempered glass.
9. Intermediate layer: 1.52 mm PVB interlayer.
10. Inner Layer: 6 mm thick tempered glass.
 Total Glass Assembly Thickness: 6 mm + 12 mm air gap + 6 mm + 1.52 mm
PVB + 6 mm = 31.52 mm.

Glazing Performance
 Heat Gain Coefficient: 0.33
 Visible Light Transmittance: 0.510
 Thermal Insulation: U-value 2.24 W/m².K
 Impact Resistance: as per EN 12600.

Sealing System:
 Silicone sealant (ASTM C1184).
 EPDM glazing gaskets.

2.5 Fasteners & Fixings:

 ST4.8x25mm stainless steel hexagon flange head self-tapping screws


 Bolted and welded connections for primary structural elements
 High-strength anchor bolts for fixing the frame to the concrete base
3. Installation Guidelines

 Ensure accurate alignment of steel tubes before welding


 Verify 3% slope is maintained for efficient water drainage
 Secure aluminum pressure plates with specified fasteners
 Apply structural silicone sealant and backer rod along all glazing joints
 Conduct water tightness and load tests post-installation
 Use proper lifting equipment for glass handling to avoid breakage
 Seal all joints and connections with approved weatherproof sealants

4. Tolerances

 Steel tube dimensional variation: ±0.5 mm


 Alignment deviation: Not exceeding 2 mm per meter
 Fastener positioning: ±1 mm from specified layout
 Glazing compression uniformity: ±2%
 Glass edge clearance tolerance: ±1 mm

5. Quality Control & Testing

5.1. Factory Testing


• Glass Assembly: Strength, optical clarity, and PVB adhesion tests.

• Aluminum Sections: Coating thickness and corrosion resistance tests.

• Sealants & Gaskets: Aging and weathering resistance tests.

5.2. On-Site Testing


• Air Infiltration & Water Penetration: ASTM E283 & ASTM E331 tests.

• Structural Load Testing: ASTM E330 compliance check.


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