NAME:……..……………………………………………………………CLASS:…………………………..

GIANT MOLECULE TUTORIALS

SECOND TERM E-LEARNING NOTES

SUBJECT:PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION

CLASS: JS1 (BASIC 7):

SCHEME OF WORK

WEEK TOPIC

1. Revision of first term’s work.

2. Ball Games : Soccer and Volleyball : (a)Basic skills and techniques in Volleyball (b)
Application of the rules and regulation governing Volleyball (c) officials and their
functions (d) Facilities and equipment (e) Values of volleyball (f) Common injuries on
Volleyball
3. Ball Games : Soccer and Volleyball : (a)Basic skills and techniques in Soccer (b)
Application of the rules and regulation governing Soccer (c) officials and their functions
(d) Facilities and equipment (e) Values of Soccer(f) Common injuries in Soccer
4. Contact and Non- contact Sports :( a) Definition of contact Sports and examples of
contact Sports: - Wrestling, Boxing, Judo etc. (b) Benefits of contact sports (c) Basic skills
of Contact sports (d) Safety measures in contact sports.
5. Contact and Non- contact Sports :( a) Definition of Non-contact Sports and examples of
Non-contact Sports: - Swimming; Gymnastics, etc. (b) Benefits of contact sports (c) Basic
skills of Non-Contact sports
6. Contact and Non- contact Sports:(d) Safety measures in Contact sports. (e)Safety
measures in Non-contact sports.
7. Personal, School and Community Health: (a) Determinants of health (Heredity,
Environment, Life style), (b) Characteristics of a healthy person.
8. Personal, School and Community Health: (c) Meaning of Sewage (d) Methods of sewage
disposal. (e) Meaning of refuse disposal (f) Method of refuse disposal.
9. Personal, School and Community Health: (g) Sources of water supply.
10. Revision
11-13. Examination
WEEK 1

TOPIC: Revision of last term work

CONTENT: This week should be used to revise all the works done in the first term. This revision
should be brief.

WEEK 2
TOPIC: BALL GAMES

Content: (a) Volley ball

(b) History and Development

(c) Basic Skills and Techniques

(d) Rules and Regulations

(e) Officials and their functions

(f) Facilities and equipment (court and dimension)

Volleyball

Volley ball was invented by William Morgan in America in 1895. The International volley ball
Association was formed in 1947. Volley ball became an Olympic game 1964 and was first played at
the Olympic game in Tokyo, Japan.

The Nigeria Volley ball Federation was formed in 1970 with Dr. J.C Omoruwa as its first chairman.It is
a game played between two teams of 6 players each. It can be played by both sexes.

BASIC SKILLS AND TECHINQUES

1. The service (under Arm, Tennis, overhead and windmill service).

2. The Volleying

3. Digging

4. Spiking

5. Blocking

6. Set-up

7. Dink shot.

RULES AND REGULATIONS OF VOLLEYBALL

1. All matches consists of 3 out of 5 games

2. The choice of court or service is decided by a toss of a coin.

3. Teams change courts after every game or set except in the deciding game when terms change
courts at 8 points.

4. The game is started with a service behind the base line.

5. A player is not allowed to play the ball twice, in succession; however a team can play thrice in
succession.

6. A ball is out when there is a double foul.

7. A service is retaken if there is a double foul.

8. A game is won when one team leads by 2 points with 25 points aggregate.

Note: - Any team can score a point whether the team is serving or receiving.

OFFICIAL AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

1. One Referee

2. One Umpire

3. One Scorer

4. Two Linesmen

The Referee

He has authority over players and officials

His decision is final.

He penalizes violations made by players, captains and coaches.

The Umpire

He is the assistant to the referee.

He supervises the rotational order and position of the players

He authorizes substation reputed

He keeps the official time of time – outs.

He notifies the referee of any crossing the centre line.

The Scorer
He keeps the record of the players name and numbers.

He records the scorers.

He notes all time – outs

He supplies the referee with relevant information at all times.

The Linesmen

They are placed by the base line diagonally opposite each other to watch and indicate with their
flags, when the bill is out or in.

Note:- In volley ball game, all line ball is good

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

The Facilities Are: -The court, the net support and the referee’s stand.

The Equipment Are: -The ball, the net, whistle, score board, score sheets, and wear for players.

Court /pitch specification (Dimension)

Court - Rectangular in shape.

Dimension is 18m by 9m.

Height of the net man –2.43m. Woman – 2.24m

Length of front court – 3m.

Length of back court – 6m.

COMMON INJURIES IN VOLLEYBALL

Fracture(wrist, ankle, bones of the fore arm)

Dislocation

Muscle cramp

Strain

Blindness from the hot shot

VALUES OF VOLLEYBALL

The of volleyball include

_ Development of safety skill and habits

_ Physical fitness and strength development

_ For income and competitions

_ Mental Accuracy and coordination

_ For fun and enjoyment.

EVALUATION:-

1. Who invented volley ball game ?

2. What is the dimension of a volley ball court?

3. How many players play the game of volley ball?

4. How many players make a team?

READING ASSIGNMENT

Essential of PHE for junior secondary school book 1 by Akinseye S.E ; Pages. 17 – 46.

WEEK 3

TOPIC: BALL GAME (SOCCER)

Contents: (a) History and Development.

(b) Basic skills and techniques

(c) Rules and regulations

(d) Officials and Regulations

(e) Facilities and equipment

(f) Court / pitch specification (Dimensions).

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCCER

The true origin of soccer is difficult to determine but soccer otherwise known as football could be
linked to the Greeks and Romans. The game was later brought to England by the Romans Soldiers. In
1863, the London Football Association established the first set of rules of the game .The English
called it “Association Football”, while the Americas called it “soccer”.

Modern football was brought to Nigeria Football Associations (N.F.A) was established in 1945.The
body responsible for the rules of the game is F.I.F.A i.e. Federation of International Football
Associations. It was founded in 1904 in Zurich – Switzerland.

Soccer an international game played by 2 teams of 11 players aside. Substitutes of 7-11 players are
allowed depending on the governing body.A player can play the ball with any part of the body
except the hand and arms. However, this does not apply to the goal keeper. It is started with a “kick
off” in the centre circle of a rectangular field having goal –areas, penalty areas, corner areas, and the
goals.

BASIC SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES IN SOCCER

Skills involved in soccer are:.

- Kicking.
- Passing.
- Dribbling
- Throw-in
- Trapping
- Heading
- Tackling.
- Goal-keeping

RULES AND REGULATIONS IN SOCCER

(a)The 10 penal offences are

- Kicking or attempt to kick an opponent

-Tripping an opponent

-Jumping at an opponent

-Charging an opponent dangerously

-Holding an opponent by hand or arm

-Striking or attempt to strike an opponent

-Handing the ball

-Pushing an opponent by hand or arm

-Using offensive, insulting or abusive language

-Tackle an opponent in a dangerous manner

(b) Off-side rule –A player is said to be off-side when he is nearer to his opponents goal line than the
ball unless there are two or more defenders (apart from goal keeper) nearer their own goal line than
him.

(c) Penalty Kick is awarded when any of the 10 penal offences is committed by the defending team
inside the “box eighteen”.

(d) Duration of Game;. Two equal periods of 45 minutes each. The interval at half time is 15
minutes
OFFICIAL AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

-The referee

-Two Assistant referees

-Match Commissioner

-Reserve referee

Referee

1. Takes full control of the game

2. Cautions players and keep a record of the game

3. His decision is final

4. Acts as time keeper and enforces rules and regulation of the game

5. Rejects unsuitable match equipment.

Assistant referee

Signals to the referees

1. When the ball is out of play

2. When there is a corner

3. When side is entitled to the throw-in

4. When a player is off-side

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

A. The field; maximum minimum

Length; 120m 110m

Width; 90m 75

B. The ball

C. Players shoes\Boot, jersey, stockings, short, shin guard.

D. Goal Post-Length 7.32m, Height 2.44m

E. Goal Net
F. Technical Equipment- Whistle, Red and Yellow card

COMMON INJURIES IN SOCCER

Fracture(wrist, ankle, bones of the fore arm)

Dislocation

Muscle cramp

Strain

Bruises

VALUES OF SOCCER

The values of volleyball include

- Development of safety skill and habits

- Physical fitness and strength development
- For income and competitions
- Mental Accuracy and coordination
- For fun and enjoyment.

EVALUATIONS

1. What is another name for soccer?

2. List the eleven players with their full description.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Essentials of PHE for Junior Secondary School, book 1 by Akinseye S.E .PP.47-56.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENTS

Objective Test:

1. The Number 1 player in soccer match is called (a) centre man (b) Goal keeper (c) Outside right.

2. One of these is a skill in soccer (a) digging (b) trapping (c) passing

3. How many player makes a team in soccer (a) 14 (b) 22 (11)

4.Which one is odd? (a) Soccer (b) pole vault (c) volley ball

5. One of these is not a skill in volley ball (a) Trapping (b) Digging (c) volleying

Essay Questions:

1.List the 10 penal offences in soccer game

2. When is a player off-side in soccer game?

WEEK 4

TOPIC: CONTACT AND NON- CONTACT SPORTS

Contents: (i) Definition of contact sports

(ii) Examples of Contact sports

(iii) Benefits of contact Sports

(iv) Basic skills and techniques in Contact Sports

CONTACT SPORTS

Contact Sports are sports that emphasize or require physical contact between players. Some Sports,
such as martial arts are scored based on impacting an opponent, while others include Rugby,
Football which requires tackling of players.

EXAMPLES OF CONTACT SPORTS

 Wrestling
 Judo
 karate
 Boxing
 Football
 Rugby

BENEFITS OF CONTACT SPORTS

 It enhances and promotes stamina

 It is for fun and enjoyment
 It promotes inter-personal-relationship among athletes
 It is used as an entertainment
 It serves as means of livelihood for participants
 It improves speed and promotes physical fitness and flexibility

BASIC SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES IN CONTACT SPORTS

WRESTLING

1. Hold or grips
2. Throws

3. Stance.

4.Attacks.

5. Offensives and defensive

6. Escapes

The following are skills in judo

1. Stance

2. Gripping

3. Movement

4. Falling

Techniques in judo

• Nage – waza (standing and throwing)

• Katama – waza (grapping)

• Atame – waza (striking)

EVALUATION:

1. Describe contact sports.

2. List five examples of contact sports.
3. What are the benefits of contact sports?

ASSIGNMENT

1. Explain why you would prefer contact sports to non- contact sports.
2. List other five contact sports apart from the one given above.

WEEK 5

TOPIC: CONTACT AND NON- CONTACT SPORTS

Contents: (i) Definition of Non-contact sports

(ii) Examples of Non-Contact sports

(iii) Benefits of Non-contact Sports

(iv) Basic skills and techniques in Non-Contact Sports

NON-CONTACT SPORTS

Non-Contact sports are those sports where participants should have no possible means of impact,
such as sprinting, swimming, darts, snookers where players use separate lanes or take turns of play.

EXAMPLE OF NON-CONTACT SPORTS

 Darts
 Snooker
 Chess
 Swimming
 Gymnastics
 Tennis
 Table tennis
 Badminton

BENEFITS OF NON-CONTACT SPORTS

 It brings about critical and constructive thinking

 It relaxes the muscles of the body
 There is greater control over injuries risk
 Help in the development of speed and free movement of the body.
 Participating in non-contact sports, could wipe stress and live a healthy life.
 It exercises all parts of the body
 It is for fun and entertainment

BASIC SKILLS IN NON-CONTACT SPORTS

Swimming Skills Performance (Styles)

- Front crawl

- Breast stroke

- Butterfly

- Back stroke

- Earliest swimming style, dog paddle

- Fastest swimming style, front crawl

- Style that can be performed on land, front crawl

BASIC SKILLS INGYMNASTICS

1. The stance
2. The approach run or run up
3. The take-off
4. The flight or clearance
 5. The landing
6. The recovery

EVALUATION:

1. Describe Non-contact sports.

2. List five examples of Non-contact sports.

3. What are the benefits of Non-contact sports?

ASSIGNMENT

1. Explain why you would prefer Non-contact sports to contact sports.

2. List other five Non-contact sports apart from the one given above.

WEEK 6

TOPIC: CONTACT AND NON-CONTACT SPORTS

Contents: (i) Safety measures in contact sports

(ii) Safety measures in non-contact sports

SAFETY MEASURES IN CONTACT SPORTS

1. The playground must be kept clean that is remove all dangerous materials on the field e.g
stones, broken bottles, pegs, etc.
2. Do not perform or play on a slippery ground
3. Warm-up properly before performingany exercise
4. Apparatus must be arranged and inspected before use.
5. Avoid wearing high heel shoes or too heavy boots.
6. Participants dress/sport wear should be smart and loose enough to allow free movement of
the body.

SAFETY MEASURES IN NON-CONTACT SPORTS

Safety in gymnastics

Accident often occurs during gymnastics. To reduce accident therefore, certain safety precaution
must be taken.

- Have a proper warm up before activities

- Start from simple to complex
- Apparatus must suit the activity.
- Enough landing foam to prevent jars and injuries during vaulting
- Never carry out any activity with instruction
- Check the activity areas and be sure they are free from hazards
 - Wear the correct customer ( sports wears)
- Master the fundamental skills before performing
- Ask questions when in doubts
- Practice skills within your capacity
- Always follow instructions
- Avoid wearing ornament during activities

SAFETY MEASURE IN AQUATIC SPORTS.

- Swimmers should take a shower before swimming to adjust the body to the water
temperature
- Never use the pool where there is no life guard
- Beginners should start from the shallow end of the pool
- Learners should obey and follow instructions
- There should be no running around to avoid slip and fall
- Avoid the use of ornaments such as neck lace
- No rough play such as pushing people into water
- There should be proper warm up to stimulate the body for vigorous actions in the water.

EVALUATION:

1. Mention five safety measures in contact sports.

2. Give two safety measures in each of the following Non-contact sports:-
(i) Snooker
(ii) Darts
(iii) Swimming
(iv) Gymnastics

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Look out for more contact and non-contact sport.

2. State the basic skills in (1) answers.

WEEK 7

TOPIC: PERSONAL, SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY HEALTH

Contents: (a) Determinants of health

(b) Characteristics of a healthy person

HEALTH

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being of an individual and not merely
the absence of diseases or infirmities. Health may be regarded as a balance of physical, mental and
social aspect of life in a human being.

ASPECT OF HEALTH
 Physical health

Mental Health

DETERMINANT OF HEALTH

There are four general determinants of health

Hereditary

Environment

Life style

Health care services

CHARACTERISTICS OF A HEALTHY PERSON

Ability to work without easily fatigued

Ability to comprehend mental fatigue

Resistance to infection

CHARACTERISTIC OF A PHYSICALLY FIT PERSON

Freedom from diseases

Norma system and body function

Health of mind and emotion

Freedom from correctable physical defect

EVALUATION

What is health?

List two aspects of health

What are the determinants of health?

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Read essential of physical and Health Education by Akinseye Saint Evazmns pgs. 73 and 74.

WEEK 8

Topic: SEWAGE AND REFUSAL DISPOSAL

Content: (a) Meaning of sewage and refuse.

 (b) Methods of sewage disposal.
(c) Methods of refuse disposal.

MEANING OF SEWAGE AND REFUSE

Refuse refers to all solid wastes such as pieces of paper leaves, garbage, ashes and dead animals
while sewage refers to liquid wastes such as urine, kitchen wastes of water from laundry.

Methods of Sewage Disposal

1. Open dump.

2. Water system

3. VIP latrine,

4. Bucket latrine

5. Pit hot latrine

Methods of Refuse Disposal

Open dump

Advantage: It is cheap to water system

Composting

Advantage: Decomposed materials (without toxic materials) may serve as fertilizers

Disadvantage: – Turning may be laborious and odour offensive

Incineration

There are modern and local ones and are of different types principally

Advantage: Local technology can be used

Disadvantages: If not properly managed surrounding air may be polluted

Sanitary land fills

An excavated or land depression area is needed wherein refuse gabage are thrown and covered up
with solid or dust.

Advantage: Help to reclaim waste land

Does not require high technology

It is not expensive

Disadvantage: Land to be used may be difficult to come by

EVALUATION:

1. Differentiate sewage disposal from refuse disposal.

2. What are the methods of sewage disposal?

3. Why do you think open dump should not be recommended as a method of refuse disposal?

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Find out some refuse disposal in your schools premises

WEEK 9

TOPIC: WATER SUPPLY

Contents: (a) Sources Of Water Supply

(b) Qualities of good water supply.

WATER

Chemically a molecule of water is composed of two hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom held
together by covalent bounds. Water is precious to man’s existence as it is needed in agriculture,
sports, industry domestic affair. Water may be hard or soft. Hard water is not good economically as
more soap is needed to form lather. When water is free from minerals salt such water is called soft
water as it dissolves soap quickly.

SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY

The two major sources of water to man are:

- Surface water supplies

- Ground water supplies

Surface water supply are abundant easy accessible. They are however prone to pollution from
human transport, industrial, agricultural and domestic waste.

Source of surface water supply includes the following:

1. Rain water
2. River water
3. Lakes, ponds and streams

Source of ground water supply includes the following:

 1. Shallow well
2. Deep well.
3. Bore Hole

Qualities of Good Water Supply

1. It must be odourless
2. It must be tasteless
3. It must be colourless
4. It must be free from pathogens
5. It must contain acceptable mineral composition

Uses of Water

 Drinking
- Bathing for healthy living
- Cooking and brewing of soft drinks and beverages.
- Washing of clothes
 Cleaning of domestic/Industrial equipment
 Flushing of toilets and cleaning of sewages.
 Means of transportation in rivers, lakes and seas.
 Cooling of Industrial machines
 Irrigation of farms
 Used for transporting activities. E.g. swimming, water pools etc.

ASSIGNMENT

1. List five sources of water supply

2. List three qualities of good water

3. What are the uses of water?

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Read Essentials of Physical and Health Education Bk 1 pg 77 – 78

WEEK 10. Revision

WEEK 11-13. Examination