RED ROSE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

SUBJECT- PHYSICS (042)

UNIT- OPTICS
Sno. Question Ma Year
rks
1. (a) If one of two identical slits producing interference in Young’s 3 2018
experiment is covered with glass, so that the light intensity passing 55/3
through it is reduced to 50%, find the ratio of the maximum and
minimum intensity of the fringe in the interference pattern.
(b) What kind of fringes do you expect to observe if white light is
used instead of monochromatic light?
2. (a) Show using a proper diagram how unpolarised light can be 3 2018
linearlypolarised by reflection from a transparent glass surface. 55/3
(b) The figure shows a ray of light falling normally on the face AB of
an equilateral glass prism having refractive index 2/3, placed in water
of refractive index 3/4. Will this ray suffer total internal reflection on
striking the face AC? Justify your answer.

3. A symmetric biconvex lens of radius of curvature R and made of 3 2018

glass of refractive index 1·5, is placed on a layer of liquid placed on 55/3
top of a plane mirror as shown in the figure. An optical needle with
its tip on the principal axis of the lens is moved along the axis until
its real, inverted image coincides with the needle itself. The distance
of the needle from the lens is measured to be x. On removing the
liquid layer and repeating the experiment, the distance is found to be
y. Obtain the expression for the refractive index of the liquid in terms
of x and y.

4. (a) Draw a ray diagram to show image formation when the concave 5 2018
mirror produces a real, inverted and magnified image of the object. 55/3
(b) Obtain the mirror formula and write the expression for the linear
magnification.
(c) Explain two advantages of a reflecting telescope over a refracting
telescope.
OR
 (a) Define a wavefront. Using Huygens’ principle, verify the laws of
reflection at a plane surface.
(b) In a single slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit is made
double the original width. How does this affect the size and intensity
of the central diffraction band? Explain.
(c) When a tiny circular obstacle is placed in the path of light from a
distant source, a bright spot is seen at the centre of the obstacle.
Explain why.
5. Draw the ray diagram of an astronomical telescope showing image 2 2019
formation in the normal adjustment position. Write the expression for 55/2/
its magnifying power. 1
OR
Draw a labelled ray diagram to show image formation by a
compound microscope and write the expression for its resolving
power.
6. Under which conditions can a rainbow be observed? Distinguish 2 2019
between a primary and a secondary rainbow. 55/2/
1
7. Explain the following : 2 2019
(a) Sky appears blue. 55/2/
(b) The Sun appears reddish at (i) sunset, (ii) sunrise. 1
8. A triangular prism of refracting angle 60 is made of a transparent 3 2019
material of refractive index 2 / √ 3. A ray of light is incident normally 55/2/
on the face KL as shown in the figure. Trace the path of the ray as it 1
passes through the prism and calculate the angle of emergence and
angle of deviation. (3)

9. Explain, with the help of a diagram, how plane polarized light can be 1 2019
produced by scattering of light from the Sun. Two polaroids P1 and 55/2/
P2 are placed with their pass axes perpendicular to each other. 1
Unpolarised light of intensity I is incident on P1. A third polaroid P3
is kept between P1 and P2 such that its pass axis makes an angle of
45 with that of P1. Calculate the intensity of light transmitted
through P1, P2 and P3.
OR
(a) Why cannot the phenomenon of interference be observed by
illuminating two pin holes with two sodium lamps?
(b) Two monochromatic waves having displacements y1 = a cost
and y2 = a cos (t +) from two coherent sources interfere to produce
 an interference pattern. Derive the expression for the resultant
intensity and obtain the conditions for constructive and destructive
interference.
(c) Two wavelengths of sodium light of 590 nm and 596 nm are used
in turn to study the diffraction taking place at a single slit of aperture
2  10-6 m. If the distance between the slit and the screen is 1·5 m,
calculate the separation between the positions of the second maxima
of diffraction pattern obtained in the two cases.
10. In Young’s double slit experiment, the path difference between two 1 2020
interfering waves at a point on the screen is 5/2,  being wavelength 55/2/
of the light used. The ___________ dark fringe will lie at this point. 1
OR
If one of the slits in Young’s double slit experiment is fully closed,
the new pattern has __________ central maximum in angular size.
11. For a higher resolving power of a compound microscope, the 5 2020
wavelength of light used should be ___________. 55/2/
1
12. Unpolarised light passes from a rarer into a denser medium. If the 1 2020
reflected and the refracted rays are mutually perpendicular, the 55/2/
reflected light is linearly polarised ___________ to the plane of 1
incidence.
13. Out of red, blue and yellow lights, the scattering of ___________ 1 2020
light is maximum. 55/2/
1
14. An object is kept 20 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius of 2 2020
curvature 60 cm. Find the nature and position of the image formed. 55/2/
1
15. What is the difference in the construction of an astronomical 3 2020
telescope and a compound microscope? The focal lengths of the 55/2/
objective and eyepiece of a compound microscope are 1·25 cm and 1
5·0 cm, respectively. Find the position of the object relative to the
objective in order to obtain an angular magnification of 30 when the
final image is formed at the near point.
16. (a) Derive lens maker’s formula for a biconvex lens. (b) A point 3 2020
object is placed at a distance of 12 cm on the principal axis of a 55/2/
convex lens of focal length 10 cm. A convex mirror is placed 1
coaxially on the other side of the lens at a distance of 10 cm. If the
final image coincides with the object, sketch the ray diagram and find
the focal length of the convex mirror.
OR
(a) What is a wavefront? How does it propagate? Using Huygens’
principle, explain reflection of a plane wavefront from a surface and
 verify the laws of reflection.
(b) A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a narrow
slit and the resulting diffraction pattern is obtained on a screen 1 m
away. If the first minimum is formed at a distance of 2·5 mm from
the centre of the screen, find the (i) width of the slit, and (ii) distance
of first secondary maximum from the centre of the screen.
17 a) The interference pattern is not observed in Young's double slit 3 2022
experiment when the two sources S1 and S₂ are far apart. Explain. 55/4/
(b) Mention the conditions for the two sources to be coherent. 2
(c) What is the effect on the interference pattern in a Young's double Set2
slit experiment, if the source of wavelength A is replaced by another
source of wavelength 1.5 λ, with the interference pattern still
observable?
18 a)(i)Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the formation of the image 3 2022
at infinity by an astronomical telescope. 55/4/
(ii) A telescope consists of an objective of focal length 150 cm and 2
an eyepiece of focal length 6.0 cm. If the final image is formed at
infinity, then calculate:
(1) the length of the tube in this adjustment, and
(II) the magnification produced.
OR
(b)(i)Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the formation of the
image at least distance of distinct vision by a compound microscope.
(ii) A small object is placed at a distance of 3.0 cm from a magnifier
of focal length 4.0 cm. Find:
(I) the position of the image formed, and
(II) the linear magnification produced.
19 and verify Snell's law. The figure shows a water column BCFE 3 2022
surrounded by two media 1 and 3 of the same refractive index √2. A 55/4/
ray of light from a point source S is incident on surface BE at an 2
angle of 30°.

20 A plane wavefront is propagating from a rarer into a denser medium. 3 2022

Use Huygens principle to show the refracted wavefront and verify 55/4/
Snell's law. 2
21 Case base 4 2022
Two transparent media of refractive indices n, and n₂ are separated 55/4/
by a spherical transparent surface. The rays of light incident on the 2
surface get refracted into the medium on the other side. The laws of
refraction are valid at each point of the spherical surface. A lens is a
transparent optical medium bounded by two surfaces, at least one of
which should be spherical. The focal length of a lens is determined
by the radii of curvature (R1 and R2) of its two surfaces and the
refractive index (n) of the medium of the lens with respect to the
surrounding medium. Depending on R1 and R2, a lens behaves as a
diverging or a converging lens. The ability of a lens to diverge or
converge a beam of light incident on it defines its power.
(a) An object is placed at the point B as shown in the figure. The
object distance (u) and the image distance (v) are related as

b) A point object is placed in air at a distance 'R' in front of a convex

spherical refracting surface of radius of curvature R. If the medium
on the other side of the surface is glass, then the image is:
real and formed in glass.
(ii) real and formed in air.
(iii) virtual and formed in glass.
(iv) virtual and formed in air.
(c) An object is kept at 2F in front of an equiconvex lens. The image
formed is:
(i) real and of the size of the object.
(ii) virtual and of the size of the object.
(iii) real and enlarged.
(iv) virtual and diminished
(d)power of the combination is:

A thin converging lens of focal length 10 cm and a thin diverging

lens of focal length 20 cm are placed coaxially in contact. The
(i)- 5 D (ii)+15 D
(iii)+15 (iv) - 15 D
(e)An equiconcave lens of focal length 'T' is cut into two identical
parta along the dotted line as shown in the figure. The focal length of
each part will be:
22 A ray of light of wavelength 600 nm propagates from air into a 1 2023-
medium. If its wavelength in the medium becomes 400 nm, the 55/2/
refractive index of the medium is 2
(a) 1.4 (b) 1.5 Set 2
(c) 1.6 (d) 1.8
23 Assertion (A): In Young's double slit experiment all fringes are of 1 2023-
equal width. 55/2/
Reason (R): The fringe width depends upon wavelength of light (X) 2
used, distance of screen from plane of slits (D) and slits separation Set 2
(d)
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is
NOT the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false.
24 A ray of light is incident on a glass prism of refractive index µ and 1 2023-
refracting angle A. If it just suffers total internal reflection at the 55/2/
other face, obtain a relation between the angle of incidence, angle of 2
prism and critical angle Set 2
25 a) (i) State Huygen's principle. With the help of a diagram, show how 5 2023-
a plane wave is reflected from a surface. Hence verify the law of 55/2/
reflection. 2
Set 2
(ii) A concave mirror of focal length 12 cm forms a three times 55/2/
magnified virtual image of an object. Find the distance of the object 1
from the mirror Set 1
55/2/
3
Set 3
26 Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the image formation by a 5 2023-
refracting telescope. Define its magnifying power. Write two 55/2/
 limitations of a refracting telescope over a reflecting telescope. 2
Set 2
(ii) The focal lengths of the objective and the eye-piece of a 55/2/
compound microscope are 1.0 cm and 2.5 cm respectively. Find the 1
tube length of the microscope for obtaining a magnification of 300. Set 1
55/2/
3
Set 3
27 A ray of monochromatic light propagating in air, is incident on the 1 2023-
surface of water. Which of the following will be the same for the 55/2/
reflected and 2
refracted rays? Set 2
a)energy carried (b) Speed
c)frequenct (d) Wavelength
28 A beam of light travels from air into a medium. Its speed and 1 2023-
8
wavelength in the medium are 1.5 × 10 ms and 230 nm respectively. 55/2/
The 2
(a) 230 nm (b) 345 nm (c)460 nm (d) 690 nm Set 2

29 In the given figure the radius of curvature of curved face in the 2 2023-
plano- convex and the plano-concave lens is 15 cm each. The 55/2/
refractive index of the material of the lenses is 1.5. Find the final 2
position of the image formed. Set 2

30 What happens to the interference pattern when two coherent sources 3 2023-
are (a) infinitely close, and 55/2/
(b) far apart from each other 2
Set 2
31 A ray of light travels a distance of 12.0 m in a transparent sheet in 60 1 2023
ns. The refractive index of the sheet is 55/2/
(a) 1.33 (b) 1.50 3
(c) 1.65 (d) 1.75 Set 3
32 Assertion (A): Work done in moving a charge around a closed path, 1 2023
in an electric field is always zero. 55/2/
Reason (R): Electrostatic force is a conservative force. 3
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the Set 3
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is
NOT the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
 (c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false.
33 What happens to the interference pattern when two coherent sources 2 2023
are wove optic 55/2/
(a) infinitely close, and 3
(b) far apart from each other Set 3
34 A ray of light is refracted by a glass prism. Obtain an expression for 3 2023
the refractive index of the glass in terms of the angle of prism A and 55/2/
the angle of minimum deviation ᵟm. 3
Set 3
1 In a double-slit experiment, 6th dark fringe is observed at a certain 2 2025
point of the screen. A transparent sheet of thickness t and refractive 55/2/
index n is now introduced in the path of one of the two interfering 1
waves to increase its phase by 2n (n - 1) τ/λ. The pattern is shifted
and 8th bright fringe is observed at the same point. Find the relation
for thickness t in terms of n and λ.
2 Two concave lenses A and B, ench of focal length 8.0 cm are 2 2025
arranged coaxially 16 cm apart as shown in figure. An object P is 55/2/
placed at a distance of 4.0 cm from A. Find the position and nature of 1
the final image formed.

3 (a) (i) A thin pencil of length (f/4) is placed coinciding with the 5 2025
principal axis of a mirror of focal length f. The image of the pencil is 55/2/
real and enlarged, just touches the pencil. Calculate the magnification 3
produced by the mirror.
(ii) A ray of light is incident on a refracting face AB of a prism ABC
at an angle of 45°. The ray emerges from face AC and the angle of
deviation is 15°. The angle of prism is 30°. Show that the emergent
ray is normal to the face AC from which it emerges out. Find the
refraction index of the material of the prism. OR
(b) (i) Light consisting of two wavelengths 600 nm and 480 nm is
used to obtain interference fringes in a double slit experiment. The
screen is placed 1.0 m away from slits which are 1.0 nm apart.
(1) Calculate the distance of the third bright fringe on the screen from
the central maximum for wavelength 600 nm.
(2) Find the least distance from the central maximum where the
bright fringes due to both the wavelengths coincide.
ii) (1) Draw the variation of intensity with angle of diffraction in
single slit diffraction pattern. Write the expression for value of angle
corresponding to zero intensity locations.
(2) In what way diffraction of light waves differs from diffraction of
sound waves?
4 Show the refraction of light wave at a plane interface using Huygens' 2 55/2/
principle and prove Snell's law. 3
5 Two convex lenses A and B, each of focal length 10.0 cm, are 2 55/2/
mounted on an optical bench at 50.0 cm and 70.0 cm respectively. An 3
object is mounted at 20.0 cm. Find the nature and position of the final
image formed by the combination.
6 Show the refraction of light wave at a plane interface using Huygens' 2 55/2/
principle and prove Snell's law 3
7 Two convex lenses A and B, each of focal length 10.0 cm, are 2 55/2/
mounted on an optical bench at 50.0 cm and 70.0 cm respectively. An 3
object is mounted at 20.0 cm. Find the nature and position of the final
image formed by the combination.