Section A: Attempt all questions.
(55 marks)
1) Which of the following forms a pair of homoeothermic (warm blooded) animals?
(1 mark)
a) Mammals and birds.
b) Amphibians and fish.
c) Reptiles and mammals.
d) Amphibians and reptiles.
2) Which one of the following describes osmosis? (1 mark)
a) Movement of sugar molecules.
b) Movement of water molecules.
c) Movement of sugar and salt molecules.
d) Evaporation of water.
3) Glucose is known as a reducing sugar because: (1 mark)
a) It is a monosaccharide sugar.
b) It is a hexose sugar.
c) It reduces copper (II) sulphate to copper (I) oxide.
d) It is a disaccharide.
4) Enzymes are ……………. in nature. (1 mark)
a) Starch.
b) Protein.
c) Carbohydrate.
d) Lipid.
5) In which part of the respiratory system, gaseous exchange takes place? (1 mark)
a) Alveoli.
b) Pharynx.
c) Larynx.
d) Trachea.
6) Amylase is a digestive enzyme found in the saliva. Which of the following food substances
does it breakdown? (1 mark)
a) Glucose.
b) Starch.
c) Protein.
d) Carbohydrate.
7) Which one of the following form a pair of decomposers? (1 mark)
a) Mucor and amoeba.
b) Protozoa and bacteria.
c) Bacteria and fungi.
d) Tape worm and earthworm.
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8) A food sample was tested by boiling it in Benedict’s solution. It gave an orange
precipitate. This showed that the food sample contained: (1 mark)
a) Reducing sugars.
b) Fats.
c) Proteins.
d) Sucrose.
9) Which of the following substances is the most abundant compound in a living cell?
(1 mark)
a) Fats.
b) Water.
c) Proteins.
d) Carbohydrates.
10) Why is breast milk a form of immunity for a baby? (1 mark)
a) Because it has proteins.
b) Because it has vitamins.
c) Because it has antibodies.
d) Because it has carbohydrates.
11) Match each food substance listed with the food nutrient it is rich in. (6 marks)
Food substance Chemical nutrient
(a) Cassava (i) Proteins
(b) Lean meat (ii) Vitamins
(c) Sugar canes (iii)Starch
(d) Cabbage (iv)Lipids
(e) Bones (v) Sucrose
(f) Butter (vi)Calcium
12) Write true or false on each statement. (5 marks)
a) Active transport occurs against a concentration gradient.
b) Active transport does not need energy.
c) During active transport, materials move from high concentration to low
concentration.
d) Active transport involves protein carriers.
e) Energy used during active transport is produced in the mitochondria.
13) Copy and complete using the words below: Concentration, active transport,
osmosis, against, mitochondria, diffusion, energy, respiration. (4 marks)
……(a)…… and ………(b)……… depend on a ……(c)……...gradient in the right direction
to work. Substances are moved ………(d)…………. a gradient by ………(e)………. which
uses …(f)……...produced by ……………(g)………...this process involving the release of
energy in a cell is called ……(h)……….
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14) Complete the following table with the corresponding type of contraceptive method:
hormonal or non-hormonal or barrier. (5 marks)
Method Type
Spermicide
Condom
Implant
IUD
Pills
15) For each of the named infections in the table below. Name the causative agent and
prevention measures. (6 marks)
Name of the disease Causative agent Preventive measure
Gonorrhoea
Syphilis
Chlamydia
16) Marine animals such as reptiles and birds live in extreme salt concentrations hence
drink water with a lot of salt. How do they survive in such conditions? (2 marks)
17) Read the following passage and answer to the questions:
John and Jelly are good friends! They have the same lifestyles, but John does not like
sport at all! Jelly goes for every morning marathon of at least 30 minutes a day, they
share the same breakfast and go to work by car. John is always complaining of having
a problem with his knees!
a) Why? (1 mark)
b) What advice can you give to him? (1 mark)
18) What is the simplest thing you can do to protect yourself from infectious diseases?
(2 marks)
19) Explain the key and lock mechanism in antibody-antigen reaction? (3 marks)
20) What would happen if osmosis was not available in plants? (3 marks)
21) Normally, our internal body temperature is kept constant at around 37ºc.what could
happen in your body if internal body temperatures increase above 40ºc? (3 marks)
22) Explain the role of vascular bundles in plants. (2 marks)
23) Differentiate between a source and a sink and give one example for each. (2 marks)
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Section B: Attempt any three questions. (30 marks)
24) A group of senior two students discovered an unknown animal in their study trip with
the following features: skin covered with scales, homodont dentition (uniform teeth),
2 pairs of limbs, no external earlap and use lungs for gaseous exchange.
a) To which phylum could students classify the above animal? (1 mark)
b) To which class does it belong? Give a reason to support your answer. (2 marks)
c) Do you think the above animal has mammary glands? Why? (3 marks)
d) Suggest other four classes that belong to the same phylum with the discovered
animal. (4 marks)
25) a) “Without photosynthesis life on earth can stop”. Do you agree or disagree? Give
reasons. (7 marks)
b) Photosynthesis occurs in leaves more than in roots and stem. Defend this.
(3 marks)
26) The figure below represents a feeding relationship in a terrestrial ecosystem.
a) What name is given to the above diagram? (2 marks)
b) What do the arrows on the diagram mean? (1 mark)
c) Green plants are producers. What does this mean? (2 marks)
d) Name two primary consumers from the above diagram. (2 marks)
e) Name any two carnivores from the above diagram. (2 mark)
f) To which trophic level does the hedgehog belong? (1 mark)
27) Using a table differentiate inhalation and exhalation phases of gaseous exchange in
humans. (10 marks)
28) Invertebrates are both useful and harmful to humans. Justify. (10 marks)
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Section C: Attempt any one question. (15 marks)
29) An experiment was carried out to find out if carbon dioxide is necessary for photosynthesis.
Two plants of the same species were de-starched. The plants were then placed in sealed
glass containers for 24 hours as shown in figures below and exposed to sunlight. Sodium
hydroxide pellets were placed in glass container of plant A while glass beads were placed
in the glass container of plant B. After 24 hours, starch test was carried out on plants A
and B.
a) Explain why the plants were de-starched before beginning the experiment. (1 mark)
b) Why is chlorophyll removed from the leaves before carrying out a starch test?
(2 marks)
c) What is the role of sodium hydroxide in the experiment? (2 marks)
d) State the expected results of the starch test. (2 marks)
e) Account for the results stated in (d). (2 marks)
f) Why was plant B included in the experiment? (2 marks)
g) What role is played by magnesium and nitrate ions in plants? (4 marks)
30) The table below shows tests for proteins using Biurets test on different food
samples. Analyse the table and complete the observation and deduction. (15
marks)
Procedure Observation
Deduction Milk+ 1cm3 of
1% copper sulphate
solution + sodium hydroxide.
Lemon juice+1cm3 of 1% copper
sulphate solution + sodium
hydroxide.
Egg albumen + 1cm3 of 1%
copper sulphate solution + sodium
hydroxide. Suspension of maize
+1cm3 of 1% copper sulphate
solution + sodium hydroxide. Sugar
cane juice +1cm3 of 1% copper
sulphate solution + sodium
hydroxide.
-END-
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