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AEROSPACE AMS2770™ REV. R

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION Issued 1974-06

Revised 2020-08

Superseding AMS2770P

Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Parts

RATIONALE

AMS2770R adds back alloy 2004, revises Temperature Uniformity Test Recovery Requirements, Calibration of
Refractometers, Method B, and Parts and Aging of 2219 (Table 7).

NOTICE

ORDERING INFORMATION: The following information shall be provided to the heat-treating processor by the purchaser.
Purchase order and/or purchaser supplied documents shall specify not less than the following:

• AMS2770R

• Quantity of parts

• Part number or part identity

• Material (alloy) designation of parts, including mill heat/lot number

• Heat treating operations required, including:

○ Heat treat condition, as delivered

○ Final heat treatment condition required

• Processing variables not defined in or different from AMS2770 requirements, such as:

○ Processing temperatures, times, and other parameters

○ Part type

○ Allowance for straightening

○ Post straightening thermal operations requirements

○ Any pre-cleaning and post-cleaning requirements

○ Post heat treatment corrosion protection requirements

○ Any restriction to options allowed within this specification (e.g., salt bath only, polymer quenchant only)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely
voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”
SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and
suggestions.
Copyright © 2020 SAE International
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.
TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)
Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
For more information on this standard, visit
Fax: 724-776-0790 https://www.sae.org/standards/content/AMS2770R
Email: [email protected]
SAE WEB ADDRESS: http://www.sae.org
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1. SCOPE

1.1 Purpose

This specification specifies the engineering requirements for heat treatment, by part fabricators (users) or their vendors or
subcontractors, of parts (see 8.6.1). It also covers heat treatment by warehouses or distributors converting raw material
from one temper to another temper (see 1.3 and 8.5). It covers the following aluminum alloys:

1100, 2004, 2014, 2017, 2024, 2098, 2117, 2124, 2195, 2219, 2224, 3003, 5052, 6013, 6061, 6063, 6066, 6951, 7049,
7050, 7075, 7149, 7178, 7249, and 7475.

1.1.1 This specification may be used for heat treatment of parts made from other alloys provided the temperatures,
temperature uniformity tolerances, times, and quenchants are specified or approved by the cognizant engineering
organization (see 8.6.7).

1.2 Castings and parts made from castings shall be heat treated in accordance with AMS2771.

1.3 Temper Conversion

When a warehouse, distributor, or similar organization converts raw material to a different temper, it shall be heat treated
and tested to the requirements of this specification. The marking, testing, and reporting requirements shall also be in
accordance with AMS2772 and the raw material specification.

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the
extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is
specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last
published issue of that document shall apply.

2.1 SAE Publications

Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA
and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.

AMS2658 Hardness and Conductivity Inspection of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Parts

AMS2750 Pyrometry

AMS2771 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings

AMS2772 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Raw Materials

AMS3025 Polyalkalene Glycol Heat Treat Quenchant

ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specification

ARP1962 Training and Approval of Heat-Treating Personnel

2.2 ASTM Publications

Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.

ASTM D445 Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
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2.3 ANSI Accredited Publications

Copies of these documents are available online at http://webstore.ansi.org/.

ANSI H35.1/H35.1M Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum

3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Equipment

3.1.1 Pyrometry

Shall be in accordance with AMS2750. Furnaces shall have a minimum of Type D instrumentation.

3.1.1.1 Solution heat treating and O1 (formerly T411) temper furnaces shall be a minimum of Class 2.

3.1.1.2 AMS2750 furnace classifications for aging shall be as follows:

3.1.1.2.1 Aging ovens operating at or below 300 °F (149 °C) shall be a minimum of Class 2.

3.1.1.2.2 For alloys 7049, 7149, 7249, and 7050, aging ovens or aging furnaces operating above 300 °F shall be a
minimum of Class 1.

3.1.1.2.3 For aging all other alloys, all ovens or furnaces operating above 300 °F (149 °C) shall be a minimum of Class 2.

3.1.1.3 Annealing and stress relieving furnaces shall be a minimum of Class 5.

3.1.2 Furnaces

3.1.2.1 Heating Media

Shall be air, molten salt bath, oil bath, or fluidized bed. The products of combustion and other materials that could
contaminate parts shall not come into contact with parts during solution heat treating, annealing or stress relieving. Electrical
heating elements and radiant tubes shall be shielded to prevent parts from being exposed to direct radiation. Shield
construction and placement shall be such as to prevent parts from being exposed to re-radiation of heat from electrical
elements or radiant tubes. Composition and maintenance of salt baths and fluidized beds shall be such as to prevent attack
of the parts.

3.1.2.2 Temperature Uniformity Test Recovery Requirements (see 8.6.9)

For all solution heat treat and aging furnaces, the lag time between recovery of the first test thermocouple and the last test
thermocouple to within 10 °F (6 °C) or 5 °F (3 °C), as applicable, of the set temperature during furnace uniformity tests shall
not exceed the following:

3.1.2.2.1 Furnaces Tested without a Load

20 minutes.

3.1.2.2.2 Furnaces Tested with a Load

40 minutes.

3.1.2.3 Furnaces Used for Alclad Material

Heat input of furnaces used for solution heat treating of parts made from Alclad product shall be sufficient to ensure
conformance to 3.3.4.
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3.1.3 Racks and Fixtures

Shall be constructed so as to preclude entrapment of water, molten salt and/or water/polymer solutions and shall not be
made of materials that will interact with or diffuse into the aluminum materials at the heat treating temperature.

3.1.4 Quenching Equipment

3.1.4.1 Equipment shall be provided for quenching in water, and/or water/polymer solutions, and for measuring
quenchant temperature. Provisions shall be made for mechanical or hydraulic agitation of the quenching medium
and/or agitation of the parts and for heating and cooling of the quenchant, as necessary to conform to 3.4.2 and
3.4.3. Air agitation shall not be used.

3.1.4.2 Quench tanks shall be located in proximity to solution heat treating furnaces so that the quench delay
requirements of Table 5 can be met.

3.1.4.3 The quenchant volume shall be sufficient to prevent the quench tank temperature from rising more than permitted
in 3.4.3 during quenching with a maximum load.

3.1.5 Refrigeration Equipment

Refrigerators, dry ice boxes, or liquid baths, combinations or alternative methods approved by the cognizant engineering
organization shall be provided for cold storage of parts when retention of the as-quenched (AQ) temper is required.
Instrumentation for refrigerators, dry ice boxes, and liquid baths shall be in accordance with AMS2750.

3.2 General Procedures

3.2.1 Parts requiring a heat treatment to produce a final “T” temper shall be solution heat treated (including quenching),
refrigerated when necessary, and aged when required, as specified herein (see 8.6.1). Heat treatment shall be
performed only on entire parts, never on a portion or section of a part.

3.2.2 Cleaning

Prior to solution heat treating or annealing, parts shall be clean and visually free of contaminants such as dirt, metal residues,
lubricants, and solvent residues. Residue from heating and quenching media shall be removed from parts after any heat
treatment step.

3.2.3 Racking and Spacing

3.2.3.1 Parts, except rivets and other small parts (see 3.2.3.2), shall be racked or supported to permit free access of the
heating and quenching media to all surfaces of parts in all portions of the load.

3.2.3.1.1 Solution Heat Treating

Parts, 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) and under in nominal thickness, shall be separated by not less than 1 inch (25 mm). Thicker
parts shall be separated by at least 1 inch (25 mm) plus the part thickness. (Complex parts and parts of large plan form (see
8.8.12) may require greater separation.)

3.2.3.1.2 Aging, Annealing, and Stress Relieving

Parts shall be separated by not less than 1 inch (25 mm), except thin parts may be nested, provided thickness of nested
stacks does not exceed 1 inch (25 mm) and stacks are at least 1 inch (25 mm) apart.

3.2.3.2 Rivets and Other Small Parts

May be heated and soaked in baskets or in continuous furnaces. Arrangement in baskets may be either orderly or random.
Parts may touch but shall not be nested in a manner that prevents free access of the quench media to most surfaces.
Maximum thickness of layers of rivets or parts in baskets or on a moving belt, and minimum space between layers, shall be
2 inches (51 mm).
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3.2.4 Salt Entrapment

Parts that can entrap salt shall be racked so as to preclude salt entrapment as much as practicable.

3.2.5 Soaking

3.2.5.1 Start of Soaking Time

Soaking time starts when all temperature control, recording, and monitoring sensors reach the minimum of the uniformity
tolerance range specified in 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.2, or 3.1.1.3, as applicable. Load sensors should not be used to determine start
of soaking time (see 8.3).

3.2.5.1.1 Start of Soaking Time for Rivets and Other Small Parts in Baskets or on Moving Belts

For such parts, the start of soaking time may be experimentally established by testing like material of the same nominal
thickness using a load sensor to establish the heating time required for the parts to reach the minimum of the uniformity
tolerance range specified in 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.2, or 3.1.1.3, as applicable.

3.2.5.2 Soaking Times

The minimum soaking time for solution heat treating shall conform to Table 3 based on the thickness (minimum dimension
of the heaviest section) at the time of heat treatment (see 8.4). The minimum soaking times for the second step of 7475
solution heat treatment are 15 minutes for Alclad and 60 minutes for bare product. For all Alclad products, the maximum
soaking time is 10 minutes longer than the minimum.

3.2.5.2.1 Soaking Time for Rivets and Other Small Parts in Baskets or on Moving Belts

The minimum soaking time shall either conform to Table 3 based on the full depth of the parts in the basket or belt or, when
start of soak has been determined in accordance with 3.2.5.1.1, may be based on the part thickness (minimum dimension
of the heaviest section) at the time of heat treatment (see 8.4).

3.2.5.3 Interruptions

During solution heat treatment, soaking shall be performed without interruption. During aging, annealing, stress relieving,
and heat treatment to the O1 (formerly T411) temper, a maximum of four interruptions, with doors open for not more than
2 minutes during each, is permissible for removal or loading of parts. Door opening durations greater than 2 minutes are
permitted provided the time between the door opening and recovery of furnace temperature is not included in the total time.

3.3 Solution Heat Treating - Heating and Soaking

3.3.1 Temperature

Parts that require solution heat treatment shall be soaked at the temperature specified in Table 2.

3.3.2 Furnace Temperature Stabilization

3.3.2.1 For air furnace loads where the previous load was at a higher set temperature, or the prior temperature uniformity
test was in a loaded furnace, furnaces shall be stabilized at the new set temperature before loading parts.

3.3.2.2 If the prior temperature uniformity test was in an unloaded furnace, furnace loads of non-clad material may be
loaded in a cold furnace or furnace whose previous set temperature was below the new set temperature.

3.3.2.3 For parts made from Alclad material, furnaces shall be stabilized at the set temperature before loading parts.
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3.3.3 Prevention of Hydrogen Induced Porosity

Entrapped water shall be prevented from entering the furnace. The loading of parts directly from a water-containing quench
tank (i.e., wet parts) into a furnace is prohibited. Ammonium fluoborate, or equivalent, should be used in air furnaces as
necessary; however, purging the furnace with fresh air may be necessary to prevent discoloration of subsequent loads of
parts made from Alclad product. Parts with blisters, as a result of hydrogen induced porosity, shall be rejected.

3.3.4 Recovery Time for Alclad Parts

For solution heat treating of parts made from Alclad product under 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) thick, the furnace recovery time
shall not exceed 30 minutes, and for parts made from heavier Alclad product, shall not exceed 60 minutes.

3.3.5 Multiple Solution Heat Treatments of Alclad Product

Parts made from product over 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) in nominal thickness shall be limited to two solution heat treatments in
addition to any by the material producer. Parts made from product 0.020 to 0.125 inch (0.51 to 3.18 mm) in nominal
thickness, shall be limited to one additional solution heat treatment in addition to any by the raw material producer. For parts
made from product under 0.020 inch (0.51 mm) in nominal thickness, additional solution heat treatments are prohibited.

3.4 Solution Heat Treating - Quenching

3.4.1 Following completion of the required soaking, parts shall be quenched by immersion in water or in a water/polymer
solution conforming to the requirements of Table 4, except where the use of alternate quenched media is allowed
for 6000 series alloy parts per 3.4.6. Parts are in the AQ (as-quenched) temper immediately after quenching
(see 8.5.3).

3.4.2 Quenchant Temperature

At the start of quench, quenchant temperature shall not exceed 90 °F (32 °C) except when water quenching parts made
from forgings. When quenching parts made from forgings, the starting temperature of quench water shall conform to Table 1.

Table 1 - Starting temperature of water quench for forgings

Alloy Temperature
2014 150 to 180 °F (66 to 82 °C)
2024, 2219, 6061, 7075 140 to 160 °F (60 to 71 °C)
7049, 7149, 7249, 7050 130 to 160 °F (54 to 71 °C)

3.4.3 Temperature Rise of Quenchant During Quenching

The quenchant temperature shall not exceed the maximum start-of-quench temperature specified in 3.4.2 by more than
10 °F (6 °C) at any time during quenching. In addition, the quenchant temperature shall not increase more than 25 °F (14 °C)
from the starting temperature as a result of quenching any single load.

3.4.4 Quench Delay Times

Shall conform to Table 5.

3.4.5 Agitation

Parts and/or quenchant shall be agitated during quenching. For thin parts (minimum dimension in heaviest section is under
0.105 inch (2.67 mm)), movement into the quenchant during immersion is sufficient agitation.
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3.4.6 Quenchants Other Than Water or Water/Polymer Solutions for 6061, 6063, 6066, and 6951 Alloy Parts

Thin parts under 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) in nominal thickness, made from 6061, 6063, 6066, and 6951 alloys, may be
quenched in an air blast, water spray or fog, providing that the quality assurance provisions specified herein are
supplemented by tensile and hardness tests as specified in 4.4.1.2.1.

3.4.7 Immersion Time

Parts racked or in baskets shall be kept immersed in the quenchant for not less than 1 minute per inch (25.4 mm) of
maximum thickness, or fraction thereof, or for not less than 1 minute after all evidence of boiling ceases, whichever is longer.
Sheet metal parts less than 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) thick may be removed from the quenchant as soon as all boiling ceases.

3.4.8 When water quenching from a salt bath, if the water quench tank does not have an overflow system to preclude salt
build-up in the quench tank, parts shall be rinsed in fresh water to preclude the possibility of salt residue on parts.

3.4.9 Water/Polymer Solutions

3.4.9.1 Water/polymer solutions shall conform to AMS3025, Type 1 or Type 2. Concentrations shall comply with Table 4.
The pH of water/polymer solutions shall be maintained between 7.5 and 9.2.

3.4.9.2 After quenching into a water/polymer solution, parts shall be thoroughly rinsed with fresh water to remove the
residual polymer.

3.4.9.3 Polymer Concentration Control

3.4.9.3.1 Test Methods

Determination of concentration shall be based on tests of viscosity (in accordance with ASTM D445) or by refractive index
using a refractometer, e.g., °Brix, glycol coolant, salinity, specific gravity, Abbe, etc., calibrated in accordance with 3.4.9.3.6.
A refractometer scaled in °Brix is preferred.

3.4.9.3.2 Test Frequency

Concentration shall be determined quarterly by viscosity. In addition, concentration shall be determined weekly, and when
concentration is changed, by viscosity or refractive index.

3.4.9.3.3 When refractometer concentration measurement is made, the concentration of the tank shall be recorded as
the value determined by the corrected refractive index measurement (see 3.4.9.3.6).

3.4.9.3.3.1 Quenchants Used with Salt Bath Furnaces

When a refractometer is used, and a test of the quenchant shows that its salt content has changed by 1% or more since
the last viscosity test, a new multiplying factor shall be determined (see 3.4.9.3.6.3). Determination of the new multiplying
factor shall be based on a new viscosity test or calibration against solutions of similar concentration in accordance
with 3.4.9.3.4.

3.4.9.3.4 When a viscosity concentration measurement is taken, the reading shall be compared to the corrected refractive
index concentration measurement (see 3.4.9.3.6) taken on the same sample. For the purpose of comparison,
the viscosity value and refractive index value shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5% polymer concentration. If
the concentration value of the two measurements differ by 2% or less, the concentration of the tank shall be
recorded as the value determined by the refractive index measurement. If the rounded corrected concentration
values of the two measurements differ by more than 2%, the reasons for the variance shall be determined and
corrective action taken.
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3.4.9.3.5 Equipment

3.4.9.3.5.1 Refractometers use for determination of concentration shall be temperature compensating, and of a range
suitable for the concentration being measured.

3.4.9.3.5.2 Refractometers, when checked against standards, shall have a measurement accuracy of ±0.5% polymer or
±0.3 °Brix as applicable, with a scale resolution or minimum indication of ±0.2 °Brix (or equivalent).

3.4.9.3.6 Calibration of Refractometers

3.4.9.3.6.1 Refractometers shall be calibrated at 90-day intervals. The method of calibration shall be documented, and
a seal stating the date of calibration shall be affixed to the refractometer.

3.4.9.3.6.2 Method A

Refractometers may be calibrated against prepared polymer solutions of known composition. The calibration solutions may
be prepared either by a volumetric or a weight method. Calibration points shall bracket each concentration and shall be
within 2% of the tank concentration to be measured. The tank concentration shall be determined by adjusting the
refractometer reading according to a calibration factor, curve, or table resulting from the calibration.

3.4.9.3.6.3 Method B

Refractometers may be calibrated against known refractive index standards. These standards can be created using carefully
weighed amounts of sucrose in water. Alternatively, NIST traceable refractive index standards can be purchased (such as
°Brix or refractive index prisms). Three points (zero, midpoint, and span of the refractometer) are required. Concentration
of either AMS3025 Type 1 or Type 2 polyalkalene glycol (PAG) is determined by dividing the concentration of a sample
determined by viscosity by the reading on the refractometer of the sample. This multiplying factor is then applied to
subsequent concentration determinations by refractometer. A new multiplication factor is determined at each concentration
determination by viscosity in accordance with ASTM D445.

3.4.9.3.6.4 The calibration curve for each specific fluid shall accompany each refractometer.

3.4.9.3.6.5 For quenchants used with salt bath furnaces, the calibrating solutions shall contain known amounts of salt,
and the calibration method shall incorporate the effects of the salt.

3.4.9.3.6.6 Alternative Calibration Methods

Calibration methods different from 3.4.9.3.6.2 or 3.4.9.3.6.3 may be utilized when approved by the cognizant engineering
organization.

3.4.9.4 Salt Contamination

Salt content in polymer/water quenchants shall not exceed 6.0% by weight. Water/polymer quenchants used with salt bath
furnaces shall be tested for salt content weekly. The method used shall be calibrated against solutions containing known
amounts of both polymer and salt, and the procedure documented. Meters used to determine the salt concentration shall
be calibrated every 90 days. Quench tanks which exceed 6.0% salt content shall not be used until the salt content has been
reduced below 6% or the quenchant has been replaced.

3.5 Refrigeration

3.5.1 Parts requiring retention of the as quenched (AQ) condition after solution heat treatment shall, after quenching, be
refrigerated in conformance with the requirements of Table 6.

3.5.2 Prechilling

Prior to refrigeration, parts may be prechilled by immersion in a cooled liquid to accelerate cooling.
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3.6 Aging

3.6.1 Parts requiring aging shall be aged as specified in Table 7.

3.6.2 Straightening After Aging

Straightening of parts in the following tempers is prohibited unless approved by the cognizant engineering organization: T6,
T6X, T7, T7X, T8, and T8X, as well as parts in the T4 and T4X tempers which have aged sufficiently at room temperature
to meet either the hardness or conductivity minimum of AMS2658.

3.7 Annealing and Stress Relieving

3.7.1 Parts requiring annealing shall be heated, soaked, and cooled as specified in Table 8.

3.7.2 A full anneal shall be used unless the treatment specified is a partial anneal or stress relief.

3.7.3 Stress Relieving Parameters

3.7.3.1 Except for material in the solution heat treated or aged condition, if a stress relief or stress relief treatment is
specified, the partial anneal parameters of Table 8 shall be used.

3.7.3.2 The partial anneal (stress relief) treatments in Table 8 shall not be used to relieve residual stress in parts in the
solution heat treated or aged condition.

3.8 O1 (Formerly T411) Temper

Parts required to be in the O1 temper shall be heated to the solution heat treating temperature specified in Table 2, soaked
for the time specified in Table 3, and air cooled to room temperature.

3.9 Hardness and Conductivity

Hardness and conductivity shall be in accordance with AMS2658.

3.10 Job Record

3.10.1 The following items shall be noted on the Job Planning/Processing Record/Shop Traveler for each furnace load.

• Equipment identification

• Operator identification

• Date

• Part number or product identification

• Number of parts

• Alloy designation

• Lot identification

• AMS2770R (or other specification if applicable)

• Actual thermal processing times and temperatures used

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3.10.2 When applicable, the following shall be recorded:

• Atmosphere

• Quench delay

• Quenchant type

• Polymer concentration

• Quenchant temperature

3.11 Qualification of Vendors (Subcontractors)

Facilities performing heat treatment in accordance with this specification shall be approved by the cognizant quality
assurance organization.

3.12 Personnel Training

Companies performing heat treatment in accordance with this specification shall have a verifiable program (either
company-created or conforming to ARP1962) of initial and periodic training and evaluation of its personnel. The training
program shall consist of one or more of the following: on-the-job training, classroom instruction, and academic instruction.

3.13 Exceptions

Any exceptions shall be authorized by purchaser and reported as in 4.5.1.

4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS

4.1 Responsibility for Inspection

Except as specified by the purchasing documents, the processor shall be responsible for the performance of all tests and
inspections specified herein. The procuring activity reserves the right to perform any surveillance or tests or inspections of
parts, and to review heat treating records and results of processor’s tests and inspections to verify that heat treating
conformed to the specified requirements.

4.2 Records

Records shall be kept available for 5 years after heat treatment. The records shall contain all data necessary to verify
traceability and conformance to the requirements of this specification.

4.3 Final Inspection

Inspection of heat treated parts shall be in accordance with 4.4.

4.4 Parts Control

4.4.1 Parts Other Than Rivets and Similar Small Standard Parts

Shall be tested in accordance with the following:

4.4.1.1 7000 Series Alloy Parts in T7X Tempers

Every part shall be conductivity tested at the thickest section. Additionally, every part shall be hardness tested except, when
approved by the cognizant engineering organization, hardness testing frequency may be reduced to not less than 25%.
(Parts which exhibit low conductivity and/or high hardness may be given additional aging (see Table 7) and retested.)
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4.4.1.2 6013, 6061, 6063, 6066, and 6951 Alloy Parts

Every part shall be hardness tested. 6013, 6061, 6063, 6066, and 6951 alloy parts should not be conductivity tested and
shall not be rejected for failure to meet conductivity requirements of AMS2658.

4.4.1.2.1 Air Blast, Water Spray, or Fog Quenched 6000 Series Alloy Parts (see 3.4.6)

In addition to hardness testing in accordance with 4.4.1.2, tensile specimens shall be taken from each heat treat load. The
specimens may be made from parts having the lowest hardness, or sample material representing the thickest section of the
parts, located near the center of the load. Tensile properties shall conform to the applicable material specification.

4.4.1.3 Other Alloys or Other Tempers

Each lot (see 8.6.8) of parts in a “T” temper shall be hardness and conductivity tested. (Hardness and conductivity testing
are not required for parts in the annealed or stress relieved condition.) Testing shall be in accordance with 4.4.1.3.1
or 4.4.1.3.2.

4.4.1.3.1 Every part shall be hardness tested and 10% of the parts shall be conductivity tested. The conductivity tested
parts should include those having the highest and lowest hardness.

4.4.1.3.2 Every part shall be conductivity tested and 10% of the parts shall be hardness tested. The hardness tested
parts should include those having the highest and lowest conductivity.

4.4.1.3.3 Tensile or Shear Testing

Alternatively, when tensile or shear testing is required, it may be substituted for the 10% hardness testing. Specimen(s)
shall be made from a part selected at random, or a prolongation thereof, or from a sample of the product from which the
parts were fabricated. The specimen(s) shall represent the maximum thickness of each lot of parts in each heat treat load.
If any test result fails to meet to the applicable requirements, the entire lot shall be rejected and referred to the customer for
disposition.

4.4.1.3.4 Sampling and Testing

In lieu of testing each part in accordance with 4.4.1.3.1 or 4.4.1.3.2, random samples of each lot may be tested for both
hardness and conductivity when sampling is approved by the cognizant quality assurance organization. The sampling
frequency shall not be less than 25%.

4.4.1.4 Testing and acceptance criteria for parts whose size or shape does not permit hardness or conductivity testing
shall be as follows:

4.4.1.4.1 Either the hardness or conductivity testing may be omitted provided every part is tested by the remaining
method. If this option is used, the report shall reflect that the parts could not be hardness (or conductivity) tested
due to size or shape, and that all parts were conductivity (or hardness) tested.

4.4.1.4.2 If parts can neither be hardness nor conductivity tested, testing and acceptance criteria shall be as specified by
the cognizant quality assurance organization.

4.4.2 Rivets and Similar Small Standard Parts

If mechanical testing (e.g., tensile, shear) is not required on each lot, hardness testing is required on each lot of parts. In
addition, conductivity testing is required on each lot of 7000 series alloy parts. Sampling shall be at the same frequency as
required for the strength parameter by the part specification or drawing. For parts whose size or configuration precludes the
above testing, representative (in alloy, thickness, and temper) coupons shall be tested based on furnace used as follows:

4.4.2.1 Parts Solution Heat Treated and Aged in Batch Type Furnaces

A minimum of three test coupons per lot shall have been randomly placed in each solution heat treatment and age load.
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4.4.2.2 Parts Solution Heat Treated and/or Aged in Continuous Furnaces

A minimum of one test coupon per lot shall have been placed in each solution heat treating and aging furnace during each
shift or 12 hours, whichever is less.

4.4.3 Failures

If any part or coupon fails to meet either hardness or conductivity requirements of AMS2658, every part (which can be
tested) in the lot shall be tested. Parts, and parts represented by coupons, which fail to meet either requirement shall be
rejected and referred to the customer for disposition.

4.5 Report/Certification

The heat-treating processor shall furnish, with each shipment of parts, a certified quality assurance report, traceable to the
heat treat control number(s), stating that the parts were processed in accordance with the requirements of AMS2770R
(or other applicable specification). This report shall include purchase order number, part number or product identification,
alloy, temper/strength designation, quantity of parts in the shipment; identification of furnace(s) used; actual thermal
processing times and temperatures used. When applicable, the report shall include atmosphere type, quenchant (including
polymer concentration range), hot straightening temperature and method of straightening (e.g., press, fixtures), actual test
results (e.g., hardness, conductivity, tensile, shear, etc.), and a statement of their conformance/non-conformance to
requirements. This data shall be reported in accordance with the heat treater’s documented procedures.

4.5.1 When parts processed to this specification have exceptions authorized by purchaser taken to the technical
requirements listed in Section 3, the report shall contain a statement “These parts are certified as AMS2770R(EXC)
because of the following exceptions:” and the specific exceptions shall be listed.

5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY

Not applicable.

6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Not applicable.

7. REJECTIONS

Not applicable.

8. NOTES

8.1 Revision Indicator

A change bar (I) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not
editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title
indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original
publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only.

8.2 Raw Material Heat Treatment

Production heat treatment by material producers and forge shops, or their vendors, of products listed below should be
performed in accordance with the procurement specification and/or AMS2772 (see 8.6.6). Products applicable to AMS2772
are: sheet, plate, foil, bar, rod, wire, extruded shapes, and forgings.
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8.3 Use of Load Sensors

The mandatory soaking times for air furnace solution heat treatment (Table 3) and aging (Table 7) are based on using
control sensors reflecting furnace air temperature. They include allowance for the lag between air temperature and metal
temperature. Therefore, basing the start of soaking on load sensors, and soaking for the Tables 3 and 7 times, will result in
excess soaking time. In the case of aging, this may result in reduced properties; in the case of solution heat treatment, it
will increase clad diffusion. Use of load sensors should be limited to confirming that parts reached and, during soaking,
remained within the allowable range, i.e., the range defined by applying the furnace temperature uniformity tolerance to the
specified temperature.

8.4 Solution heat treatment soak times include allowances for the more uniform temperature distribution in salt
baths/fluidized beds than air furnaces and the extra lag time needed for part temperatures to reach the heating
medium temperature in air furnaces.

8.5 Tempers

Aluminum alloy tempers are described in ANSI H35.1/H35.1M.

The tempers listed below are normally furnished by producers and cannot be produced by users except for the T3XX to
T8XX temper conversions listed in Table 7. Consequently, parts for which product in one of these tempers is specified
should not be re-solution heat treated, annealed, or heat treated to the O1 (formerly T411) temper unless authorized by the
cognizant engineering organization:

T3, T31, T34, T36, T361, T37, T8, T81, T86, T87, T351, T451, T651, T851, T8151, T861, T3510, T3511, T4510, T4511,
T6510, T6511, T8510, T8511, T7651, T7351, T76510, T76511, T73510, T73511, T352, T852, T652, T654, T7352, T7354,
T7451, T7452, T7454, T74510, and T74511.

8.5.1 All T736XX temper designations including T736510, T736511, T73651, T73652, and T73654 are obsolete. They
have been superseded by the corresponding T74XX temper designations and their use should be discontinued.

8.5.2 O1 (Formerly T411) Temper

A special temper condition used to minimize warpage during machining. Response to ultrasonic inspection is better than
with “F” or “O” temper product. This is not a final temper.

8.5.3 AQ Temper after Quenching

All alloys are in the AQ (as-quenched) temper immediately after quenching. After maximum delay time at room temperature
or maximum refrigerated storage time (as listed in Table 7) has elapsed, they are in the W temper which is unstable; i.e.,
their properties are continually changing. After 96 hours, of room temperature aging, the 2000 and 6000 series alloys
achieve stable, or relatively stable, T4 or T42 tempers.

8.6 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917 and as follows:

8.6.1 Parts Heat Treatment

Heat treatment by a source other than the raw material producer. Product is tested to the requirements of the heat treat
processing specification or to selected requirements of other specifications (see 8.6.6). Rivets are considered parts at any
stage of manufacture.

8.6.2 Solution Heat Treatment

Heating an alloy at an elevated suitable temperature for sufficient time to allow soluble constituents to enter into solid
solution where they are retained in a supersaturated state after quenching.

8.6.3 Aging (Precipitation Heat Treatment)

Soaking solution heat treated parts at a moderately elevated temperature or, for some alloys and tempers, at room
temperature to enhance strength and corrosion resistance properties.
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8.6.4 Annealing

A thermal treatment used to soften metal. A full anneal will soften product to develop maximum formability and ductility. A
partial anneal (stress relief) is used when grain growth is a problem or when less formability or ductility than provided by a
full anneal is acceptable.

8.6.5 Polymer Quenchant

A water solution of polymer used to alter the quench rate, intended to minimize distortion and residual stresses.

8.6.6 Raw Material (e.g., Sheet, Plate, Bar, Extrusions, Forgings, Castings)

Heat treatment is performed by or for the raw material producer and product is tested as required by the material
specification (see 8.6.1).

8.6.7 Cognizant

A term applied to the engineering organization responsible for the design of the parts, its allied quality assurance
organization, or a designee of those organizations.

8.6.8 Lot

A group of parts of the same part number and at the same stage of fabrication which have been either heat treated in the
same load or, in the case of continuous furnaces, hand loaded salt baths, etc., have been heat treated continuously during
a single shift, not to exceed a 12 hour period.

8.6.9 Recovery Time

The elapsed time between insertion of parts in a heating medium and start of soaking time.

8.6.10 Large Plan Form

A part which has a large planer surface area in relation to its thickness such as a plate or sheet.

8.6.11 Stress Relief

Thermal stress relief treatments for the solution heat treated and aged conditions that significantly reduce residual stress
will also affect the properties of the desired final temper and are therefore not covered by this document.

8.6.12 Straightening

Cognizant engineering organizations that provide approval for straightening after aging should also consider requiring
additional inspections or surveillance to ensure the final part properties are not adversely affected.

8.7 Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and
properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as the approximate equivalents of the primary units
and are presented only for information.
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Table 2 - Solution heat treating temperatures

Set Temperature
Alloy Form °F °C Notes
2004 Sheet 985 529
2014, 2017, 2117 All 935 502
2024, 2124, 2224 All 920 493
2098 All 970 521
2195 Plate 950 510
2219 All 995 535
Sheet 1000 538 (7)
6013
Rod/Bar 985 529
6061 All 985 529 (5)

6063 All 985 529

6066 All 985 529
6951 All 985 529 (9)

7049, 7149, 7249 All 875 468 (1)(2)

7050 Forgings 880 471 (2)(4)(8)

7050 All Other 890 477 (2)(4)(8)

7075 All 870 466 (6)

7178 All 870 466

Sheet, Plate under 0.500 inch
7475 880 471 (3)
(12.7 mm)
Plate, 0.500 inch (12.7 mm)
7475 890 477 (3)
and over
NOTES:
(1)
The aging treatment for 7049, 7149, and 7249 alloys shall not be initiated until at least 48 hours at room temperature have
elapsed after quenching.
(2)
To avoid stress corrosion cracking of thick 7049, 7149, 7249, and 7050 parts, delay between quenching and start of aging should
not exceed 72 hours.
(3)
After normal soaking, increase temperature to 920 °F (493 °C) for Alclad and 955 °F (513 °C) for non-clad; minimum soaking
time at higher temperatures, 15 minutes and 60 minutes, respectively.
(4)
Solution heat treat temperatures as low as 870 °F (466 °C) may be used to control recrystallization and surface cracking
problems.
(5)
For 6061, an alternate solution heat treating temperature of 995 °F (535 °C) may be used.
(6)
Rivets, which are to be aged to the T73 temper may be solution heat treated at 875 °F (469 °C).
(7)
Should not be solution heat treated after forming because it has a tendency to develop a large grain structure due to
recrystallization.
(8)
Eutectic melting may occur at the specified temperature if the raw material was not properly homogenized or worked.
(9)
Applies to clad brazing sheet #21 and #22; core is 6951 alloy.
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Table 3 - Solution heat treating soaking times

Minimum soaking Time,

(hours:minutes)(2)(3)(4)
Thickness(1) Thickness(1) Salt and
Inches Millimeters Fluidized Bed Air Furnace
Up to 0.020, incl Up to 0.51, incl 0:10 0:20
Over 0.020 to 0.032, incl Over 0.51 to 0.81, incl 0:15 0:25
Over 0.032 to 0.063, incl Over 0.81 to 1.60, incl 0:20 0:30
Over 0.063 to 0.090, incl Over 1.60 to 2.29, incl 0:25 0:35
Over 0.090 to 0.125, incl Over 2.29 to 3.18, incl 0:30 0:40
Over 0.125 to 0.250, incl Over 3.18 to 6.35, incl 0:35 0:50
Over 0.250 to 0.500, incl Over 6.35 to 12.70, incl 0:45 0:60
Over 0.500 to 1.0, incl Over 12.70 to 25, incl 0:60 1:30
Over 1.0 to 1.5, incl Over 25 to 38, incl 1:30 2:00
Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl Over 38 to 51, incl 1:45 2:30
Over 2.0 to 2.5, incl Over 51 to 64, incl 2:00 3:00
Over 2.5 to 3.0, incl Over 64 to 76, incl 2:15 3:30
Over 3.0 to 3.5, incl Over 76 to 89, incl 2:30 4:00
Over 3.5 to 4.0, incl Over 89 to 102, incl 2:45 4:30
Over 4.0 Over 102 Add 0:15 per Add 0:30 per
0.500 inch 0.500 inch
(12.7 mm) (12.7 mm)
NOTES:
(1)
The thickness is the minimum dimension of the heaviest section at the time of heat treatment.
(2)
For Alclad product, the maximum soaking time is 10 minutes longer than the minimum.
(3)
Minimum soaking times for second step of 7475 solution heat treatment are 15 minutes for Alclad and 60 minutes for non-clad.
(4)
Soak time for rivets and other small parts in baskets or on moving belts shall either be based on the full thickness of the layer or the heat
treater may determine the time required to heat the parts to the soak temperature range by test with load sensors and establish a soak
time based on the part thickness using the determined heat up time to soak.
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Table 4 - Limits for quenching in polymer solutions

Polymer Maximum Thickness(3) Polymer(1)(4)(6)

Type(1) Alloy Form Inches Millimeters Concentration % Notes
2.000 50.80 22 max
2014 Forgings
3.000 76.20 16 max
0.040 1.02 34 max (2)
Sheet,
0.063 1.60 28 max (2)
2024 Extrusions,
0.071 1.80 22 max (2)
Tubing
0.080 2.03 16 max (2)

2024 Tubing 0.188 4.78 16 max (2)

2219 Sheet, Extrusions 0.073 1.85 22 max (2)

0.250 6.35 40 max

Sheet, Plate, Bar
6061 0.375 9.52 32 max
Extrusions,
1.000 25.40 22 max
6061 Tubing 0.188 4.78 22 max
0.080 2.03 40 max
7049 0.250 6.35 34 max
Sheet, Plate
7050 0.375 9.52 28 max
1 Bar
7075 0.500 12.70 22 max
1.000 25.40 16 max
1.000 25.40 18 to 22
6061
Forgings 2.000 50.80 11 to 15 (5)
7075
2.500 76.20 8 to 12 (5)

1.000 25.40 18 to 22
7049
Forgings 2.000 50.80 11 to 15
7149
3.00 76.20 8 to 12
1.000 25.40 28 to 32
2.000 50.80 24 to 28
7050 Forgings
3.000 76.20 18 to 22
4.000 101.50 13 to 17
7049
0.250 6.35 28 max
7050 Extrusions
0.375 9.52 22 max
7075
0.040 1.02 34 max (2)

2024 Sheet, Extrusions 0.063 1.60 22 max (2)

0.080 2.03 16 max (2)

6061
Sheet, 0.040 1.02 34 max
2 7049
Plate, 0.190 4.83 20 max
7050
Bar 0.250 6.35 18 max
7075
6061 1.00 25.4 11 to 15
Forgings
7075 2.00 50.8 8 to 12 (5)

NOTES:
(1)
Type 1 and Type 2 polymer solutions and concentrations shall conform to AMS3025. Concentrations are percentages by volume of
the undiluted polymer as furnished by the producer.
(2)
Applicable when final temper is T4 or T42. When final temper is T6 or T62, extrusions, sheet, and plate up to 0.250 inch (6.35 mm),
inclusive, may be quenched in Type 1 or Type 2 polymer solution at 22% maximum.
(3)
Thickness is the minimum dimension of the largest section at the time of heat treatment.
(4)
When concentration is specified on a drawing or purchase order without tolerance or range the tolerance shall be ±2%.
(5)
Prohibited for 7075 alloy over 1 inch (25 mm) when final temper is T6.
(6)
The minimum glycol percentage for any alloy, form or thickness grouping may be used for all listed thicknesses, but may produce
variation in subsequent processing (e.g., machine distortion, aging time variations, etc.).
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Table 5 - Maximum quench delay times (1)

Minimum Thickness(2) Maximum Time

Inches Millimeters Seconds(3)
Up to 0.016, incl Up to 0.41, incl 5
Over 0.016 to 0.031, incl Over 0.41 to 0.79, incl 7
Over 0.031 to 0.090, incl Over 0.79 to 2.29, incl 10
Over 0.090 Over 2.29 15
NOTES:
(1)
The delay time is measured from the time the furnace door of an air furnace starts to open, or the first portion of the
load emerges from a fluidized bed or salt bath or the heating zone of a continuous furnace, to complete immersion of
the load in the quenchant.
(2)
Minimum thickness is the minimum dimension of the thinnest section of any part in the load.
(3)
The maximum quench delays specified may be exceeded, provided tests made within the past year have
demonstrated that part temperatures do not fall below 775 °F (413 °C) before immersion; except for 2219 alloy, part
temperatures shall not fall below 900 °F (482 °C) before immersion.

Table 6 - Refrigeration

Maximum Delay Time Maximum Refrigerated Storage Time,

Between Quench and Days, at Max Temp Shown
Alloy Refrigeration Minutes 10 °F (-12 °C) 0 °F (-18 °C) -10 °F (-23 °C)
2000 Series 15 1 30 90
Others 30 7 30 90
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Table 7 - Aging treatments

Starting Mand, 1st Step 2nd Step(14)

Temper Final Pref or Temp Time(12) Temp Time(12)
Alloy Form (4)(5) Temper(2) Alt.(1) °F °C Hours °F °C Hours Notes(4)
2000 Sheet AQ, W T4 M Room N/A (10)

Series Other AQ, W T42 M Room N/A (10)

2004 Sheet T4 T6 M 330 166 17 to 19

2014 Sheet T3 T6 M 320 160 18 to 20 (5)

T4 T6
All M 350 177 8 to 9 (5)
T42 T62
2024 All AQ, W T42 M Room N/A (10)

T3 T81
M 375 191 12 to 13
Sheet, T351 T851
Plate, T361 T861 M 375 191 8 to 9
Drawn Tube T42 T62 M 375 191 9 to 12 (5)

T42 T72 M 375 191 16 to 18 (5)

T4 T62
2024 Forgings M 375 191 12 to 13 (5)
T352 T852
T351 T851
Wire, Rolled Bar M 375 191 12 to 13
T4 T6
T351X T851X
Extruded Bar and
T4 T6 M 375 191 12 to 13 (5)
Shapes
T42 T62 (5)

T351 T851 M 320 160 17 to 19

2098 All
T42 T62 M 320 160 17 to 19 (5)

2195 Plate T34 T82 M 290-320 143- 160 24 to 40

2124 Plate T351 T851 M 375 191 12 to 13
Alclad Sheet T42 T62 M 375 191 17 to 19 (5)

Forgings T42 T62 M 375 191 25 to 27 (5)

All Other T42 T62 M 375 191 35 to 37 (5)

T31 T81 M 350 177 17 to 19

Sheet
T37 T87 M 325 163 23 to 25
T352 T852 M 350 177 17 to 19
2219 Forgings
T4 T6 M 375 191 25 to 27 (5)

T351 T851 M 350 177 17 to 19

Plate
T37 T87 M 325 163 17 to 19
Rivets T31 T81 M 350 177 17 to 19
Extruded Bar and T31 T81
M 375 191 17 to 19
Shapes T351X T851X
AQ, W T4, T42 M Room N/A (10)
6013 Sheet
T4, T42 T6, T62 M 375 191 4 to 5 (5)

6061 AQ, W T4, T42 M Room N/A (10)

6063 All T4 T6 P 350 177 8 to 10 (5)

6066 T42 T62 A 320 160 18 to 34 (5)

AQ T4, T42 M Room N/A (10)

6951 Sheet(11)
T4, T42 T6, T62 M 320 160 17 to 19 (5)

Extruded Bar and W T73 M 250 121 23-25 330 166 21-22 (6)(7)(8)
7049
Shapes W T76 M 250 121 23-25 330 166 14-15 (6)(8)
7149
Forgings W T73 M 250 121 23-25 330 166 13-14 (6)(8)

Rivets AQ, W T73 M 250 121 4 min 355 179 8 min

Plate, Extruded
AQ, W T73 M 250 121 6-8 350 177 11.5-12.5 (6)(8)
Bar, and Shapes
7050
Plate AQ, W T76 M 250 121 6-8 350 177 6.5-7 (6)(8)

All Except Plate AQ, W T76 M 250 121 6-8 350 177 3.5-4.5 (6)(8)

All AQ, W T74(9) M 250 121 6-8 350 177 6-8 (6)(8)
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Table 7 - Aging treatments (continued)

Starting Mand, 1st Step 2nd Step(14)

Temper Final Pref or Temp Time(12) Temp Time(12)
Alloy Form (4)(5) Temper(2) Alt.(1) °F °C Hours °F °C Hours Notes(4)
All AQ, W T6, T62 M 250 121 23-25
P 225 107 6-7 325 163 26-28 (3)(8)
T73
A 250 121 4-5 350 177 8-10 (3)(8)
Sheet, Plate AQ, W
P 225 107 6-7 325 163 16-18 (8)
T76
A 250 121 4-6 350 177 5-7 (8)

P 225 107 6-7 350 177 8-10 (8)(15)

T73
7075 Wire, Rolled Bar, A 250 121 4-5 350 177 8-10 (8)(15)
AQ, W
Forgings P 250 121 3-4 325 163 16-18 (8)
T76
A 225 107 6-7 325 163 16-18 (8)

P 225 107 6-7 350 177 6-8 (8)

T73
Extruded Bar and A 250 121 4-5 350 177 6-8 (8)
AQ, W
Shapes P 250 121 3-4 320 160 19-21 (8)
T76
A 225 107 6-7 320 160 19-21 (8)

All AQ, W T62 M 250 121 23-25

P 250 121 23-25 325 163 16-18 (8)
Sheet, Plate AQ, W T76
7178 A 250 121 4-6 325 163 16-18 (8)

Extruded Bar and P 250 121 23-25 320 160 18-20 (8)
AQ, W T76
Shapes A 250 121 4-6 320 160 18-20 (8)

Forgings W T73 M 250 121 10-12 325 162 6.5-7.5 (6)(8)

7249
Extrusions W T76 M 250 121 4-28 325 162 4-10 (6)(8)

AQ, W T61 M 250 121 3-5 315 157 3-3.25 (8)

Sheet
AQ, W T761 M 250 121 3-5 325 163 10-12 (8)

7475 AQ, W T6 M 250 121 23-25

Plate AQ, W T76 M 250 121 3-5 325 163 12-18 (8)

AQ, W T73 M 250 121 3-5 325 163 24-30 (8)

NOTES:
(1)
(M) mandatory, (P) preferred, or (A) alternate aging treatment.
(2)
Digits added to these basic temper designations to denote stress relief treatments, etc., should appear identical before and after aging. T42 and
T62 are the technical designations for aging treatment performed by entities other than the original material producer; previously, T4 and T6 were
sometimes used to designate these final tempers.
(3)
Either second step age may be used with either first step age interchangeably.
(4)
For all T7XX tempers, the first step of the T7XX age may be omitted if parts (material) are (is) in the T6 temper.
(5)
When temper before furnace aging is AQ, W, T4, or T42, the furnace aging treatment may be started immediately after quenching or at any time
thereafter. With the exception of 7049, 7149 and 7249 alloys, natural aging is not necessary before initiating a -T6XX or the first step of -T7XX age.
(6)
The aging treatment for 7049, 7149, and 7249 parts shall not be initiated until at least 48 hours after quenching. To avoid stress corrosion cracking
of thick 7049, 7149, 7249, and 7050 parts, the elapsed time between quenching and start of aging should not exceed 72 hours.
(7)
14 to 15 hours if thicker than 2 inches (51 mm).
(8)
Aging times at the specified second step temperature are permissible to reduce hardness and/or raise conductivity of T7XX parts in order to meet
AMS2658 requirements. Additional aging times allowed are as follows:
(8.1)
Additional aging (re-aging is permitted only for parts which exceed the specified minimum hardness for the alloy and temper by two points HRB or
equivalent.
(8.2)
Additional aging (re-aging) shall be performed in cycles of 2 hours minimum plus 0.5 hour for each inch of thickness or fraction thereof in excess of
2 inches. Total re-aging time shall not exceed a total of 4 additional hours except that 6 additional hours for 7050 forgings thinner than 0.260 inch
(6.60 mm) are allowed.
(8.3)
Additional aging (re-aging) cycles shall meet all applicable specification requirements and shall be documented as part of the production records.
Applicable hardness and conductivity tests shall be performed to verify compliance with the properties of 4.4.1 after each aging cycle.
(8.4)
Additional aging (re-aging) temperatures for specific alloys shall conform to the second step age requirements of Table 7.
(8.5)
Uninterrupted aging time may be used when additional aging time has been previously demonstrated. Total aging time shall not exceed aging time
from Table 7 plus additional aging time in note 8.2.
(9)
Formerly designated T736.
(10)
T4 and T42 are achieved when hardness and conductivity per AMS2658 are met. Typically, this is achieved within 96 hours at room temperature.
(11)
Applies to clad brazing sheet #21 and #22; core is 6951 alloy.
(12)
All soaking times, except those for 7050 alloy and those referencing note 7, are for product or nested stack up to 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) thickness
(minimum dimension of heaviest section). Add 0.5 hour to times for each additional 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) or fraction thereof. Soaking times shown are
applicable to all thicknesses of 7050 alloy. When using load thermocouples to measure aging time, the soaking times for the 0.5 inch product shall
apply.
(13)
Aging temperature and times for stress relieved tempers, TX5, TX51, TX51X, and TX52 shall be the same as basic temperatures.
(14)
The second step aging process may be conducted in a continuous operation after the first step or the parts may be cooled to room temperature and
then given the second step.
(15)
For forgings over 3.0 inch (76.2 mm) thick, second step age time is 6 to 10 hours.
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Table 8 - Annealing

Full Anneal Partial Anneal (Stress Relief)(5)

Set(1)
Temperature Soaking Set(1)Temperature Soaking
Time Time
Minimum Cooling Minimum Cooling
Alloy °F °C Hours(2) Medium °F °C Hours(2) Medium
1100,
630-660 333-349 0.5 Air
5052
3003 720-770 388-404 0.5 Air
2000
Series, Furnace(3)
750-800 399-427 1 630-660 333-349 0.5 Air
6000 or (4)
Series
7000 630-660 333-349 2 Air
750-800 399-427 2 Furnace(4)
Series
NOTES:
(1)
Any temperature within the set temperature range may be used.
(2)
Soak times listed are for up to 0.5 inch (13 mm) maximum thickness. Add 0.5 hour for each additional 0.5 inch (13 mm) of product or nested stack
thickness or fraction thereof over 0.5 inch (13 mm).
(3)
Furnace cool at 50 °F (28 °C) per hour maximum, to 500 °F (260 °C), air cool to room temperature.
(4)
Furnace cool at 50 °F (28 °C) per hour maximum, to 450 °F (232 °C), hold at 450 °F (232 °C) for 6 hours, furnace or air cool to room temperature.
(5)
Prior to solution heat treatment, in-process parts needing additional forming operations or needing control of grain size may receive an interim
stress relief treatment in a controlled temperature liquid bath per AMS2750 as an alternate to a furnace stress relief. The temperature shall not be
less than 645 °F and shall not exceed the solution heat treating temperature for the alloy being processed. Immersion time shall not exceed 10
minutes.

PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “D” AND AMEC