CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION

In today’s fast-changing academic and work environment, an internship is no longer

just an option; it has become an essential part of a student’s educational journey. An
internship connects classroom learning to real-world experiences. It enables students
to engage in activities that can significantly influence their field of study. Internships
are crucial for developing skills, expanding networks, and exploring career paths,
especially for undergraduates. My own internship was enlightening and empowering
as I worked in the field of entrepreneurship. This report reflects on my time at the
Jammu and Kashmir Entrepreneurship Development Institute (JKEDI), an organiza-
tion focused on nurturing entrepreneurial talent and fostering innovation and self-
employment.

An internship offers experiential learning. It provides students or recent graduates

with structured work experience at an organization. The goal is to develop skills,
knowledge, and competencies in their area of interest for a set period. Internships
may offer stipends or pay, but they also allow for tailored experiences that vary by
industry, duration, and intensity.

Importance

For an undergraduate student, an internship holds value that extends beyond just a
few hours of academic credit or an additional bullet point on a resume.

1. Real-World Exposure: An internship allows students to apply their theoretical

knowledge in practice. They gain insight into how these theories work in real situa-
tions.
2. Skill Building: Internships provide students with opportunities to enhance their
communication, teamwork, problem-solving, time management, and adaptability.
These soft and technical skills go beyond what a traditional classroom offers.

3. Career Development: Being in a real working environment helps students clarify

their career goals. They can determine if a specific field aligns with their personal
interests and strengths.

4. Confidence Development: Working alongside experienced professionals boosts

confidence. Students learn to handle responsibilities, meet deadlines, and communi-
cate effectively within a professional setting.

5. Professional Connections: An internship opens doors to build relationships with

industry professionals, mentors, and peers.

6. Resume Builder: A strong internship enhances a student’s resume, making them

more appealing to future employers or academic programs.

In summary, internships are a vital step for students transitioning from academia to
professional life.
 WHY INTERNSHIP IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Entrepreneurship goes beyond just starting a business; it's a mindset that involves
creativity, innovation, resilience, and a willingness to take risks. I chose to focus on
entrepreneurship for my internship because I believe that the ability to create value
independently is a valuable skill in today’s fast-paced economy.

1. Developing an Entrepreneurial Mindset: An internship in entrepreneurship is a

great way to build critical thinking skills. It provides valuable experience in spotting
market gaps, brainstorming solutions to problems, and developing a business model.

2. Understanding Start-up Ecosystems: The internship gave me insight into how

start-ups are created, funded, and scaled. It introduced me to the key aspects of en-
trepreneurship, including idea generation, business planning, branding, marketing,
and finance.

3. Solving Tangible Problems: An internship in entrepreneurship allows students to

see how real-world problems, especially those common in certain areas like Jammu
and Kashmir, can be turned into opportunities through the vision and innovative
thinking of entrepreneurs.

4. Opportunity for Self-Employment and Economic Development: In areas with few

job opportunities, entrepreneurship can foster self-reliance and help young people
become job creators instead of job seekers.

5. Exposure to Holistic Learning: Unlike other internships that focus on a single

department, an entrepreneurship internship exposes interns to various functions such
as marketing, finance, operations, and customer relations within one experience.
Choosing entrepreneurship for my internship was ideal for students who are curious,
creative, and eager to contribute to societal improvement. It equips students with a
valuable skill set and mindset that they can use and grow, regardless of the career
path they take.

Why at JKEDI?

The Jammu and Kashmir Entrepreneurship Development Institute (JKEDI) is a re-

spected organization focused on fostering entrepreneurship in Jammu and Kashmir.
JKEDI aims to create a sustainable ecosystem for entrepreneurship and has posi-
tively impacted the lives of thousands of young people.

1. Credibility and Experience: JKEDI is a well-established institution with experi-

enced faculty and government backing. It offers well-structured programs and real-
world case studies for entrepreneurs.

2. Customization: JKEDI tailors its programs to fit the economic, social, and cultural
context of Jammu and Kashmir, enhancing the internship experience.

3. Experiential Learning: At JKEDI, the internship involved hands-on modules along

with interactive sessions, mentoring, and business simulation exercises.

4. Resources: JKEDI provides a wide range of resources, including business incuba-

tion, financial support, help with legal processes, and additional capabilities.

5. Emphasis on Empowerment: JKEDI focuses on youth empowerment, women's

entrepreneurship, and inclusive development to create social benefits, social impact,
and community growth.
Overall, my internship at JKEDI blended structured learning with mentoring, giving
me practical experience and socio-economic insights. This opportunity not only en-
hanced my entrepreneurial skills but also changed how I view entrepreneurship as a
tool for empowerment, development, and positive change.

CHAPTER-2
JKEDI
Jammu and Kashmir Entrepreneurship Development
Institute
JKEDI was set up by the Government of Jammu and Kashmir in March 1997 to
promote entrepreneurship in the state. The institute started its regular activities in
February 2004 and has become a top-notch learning center with fully equipped re-
gional centers in Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh. Additionally, JKEDI has Commu-
nity Organisers in all 22 districts to support entrepreneurship and promote commu-
nity development. The headquarters of JKEDI is located in Pampore, Pulwama dis-
trict, Jammu and Kashmir. It is a government-owned institution dedicated to entre-
preneurship development.

JKEDI must quickly move from its main campuses to the districts and engage with
communities for effective and sustainable entrepreneurship growth. JKEDI profes-
sionals work at the grassroots level to raise awareness and readiness for enterprise
through community organizing and participatory training practices among the youth
in Jammu and Kashmir. In the Jammu region, the office is located at SIDCO I.A
VERTICALS OF JKEDI
 VISION AND MISSION OF JKEDI

1. CIEC – Centre for Incubation and Enterprise Creation

This vertical focuses on nurturing early-stage startups by providing incu-
bation facilities, mentoring, technical support, and networking opportuni-
ties. It helps entrepreneurs develop viable business models and connects
them with investors and markets.
2. CNEC – Centre for New Enterprise Creation
CNEC is responsible for identifying potential entrepreneurs and support-
ing them in setting up new ventures. It conducts Entrepreneurship Devel-
opment Program’s (EDPs) to equip individuals with the skills and
knowledge needed to start and run successful businesses.
3. CENWENT – Centre for Women Entrepreneurship
Dedicated to empowering women through entrepreneurship, this vertical
run special training programs and schemes like Tejaswini to support
women in launching their businesses. It aims to bridge the gender gap in
entrepreneurship across the region.
4. CBDS – Centre for Business Development Services
CBDS provides crucial post-establishment support to entrepreneurs. This
includes help with marketing, branding, financial management, DPR
preparation, legal compliance, and business expansion strategies to en-
sure sustainability and growth of enterprises.
5. CSF – Centre for Startup Facilitation
This vertical is designed to assist startups under the J&K Startup Policy.
It facilitates the registration, certification, and support of startups, offer-
ing guidance on funding, mentoring, and innovation through a structured
startup ecosystem.
6. CEER – Centre for Entrepreneurship Education and Research
CEER handles research, policy studies, and educational initiatives to pro-
mote entrepreneurship as an academic discipline. It collaborates with
universities and institutions to integrate entrepreneurship education at
various levels.
7. CPS – Centre for Policy Studies
This vertical focuses on policy formulation, evaluation, and advocacy re-
lated to entrepreneurship and economic development. It conducts impact
assessments, designs schemes, and advises the government on entrepre-
neurship-driven policies.
8. CIIBM – Centre for Innovation, Incubation, and Business Modelling
CIIBM encourages innovation and helps entrepreneurs refine their ideas
into sustainable business models. It supports business simulations, proto-
typing, and validation to increase the success rate of new ventures.
9. SSV – Sustainable and Social Ventures Vertical
This vertical promotes entrepreneurship that addresses social, environ-
mental, and sustainable development goals (SDGs). It supports green
startups, social enterprises, and community-based businesses that aim for
both profit and positive societal impact.

VISION:
JKEDI's vision is to build an impressive, sustainable, innovation-based and thriving
entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Region of Jammu and Kashmir. It sees a region in
which people of all backgrounds - whether they be youth, women or disadvantaged
groups - are able to achieve self-reliance through entrepreneurship. By developing
creativity, innovation and promoting inclusive growth, JKEDI aims to transform ea-
ger, aspiring people into job creators who can contribute meaningfully towards the
economic or social development of the Union Territory. The vision also reduces de-
pendence on traditional government jobs, providing the opportunity for self-employ-
ment and getting people to create enterprises that develop employment opportunities
for others. JKEDI envisions a culture of entrepreneurship that will have longevity
and durability to create economic resilience and sustained regional prosperity. The
Jammu and Kashmir Entrepreneurship Development Institute (JKEDI) hopes to fos-
ter a lively and inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem that gives individuals the means
to become economically self-sufficient while contributing to regional economic de-
velopment. JKEDI will do this by offering initiatives that foster sustainability, in-
novation, and job creation while encouraging entrepreneurship as desired career
choice, particularly amongst women and youth.
MISSION:
JKEDI’s mission is to cultivate an entrepreneurial mind set and self-employment
across the Union Territory by providing comprehensive and end-to-end support to
aspiring entrepreneurs. Specifically, JKEDI provides entrepreneurship development
programs with high quality training, the development of technical & managerial ca-
pabilities and financial linkages. Additionally, they serve as a facilitator for entre-
preneurs to connect to banks, providing support in developing bankable business
plans, accessing government schemes, and securing startup funding as part of their
government mission. JKEDI complements these efforts with ongoing mentoring,
post-training support, incubation services, and other forms of support to ensure that
new businesses are both sustainable to the economy and to the community. JKEDI
has also focused on assisting the Government in designing, implementing, and ap-
plying policies and programs to support entrepreneurship development at a commu-
nity level. JKEDI aims to support entrepreneurs in developing their talent, create
avenues toward employment, and facilitate inclusive economic growth in Jammu
and Kashmir. The mission of JKEDI is to nurture entrepreneurship and self-employ-
ment, by providing and facilitative support to its clients with, training and skill de-
velopment, provide an entry point for accessing finance, and mentoring. JKEDI, at
the request of the aspiring entrepreneur, can prepare project report proposals, and
connect clients to their bank and appropriate government funding schemes. JKEDI
also provides ongoing post training support as well as opportunities for an incubation
period to promote business sustainability. JKEDI also functions as a bridge between
policy and practice, thereby going a long way towards actualising the goal of reduc-
ing unemployment, thereby creating viable and self-sustaining economy in Jammu
and Kashmir.

CORE VALUES:
• Integrity and Transparency: Adhere to the highest standards of integrity and trans-
parency in all business transactions. If there is a conflict, be on the side of right and
not convenience.
• Efficient and cognizant of solutions: We are efficient in our functioning and are
continuously striving to improve our skills and knowledge, we will be attentive to
feedback and contribute to the development of our own human resource via learning,
sharing, and mentoring.
• Knowledge and Innovation: We make efforts to generate knowledge products, tools
and platforms, champion initiatives, encourage innovation, and develop new ways
of working towards modifying the basis of programming.
• Inclusive development: We are aware and sensitive to the needs of vulnerable peo-
ple and regions in distress; we recognize the importance of gender sensitivity and
always recognize and respect family commitments and work-life balance.
• Accountable: We will be decisive, deadline-orientated, and quick in our turnaround.
We will be strategic and proactive in anticipating problems and creating solutions.
• Respect for Diversity: We will adopt a caring approach, recognizing that there is
not one unique/exclusive answer to the complex reality of socio economics.

OBJECTIVES OF JKEDI:
• Stir Entrepreneurship Culture: To create and foster a culture of entrepreneur-
ship amongst the citizens of Jammu and Kashmir, particularly the youth,
women, and the marginalized population.
• Create Jobs through Self Employment: To address the unemployment situa-
tion, we encourage individuals to be self-employed and unemployed others by
starting small businesses or startups.
• Skill Development and Training: To conduct training and Entrepreneurship
Development Programs (EDPs) frequently and develop the aspiring entrepre-
neurs with their choice of business skills, technical and management skills.
• Support Access to finance: We help the entrepreneur prepare business plans
and Detailed Project Reports (DPR) and work with them to access funds from
banks and financial institutions through various government schemes.
• Support Enterprise Development and Sustainability: We provide incubation
support to new enterprises, mentoring support and post-training support so
 that they can move from an idea to sustainable, scalable, and success enter-
prises.
• Implementation of Government schemes: We act as the nodal agency for im-
plementation of various entrepreneurship promotion schemes from the state
and central government.
• Support Innovation and Modern Business Practices: We support and encour-
age innovation, technology use, and modern business practices among start-
ups and small and medium enterprises in our region.
• Research and Policy Advice: We conduct research and policy analysis about
entrepreneurship and provide policy recommendations to the government.

CHAPTER-3
10 DAY ACTIVITIES

DAY 1:
• WELCOME SESSION
• BRIEF INTRODUCTION
We started with a short self-introduction. Then, JKEDI welcomed us and gave an
overview of the institute’s vision, goals, and programs. The session shared important
information about the role of entrepreneurship today and how JKEDI helps and
supports new entrepreneurs. This friendly introduction to the internship program set
a solid foundation for the journey ahead.

DAY 2:
• JKEDI’S VERTICALS
We received a detailed briefing about the different verticals that make up JKEDI’s
structure, including CIEC, CNEC, CENWENT, CBDS, CEER, CPS, CSF, CIIBM,
and SSV. All these verticals support entrepreneurship in J&K. CIEC, CNEC, and
CENWENT focus on creating and nurturing businesses, while CBDS and CSF are
concerned with development and funding. Since CEER and CPS are improving ed-
ucation and skills, CIIBM promotes innovation and incubation. SSV manages oper-
ational administration and financial support. Together, these verticals build a range
of capabilities that address every part of nurturing and sustaining entrepreneurs in
J&K.

DAY 3:
• GROUP ACTIVITY
• IDEA GENERATION
. START-UP IDEA PRESENTATION

(Four members of our "Vision" team chose to present our startup idea, "BUSINESS
OPPORTUNITIES IN J&K AFTER THE ARTICLE 370 AND 35A ABROGA-
TION," as seen in this photo.)

On Day 3, we split into groups of eight to brainstorm startup ideas. Our group pro-
posed an institute that connects companies and colleges to share internships, ensur-
ing that students' interests match the companies' needs. This portal would save time
and effort for both students and employers, making the internship process easier. We
then presented as a team, and I received helpful feedback, which improved my un-
derstanding of how to pitch solutions that address real-world needs effectively.
DAY-4
• MARKET SURVEY OF TWO BUSINESSES
• INDIVIDUALLY

On Day 4, we conducted an individual market survey to gain a firsthand view of how

a business operates. The survey aimed to identify key factors such as initial invest-
ment, daily traffic, peak selling seasons, and we also performed a SWOT analysis. I
chose to survey a retail and stationery shop. By keeping in touch with the owner, I
learned about his investment in the store, the average number of customers each day,
and how demand increases before back-to-school season. I examined the strengths
of the business, like its location and product variety, as well as weaknesses such as
limited storage space. Opportunities included moving to an online platform, while
threats involved rising competition. This experience gave me practical insights into
running a small business, helping me connect classroom learning with real-world
complexities. It also highlighted the importance of market research to identify chal-
lenges and growth opportunities.

DAY-5
• ABOUT J&K ECONOMY

• LINK WITH ENTREPRENEURSHIP

On Day 5, we focused on the economy of Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) and the factors
affecting businesses in this area. We discussed successful industries, including tour-
ism, handicrafts, horticulture, and small-scale retail. We learned that entrepreneur-
ship fuels economic growth by creating jobs, using local resources, and promoting
self-reliance away from government jobs. In a region like J&K, entrepreneurship is
crucial for reducing unemployment, empowering youth, and fostering independence.
Gaining a better understanding of the local economic context helped us see the need
for tailored, sustainable entrepreneurial ventures that support regional development
and long-term sustainability.

DAY-6
• WHAT IS RESEARCH?
• WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

• WHY IS RESEARCH CONDUCTED?

Meaning of research- The term "basics of research" refers to the fundamental ideas
and precepts that direct the investigation, including developing a research question,
recognizing variables, and comprehending methodologies. It entails methodical re-
search to validate preexisting information or uncover new information. The steps in
the research process are organized and include problem identification, literature re-
view, hypothesis formulation, data collection, analysis, and conclusion drawing.
This procedure guarantees that results are reliable, impartial, and repeatable, adding
to the corpus of knowledge in a particular field. It places a strong emphasis on prob-
lem-solving, critical thinking, and drawing conclusions supported by evidence.

On Day 6, we learned what research is and why it matters in business and academics.
Research is conducted to find new information or solve problems. The main goal is
to gather knowledge for better decision-making. Research is important because it
helps identify and maintain relevance in a competitive market—this relevance gives
businesses and individuals the essential edge they need. This session highlighted the
importance of quality research, which drives innovation, growth, and long-term
planning.
DAY-7
• REVIEW OF LITERATURE
• IMPORTANCE

On Day 7, we explored how to conduct research using various online platforms and
databases to find credible information. We learned how to identify reliable sources,
compare, and analyze data. We also discussed the review of literature, which in-
volves examining previous research on a topic. This process helps us understand a
subject, identify gaps, and support our work with established findings. Overall, this
session significantly enhanced our research and analytical skills for future projects.

DAY-8

. BUSINESS SIMULATION
We played a business simulation game where we received a loan of ₹200 at the start
of the month. We had to repay ₹250, including interest, by the 29th. We also needed
to pay ₹100 in rent on the 27th, and each day was assigned for specific activities.
(Here, members of the teams in charge of purchasing raw materials are carrying out
the same task. They made the decision to invest the chosen sum in raw materials.)

THURSDAY: Loan day at the beginning of the month

FRIDAY: Planning where to invest
SATURDAY: Visit Mike's supermarket for personal expenses
SUNDAY: Rest
MONDAY: Buy raw materials (each at ₹40)
TUESDAY: Manufacture products
WEDNESDAY: Sell
The game taught us about the dynamics of business and how it works in practice.

DAY 9:
• RESEARCH PAPER
• CITATION
On Day 9, we learned about research papers, their structure, and the importance of
proper citation. Citations give credit to the original authors, help avoid plagiarism,
and improve the credibility of our work. The session highlighted how well-refer-
enced research strengthens arguments and shows academic honesty, making it es-
sential for scholarly or professional writing.

DAY 10:
• REPORT (INTERNSHIP)
• PRESENTATION ON GROUP SURVEY
• CONCLUSION OF INTERNSHIP ON LAST DAY
On Day 10, the last day of our internship, we learned how to prepare an internship
report, including its format and key parts. We also worked on group survey presen-
tations, where each group shared its findings and insights. The day ended with re-
flections on our 10-day journey. This internship gave us practical experience, im-
proved our research and communication skills, and deepened our understanding of
entrepreneurship. It was a valuable experience that connected theoretical knowledge
with real-world application.
CHAPTER-4
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION AND LITERATURE RE-
VIEW (BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN J&K AFTER THE ARTICLE 370
AND 35A ABROGATION)

Introduction- This chapter explores the new business opportunities that have
emerged in Jammu & Kashmir after the abrogation of Articles 370 and 35A. It high-
lights the region's growing potential for investment, entrepreneurship, and develop-
ment across sectors like tourism, real estate, agriculture, and infrastructure.

Objective- The objectives of this chapter are to analyze the impact of the abro-
gation of Articles 370 and 35A on the business environment in Jammu & Kashmir,
identify emerging sectors with investment potential, and assess how policy changes
have influenced entrepreneurship and economic growth in the region. It also aims to
explore challenges and suggest strategies for sustainable business development.

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
The abolition of Article 370 has brought opportunities and important challenges in
Jammu and Kashmir. Unemployment rose to 22.4 percent in August 2019, and while
there are opportunities to develop new and emerging sectors, job creation has still
been slow. The continuing political instability and lockdown, along with the com-
munication blackout, has made it unclear how businesses are to facilitate operation,
and long-term investments have become uncertain. Although planned infrastructure
development is in progress, sectarian divisions are hindering notions of permanence
perceived in both the tourism and industrial sectors, and the absence of a basic astute
infrastructure was further tested by the pandemic. Initiatives such as Hausla and
Tejaswini indicate steps towards creating spaces for women's empowerment efforts
and inclusion, but conceptualizing inclusion in economic activity is not limited to
gender. Investor confidence continues to remain absent because of uncertainties sur-
rounding land ownership. Some sectors, including handicrafts and agriculture, will
remain stagnant for the foreseeable future, encumbered by regulations, and a lack of
clarity surrounding marketing, and how those initiatives link to national and global
market access.

Solutions- A combination of measures are needed for business opportunities to

be realized in Jammu & Kashmir beyond the potential opportunities that may arise
from the abrogation of Articles 370 and 35A. First, there needs to be some policy
support, such as tax incentives, subsidies and single-window clearance for potential
investors and startups. Furthermore, in addition to these policy measures, there needs
to be investment in infrastructure (transportation, electricity, and Internet). Without
these elements, start-ups, and even existing businesses, will not be able to operate
effectively. Secondly, skills development will be a key initiative for young people
who will have opportunity to become not only employees but entrepreneurs. Thirdly,
the area must promote and brand its traditional sectors, such as handicrafts, horticul-
ture, and tourism. Fourthly, simplifying regulations and regulations in attracting Pri-
vate Sector investors. Finally, for investment to be realized, leaders need to provide
a secure, peaceful environment for the investment. This is vital to development and
usually takes a long time to develop trust. Additionally, in the main sectors (real
estate, education and agriculture), promoting the use of Public-Private Partnerships
(PPP) will bring together the interest of the Private Sector with the interests to de-
velop the economy for the benefit of a long-term capacity for Jammu & Kashmir
economy as a whole. As a combination, they all will positively contribute to a sus-
tainable, inclusive business ecosystem.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Sno Author(s) Year Title Journal Findings

.
1 Bilal Ahmad June Impact of Ab- South India Unemployment
Mir, K. So- 2024 rogation of Ar- Journal of So- rose to 22.4% in
masundaran ticle 370 on cial Sciences Aug 2019; posi-
Tourism and tive perception
Development: of tourism mar-
A Study of keting post-370.
Kashmir Valley
2 Ishan Khan, Jan Skilling, Entre- Translation Advocates lev-
Priya Sharma 2024 preneurship & Studies eraging tourism,
Job Creation in handicrafts,
Kashmir After hospitality, and
Revocation of ancillary indus-
Article 370 – A tries.
Perspective
3 Ishan Khan, 2024 A Study on De- Translation Discusses gov-
Priya Sharma velopmental In- Studies ernment initia-
itiatives in J&K tives to improve
After Article infrastructure,
370 education, and
training.
4 Irshad Ah- 2021 Impact of Arti- Vidhyayana Claims removal
mad cle 370’s Abro- Journal of Mul- of investment
gation on the tidisciplinary barriers led to
Society, Polity E-Journal development,
and Economy jobs, peace.
 of Jammu and
Kashmir
5 Mir et al. 2021 Youth Aspira- Regional Eco- Highlights op-
tions and Ex- nomic Devel- portunities in
pectations of opment Re- tourism, horti-
Economic Re- search culture, handi-
covery of crafts, ICT, etc.
Jammu and
Kashmir in In-
dia after Abro-
gation of Arti-
cle 370
6 Dr. Uma C 2024 An Impact of Journal of Hu- Central laws
Swadimath, Abrogation of nan University protecting
Dr. Shalini Article 370 in Natural Sci- women and
Acharya Jammu and ences children's rights
Kashmir on are gradually
Women Em- implemented.
powerment
7 Sofia Aslam, 2021 Youth Aspira- Regional Eco- Self-employ-
Falendra Ku- tions and Ex- nomic Devel- ment in tourism,
mar Sudan pectations of opment Re- horticulture, and
Economic Re- search handicrafts seen
covery of as key.
Jammu and
Kashmir in In-
dia after Abro-
gation of Arti-
cle 370
8 Dr. Vinit Ku- 2022 A Study of Journal of Pub- Promises
mar Jha, Dr. Government lic Relations growth, indus-
Rakesh Advertisements and Advertising trialization, job
 Kumar Gos- on Article 370 opportunities,
wami in Jammu & export potential.
Kashmir
9 Rashid, H 2021 Impact of Arti- South Asian Surge in domes-
cle 370 Abro- Economic Jour- tic and interna-
gation on Busi- nal tional invest-
ness and Eco- ments, opened
nomic Oppor- economy.
tunities in
Jammu and
Kashmir
10 The Quint 2023 Has Jammu and The Quint Land scarcity,
(Irfan Amin Kashmir esp. under mili-
Malik) Gained from tary control,
Industrialisa- hinders indus-
tion After Ab- trial growth.
rogation of Ar-
ticle 370?
11 Shahid Qadir, 2024 Jammu and Global Journal Noted internet
Manoj Kashmir Post of Human-So- blackouts, cur-
Kumar, Amir Article 370: A cial Science fews, and edu-
Dar Comparative cational disrup-
Overview of tions post-abro-
the Shifts gation.
12 Bilal Mir 2024 Impact of Ab- South India Found boost in
rogation of Ar- Journal of So- tourism and in-
ticle 370 on cial Sciences frastructure, but
Tourism and noted political
Development: unrest.
A Study of
Kashmir Valley
13 Ishan Khan, Jan A Study on De- Tribal Studies: Entrepreneurial
Priya Sharma 2024 velopmental In- A Journal of intent strong
itiatives in J&K COATS among tourism
After Article students, driven
370 by education.
14 Muneer 2022 Entrepreneurial Int'l Journal of Emphasized
Ahmad Kash- Intention of Knowledge skilling youth,
kari, Faizan Tourism and Management & local startups,
Ashraf Mir Hospitality Stu- Practices and entrepre-
dents in Kash- neurship.
mir
15 Nikunj 2022 A Study on So- (Journal Not Positive percep-
Gupta, Arpita cio Economic Specified) tion of Article
Baijal Effect of Scrap- 370 removal;
ping Article social develop-
370 in Jammu ment linked.
and Kashmir
16 Aishani Mo- 2024 Status of IJALR – Int’l Land and in-
han, Shilpa Jammu, Kash- Journal of Ad- vestment re-
Mehrotra mir & Ladakh vanced Legal strictions lifted;
after Abroga- Research women's em-
tion of Article powerment
370: A Critical boosted.
Analysis
17 Abdul Gani, 2021 Rebuilding Worldwide Moderate tour-
Ramjit Singh, Tourist Desti- Hospitality and ism prepared-
Ashaq nations from Tourism ness; need for
Hussain Crisis: A Com- Themes better crisis re-
Najar parative Study silience.
of Jammu and
Kashmir and
Assam, India
 18 Dhriti Anil 2019 Abrogation of Int’l Journal of National secu-
Kawale, Mo- Article 370 Legal Science rity improved;
hak Agrawal and Innovation equal rights en-
sured for mar-
ginalized
groups.
19 Agnieszka 2022 Human Rights — Frequent lock-
Kuszewska after Article downs, inter-
370 Abrogation net/phone
blackouts noted
post-abrogation.
20 Raushan Ku- 2024 The Role of — Preliminary
mar, Niranjan Tourism in the tourism policy
Deo Pathak, Economic De- made, empha-
Shiv velopment of sizing infra-
Swaroop Jha Jammu and structure and
Kashmir Re- education.
gion

CHAPTER-5
CONCLUSION

(My experience related to JKEDI)

My internship at the Jammu and Kashmir Entrepreneurship Development Institute
(JKEDI) was a transformative experience connecting academic learning with prac-
tical, real-world exposure. Over ten days, I developed a deeper understanding of how
entrepreneurship can be a powerful tool for addressing unemployment, promoting
self-reliance, and driving inclusive growth, especially in a region undergoing signif-
icant economic and political shifts following the revocation of Article 370.
The program provided a balanced mix of theoretical learning and practical engage-
ment through market surveys, startup simulations, research training, and exposure
to real entrepreneurial challenges. These activities helped me build essential skills
such as critical thinking, communication, and adaptability, while also encouraging
an innovative mindset.
JKEDI’s mission to empower youth, women, and economically disadvantaged pop-
ulations through entrepreneurship is not just timely but necessary. The institute’s
emphasis on skill-building, mentorship, funding access, and ecosystem development
reflects a long-term vision for sustainable economic progress in Jammu and Kash-
mir. This internship has inspired me to consider entrepreneurship as a meaningful
career path and equipped me with the confidence and motivation to contribute to
economic development in my own capacity.

(Conclusion of findings related to business opportunities in J&K after Article

370 and 35A abrogation)
The abrogation of Article 370 has had a multifaceted impact on Jammu and Kash-
mir’s socio-economic landscape. On one hand, it opened avenues for national laws,
increased investments, infrastructure development, tourism promotion, and women
empowerment. Government initiatives and entrepreneurship programs have espe-
cially targeted youth through skill development, tourism, handicrafts, and hospitality
industries, fostering job creation and self-employment. On the other hand, chal-
lenges such as internet blackouts, political unrest, land scarcity, and crisis prepared-
ness have hindered smooth economic growth. While the region has seen positive
shifts in perception towards development and industrialization, the success of these
changes depends on sustained policy efforts, peace, and inclusive growth. Overall,
the post-370 environment reflects a mix of opportunities and challenges, requiring a
balanced approach to ensure long-term stability and prosperity in Jammu and Kash-
mir.
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