Prof.
Hassan Abdalla
Objectives
1. Understand the concept of percentage: Students should be able to define what a percentage is and
understand its relationship with fractions and decimals.
1. Calculate percentages: Students should be able to perform percentage calculations in various
contexts, such as determining a percentage of a quantity, finding the percentage change, and calculating
the percentage difference.
1. Apply percentage in real-world situations: Students should be able to identify and apply the
percentage concept in everyday situations, such as discounts, taxes, commissions, and interest rates.
The lesson plan will be designed to achieve these objectives through a combination of direct instruction,
guided practice, and independent application.
Introduction (10-15 minutes)
1. Review of prior knowledge: Begin the lesson by reviewing related concepts that students should
already be familiar with, such as fractions and decimals. This can be done through a quick oral review or
a short quiz.
1. Problem situations: Present two problem situations that involve the use of percentages. For
example:
◦ "If a shirt originally costs $50 and is on sale for 20% off, how much will the shirt cost after the
discount?"
◦ "If a savings account offers an annual interest rate of 2%, how much interest will be earned on a
deposit of $1,000 after one year?"
1. Contextualization: Explain the importance of percentages in everyday life, highlighting how they are
used in various situations, such as shopping, paying taxes, investing money, etc.
1. Introduction to the topic: Finally, introduce the topic of the lesson - percentages. Explain that a
percentage is a way to express a number as a fraction of 100, and that it is a very useful tool for
comparing quantities and understanding proportions.
1. Capture students' attention: To make the topic more interesting, share some fun facts about
percentages. For example, "Did you know that the word 'percentage' comes from the Latin word 'per
centum', which means 'per hundred'?" or "Did you know that the first recorded use of the percentage
symbol (%) was in 1480?"
Development (20-25 minutes)
1. Theory: Introduce the theoretical concepts of percentage. Explain that a percentage is a way to
express a number as a fraction of 100. For example, 25% means 25 out of every 100.
1. Percentage formula: Present the percentage formula:
Part
Percentage= ×100
Whole
where "Part" is the part of the whole that we want to express as a percentage, and "Whole" is the total
amount.
1. Calculating percentage of a quantity: Show how to calculate the percentage of a quantity. For
example, to calculate 20% of $50, we would do:
20
Therefore, 20% of $50 is $10.
1. Calculating percentage change: Explain how to calculate the percentage change. For example, if a
shirt that originally cost $50 is now on sale for $40, we can calculate the percentage change:
New −Old
PercentageChange= × 100
Old
In this case, the new price is $40 and the old price is $50, so we would do:
40 −50
PercentageChange= × 100=− 20
50
Therefore, the shirt had a 20% decrease in price.
1. Calculating percentage difference: Show how to calculate the percentage difference. For example, if
a shirt originally cost $50 and is now on sale for $40, we can calculate the percentage difference:
New − Old
PercentageDifference= ×100
New +Old
2
In this case, the new price is $40 and the old price is $50, so we would do:
40 −50
PercentageDifference= ×100=−20
40 +50
2
Therefore, the percentage difference between the two prices is 20%.
1. Practice exercises: After explaining the theory, have students practice solving problems involving
percentages. Provide a variety of exercises, including calculating percentages of quantities, percentage
changes, and percentage differences.
1. Group discussion: Have students discuss their answers in groups. This will allow them to learn from
each other and clarify any doubts they may have.
1. Teacher feedback: Provide feedback to students on their answers. Correct any errors and explain
why the correct answer is what it is.
Return (10-15 minutes)
1. Review of concepts: Begin the Return stage by reviewing the main concepts that were covered in the
lesson. Recap the definition of percentage, the percentage formula, and the different types of percentage
calculations (percentage of a quantity, percentage change, and percentage difference).
1. Connection to practice: Next, make the connection between theory and practice. Ask students to
share the answers they found in their practice exercises, and discuss how they applied the percentage
concepts to solve them.
1. Discussion of problem situations: Revisit the problem situations presented in the Introduction and
ask students to explain how they would use the percentage concepts to solve them. This will help
reinforce the idea that percentages are useful tools for solving real-world problems.
1. Self-assessment: Ask students to assess their own understanding of the topic. They can do this by
answering questions like: "What was the most important concept I learned today?" and "What questions
do I still have?"
1. Teacher feedback: Provide feedback to students on their self-assessments. Clarify any
misunderstandings and address any questions they may have.
1. Final reflection: Finally, ask students to reflect on the lesson as a whole. They can do this by
answering questions like: "What did I learn today?" and "How can I apply what I learned in my everyday
life?"
1. Preparation for the next lesson: Inform students about what will be covered in the next lesson and
how they can prepare for it. For example, you can tell them that the next lesson will be about proportions
and ratios, and that they can prepare by reviewing the concepts of fractions and decimals.
Conclusion (5-10 minutes)
1. Summary of the lesson: Recap the main points covered in the lesson, reviewing the definition of
percentage, the percentage formula, and the different types of percentage calculations. Emphasize the
importance of percentages in everyday life and how they can be used to solve real-world problems.
1. Connection between theory, practice, and applications: Highlight how the lesson connected the
theory of percentage with practice, through the resolution of exercises and the discussion of problem
situations. Reinforce how percentage calculations are applied in various everyday situations, such as
shopping, paying taxes, investing money, etc.
1. Extra materials: Suggest some extra materials for students who want to deepen their understanding
of the topic. This could include math books, educational websites, explanatory videos on YouTube,
among others.
1. Importance of the topic: Finally, emphasize the importance of the topic for students' everyday lives.
Explain that the ability to calculate and understand percentages is an essential skill that can help them
make more informed financial decisions, understand news and advertisements more critically, and solve
problems more effectively.
1. Preparation for the next lesson: Prepare students for the next lesson by informing them about what
will be covered and how they can prepare for it. For example, you can tell them that the next lesson will
be about proportions and ratios, and that they can prepare by reviewing the concepts of fractions and
decimals.
1. Feedback and doubts: Encourage students to provide feedback on the lesson and to ask any
questions they may have. This will help you adjust your future lessons to meet the needs and interests of
your students.
