QUESTION AND ANSWER SOLVAY PROCESS
1.the flow chart below is for the manufacture of sodium carbonate by the solvay process .use it to
answer the question that follow
Brine ammoniacal Tower p filter
Filter
Brine Gas Q
Heating
Gas M limestone
Add Chamber G
Add water Solid X
Chamber K
l
Heat
Na2CO3
L
(i)Name gas M Ammonia gas
Q Carbon IV oxide gas
(ii)Name solution F and solid X
F: Ammonium chloride
X: sodium hydrogen carbonate
(iii) Name the product L formed and give one of its uses
Calcium chloride
Used as a drying agent
(iv) Write equation of the reactions in
Tower P
NaCl(s)+NH3(g)+CO2(g)+H2O(l) NH4Cl(aq)+NaHCO3(s)
Chamber K
2NH4Cl(aq)+Ca(OH)2(aq) CaCl2(s)+2H2O(l)+2NH3(g)
(v)State two uses of sodium carbonate
Used in glass making
Used in paper making
2.Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow
Brine
Chamber Solvay Filter
D tower T
Gas f
Liquid H solid P
Chamber S
limestone
H2O
Na2CO3
Chamber N CaCl2
(a)Identify
(i)Gas F Carbon IV Oxide
(ii) Liquid H Ammonium Chloride
(iii)Solid P Sodium hydrogen carbonate
(b)State one use of calcium chloride
Used as a drying agent
(c)Give one reason why such a plant should be cited near a river
To cool the carbonator
(d)Explain how ammonical brine is formed
When sodium chloride combines with ammonia gas
(e) write equations for the reaction occurring in chamber
N Ca(OH)2(aq)+NH4Cl(aq) CaCl2(s)+NH3(g)+H2O(l)
S 2NaHCO3 heat Na2CO3(s)+H2Ol)+CO2(g)
(f) State one use of sodium hydrogen carbonate
Used to make health drinks
3.the flow chart below is for the manufacture of sodium carbonate by solvay process .use it to
answer the questions that follow
A B TOWER LIME KILN
C D limestone
Na2CO3(s) SUBSTANCE N
CO2(g) REACTION G
H2O(g) CHAMBER
NH4Cl
WATER
REACTION
H2O(l) CHAMBER E
CaCl2(aq) REACTION
CHAMBER F
NH3(g)
(i)Name substance N
Calcium oxide
(ii) Explain the use of water in chamber E
Used to react with calcium oxide to form calcium hydroxide
(iii) Name the two raw materials required in the starting chamber A for manufacture of sodium
carbonate
Sodium chloride
Calcium chloride
Ammonia
Coke
(iv) write an equation for the reaction taking place in tower C
CO2(g)+NH3(g)+NaCl(aq)+H2O(l) NaHCO3(s)+NH4Cl9aq)
(v)Name the major process taking place at G
Filtration
4. The flow chart below is for the manufacture of sodium carbonate by solvay process .Use it to answer
the questions that follow
A Solvay tower
Chamber X
heat
Chamber Y
slaker
C heat CO2(g)
E kiln CO2(g)
Sodium carbonate
(a) Name the substances labeled A-C
A. Ammonia
B . Calcium hydroxide
C . Calcium oxide
(b) Identify subsatance E and wrute the chemical equation for the reaction in the kiln
Substance E limestone
Equation CaCO3(s) heat CaO(s)+CO2(g)
(c) Name the by-products that are recycled
Ammonia
Carbon IV Oxide
(d) Explain why there is need of large amount of water in the experiment
The water is used cool the carbonator regularly to reduce the amount of heat produced
(e)Name the other by product that is not recycled in the solvay process and state its use
By product calcium chloride
Uses used as a drying agent
(f) Name two uses of sodium hydrogen carbonate
Used in making health drinks
Used as a banking powder in the food industry
5. Below is a simplified flow chart showing steps in manufacture of sodium carbonate
limestone
CO2 CaO
Substance X
Substance W
Ammonical Substance W+NaHCO3
brine
NaHCO3
brine
Na2CO3
(a) What is the chemical name of brine
Sodium chloride
(b)Identify the substance
X Ammonia
W Ammonium chloride
(c) Name the process taking place in
Step ii filtration
Step iii decomposition
(d) write the chemical equation taking place for the reaction
(i) leading to formation of substance W and NaHCO3
NH3(g0+CO2(g)+H2O(l)+NaCl(aq) NaHCO3(s)+NH4Cl(aq)
(ii) taking place in step ii
2NaHCO3(s) heat Na2CO3(s)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
