Selina Concise Mathematics Class 10 Solutions Chapter 17 1
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anandrajkumarsharma6Selina Concise Mathematics Class 10 Solutions Chapter 17 1
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anandrajkumarsharma6ICSE Selina Solutions for Grade 10
Mathematics
Chapter 17 - Circles
Exercise-17A
Long Answer Type
1. In the given figure O is the centre of the circle. ∠AOB and ∠OCB are 30
and 40 respectively. Find AOC. Show your steps of working.
Ans: On joining the points A and C we get the triangles AOC and ABC.
In AOC ,
OAC x and OCA x [∵ OA=OC (radius)]
AOC 180 OAC OCA
Class X Mathematics [Link] 1
AOC 180 2x ------(1)
In ABC
∠BAC= 30 x
BCA 40 x
We know that in a triangle sum of angles is 180
ABC 180 BAC BCA
180 30 x 40 x
110 2x
Since the angle at centre is double the angle at the circumference subtended by the
same chord.
AOC 2ABC
180 2 x 2 110 2 x
4x 2x 220 180
2x 40
x 20
So from eq.1 the value of AOC is:
AOC 180 2x 180 40 140
2. In the given figure, BAD 65 , ABD 70 , BDC 45
Class X Mathematics [Link] 2
(i). Prove that AC is diameter of the circle
Ans:
In ADB
ADB DAB ABD 180
ADB 65 70 180
ADB 180 135 45
Since, ADC ADB BDC
ADC 45 45 90
ADC 90
Hence the triangle ADC is a right angled triangle and we know that when a
triangle is inserted in a circle in such a way that the triangle is a right triangle then
one of the sides of the triangle is the diameter of the circle, Hence AC is the
diameter of triangle.
(ii). Find ACB
Ans: We know that angles in the same segments of circle are equal.
ACB ADB [∵ ADB 45 ]
Hence, ACB 45
Class X Mathematics [Link] 3
3. Given O is the centre of the circle and AOB 70 , Calculate the value of :
(i). OCA
Ans: We know that the angle at the centre is double
the angle at the circumference subtended by the same chord.
AOB 2ACB
70
So the value of ACB 35
2
ACB and OAC are b/w the same line segments.
Hence ACB OCA 35 ------(1)
(ii). OAC
Ans:∵ OA=OC (radii of circle)
Thus the values
OCA OAC 35 [from eq.1]
4. In each of the following figures, O is the centre of the circle. Find the values
of a,b and c.
(i).
Class X Mathematics [Link] 4
Ans: The angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference subtended by
the same chord.
2b 130
1
b 130 65
2
By the theorem, the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
Hence a b 180
a 65 180
a 180 65 115
Thus the values of a and b are respectively 115 &65 .
(ii)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 5
Ans: Given, central angle = 112
Reflex angle of 112 = 360 112 248
We know that the angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference by
the same arc.
Hence, 2c Reflex angle of 112
2c 248
248
c 124
2
Thus the value of angle c is 124 .
5. In each of the following figures, O is the centre of the circle. Find the values
of a,b,c and d.
(i).
Ans: Here O is the centre of the circle and BD is the Diameter of the given circle
and side of the triangle ABD as well.
We know the angle at the semicircle is a right angle triangle. Hence DAB 90
The sum of angles in a triangle is 180
DAB ADB DBA 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 6
90 ADB 35 180 [Given DBA 35 ]
ADB 180 125 55
We know that angles in the same segment of circle are always equal.
ADB ACB
a 55 [ ADB 55 and ACB a ]
Thus the value of a is 55 .
(ii).
Ans: In a circle angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are
always equal. Angles DAC and DBC are subtended by the chord DC.
DAC DBC 25
By the exterior angle property the exterior angle in a triangle is equal to the sum of
opposite interior angles.
b 25 120
b 95
Thus the value of b is 95
(iii).
Class X Mathematics [Link] 7
Ans:
We know that the angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same chord.
AOB 2. ACB
AOB 2 50 100
Also, OA=OB (Radii of the circle)
Hence the AOB is an isosceles triangle.
So, OAB OBA c
The sum of angles in a triangle is always 180
OAB AOB OBA 180
c AOB c 180
2c 180 100
80
c 40
2
Thus the value of c is 40 .
(IV).
Class X Mathematics [Link] 8
Ans: Given, angle PBA 45
AB is the diameter of the circle hence APB is a right angle triangle and we know
that angle in the semicircle is a right triangle. So ( APB 90 ).
The sum of angles in a triangle is always 180
PAB PBA APB 180
PAB 45 90 180
PAB 180 135
PAB 45 ---------(1)
Now, the angles subtended by the same chord are equal. Here the angels PAB
and PCB subtended by the chord PB.
Hence PAB PCB
From eq. 1
PCB PAB 45
d 45 [ PCB =d]
Thus the value of angle d is 45 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 9
6. In the figure, AB is the common chord of the two circles. If AC and AD are
diameters; prove that D,B and C are in a straight line. O1 and O 2 are the
centres of two circles.
Ans:
Given, O1 and O2 are the centres of the circles.
Here AD and AC are the diameter of the circles. So the angles DBA and ABC
are in the semicircles and we know that the angle in the semicircle is a right angle.
Hence, DBA CBA 90
On Adding both the angles
DBA CBA 90 90 180
Thus D,B and C form a straight line.
7. In the figure, given below, find:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 10
i BCD,
(ii). ADC ,
(iii). ABC .
Show steps of your working.
(i). BCD
Ans:
(i). In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is always 180 .
DAB BCD 180
Given, DAB 105
Now, 105 BCD 180
BCD 180 105
BCD 75
Thus the value of BCD is 75 .
(ii). ADC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 11
Ans: From the figure, AB || CD , and we know that the sum of interior angles on the
same side of parallel lines is 180 .
BAD ADC 180
ADC 180 105 75
Thus the value of ABC is 75 .
(iii). ABC
Ans: In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles is always 180 .
ADC ABC 180
ABC 180 75 105
Thus the value of ABC is 105 .
8. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle. If AOB 140 and
OAC 50 , find:
(i). ACB
Ans: Given, AOB 140 and OAC 50
Reflex angle of AOB is 360 140 220
We know that the angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference.
Reflex angle of AOB 2ACB
Class X Mathematics [Link] 12
1
ACB Reflex angleof AOB
2
1
ACB 220 110
2
Thus the angle ACB is 110 .
(ii). OAB,
Ans: Since OA=OB (Radii of circle)
Hence OAB OBA ---------(1)
And we know that the sum of angles of a triangle
is always 180 .
So, OAB AOB OBA 180
From eq. 1
2OBA 180 140 40
OBA 20
∵ OAB OBA
So, OAB OBA 20
Thus the value of OAB is 20 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 13
(iii). OBC
Ans: In ACB
ACB CBA CAB 180
CAB 50 OAB 50 20 30
110 CBA 30 180
CBA 180 140 40 ------(2)
Since, OBC OBA CBA 40 20 60
(iv). CBA,
Ans: In ABC,
From eq. 2 the value of CBA is 40 .
9. Calculate:
(i). CDB,
Ans: We know that the angle subtended by the same chord on the circle is equal.
Here in the given circle CDB and BAC are subtended by the chord BC.
Hence CDB BAC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 14
BAC 49
So, CDB 49
Thus the value of CDB is 49 .
(ii). ABC ,
Ans: The angle subtended by the same chord on the circle is equal.
Here in the given circle ADC and ABC are subtended by the chord AC.
Hence ADC ABC
ADC 43
So, ABC 43
Thus the value of ABC is 43 .
(iii). ACB
Ans: By the angle sum property the sum of angles in a triangle is 180 .
In ACB ,
ACB BAC ABC 180
ACB 49 43 180
ACB 180 92 88
Thus the value of ACB is 88 .
10. In the figure, given below, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which
BAD 75 ; ABD 58 and ADC 77 . Find:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 15
(i). BDC ,
Ans:
By the angle sum property we know that the sum
of all interior angles in a triangle is 180 .
In ADB
ADB ABD BAD 180
ADB 58 75 180
ADB 180 133 47
ADC ADB BDC
77 47 BDC [Given ADC 77 ]
BDC 77 47 30
Thus the value of BDC is 30 .
(ii). BCD,
Ans: By the property of cyclic quadrilaterals, the opposite angles of a cyclic
quadrilateral are supplementary. Here BAD and BCD are opposite angles.
So, BAD BCD 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 16
75 BCD 180 [From the figure, BAD 75 ]
BCD 180 75 105
Thus the value of BCD is 105 .
(iii). BCA
Ans: Angles subtended by the same chord in the same segment of a circle are
always equal. Here the angels BCA amd ADB are subtended by the chord AB.
Hence, BCA ADB
ADB 47
Then, BCA 47
Thus the value of BCA is 47 .
11. In the following figure, O is the centre of the circle and ABC is
equilateral.
Find:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 17
(i). ADB
Ans: Given that ABC is an equilateral triangle.
So all the angles will be equal.
So, In ABC
ACB ABC CAB
ACB ABC CAB 180
3ACB 180
ACB 60
We know that angles subtended by the same chord are always equal, Here ACB
and ADB are subtended by the chord AB.
Hence, ADB ACB 60
Thus the value of ADB is 60 .
(ii). AEB
Ans: Join OA and OB.
The angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference of the circle by the
same chord.
AOB 2ACB
Class X Mathematics [Link] 18
ACB 60
∴ AOB 2 60 120
Here the reflex angle of AOB will be double the angle AEB as these are
subtended by the same chord AB.
Hence, Reflex angle of AOB 2AEB
1
AEB Reflex angleof AOB
2
AEB 360 120 240 120
1 1
2 2
Thus the value of AEB is 120 .
[Link]: CAB 75 and CBA 50 . Find the value of DAB ABD.
Ans: By the angle sum property the sum of angles in a triangle is always 180 .
In ABC ,
CAB ABC ACB 180
75 50 ACB 180 [Given CAB 75 &CBA 50 ]
ACB 180 125 55
The angle subtended by the same chord is always equal.
Here ACB and ADB are subtended by the chord AB.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 19
Hence, ADB ACB 55
In ADB ,
DAB ABD ADB 180
DAB ABD 180 55 125
Therefore the value of DAB ABD is 125 .
13. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in a circle with centre O. If ADC 130 ,
find BAC.
Ans: We know that the angle made in a semicircle is the right angle.
Here AB is a diameter and ACB will be the right angle.
So, ACB 90
In a cyclic quadrilateral, opposite angles are supplementary.
So, ADC ABC 180
ABC 180 130 50
Now, By using angle sum property in ABC
ABC BAC ACB 180
50 BAC 90 180 [ ABC 50 , ABC 90 ]
BAC 180 140 40
Class X Mathematics [Link] 20
Thus the value of angle BAC is 40 .
14. In the figure, given alongside, AOB is a diameter of the circle and
AOC 110 , find BDC .
Ans: First we join points A and D.
In a circle the angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same chord.
AOC 2ADC
1
ADC 110 55
2
Now, Angle made in the semicircle is a right angle. Here angle ADB is the angle
subtended by the diameter AB so this is the angle made in semicircle. Hence
ADB is the right angle.
Therefore, ADB 90
Since, ADB ADC BDC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 21
90 55 BDC
BDC 35
Thus the value of angle BDC is 35 .
[Link] the following figure, O is the centre of the circle, AOB 60 and
BDC 100 . Find OBC .
Ans: In a circle the angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference by
the same chord. Here angle AOB is the angle at centre and ACB at
circumference subtended by the same arc AB.
Hence, AOB 2ACB
1 1
ACB AOB 60 30
2 2
In BOC , By using the angle sum property
BOC OBC OCB 180
100 OBC 30 180 [∵ OCB ACB ]
OBC 180 130 50
Thus the value of OBC is 50 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 22
16. In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD, DAC 27 ; DBA 50 and ADB 33 .
Calculate:
(i). DBC ,
Ans: In a circle, Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are
equal. Here the DAC and DBC are subtended by the chord DC.
Hence DAC DBC
DBC 27 [∵ DAC 27 ]
So the value of DBC is 27
(ii). DCB,
Ans: In a circle, Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are
equal.
DCA DBA 50 1 [Subtended by the same chord AD]
ACB ADB 33 2 [Subtended by the same chord AB]
From the figure,
DCB DCA ACB
From eq. 1 and eq.2 DCA 50 & ACB 33
Class X Mathematics [Link] 23
DCB 50 33 83
So the value of DCB is 83 .
(iii). CAB.
Ans: In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles is 180 .
DCB DAB 180
DAB 180 83 97
DAC CAB 97 [∵ DAB DAC CAB ]
CAB 97 27 70
Thus the value of CAB is 70 .
17. In the figure given alongside, AB and CD are straight lines through the
centre O of a circle. If AOC 80 and CDE 40 , find the number of
degrees in:
(i). DCE
Ans: The angle made in a semicircle is the right angle. Here CD is the diameter so
the angle CED will be at the right angle. Hence CED 90 .
Now, By using the angle sum property in CDE .
CED CDE DCE 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 24
90 40 DCE 180
DCE 180 130 50
Thus the value of DCE is 50 .
(ii). ABC
Ans: We know that In a triangle the exterior angle is equal to the sum of a pair of
opposite angles.
In BOC ,
AOC is the exterior angle.
AOC OCB OBC
80 50 OBC
OBC 30
Since, ABC OBC 30
Thus the value of ABC is 30 .
18. In the given figure, AC is the diameter of a circle,whosecentre is O. A
circle is described on AO as diameter. AE, is a chord of the larger circle,
intersects the smaller circle at B. Prove that AB=BE.
Ans: First we join points B and O.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 25
Now In triangle ABO The side OA is also the diameter of a smaller circle.
Hence the ABO is a right angle triangle. And the angle ABO 90 .
So, AB OB AE OB
And we know that if we draw the perpendicular on the chord from the centre then
the perpendicular bisects the chord.
Hence, AB=BE.
19. (a). In the following figure,
(i). If BAD 96 , find BCD and BFE.
Ans: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and we know that the sum of opposite angles
in a cyclic quadrilateral is 180 .
So, BAD BCD 180
96 BCD 180
BCD 180 96 84
Class X Mathematics [Link] 26
Now,
BCD BCE 180
BCE 180 84 96
Here BCEF is also a cyclic quadrilateral.
So, BCE BFE 180
BFE 180 96 84
Thus the value of BCD and BFE are respectively 96 and 84 .
(ii). Prove that AD is parallel to FE.
Ans: ADEF is a cyclic quadrilateral
Here BAD BFE 96 84 180
BAD BFE 180
Here BAD and BFE are co-interior angles on the same side of a pair of lines
AD and EF.
By converse of co-interior angle theorem, if a transversal line intersects two lines
in such a way that the sum of a pair of co-interior angles is 180 then the lines are
parallel lines.
Hence, AD||EF.
(b). ABCD is a parallelogram. A circle through vertices A and B meets side
BC at point P and side AD at point Q. Show that quadrilateral PCDQ is
cyclic.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 27
Ans: ABPQ is cyclic quadrilateral.
PCD BAQ -----(1)(opposite angles of parallelogram)
BAQ QPC -------(2)(exterior angle of cyclic Quadrilateral)
From eq.(1)&(2)
PCD QPC ------(3)
Here ABCD is a parallelogram, So the sum of the co-interior angles on the same
side is 180 .
Hence, QDC PCD 180
From eq.(3) PCD QPC
QDC QPC 180
We know that if the sum of opposite angles of a quadrilateral is 180 then the
quadrilateral is a cyclic quadrilateral. Here QDC &QPC are the opposite
angles of quadrilateral PCDQ and we got the sum as 180 .
Therefore PCDQ is a cyclic quadrilateral.
[Link] that:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 28
(i)The parallelogram inside the circle is a rectangle.
Ans: (i)
Let ABCD is a parallelogram inside the circle.
In parallelogram, Opposite sides and opposite angles are equal.
Therefore, AB=CD and BAD BCD
Since, ABCD is also a cyclic quadrilateral.
So, BAD BCD 180
2BAD 180
BAD 90
Therefore, BAD BCD 90
Similarly, The other two angles will be right angles and the other pair of opposite
sides are equal. Hence all the respective sides are equal.
BAD BCD ABC ADC 90
AB=CD and BC=AD
So the parallelogram ABCD is a rectangle.
(ii). The rhombus, inscribed in a circle, is a square.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 29
Ans:
In a rhombus opposite angles are always equal.
Hence, BAD BCD
Here ABCD is also a cyclic quadrilateral.
So, BAD BCD 180
2BAD 180 [ BAD BCD ]
BAD 90
∴ BAD BCD 90
Similarly the other two angles are right angle and equal.
So, BAD BCD ADC ABC 90 and AB=BC=CD=AD.
Therefore the quadrilateral ABCD is a square.
21. In the given figure, AB=AC. Prove that DECB is an isosceles trapezium.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 30
Ans: Given AB=AC------(1)
At first we join the points D and E.
∵ AB=AC
Therefore ABC ACB DBC ECB
Here DBEC is a cyclic quadrilateral.
So, DEC DBC 180
DEC ECB 180
So, DE||BC and given AB=AC
∴ AED ACB and ADE ABC (Corresponding angles)
Hence, AED ADE
Therefore the sides AD=AE-----(2)
From eq.(1)-eq.(2)
AB AD AC AE
BD CE
DE || BC and BD CE
Therefore DECB is an isosceles trapezium.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 31
22. Two circles intersect at P and Q. Through P diameter PA and PB of the
two circles are drawn. Show that the points A, Q and B are collinear.
Ans:
Let O and O’are the centres of the two intersecting circles and PA and PB are the
diameters. Here Angles PQA and PQB are subtended by the diameters PA and
PB respectively, which means these angles are made in semicircle and we know
that if in a circle an angle is made in semicircle then that angle is right angle.
So, PQA and PQB are right angles.
PQA 90 and PQB 90
Now on adding the above angles,
PQA PQB 90 90 180
PQA PQB 180
Thus AQB is a straight line. Hence point A,Q and b are collinear points.
23. The figure given below, shows a circle with centre O.
Given: AOC a and ABC b.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 32
(i). Find the relationship between a and b.
Ans: We know that in a circle the angle at the centre is double the angle at any
point on circumference subtended by the same chord.
1
So, ABC Reflex AOC
2
From the given figure, ABC b and AOC a
b 360 a
1
2
2b 360 a
2b a 360 -----(1)
Thus the relation b/w a and b is 2b a 360
(ii). Find the measure of angle OAB, if OABC is a parallelogram.
Ans: Since OABC is a parallelogram, therefore opposite angles are equal i.e.
a=b
From eq.1
2a a 360
3a 360
a 120
Class X Mathematics [Link] 33
Since OABC is a parallelogram, Therefore opposite sides are parallel and sum of
corresponding angles is 180 .
So, OC||AB
COA OAB 180
a OAB 180 [ COA a ]
120 OAB 180
OAB 180 120 60
Thus the value of angle OAB is 60 .
24. Two chords AB and CD intersect at point P inside the circle. Prove that
the sum of the angles subtended by the arcs AC and BD at the centre O is
equal to twice the angle APC.
Ans:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 34
Ina circle the angle at the centre is double the angle at any point on circumference
subtended by the same chord.
AOC 2ADC ---------(1)
Similarly,
BOD 2BAD --------(2)
On adding eq. (1)&(2)
AOC BOD 2 ADC BAD ------------(3)
By the exterior angle property, In a triangle the exterior angle is equal to the sum
of the opposite angles.
Now in PAD by using the exterior angle property
APC BAD ADC -------------(4)
By eq. (3) & (4)
AOC BOD 2APC
Thus the sum of the angles subtended by the arcs AC and BD at the centre O is
equal to twice the angle APC.
25. In the given figure, RS is the diameter of the circle. NM is parallel to RS
and MRS 29 . Calculate:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 35
(i). RNM
Ans: First we join the point N to R and M to S as
Here RS is the diameter and angle RMS is the centre made in a circle and we
know that the angle made in the semicircle is the right angle.
So, RMS 90
By the angle sum property, the sum of the interior angles in a triangle is 180
In RMS ,
RMS RSM MRS 180
90 RSM 29 180
RSM 119 180
RSM 180 119 61
Since, NMRS is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180 .
RNM RSM 180
RNM 61 180 [∵ RSM 61 ]
RNM 180 61 119
Thus the value of RNM is 119 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 36
(ii). NRM
Ans: Since, NM||RS (Given)
NMR MRS 29 (Alternate angles)
Thus, NMS NMR RMS 29 90 119
In a cyclic quadrilateral the opposite angles are supplementary.
NRS NMS 180
NRM MRS 119 180
NRM 29 119 180
NRM 180 148 32
Thus the value of angle NRM is 32
26. In the figure, given alongside, AB//CD and O is the centre of the circle. If
ADC 25 find the angle AEB. Give reasons in support of your answer.
Ans: First we join the points A to C, B to D and B to C.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 37
We know that the angle made in a semicircle is the right angle. Here CD is the
diameter and CAD & CBD are subtended by the diameter CD so these angles
are made in semicircle. Hence
CAD CBD 90
From the figure, AB||CD and AD is a transversal line.
So, ADC BAD 25 (Alternate angle)
BAC BAD CAD
BAC 25 90 115
ABDC is a cyclic quadrilateral and we know that in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum
of opposite angles is 180 .
BAC BDC 180
115 BDC 180 [∵ BAC 115 ]
BDC 65
ADC ADB 65
ADB 65 25 40
In a circle, the angle subtended by the same chord on the circumference is always
equal. Here ADB and AEB are subtended by the chord AB.
Hence, AEB ADB 40
Class X Mathematics [Link] 38
Thus the value of angle AEB is 40 .
27. Two circles intersect at P and Q. Through P, a straight line APB is drawn
to meet the circles in A and B. Through Q, a straight line is drawn to meet the
circles at C and D. Prove that AC is parallel to BD.
Ans: At first we join the points AC , PQ and BD.
Since, APQC is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angle is 180 .
So, CAP PQC 180 ------(1)
Similarly, PBDQ is a cyclic quadrilateral.
DBP PQD 180 ----------(2)
Since, CQD is a straight line. Hence,
PQD PQC 180 ----------(3)
From eq.(1),(2)&(3)
CAP PQC DBP PQD 180 PQD PQC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 39
CAP DBP 180
CAP CAB & DBP DBA
CAB DBA 180
Here AB is transversal line and angles CAB and DBA are the interior angles on
the same side of the transversal. We know that if a transversal line intersects a pair
of straight line such that the sum of interior angles on the same side of transversal
is 180 then the lines are parallel.
Hence, AC||BD.
28. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AB and DC on being produced,
meet at P such that PA=PD. Prove that AD is parallel to BC.
Ans:
Given, PA=PD
Hence, PAD PDA ---------(1)
Here PAB and PDC are straight lines.
Therefore, PAD BAD 180
BAD 180 PAD --------(1)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 40
and, for straight line PDC
PDA CDA 180
CDA 180 PDA 180 PAD [∵ PAD PDA ]----(3)
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and we know that in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum
of opposite angles is 180 .
ABC CDA 180
ABC 180 CDA
ABC 180 180 PAD [From eq. 3]
ABC PAD ----(3)
And,
DCB BAD 180
DCB 180 BAD
DCB 180 180 PAD [From eq. 2]
DCB PAD ----(4)
By eq. (1),(2),(3) and (4), we get
ABC DCB PAD PDA
We know that if corresponding angles are equal then the lines are parallel.
Hence, AD||BC.
29. AB is a diameter of the circle APBR as shown in a figure. APQ and RBQ
are straight lines, Find:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 41
(i). PRB
Ans: In a circle, Angles subtended by the same chord on the circumference are
always the same.
Here Angles PAB and PRB are subtended by the chord PB.
So, PRB PAB 35
Thus the value of PRB is 35 .
(ii). PBR
Ans: In a circle angle made by the diameter is a right angle. Here APB
Is made by the diameter AB. Hence APB 90 .
Given that APQ is a straight line , So APB BPQ 180 [supplementary
angles]
BPQ 180 APB 180 90 90
Now, In a triangle the exterior angle is equal to the sum of opposite interior angles
of the triangle.
PBR BPQ PQB 90 25 115
Thus the value of angle PBR is 115
(iii). BPR
Class X Mathematics [Link] 42
Ans: By the angle sum property, the sum of all interior angles is a triangle is
always 180 .
By using angle sum property in PBR
BPR PRB PBR 180
BPR 35 115 180
BPR 180 150 30
Thus the value of angle BPR is 30
30. In the given figure, SP is a bisector of RPT and PQRS is a cyclic
quadrilateral, Prove that: SQ=SR.
Ans: Given that PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral.
In a cyclic quadrilateral, the sum of opposite angles is always 180
So,
QPS QRS 180 -----(1)
Since QPT is a straight line. So,
QPS SPT 180 ------(2)
From eq.(1) and (2)
QRS SPT ---------(3)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 43
PS is the bisector of RPT .
Therefore, RPS SPT ---------(4)
In a circle the angles subtended by the same chord are always equal.
Here angles SQR and RPS are subtended by the chord RS.
Hence RQS RPS --------(5)
From eq.(3),(4) and (5)
RQS QRS
We know that in a triangle if two angles are equal then their opposite sides are also
equal.
Therefore, QS=SR [∵ RQS QRS ]
31. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle, AOE 150 , DAO 51 .
Calculate the sizes of the angles CEB and OCE.
Ans: In a circle the angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference by
the same chord.
1
ADE Re flex angleof AOE
2
ADE 360 150
1
2
Class X Mathematics [Link] 44
ADE 210 105
1
2
In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles is 180
DAB BED 180
BED 180 DAB
BED 180 51 129 [ DAB = DAO = 51 ]
DEC is a straight line and the sum of angle on a straight line is 180 .
BED CEB 180
CEB 180 BED 180 129 51
Thus the value of CEB is 51 .
By using the angle sum property in ADC
ADC OCE DAC 180
OCE 180 ADC DAC
OCE 180 105 51 180 156 [ ADC ADE 105 ]
OCE 24
Thus the value of angle OCE is 24 .
32. In the figure, given below, P and Q are the centres of two circles
intersecting at B and C. ACD is a straight line. Calculate the numerical value
of x.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 45
Ans: We know that the angle at the centre is doubled the angle at any point of
circumference subtended by the same chord.
APB 2 ACB
1 1
ACB APB 150 75
2 2
Sum of the angles in a straight line is 180
For straight line ACD,
ACB BCD 180
BCD 180 ACB 180 75 105
In a circle, The angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same chord.
BQD 2 BCD
BQD 2 105 210
Now, BQD x 360
x 360 BQD
x 360 210 150
Thus the value of x is 150
Class X Mathematics [Link] 46
33. The figure shows two circles which intersect at A and B. The centre of the
smaller circle is O and lies on the circumference of the larger circle. Given
APB a . Calculate in terms of a , the value of:
(i). Obtuse AOB
(ii). ACB
(iii). ADB
Give reasons for your answer clearly.
(i). obtuse AOB
Ans: In a circle the angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same arc.
Here in smaller circle angle APB and angle at centre AOB are subtended by the
same arc.
Therefore, AOB 2.APB
AOB 2a [∵ APB a ]
Thus the value of AOB is 2a
(ii). ACB
Class X Mathematics [Link] 47
Ans: We know that in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles is 180 .
Since OACB is a cyclic quadrilateral.
So, AOB ACB 180
ACB 180 AOB
ACB 180 2a
Thus the value of ACB is 180 2a .
(iii). ADB
Ans: Here join AB, AD and BD.
In a circle angles subtended by the same chord are always equal. Here angles
ADB and ACB are subtended by the same chord AB.
Therefore, ADB ACB
ADB 180 2a [∵ ACB 180 2a ]
Thus the value of ADB is 180 2a .
[Link] the given figure, O is the centre of the circle and ABC 55 . Calculate
the values of x and y.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 48
Ans: In a circle angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same chord.
So, AOC 2 ABC
AOC 2 55 110
From the figure, x AOC
x 110
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and we know that in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum
of opposite angles is 180 .
ADC ABC 180
ADC 180 55 125
Since , y ADC
So, y 125
Thus the value of x, y are 110 &125 respectively.
35. In the given figure, A is the centre of the circle, ABCD is a parallelogram
and CDE is a straight line. Prove that: BCD 2ABE
Class X Mathematics [Link] 49
Ans: In a circle the angle at the centre is double the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same chord.
BAD 2BED ------(1)
Since AB || EC
BED ABE (Alternate angle)---------(2)
From eq.(1) and (2).
BAD 2ABE -----(3)
ABCD is a parallelogram hence the opposite angles in a parallelogram are equal.
So, BAD BCD ------(4)
From eq.(3) and (4)
BCD 2ABE
Hence proved.
[Link] is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AB is parallel to DC and AB is a
diameter of the circle. Given BED 65 ; calculate:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 50
(i). DAB
Ans: The angle subtended by the same chord
Are always equal. Here angles DAB and BED are subtended by the same
chord BD.
Hence, DAB BED 65
Thus the value of DAB is 65 .
(ii). BDC
Ans: In a triangle by the angle sum property the sum of all the interior angles is
180 .
In ABD By using angle sum property,
ADB ABD DAB 180
90 ABD 65 180
ABD 180 155 25
Since, Lines AB and CD are parallel.
BDC ABD (Alternate angles)
BDC 25
Class X Mathematics [Link] 51
Thus the value of BDC is 25 .
37. In the given figure, AB is the diameter of the circle. Chord ED is parallel
to AB and EAB 63 .Calculate:
(i). EBA
Ans: The angle made in the semicircle is always 90 .
Here AEB is subtended by the diameter AB. so the
AEB is made in semicircle.
Hence, AEB 90
By the angle sum property in a triangle the sum of all interior angles is 180 .
In AEB by using the angle sum property,
AEB EBA BAE 180
EBA 180 90 63 180 153 27
Thus the value of EBA is 27 .
(ii). BCD
Ans: Given that ED||AB
Hence EBA DEB (Alternate angle)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 52
DEB EBA 27
Since BCDE is a cyclic quadrilateral and we know that in a cyclic quadrilateral the
sum of opposite angles is 180 .
Hence BCD DEB 180
BCD 180 27 153
Thus the value of BCD is 153 .
38. In the given figure, AB is the diameter of the circle with centre o. DO is
parallel to CB and DCB 120 , Calculate:
(i). DAB,
Ans: Since ABCD is a cyclic [Link] sum of opposite angles in a cyclic
quadrilateral is 120
DAB DCB 180
DAB 180 DCB 180 120 60
Thus the value of DAB is 60 .
(ii). DBA
Ans: Angle subtended by the diameter at any point on circumference is 90
So, ADB 90 [Subtended by the diameter AB]
Class X Mathematics [Link] 53
By the angle sum property in ADB ,
ADB DAB DBA 180
DBA 180 90 60 30
Thus the value of DBA is 30 .
(iii). DBC
Ans: Since OD=OB(Radii of circle)
∴ OBD ODB (opposite angles of equal sides are equal)
OBD ABD 30 (Same angle)
ODB 30
Given, OD||BC
DBC ODB 30 (Alternate angles)
Thus the value of DBC is 30 .
(iv). ADC . Also show that the AOD is an equilateral triangle
Ans: Since ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180
So, DAB BCD 180
BCD 180 60 120 [∵ DAB 60 ]
By using angle sum property in BCD ,
BCD DBC BDC 180
BDC 180 120 30 30
Now, ADC BDC ADB
ADC 30 90 120
Class X Mathematics [Link] 54
Thus the value of ADC is 120 .
In AOD,
OA=OD (Radii of circle)
∴ ODA DAO
From Part (i) DAB 60
DAO DAB 60
ODA DAO 60
ODA DAO AOD 60
Therefore the triangle AOD is an equilateral triangle.
39. In the given figure, I is the incentre of ABC , BI when produced meets
the circumcircle of ABC at D. Given BAC 55 and ACB 65 ;
Calculate:
(i). DCA
Ans: Join the Points IA, IC , AD and CD.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 55
IB is angle bisector of angle ABC .
1
ABD ABC ----(1)
2
By using the angle sum property in ABC ,
ABC ACB BAC 180
ABC 180 55 65 60
By putting above value in eq. (i)
1
ABD 60 30
2
The angles subtended by the same chord are equal. Angles ABD and DCA
subtended by the chord AD.
So, DCA ABD 30
Thus the value of DCA is 30 .
(ii). DAC
Ans: IB is the angle bisector of ABC .
ABD DBC 30 (From (i) part)
Angles subtended by the same chord at any point on circumference are equal.
Angles DAC and DBC subtended by the same chord DC.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 56
So, DAC DBC 30 [∵ DBC 30 ]
Thus the value of DAC is 30 .
(iii). DCI
Ans: CI is the angle bisector of ACB .
1 1
ACI ACB 65 32.5
2 2
DCI ACI DCA
DCI 32.5 30
DCI 62.5
Thus the value of DCI is 62.5 .
(iv). AIC
Ans: AI is the angle bisector of BAC .
1 1
Therefore, IAC BAC 55 27.5
2 2
Now, by using the angle sum property in IAC
IAC AIC ACI 180
AIC 180 IAC ACI
AIC 180 27.5 32.5 120
Thus the value of AIC is 120
40. In the triangle ABC is inscribed in a circle. The bisectors of angles BAC,
ABC and ACB meet the circumcircle of the triangle at points P,Q and R
respectively. Prove that:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 57
Ans: Join Points PR and PQ.
(i). ABC 2APQ
Ans: BQ is the angle bisector of ABC .
1
So, ABQ ABC
2
ABC 2ABQ -------(1)
Angles subtended by the same arc on circumference are always equal. Angles
ABQ and APQ are subtended by the same arc AQ.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 58
ABQ APQ --------(2)
From eq.(1) and (2).
ABC 2APQ
Hence proved.
(ii). ACB 2APR
Ans: CR is angle bisector of ACB .
1
ACR ACB
2
ACB 2ACR ------(3)
In a circle angles subtended by the same arc on circumference are equal. Angles
APR and ACR are subtended by the same arc AR.
So, APR ACR ------(4)
From eq.(3) and (4)
ACB 2APR
Hence Proved.
1
(iii). QPR 90 BAC
2
Since From the (i) and (ii) parts
1 1
APQ ABC and APR ACB
2 2
Now, On additing
1 1
APQ APR ABC ACB
2 2
Class X Mathematics [Link] 59
1
APQ APR ABC ACB
2
APQ APR 180 BAC [∵ ABC ACB BAC 180 ]
1
2
1
QPR 90 BAC [∵ From figure APQ APR QPR ]
2
Hence proved.
41. Calculate the angles x,y and z if :
x y z
3 4 5
Ans:
x y z
Let k
3 4 5
x 3k , y 4k , z 5k
BCP x (Vertically opposite)
Now by using exterior angle property, the exterior angle is equal to the sum of
opposite angles.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 60
ABC BPC BCP
ABC x y
ABC 3k 4k 7k [∵ x 3k , y 4k ]
Also, ADC x z
ADC 3k 5k 8k [∵ x 3k , y 5k ]
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180
ABC ADC 180
7k 8k 180
15k 180
k 12
Therefore the values of x,yandz.
x 3k 3 12 36
y 4k 4 12 48
z 5k 5 12 60
42. In the given figure, AB=AC=CD and ADC 38 . Calculate :
Class X Mathematics [Link] 61
(i). ABC
Ans: Given AC=CD
CAD ADC 38 [Given ADC 38 ]
By using angle sum property in ADC
CAD ADC ACD 180
ACD 180 38 38 104
From the figure, BCD is a straight line.
ACB ACD 180
ACB 180 104 76
Given, AB=AC
ABC ACB [Opposite angles of equal sides are equal]
ABC 76
Thus the value of ABC is 76 .
(ii). Angle BEC
By using the angle sum property in ABC
ABC BAC ACB 180
BAC 180 76 76 38 [∵ ABC ACB 76 ]
Angles subtended by the same chord on the circumference are equal.
Angles BAC &BEC are subtended by the same chord BC.
Therefore, BEC BAC 38
Class X Mathematics [Link] 62
43. In the given figure, AC is the diameter of the circle, centre O. Chord BD is
perpendicular to AC. Write down the angles p,q and r in terms of x.
Ans: In a circle the angle at the centre is double the angle at any point on
circumference subtended by the same chord.
AOB 2ADB ----(1)
Angles subtended by the same chord on the circumference are equal.
ADB ACB ----(2)
From eq.(1) and (2)
AOB 2ACB
x 2q
x
q
2
The angles subtended by the same chord on the circumference are equal. Here
angles DAC &DBC are subtended by the same chord DC.
DAC DBC
By exterior angle property, 90 q DBC
p 90 q
x x
p 90 [∵ q ]
2 2
Class X Mathematics [Link] 63
In a circle, the angle made by the diameter is the right angle.
ADC 90
ADB r 90
q r 90
r 90 q
x
r 90
2
x x x
Thus the values of p,q and r are 90 , and 90 respectively.
2 2 2
44. In the given figure, AC is the diameter of the circle with centre O. CD and
BE are parallel. Angle ADB 80 and ACE 10 . Calculate :
(i). Angle BEC,
Ans: AOC is a straight line.
Hence, AOB BOC 180
BOC 180 80 100
Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended by the
same chord.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 64
So, BOC 2BEC
1 100
BEC BOC 50
2 2
Thus the value of BEC is 50
(ii)Angle BCD,
Ans: DC||EB
DCE BEC (Alternate angles)
DCE 50
The angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended by the
same chord.
AOB 2ACB
1 80
ACB AOB 40
2 2
BCD ACB DCE ACE
BCD ACB DCE ACE
BCD 40 50 10 100
(iii). Angle CED
Ans: BCDE is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180
BCD DEB 180
DEB 180 100 80
BEC CED 80 [∵ DEB BEC CED ]
CED 80 BEC 80 50 30
Class X Mathematics [Link] 65
Thus the value of CED is 30 .
45. In the given figure, AE is the diameter of the circle. Write down the
numerical value of ABC CED . Give reasons for your answer.
Ans:
Join the points CE and OC.
AOE is a straight line.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 66
180
Hence, AOC COE 90 ( CO AE )
2
In a circle angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended
by the same arc.
AOC 2AEC
1 90
AEC AOC 45
2 2
ABCE is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180
ABC AEC 180
ABC 180 45 135
Similarly, CDE 135
ABC CDE 135 135 270
Thus the value of ABC CDE is 270 .
46. In the given figure, AOC is a diameter and AC is parallel to ED. If
CBE 64 , Calculate DEC.
Ans: Join the point AB.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 67
In a circle angle subtended by the diameter at any point on the circumference is a
right angle.
ABC 90
From the figure, ABE EBC 90
ABE 90 64 26
Angles subtended by the same arc on the circle are always equal.
ACE ABE 26
Since, AC||ED
ACE DEC (Alternate angles)
Therefore, DEC 26
Thus the value of DEC is 26 .
47. Use the given figure to find :
Class X Mathematics [Link] 68
(i). BAD
Ans: By the angle sum property the sum of all interior angles in a triangle is 180 .
In APD By using angle sum property,
ADP APD PAD 180
PAD 180 85 40 55
BAD PAD 55 [Angle b/w same line segments]
Thus the value of BAD is 55 .
(ii). DQB
Ans: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180
ADC ABC 180
ABC 180 85 95
Now by using angle sum property in AQB
QAB AQB ABQ 180
AQB 180 95 55 30
DQB AQB 30 (Angles b/w same line segments)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 69
Thus the value of AQB is 30 .
48. In the given figure, AOB is a diameter and DC is parallel to AB. If
CAB x ; find (in terms of x), the value of :
(i). COB
Ans: In a circle, Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same arc.
COB 2CAB
COB 2x [∵ Given CAB x ]
Thus the value of COB is 2x
(ii). DOC
Ans: Since DC||AB
DCO COB (Alternate Angles)
Hence, DCO 2 x
OC=OD (Radii of circle)
ODC DCO 2x (opposite angles of equal sides are equal)
By using angle sum property in ODC
ODC DCO DOC 180
DOC 180 2x 2x 180 4x
Class X Mathematics [Link] 70
(iii). DAC
Ans: In a circle, Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at circumference
subtended by the same chord.
DOC 2DAC
1
DAC DOC
2
DAC 180 4 x 90 2 x
1
2
Thus the value of DAC is 90 2x .
(iv). ADC .
Ans: Since, DC||AO
DCA CAO x (Alternate angles)
DAC 90 2x (From ii part)
By using angle sum property in ADC
DAC DCA ADC 180
ADC 180 90 2 x x 90 x
Thus the value of ADC is 90 x .
49. In the given figure, AB is the diameter of a circle with centre O.
BCD 130 , Find:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 71
(i). DAB
Ans: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180 .
Hence, DAB BCD 180
DAB 180 130 50
(ii). DBA
In the given figure join BD.
In a circle angle subtended by the diameter at the circumference is right angle.
Hence ADB 90 .
By using the angle sum property in ADB
ADB DBA DAB 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 72
DBA 180 90 50 40 [∵ from (i) part DAB 50 ]
Thus the value of DBA is 40 .
50. In the given figure. PQ is the diameter of the circle whose centre is O.
Given ROS 42 , calculate RTS.
Ans: Join points RS and PS.
In a circle angle subtended by the diameter at circumference is right angle.
PSQ 90
In a circle angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended
by the same chord.
ROS 2SPR
1
SPR 42 21
2
SPR SPT [Angle b/w same line segment]
Class X Mathematics [Link] 73
Therefore SPT 21
Now in SPT
SPT PTS PST 180
PTS 180 21 90 69 [ PST 90 as PSQ 90 ]
Thus the value of PTS is 69 .
51. In the given figure, PQ is a diameter. Chord SR is parallel to PQ. Given
that PQR 58 , Calculate :
(i). RPQ
Ans: Join Points PR
Angle subtended by the diameter on the circumference is the right angle.
PRQ 90
Class X Mathematics [Link] 74
Now by using angle sum property in PQR .
PRQ PQR RPQ 180
RPQ 180 90 58 180 148 32
Thus the value of RPQ is 32 .
(ii). STP.
Ans: Since SR||PQ
SRP RPQ (Alternate angles)
∴ SRP 32
STPR is a cyclic quadrilateral. In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles
is 180 .
STP SRP 180
STP 180 32 148
Thus the value of STP is 148 .
52. AB is the diameter of the circle with centre O. OD is parallel to BC and
AOD 60 .
Calculate the numerical values of :
Class X Mathematics [Link] 75
(i). ABD
Ans: Join points BD.
Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended by the
same chord.
AOD 2ABD
1 60
ABD AOD 30
2 2
Thus the value of ABD is 30 .
(ii). DBC
Ans: AOB is a straight line.
AOD BOD 180
BOD 180 60 120
Now in BOD by using angle sum property,
BOD ODB OBD 180
ODB 180 120 30 30
Since OD||BC
ODB DBC (Alternate angles)
∴ DBC 30
Class X Mathematics [Link] 76
Thus the value of DBC is 30 .
(iii). ADC .
Ans: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180 .
ABC ADC 180
ABC ABD DBC 30 30 60
Now, ABC ADC 180
ADC 180 60 120
Thus the value of ADC is 120 .
53. In the given figure, the centreO of the small circle lies on the
circumference of the bigger circle. If APB 75 and BCD 40 , find :
(i). AOB
Ans: Join points AB and AD.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 77
In a circle, the angle at the centre is twice the angle at any point on circumference
subtended by the same chord.
AOB 2APB
AOB 2 75 150
Thus the value of AOB is 150 .
(ii). ACB
Ans: AOBC is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180 .
AOB ACB 180
ACB 180 150 30
Thus the value of ACB is 30 .
(iii). ABD
Ans: Since ACD ACB BCD
From (ii) part ACB 30 and given BCD 40
ACD 30 40 70
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180 .
ACD ABD 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 78
ABD 180 70 110
Thus the value of ABD is 110
(iv). ADB
Ans: OABD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180 .
ADB AOB 180
ADB 180 AOB
ADB 180 150 30
Thus the value of ADB is 30 .
54. In the given figure, BAD 65 , ABD 70 and BDC 45 , Find:
(i). BCD
(ii). ACB
Hence show that AC is a diameter.
(i). BCD
Ans: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 79
BCD BAD 180
BCD 180 65 115
Thus the value of BCD is 115 .
(ii). ACB
Hence show that AC is a diameter.
Ans: In ABD by using the angle sum property,
ADB 65 70 180
ADB 180 135 45
In a circle angles subtended by the same chord on the circumference are equal.
Angles ADB and ACB are subtended by the same chord AB.
Hence, ACB ADB
ACB 45
Thus the value of ACB is 45 .
Since, ADC ADB BDC
ADC 45 45 90
ADC is right angle and subtended by AC. We know that an angle on the
circumference is the right angle if it is subtended by the diameter.
Thus AC is the diameter.
55. In a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD, A : C 3:1 and B : D 1:5 ; Find
each angle of the quadrilateral.
Ans: Let the cyclic quadrilateral ABCD be as below:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 80
and A 3x, C x
In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles is 180 .
A C 180
3x x 180
180
x 45
4
Thus angles A 3 45 135 and C x 45
Now, Let B y and D 5 y
B D 180
y 5 y 180
180
y 30
6
Therefore angles B y 30 and D 5 y 5 30 150 .
56. The given figure shows a circle with centre O and ABP 42 .
Calculate the measure of :
Class X Mathematics [Link] 81
(i). PQB
Ans: Join the points AP
In a circle Angle subtended by diameter at the circumference is the right angle.
APB 90
By using angle sum property in APB .
APB ABP PAB 180
PAB 180 90 42 48
In a circle, Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are always
equal. Here PAB and PQB are subtended by the same chord PB.
∴ PQB PAB 48
Thus the value of PQB is 48 .
(ii). QPB PBQ
By using angle sum property in PQB
Class X Mathematics [Link] 82
QPB PBQ PQB 180
QPB PBQ 180 PQB
QPB PBQ 180 48 132
Thus the value of QPB PBQ is 132 .
57. In the given figure, M is the centre of the circle. Chords AB and CD are
perpendicular to each other. If MAD x and BAC y :
(i). Express AMD in terms of x.
Ans: AM=MD(Radii of circle)
Opposite angles of equal sides are always equal.
∴ MAD MDA x
By using angle sum property in AMD
MAD MDA AMD 180
AMD 180 x x 180 2x
Thus the value of AMD is 180 2x .
(ii). Express ABD in terms of y.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 83
Ans: In a circle Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same chord.
AMD 2ABD
ABD AMD 180 2 x 90 x -------(1)
1 1
2 2
In ALC ,
LAC ACL 90
ACL 90 y
ACL ACD [Angles b/w same line segments]
ACD 90 y
In a circle angles subtended by the same chord at the circumference are always
equal.
ABD ACD
ABD 90 y -----------(2)
Thus the value of ABD in terms of y is 90 y .
(iii). Prove that: x y.
From eq. (1) and (2).
90 x 90 y
x y
Hence proved.
EXERCISE-17B
Class X Mathematics [Link] 84
1. In a cyclic trapezium, the non-parallel sides are equal and the diagonals are
equal, Prove it.
Ans:
ABCD is a cyclic trapezium and AB||CD
ABD BDC (Alternate angles)
In a circle, the angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference subtended
by the same chord.
AOD 2ABD (Subtended by the chord AD)
And, BOC 2BDC (Subtended by the chord BC)
Since, ABD BDC
AOD BOC
We know that if the angles at the centre subtended by different chords are equal
then the chords are equal to each other.
Since, AOD BOC
chord AD= chord BC
Therefore, AD=BC
Now, In ACD and BDC
DC=DC (Common side)
CAD CBD (Subtended by same chord CD)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 85
AD=BC (Proved above)
Therefore, ACD ≌BDC (By S-A-S congruence criterion)
AC BD (Hence proved)
2. In the following figure, AD is the diameter of the circle with centre O.
Chords AB, BC and CD are equal. If DEF 110 , Calculate :
(i). AEF
Ans: We Join points OB,OC and AE.
In a circle, Angle subtended by diameter at any point of the circumference is a
right angle.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 86
∴ AED 90
Given, DEF 110
AEF DEF AED 110 90 20
110 90 20
Thus the value of AEF is 20 .
(ii). FAB
Ans: Given that Chord OA=OB=OC
Equal chords subtend the equal angles at the centre.
AOB BOC COD
The sum of all angles on one side of a straight line is always 180 .
AOB BOC COD 180 (AD is a straight line)
AOB BOC COD 60
Since OA=OB (Radii of circle)
OAB OBA (opposite angles of equal sides are equal to each other)
By using angle sum property in AOB
OAB OBA AOB 180
OAB OAB 180 60 120
120
OAB 60
2
OAB OBA 60 and AOB 60
Therefore, OAB OBA AOB 60
Class X Mathematics [Link] 87
AFED is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180 .
DAF FED 180
DAF 180 110 70
Now, From the figure:
FAB DAF OAB
FAB 70 60 130
Thus the value of FAB is 130 .
3. If two sides of a cyclic-quadrilateral are parallel; Prove that:
(i). Its other two sides are equal.
Ans:
Let DC||AB
DCA CAB (Alternate angles)
In a circle, Angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference subtended by
the same chord.
DOA 2DCA (Subtended by the chord DA)
BOC 2CAB (Subtended by the chord BC)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 88
Since DCA CAB
∴ DOA BOC
By the circle theorem, We know that if angles at the centre subtended by the
different chords are equal then chords are equal to each other.
DOA BOC
∴chord AD=chord BC
⇒AD=BC (Hence proved)
(ii). Its diagonals are equal.
Ans: In ABC and ADB
AB=AB (common side)
BC=AD (Proved in i part)
ACB = ADB (Subtended by the same chord AB)
Therefore, ABC ADB (By the S-A-S criterion of congruence)
⇒ AC=BD (Hence proved)
4. The given figure shows a circle with centre O. Also, PQ=QR=RS and
PTS 75 . Calculate:
(i). POS
Class X Mathematics [Link] 89
Ans: Join the lines OP, OQ , OQ and OS.
Given, PQ=QR=RS
Equal chords subtend the equal angles at centre.
POQ QOR SOR
In a circle angle at the centre is doubled the angle at circumference subtended by
the same arc.
POS 2PTS
POS 2 75 150
Thus the value of POS is 150 .
(ii). QOR
Ans: since POQ QOR SOR
POQ QOR SOR POS
150
POQ QOR SOR 50
3
Thus the value of QOR is 50
(iii). PQR
Class X Mathematics [Link] 90
Ans: In POQ
OP=OQ (Radii of circle)
∴ OPQ OQP
Now, By using angle sum property.
OPQ OQP POQ 180
OPQ OQP 180 50 130
130
OPQ OQP 65
2
Similarly in QOR
OQR ORQ 65
Now, PQR PQO OQR
PQR 65 65 130
Thus the value of PQR is 130 .
5. In the given figure, AB is a side of a regular six-sided polygon and AC is a
side of a regular eight-sided polygon inscribed in the circle with centre O.
Calculate the sizes of :
Class X Mathematics [Link] 91
(i). AOB
Ans: AB is the a side of a regular six-sided
360
polygon so this subtend the angle 60
6
AOB 60
(ii). ACB
Ans: In a circle, Angle at the centre is twice the angle at any point of
circumference subtended by the same chord.
AOB 2 ACB
60
ACB 30
2
(iii). ABC
Ans:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 92
Join the line OC.
AC is a side of a eight-sided regular polygon, So AB subtends the angle at centre
as:
360
AOC 45 .
8
In a circle, Angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference subtended by
the same chord.
AOC 2ABC
AOC 45
ABC 22.5
2 2
Thus the value of ABC is 22.5 .
6. In a regular pentagon ABCDE, inscribed in a circle; find the ratio between
angle EDA and angle ADC.
Ans:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 93
ABCDE is regular pentagon and each side subtends the angle at centre as:
360
72 .
5
So the angles AOE AOB BOC COD DOE 72 .
In a circle, Angle at the centre is twice the angle at circumference subtended by the
same chord.
AOE 2EDA (subtended by the chord AE)
AOE 72
EDA 36
2 2
Similarly, ADB 36 and BDC 36
From the figure, ADC ADB BDC
ADC ADB BDC 36 36 72
Now, EDA : ADC 36 : 72 1: 2
Thus the ratio is 1: 2 .
7. In the given figure, AB=BC=CD and ABC 132 . Calculate:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 94
(i). AEB
Ans: Join points EB and EC
ABCE is cyclic quadrilateral and in ac cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180
AEC ABC 180
AEC 180 132 48 [Given, ABC 132 ]
Given, chord AB= chord BC. So, thery will subtend the same angle.
AEB BEC
And, AEC AEB BEC
AEC 48
AEB 24
2 2
Thus the value of AEB is 24 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 95
(ii). AED
Ans: Since, AB=BC=CD
Equal chords subtend the equal angles.
Hence, AEB BEC CED 24 [From (i) part AEB 24 ]
And, AED AEB BEC CED
AED 24 24 24 72
Thus the value of AED is 72 .
(iii). COD
Ans: In a circle, Angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference
subtended by the same chord. Here angles CODand 2CED are subtended by
chord CD.
COD 2CED
COD 2 24 48
Thus the value of COD is 48 .
8. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle and the length of arc AB is twice
the length of arc BC. If angle AOB 108 , find:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 96
(i). CAB
Ans: Join AD and BD.
Given, arc AB= 2 arc BC
Therefore, AOB 2BOC
108
BOC 54
2
In a circle angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended
by the same chord. Here BOC angle at the centre and CAB angle at the
circumference both are subtended by the chord BC.
So, BOC 2CAB
1
CAB 54 27
2
Thus the value of CAB is 27
(ii). ADB
Ans: In a circle angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference
Subtended by the same chord.
AOB 2ACB
Class X Mathematics [Link] 97
108
ACB 54
2
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180
ADB ACB 180
ADB 180 54 126
Thus the value of ADB is 126 .
9. The figure shows a circle with centre O. AB is the side of the rectangular
pentagon and AC is the side of the regular hexagon. Find the angles of
triangle ABC.
Ans:
Join the points OA, OB and OC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 98
Given that AB is a side of regular pentagon and we know that each side of
360
pentagon inscribed in a circle subtends the angle of measure 72
5
Thus the angle AOB subtended by chord AB= 72
AC is a side of regular hexagon and we know that each side of hexagon inscribed
360
in a circle subtends the angle of measure 60
6
Thus the angle AOC subtended by chord AC= 60 .
In a circle, Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended
by the same chord.
AOC 2ABC (Subtended by chord AC)
60
ABC 30
2
And, AOB 2ACB (Subtended by chord AB)
AOB 72
ACB 36
2 2
By using angle sum property in ABC
ABC ACB BAC 180
BAC 180 30 36 114
Thus the value of angles of ABC are 30 , 36 ,114 .
10. In the given figure, BD is a side of a regular hexagon, DC is a side of a
regular pentagon and AD is a diameter. Calculate :
Class X Mathematics [Link] 99
Ans: Join the points CO, EO, BC and BO.
(i). ADC
Ans: Since, BD is a side of regular hexagon, hence it subtends the angle at centre
as:
360
BOD 60
6
Similarly, CD is a side of regular pentagon, hence it subtends the angle at centre
as:
360
COD 72
5
In BOD
BOD 60 and OB=OD (Radii of circle)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 100
BDO OBD 60
And, In COD
OC=OD (Radii of circle)
CDO OCD (Alternate angles)
CDO OCD COD 180
2CDO 180 72 108
CDO 54
ADC CDO 54 (Angles b/w same line segments)
Thus the value of ADC is 54 .
(ii). BDA
Ans: From (i) part BDO 60
BDA BDO 60 (Angles b/w same line segments)
(iii). ABC
Ans: In a circle, Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at circumference
subtended by the same chord.
AOC 2 ABC
1
ABC AOC
2
1
ABC AOD COD
2
ABC 180 72
1
2
ABC 108 54
1
2
Class X Mathematics [Link] 101
Thus the value of ABC is 54
(iv). AEC
Ans: AEC ADC 180
AEC 180 ADC
AEC 180 54 126 [From (i) part ADC 54 ]
Thus the value of AEC is 126 .
EXERCISE-17(C)
1. In the given circle with diameter AB, find the value of x.
Ans: In a circle, Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are
equal.
ABD ACD 30 [From the figure ACD 30 ]
The angle on the circumference subtended by the diameter is a right angle.
ADB 90
Now, By using the angle sum property in ABD
Class X Mathematics [Link] 102
ABD ADB BAD 180
BAD 180 30 90 60
x 60 [From the figure BAD x ]
Thus the value of x is 60 .
2. In the given figure, ABC is a triangle in which BAC 30 . Show that BC
is equal to the radius of the circumcircle of the triangle ABC, whose centre is
O.
Ans: Join the points OB, OC.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 103
In a circle, Angle at the centre is doubled the angle at the circumference subtended
by the same chord.
BOC 2BAC
BOC 2 30 60
Since, OB=OC (Radii of same circle)
OBC OCB (Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
Now, by using the angle sum property in OBC
OBC OCB BOC 180
OBC OCB 180 60 120
2OBC 120
120
OBC 60
2
Thus, OBC OCB BOC 60
Therefore OBC is an equilateral triangle.
Hence, OB=OC=BC.
So, BC is equal to the radius of the circumcircle of the triangle ABC.
3. Prove that the circle drawn on any one of the equal sides of an isosceles
triangle as diameter bisects the base.
Ans:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 104
Given AB is a diameter.
In a circle angle subtended by diameter is a right angle. ADB is subtended by
AB.
SO, ADB 90
BC is a straight line and sum of angles on a straight line is 180 .
ADB ADC 180
ADC 180 90 90
Now, In ADB and ADC
AD=AD (Common side)
AB=AC (Given)
ADB ADC (Proved)
ABD ADC
Therefore, BD=DC
Thus D is a midpoint of BC.
4. In the given figure, chord ED is parallel to diameter AC of the circle. Given
CBE 65 , calculate DEC .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 105
Ans: Join the points AB, EO and DC.
In a circle, Angle at the centre is doubled, the angle subtended by the same chord.
COE 2CBE
COE 2 65 130
Since, OE=OC (Radii of same circle)
OEC OCE
Now, In COE
Class X Mathematics [Link] 106
OEC OCE COE 180
2OCE 180 130 50
50
OCE 25
2
Hence, OCE OEC 25
Given, ED||AC
DEC OCE (Alternate angles)
Therefore, DEC 25
Thus the value of DEC is 25 .
5. The quadrilateral formed by angle bisectors of a cyclic quadrilateral is also
cyclic. Prove it.
Ans:
In APD
PDA PAD APD 180 -----------(1)
In BQC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 107
BQC QCB QBC 180 --------(2)
By adding eq. (1) and (2)
PDA PAD APD BQC QCB QBC 360 ------(3)
Since AP, BQ, CQ and DP are angle bisectors of A, B, C and D respectively.
1
Therefore, PDA D -------(4)
2
1
PAD A -------(5)
2
1
QBC B -------(6)
2
1
QCB C ------(7)
2
By adding Eq. (4), (5), (6) and (7)
1
PDA PAD QBC QCB A B C D ----(8)
2
Now by putting this value from eq. (8) in eq. (3)
1
APD BQC 360 A B C D
2
We know that the sum of all interior of a quadrilateral is 360
360 180
1
APD BQC 360
2
APD &BQC are opposite angles of quadrilateral PSQR. If the sum of opposite
angles of a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle is 180 then the quadrilateral is cyclic
quadrilateral.
Thus PSQR is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 108
6. In the figure, DBC 58 . BD is the diameter of the circle. Calculate:
(i). BDC
Ans: In a circle, Angle at the circumference subtended by the diameter is the right
angle.
BCD 90
Now by using angle sum property in BCD
BCD DBC BDC 180
BDC 180 90 58 32
Thus the value of BDC is 32 .
(ii). BEC
Ans: BECD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180
BEC BDC 180
BEC 180 32 148
Thus the value of BEC is 148 .
(iii). BAC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 109
Ans: In a circle, Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are
equal.
BAC BDC (Subtended by chord BC)
Therefore, BAC 32 [from (ii)part BDC 32 ]
7. D and E are points on equal sides AB andAC of an isosceles triangle ABC
such that AD=AE. Prove that the points B, C, E and D are concyclic.
Ans:
Given, AB=AC
B C
And, AD=AE
ADE AED
In ABC
AD AE
AB AC
Therefore, DE||BC
ADE B (Corresponding angles) -------(1)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 110
And, B C (Proved) -------(2)
From eq. (1) and (2)
ADE C
ADE is exterior angle of quadrilateral BCED and we know that if the exterior
angle of a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle is equal to the opposite interior angle
then the quadrilateral is cyclic quadrilateral.
Thus BCDE is a cyclic quadrilateral. Hence, B,C,D and E are concyclic points.
8. In the given figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. AF is drawn parallel to
CB and DA is produced to point E. If ADC 92 , FAE 20 ;determine
BCD . Give reason in support of your answer.
Ans: Given, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180
ADC ABC 180
ABC 180 92 88
Since, AF||BC
FAB ABC 88 (Alternate angle)
Now, BAE BAF FAE
BAE 88 22 110
Class X Mathematics [Link] 111
In a cyclic quadrilateral the exterior angle is equal to the interior opposite angle.
BCD BAE 110
Thus the value of BCD is 110 .
9. If I is the incentre of triangle ABC and AI when produced meets the
circumcircle of triangle ABC in point D. If BAC 66 and ABC 80 ,
Calculate:
Ans:
Join the points BD, CD, IB and IC.
(i). DBC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 112
Ans: IA is angle bisector. So, BAD CAD
BAC 66
BAD CAD 66
2CAD 66
CAD 33
In a circle, Angles subtended by the same chord at the circumference are always
equal.
DBC CAD (Subtended by chord CD)
DBC 33
Thus the value of DBC is 33 .
(ii). IBC
Ans: IB is an angle bisector. So, IBC IBC IBA
ABC 80
IBC IBA 40
2 2
Thus the value of IBC is 40 .
(iii). BIC
Ans: By using angle sum property in ABC
ABC ACB BAC 180
ACB 180 80 66 34
IC is an angle bisector of ACB . So, BCI ACI
34
BCI ACI 17
2
Now, By using angle sum property in BIC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 113
BCI BIC IBC 180
BIC 180 17 40 123
Thus the value of BIC is 123 .
10. In the given figure, AB=AD=DC=PB and DBC x . Determine, in
terms of x :
(i). ABD
Ans: Join the points AC and BD.
In a circle, Angles subtended by the same chord at the circumference are always
equal.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 114
DBC DAC (Subtended by chord DC)
DCA DAC (AD=DC)
ABD DCA (Subtended by chord AD)
Therefore, ABD DBC x (Given DBC x )
Thus the value of ABD is x .
(ii). APB
Hence or otherwise, prove that AP is parallel to DB.
Ans: Since, AB=PB
BAP APB
In ABP , ABC is the exterior angle.
We know that the exterior angle is equal to the sum of opposite angles.
ABC BAP APB
2 x 2APB
APB x
Thus the value of APB is x .
Since, APB DBC x
These are corresponding angles and we know that if two corresponding angles are
equal the sides are also equal.
Therefore AP||DB.
11. In the given figure: ABC, AEQ and CEP are straight lines. Show that
APE and CQE are supplementary.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 115
Ans:
Join the line EB.
In a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite angles is 180
ABEP is a cyclic quadrilateral. Hence,
APE ABE 180 --------(1)
BEQC is a cyclic quadrilateral. Hence,
CQE CBE 180 --------(2)
On adding eq. (1) and (2)
APE ABE CQE CBE 360
APE CQE 360 ABE CBE
APE CQE 360 180 180 ( ABE CBE linear pair)
Thus, APE and CQE are supplementary.
Class X Mathematics [Link] 116
12. In the given figure, AB is the diameter of the circle with centre O. If
ADC 32 , find angle BOC.
Ans: In a circle, The angle at the centre is doubled at the circumference subtended
by the same chord.
AOC 2ADC 2 32 64
Since, AOC and BOC are linear pairs. Therefore,
AOC BOC 180
BOC 180 64 116
Thus the value of BOC is 116 .
13. In a cyclic-quadrilateral PQRS, angle PQR 135 , Sides SP and RQ
produced meet at point A whereas sides PQ and SR produced meet at point B.
If A : B 2 :1 ; find angles A and B.
Ans:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 117
Let A 2 x and B x
PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180
PQR S 180
S 180 135 45
AQR is a straight line and sum of angles on straight line is 180 .
PQR PQA 180
PQA 180 135 45
By using angle sum property in PBS
S P x 180
P 180 45 x 135 x --------(1)
Now by using exterior angle property in PQA , P is exterior angle
P PQA A 45 2 x ------(2)
From eq. (1) and (2)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 118
45 2x 135 x
3x 90
x 30
Therefore the angle A 2x 2 30 60 and B x 30 .
14. In the following figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which AD is
parallel to BC.
If the bisector of angle A meets BC at point E and the given circle at point F,
prove that :
(i). EF=FC
Ans: AF is angle bisector of angle DAB
Hence, DAF BAF
Also, DAE BAE -----(1)
∵ AD||BC
∴ DAE AEB (Alternate angles)-----(2)
From eq. (1) and (2)
BAE AEB
In AEB By using angle sum property,
Class X Mathematics [Link] 119
BAE AEB ABE 180
ABE 180 2AEB [∵ BAE AEB ]
CEF AEB (Vertically opposite angles)
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180 .
ABC ADC 180
ADC 180 ABC
ADC 180 ABE [ ABE and ABC angles are b/w same line segments ]
ADC 180 180 2AEB 2AEB
Also, ADCF is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180 .
ADC AFC 180
AFC 180 ADC 180 2AEB
By using angle sum property in EFC
EFC ECF FEC 180
ECF 180 CEF AFC [ AFC EFC ∵angles b/w same line
segment]
since, CEF AEB (Vertically opposite angles)
and AFC 180 2AEB
ECF 180 180 2AEB AEB
ECF AEB -----(3)
And, CEF AEB -----(4)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 120
From eq.(3) and (4)
ECF CEF
If in a triangle two angles are equal then the opposite sides of them are also equal.
∴ EF=FC
(ii). BF=DF
Ans: Since AF is angle bisector of DAB
∴ DAF BAF
Angle DAE is subtended by chord DF and BAF is subtended by chord BF.
If angles at the circumference subtended by the different chords are equal then the
chords are also equal.
So, Chord BF= Chord DF
⇒ BF=DF
15. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. Sides AB and DC produced meet at point
E; whereas sides BC and AD produced meet at point F.
If DCF : F : E [Link] 4 , find the angles of the cyclic quadrilateral
ABCD.
Ans:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 121
Let DCF 3x, F 5x and E 4 x
BCF is a straight line.
DCF DCB 180 (linear pair)
DCB 180 3x
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and the sum of opposite angles is 180 .
DCB A 180
A 180 180 3x 3x
In DCF , CDA is the exterior angle. So by using the exterior angle property,
CDA F DCF 3x 5x 8x
Since, BCE &DCF are opposite angles.
So, BCE DCF 3x
In BCE ,
Ext. ABC BCE E 3x 4 x 7 x
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and the sum of opposite angles is 180 .
CDA ABC 180
7 x 8x 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 122
180
x 12
15
Therefore the values of angles of a quadrilateral,
A 3x 3 12 36
B ABC 7 x 7 12 84
C DCB 180 3x 180 36 144
D CDA 8x 8 12 96
16. The following figure shows a circle with PR as its diameter. If PQ=7cm
and QR=3RS=6cm, find the perimeter of the cyclic quadrilateral PQRS.
Ans: Since, PQ=7cm and QR=3RS=6cm
6
So, RS 2cm , QR=6cm
3
PQR is an angle made in [Link] PQR is a right angle triangle.
Now by using pythagoras theorem,
PR2 PQ2 QR2
PR2 72 62 49 36 85
Class X Mathematics [Link] 123
Similarly, PSR
PR2 PS 2 SR2
85 PS 2 4
PS 2 81
PS 9cm
Therefore the perimeter of cyclic quadrilateral,
PQ QR RS PS 7 6 2 9 24cm
17. In the figure, AB is the diameter of a circle with centre O. If chord
AC=chord AD, prove that :
(i). Arc BC=arc DB
(ii). AB is bisector of CAD .
Further, if the length of arc AC is twice the length of arc BC, find :
(a). BAC
(b). ABC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 124
Ans: Join points BC and BD
(i). Arc BC=arc DB
Ans: In a circle, Angle subtended by the diameter at the circumference is a right
angle. ACB is subtended by diameter AB and similarly ADBACB is
subtended by diameter AB.
ACB 90 and ADB 90
Therefore, ACB ADB 90
Now, In ACB and ABD
AB=AB (Common side)
AC=AD (Given)
ACB ADB 90 (Proved above)
ACB ≌ABD (By SAS congruence criterion)
Therefore, BC=BD
(ii). AB is bisector of CAD .
Ans: Since, ACB ≌ABD
Therefore, BAC BAD
So AB is bisector of CAD .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 125
Further, if the length of arc AC is twice the length of arc BC, find :
(a). BAC
Ans: If arc AC= 2 Arc BC
ABC 2 BAC
Now by using the angle sum property in ABC
ABC BAC ACB 180
3BAC 180 90 90
90
BAC 30
3
(b). ABC
Ans: Since, ABC 2 BAC and BAC 30
ABC 2 30 60
Therefore the value of ABC is 60 .
18. In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD; AD=BC, BAC 30 and CBD 70 ;
find :
(i). BCD
Ans:
Class X Mathematics [Link] 126
In a circle, the angles subtended by the same chord at the circumference are equal.
Angles DBC and DAC are subtended by chord DC.
Hence, DAC DBC 70
BAD BAC DAC 30 70 100
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180 .
BCD BAD 180
BCD 180 100 80
(ii). BCA
Ans: By using angle sum property in BCD
BCD CDB BDC 180
BDC 180 80 70 30
Since, AD=BC
Therefore, ACD BDC 30
Since, BCA BCD ACD
BCA 80 30 50
(iii). ABC
Class X Mathematics [Link] 127
Ans: In a circle, Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are
always equal.
ABD ACD 30
So, ABC ABD CBD 30 70 100
(iv). ADC
Ans: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of
opposite angles is 180 .
ADC ABC 180
ADC 180 100 80
19. In the given figure, ACE 43 and CAF 62 ; find the values of a, b
and c.
Ans: By using angle sum property in ACE
ACE AEC CAE 180
AEC 180 43 62 75
ABDE is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180 .
ABD AED 180
Class X Mathematics [Link] 128
ABD 180 75 105
From figure, ABD a 105
Thus the value of a is 105 .
By using angle sum property in BAF
a b 62 180
b 180 62 105 13
By using exterior angle property in DEF
Exterior DEA c b
c CEA b 75 13 62 (∵ angle b/w same line segment CEA DEA )
Thus the values of a 105 , b 13 and c 62 .
20. In the given figure, AB is parallel to DC, BCE 80 and BAC 25 .
Find :
(i). CAD
Ans: By exterior angle property, the exterior angle is equal to the opposite angle.
BAD BCE 80
Now, BAD BAC CAD
CAD 80 25 55
(ii). CBD
Class X Mathematics [Link] 129
Ans: Join the points BD.
Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are always equal.
Here CBD and CAD are subtended by chod DC.
CBD CAD
From (i) part CAD 55
Therefore, CBD CAD 55
Thus the value of CBD is 55 .
(iii). ADC
Ans: Since AB||CD
BAC ACD (Alternate angles)
ACD 25 [from figure BAC 25 ]
By using angle sum property in ADC
ACD CAD ADC 180
ADC 180 25 55 100 [From (i)part CAD 55 ]
Thus the value of ADC is 100 .
21. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral of a circle with centre O such that AB is a
diameter of this circle and the length of the chord CD is equal to the radius of
the circle. If AD and BC produced meet at P, show that APB 60 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 130
Ans:
Given, Chord CD= radius OD=radius OC
Therefore, DOC is an equilateral triangle.
Let A x and B y
∵AO=DO and OC=OB (radii of circle)
∴ A ODA and B OCB (opposite angles of equal sides are equal)
By using angle sum property in AOD and BOC
In AODx x AOD 180 AOD 180 2x
Similarly, In BOC y y BOD 180 BOD 180 2 y
AOB is a straight line,
AOD BOC DOC 180
180 2 x 180 2 y 60 180
2 x 2 y 420 180 240
x y 120
In APB by using the angle sum property,
APB x y 180
APB 180 x y
Class X Mathematics [Link] 131
APB 180 120 60
Thus the value of APB is 60 .
22. In the figure, given below, CP bisects angle ACB. Show that DP bisects
angle ADB.
Ans: Since CP is angle bisector of ACB .
Hence, ACP BCP -----(1)
Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are equal.
ACP ADP (Subtended by the chord AP)---------(2)
BCP BDP (Subtended by the chord PB)---------(3)
By eq. (1), (2) and (3)
ADP BDP
Therefore, DP is a bisector of angle BDA.
23. In the figure, given below, AD=BC, BAC 30 and CBD 70 . Find :
Class X Mathematics [Link] 132
(i). BCD
Ans: Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are equal.
CAD and CBD are subtended by the same chord CD.
CAD CBD 70
BAC BDC 30 (Subtended by the chord BC)
Since, BAD BAC CAD 30 70 100
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180
BAD BCD 180
BCD 180 100 80
Thus the value of BCD is 80 .
(ii). BCA
Ans: Since AD=BC and ABCD is an isosceles trapezium. Hence AB||CD.
DCA BAC 30 (Alternate angles)
Since, BCA DCA BCD
BCA 80 30 50 ( From i part BCD 80 )
Thus the value of BCA is 50 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 133
(iii). ABC
Ans: In ABC by using angle sum property,
ABC BCA BAC 180
ABC 180 50 30 100
Thus the value of ABC is 100 .
(iv). ADB
Ans: In a circle, Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are
always equal. ADB And BCA are subtended by the chord AB.
ADB BCA 50 (From ii part BCA 50 )
Thus the value of ADB is 50 .
24. In the given figure, AD is a diameter. O is the centre of the circle. AD is
parallel to BC and CBD 32 . Find :
(i). OBD
Ans: Since, AD||BC ⇒OD||BC
Therefore, ODB DBC 32 (Alternate angles)------(1)
Since, OB=OD (radii of circle)
OBD ODB ------------(2)
By equation (1) and (2)
Class X Mathematics [Link] 134
OBD 32
(ii). AOB
Ans: In BOD by using angle sum property,
OBD ODB BOD 180
BOD 180 2OBD 180 64 116
AD is a diameter that means AOD is a straight line. Hence AOB and BOD is a
linear pair.
AOB BOD 180
AOB 180 116 64
(iii). BED
Ans: OA=OB (radii of circle)
OAB OBA (opposite angles of equal sides are equal)
In AOB by using angle sum property,
OAB OBA AOB 180
2OAB 180 64 116
116
OAB 58
2
DAB OAB 58 (Angle b/w same line segment)
Angles at the circumference subtended by the same chord are equal. Here BED
and DAB are subtended by the chord BD.
BED DAB 58
Thus the value of BED is 58 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 135
25. In the figure given, O is the centre of the circle. DAE 70 . Find giving
suitable reasons, the measure of
(i). BCD
Ans: DAB and DAE is a linear pair. Therefore,
DAB DAE 180
DAB 180 70 110
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and in a cyclic quadrilateral the sum of opposite
angles is 180 .
DAB BCD 180
BCD 180 110 70
Thus the value of BCD is 70 .
(ii). BOD
Ans: In a circle, Angle at centre is doubled the angle at circumference subtended
by the same chord.
Hence, BOD 2BCD
BOD 2 70 140
Thus the value of BOD is 140 .
Class X Mathematics [Link] 136
(iii). OBD
Ans: Since, OB=OD (radii of circle)
OBD ODB
In BOD by using angle sum property,
OBD ODB BOD 180
2OBD 180 140
40
OBD 20
2
