HISTORY PRACTICAL QUESTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The 1942 administrative reform aimed primarily to:
A. Promote democracy
B. Decentralize governance
C. Centralize state power
D. Expand land ownership
2. How many teqlaygezats (governorate-generals) was Ethiopia divided into?
A. 10
B. 12
C. 14
D. 16
3. The head of a teqlaygezat was known as:
A. Shum
B. Negarit
C. Enderase
D. Balabat
4. Which level of administration came directly under teqlaygezat?
A. Zone
B. Awraja
C. Woreda
D. Tabia
5. The lowest administrative unit in the 1942 reform was:
A. Woreda
B. Zone
C. Mikitil Woreda
D. Province
6. One major feature of the administrative reform was:
A. Introduction of federalism
B. Promotion of local elections
C. Appointment of officials by the Emperor
D. Tax exemption for nobles
7. What institution coordinated local administration?
A. Ministry of Finance
B. Ministry of Defense
C. Ministry of Interior
D. Parliament
8. The 1942 administrative law was issued to:
A. Give land to peasants
B. Reestablish provincial nobility
C. Standardize governance across regions
D. Decentralize power to local chiefs
9. Which one was a challenge to administrative reform?
A. High illiteracy rate
B. Political pluralism
C. Strong party system
D. Legal sovereignty of peasants
10. One outcome of the administrative reform was:
A. Increased local autonomy
B. Fragmentation of imperial power
C. Strengthened central authority
D. Separation of church and state

11. The 1955 Constitution was primarily designed to:

A. Decentralize governance
B. Limit the Emperor’s power
C. Reassert imperial control
D. Promote multiparty democracy
12. Which constitution preceded the 1955 version?
A. 1902
B. 1921
C. 1931
D. 1945
13. The 1955 Constitution declared the Emperor as:
A. Head of the judiciary only
B. Symbolic monarch
C. Supreme judge and lawgiver
D. Servant of the people
14. The purpose of revising the constitution in 1955 was to:
S A. Provide universal suffrage
B. Recognize regional independence
C. Integrate Eritrea and gain elite support
D. Protect ethnic autonomy
15. The constitution gave legislative power to:
A. The military
B. The judiciary
C. The Emperor
D. The bicameral parliament
16. Which of the following was NOT a feature of the 1955 Constitution?
A. Popular sovereignty
B. Imperial supremacy
C. A bicameral legislature
D. Limited rights for citizens
17. The Ethiopian Emperor could do all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Appoint judges
B. Veto laws
C. Rule by decree
D. Be impeached by parliament
18. The 1955 Constitution provided legal justification for:
A. Judicial independence
B. Taxation reform
C. Centralized monarchy
D. Peasant ownership of land
19. One of the goals of the revised constitution was to:
A. Transfer power to local officials
B. Create regional parliaments
C. Extend central authority
D. Legalize secession
20. The 1955 Constitution remained in force until:
A. 1960
B. 1965
C. 1974
D. 1991
21. What was the economic base of Ethiopia during Haile Selassie’s reign?
A. Industry
B. Services
C. Agriculture
D. Mining
22. Rist land was typically:
A. Royal land
B. Church land
C. Lineage-based land
D. State-owned land
23. Gult was the right to:
A. Own land permanently
B. Pay land taxes
C. Collect tribute from tenants
D. Distribute land by ballot
24. The qalad system classified land based on:
A. Owner’s age
B. Size
C. Fertility
D. Location
25. What type of land was considered semi-fertile?
A. Lem
B. Tef
C. Lem-tef
D. Gult
26. A major issue in southern Ethiopia was:
A. Peasant ownership
B. State leasing
C. Landlessness
D. Feudal monarchy
27. Which of the following best describes the term "Chisegna"?
A. Tax collector
B. Land donor
C. Tenant farmer
D. Church steward
28. Land sales during this time resulted in:
A. Economic equality
B. Peasant empowerment
 C. Widespread evictions
D. Redistribution to youth
29. Landlords in southern Ethiopia mainly acquired land through:
A. War compensation
B. Hereditary rights
C. State grants
D. Purchase
30. Which group was NOT typically exempt from land tax?
A. Royal families
B. Clergy
C. Tenants
D. Nobles

31. The major export crop in the post-liberation period was:

A. Coffee
B. Maize
C. Sorghum
D. Barley
32. Which of the following countries was NOT a major trading partner in the 1960s?
A. Japan
B. USA
C. Italy
D. China
33. Ethiopia’s First Five-Year Plan focused on:
A. Import substitution
B. Infrastructure and transport
C. Arms development
D. Tourism
34. The Second Five-Year Plan aimed to promote:
A. Agro-industrial development
B. Mining exports
C. Urbanization only
D. Education equality
35. Which of the following hindered industrialization?
A. Overpopulation
B. Technological advancement
 C. Lack of qualified personnel
D. Low demand for exports
36. The Ministry of Education and Fine Arts was established in:
A. 1935
B. 1940
C. 1942
D. 1950
37. What was the dominant education system influence after 1950?
A. British
B. American
C. French
D. Soviet
38. Education expansion focused primarily on:
A. Religious studies
B. Rural peasants
C. Urban elites
D. Women and children
39. What was Ethiopia’s second-largest export after coffee?
A. Livestock
B. Gold
C. Skins and hides
D. Cotton
40. One major limitation of health services was:
A. Lack of patient demand
B. Shortage of urban hospitals
C. Lack of curative care
D. Rural inaccessibility
41. The Ministry of Public Health was established in:
A. 1945
B. 1946
C. 1947
D. 1952
42. What was the main goal of the Third Five-Year Plan (1968–73)?
A. Promote tourism
B. Boost food security
C. Increase military strength
D. Reduce transport costs
43. Which sector saw the most foreign private investment?
A. Industry
B. Health
C. Trade
D. Education
44. The National Economic Council was established in which period?
A. 1940–44
B. 1945–49
C. 1954–55
D. 1959–60
45. A major import item during post-war recovery was:
A. Consumer electronics
B. Arms
C. Machinery
D. Oil
46. One reason development plans failed was:
A. Overemployment
B. Administrative inefficiency
C. Religious restrictions
D. Lack of urban labor
47. Ethiopia’s early industries were primarily based in:
A. Addis Ababa
B. Dire Dawa
C. Asmara
D. Gonder
48. What was one outcome of investment in roads and railways?
A. Immediate food surplus
B. Improved rural-urban link
C. Overuse of air transport
D. Decline in trade
49. Early health services focused more on:
A. Preventive care
B. Curative care in urban centers
C. Mobile clinics
D. Traditional medicine
50. Which challenge persisted in all areas of reform?
A. Lack of interest
B. Opposition from foreign powers
C. Absence of skilled human power
D. Religious conflict