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Tutorial 1

The document outlines a tutorial on batch distillation for the University of KwaZulu-Natal's School of Engineering. It includes three problems focusing on the separation of binary mixtures using distillation techniques, requiring calculations and practical descriptions for achieving desired purities and compositions. The problems involve different mixtures, including perfluoroheptane and perfluorohexane, isopropanol in water, and an acetone-ethanol mixture, along with considerations for distillation stages and operating policies.

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mdletshelondeka40
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29 views2 pages

Tutorial 1

The document outlines a tutorial on batch distillation for the University of KwaZulu-Natal's School of Engineering. It includes three problems focusing on the separation of binary mixtures using distillation techniques, requiring calculations and practical descriptions for achieving desired purities and compositions. The problems involve different mixtures, including perfluoroheptane and perfluorohexane, isopropanol in water, and an acetone-ethanol mixture, along with considerations for distillation stages and operating policies.

Uploaded by

mdletshelondeka40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

University of KwaZulu-Natal

School of Engineering

TUTORIAL: Batch Distillation

Module Code: ENCH3MT Credits: 16


Lecturer: Dr MG Ntunka 2022

Problem 1:

In an attempt to meet the purification needs of many small chemical industries in your area, you
have started a small company and purchased a single stage differential distillation unit.

A nearby industry has brought a binary feed mixture of 60 mol% perfluoroheptane (PFC7) and 40
mol% perfluorohexane (PFC6) and has requested that the components in the mixture be separated
such that the PFC6 occurs at a minimum purity of 97 mol% and the PFC7 occurs at a minimum purity
of 95 mol%.

Describe practically (using words in point form and/or diagrams), how you would use your
distillation unit to achieve this separation. Note that PFC6 is the more volatile component.

Problem 2:

Consider the binary system of Isopropanol (40 mol-%) (MVC) in water to be distilled at 1 atm by
differential distillation.

If 70 mol-% of the charge is vapourised, determine the following:

a) Composition of the liquid residue in the still pot.


b) Composition of accumulative distillate product.

Table 1:Vapour-liquid equilibrium data in mole fraction of isopropanol at 101 kPa.

Note: Composition of the azeotrope is x = y = 0.6854. Boiling point of azeotrope = 80.22 oC

Assume Perfect Mixing in the still and the exiting vapour in equilibrium with the liquid.
Problem 3:

An acetone-ethanol mixture of 0.5 mole fraction acetone is to be separated by batch distillation at


1 atm. The VLE data for the system at the pressure is given below.

a) Assuming an L/D of 1.5 of the minimum, how many stages should this column have if a
distillate composition of 0.9 mole fraction acetone is required at a time when the residue
contains 0.1 mole fraction acetone?

b) Assume the column has eight stages and the reflux rate is varied continuously so that the
top product is maintained constant at 0.9 mole fraction acetone. Make a plot of the reflux
ratio versus the still pot composition and the amount of the liquid left in the still.

c) Assume now that the same distillation is carried out at a constant reflux ratio (and varying
product composition). It is desired to have a residue containing 0.1 and an average product
containing 0.9 mole fraction acetone, respectively. Calculate the total vapour generated.
Which method of operation is more energy intensive?

d) Can you suggest operating policies other than constant reflux ratio and constant distillate
compositions that might lead to equipment and/or cost savings?

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