PANTOGRAPH

– PANTOGRAPH – 25kVAC/1500V DC
• (For proto type) (For series)
• Type AM18-B2 WBL 23.03
• Make Stone India Ltd. Schunk
• Rated Current 400A in AC 60A in AC
• 1100A in DC application 1100A in DC
• Overall length 2240mm
• Locked Height 575mm (with foot insulator 360mm)
• Max. Extended Height 2490mm.
 PANTOGRAPH
• The pantograph is mounted on the motor
coach.
• The pantograph feeds the power from the
overhead line either 25kV AC or 1500 V DC
operation.
• An Electro pneumatic control valve operates
the pantograph. Max. Pressure required for
complete extension /lower are 5kg/sq cm and
3.3 to 4kg /sq cm
 25kV AC SURGE ARRESTORS
• The 25 kV AC surge arrestor protects the
traction system against Overhead line voltage
surges.
• 25kV AC operation, two surge arrestor are
provided. One surge arrestor 34N (Rated
voltage 34KV AC) directly connected to the
pantograph protects the supply voltage-
sensing unit.
 25kV AC SURGE ARRESTORS
• The Second one 32N (Rated voltage 32KV AC)
protects the main transformer and Four
Quadrant Controller in case of opening of the
VCB. Both surge arrestor are mounted on the
vehicle roof.
 DC SURGE ARRESTOR
• A surge arrestor for 1500V DC is mounted on
the pantograph side of the system selector
switch is rated for 2 KV DC.
• In this way the train is always protected against
over voltage coming from 1500V supply.
• All parts of system that are designed for 1500V
DC only are always protected against over
voltage relative to a 1500V system.
 PRIMARY CURRENT TRANSFORMER

• The primary current transformer rated for

75/1A, 3VA is part of the roof bushing.
• In case if over current is detected, this
protects the system and opens the VCB.
LINE VOLTAGE SENSINGTRANSFORMER

• This unit senses the over head line supply and

communicates the type of supply to relay logic
as well as to the traction converter control, to
ensure activation of the proper mode of
operation.
• The relay signals are used to generate
interlock signals for the various line and
changeover switches.
AC/DC SUPPLY CHANGE OVER SWITCH

1. The AC/DC SUPPLY CHANGE OVER SWITCH

(AC/DC COS) rated 25KVAC/1500 V DC, 1000A
is mounted on the roof of the motor coach.
2. It is pneumatically (compressed air) operated
switch consisting of moving arm, witch can
take two different positions.
AC/DC SUPPLY CHANGE OVER SWITCH

• One of these positions corresponds to 25 kV

Ac operation and connects the pantograph to
the main transformer, the other position
corresponds to 1500V DC operation will
connect pantograph to the DC Circuit Breaker
(HSCB).
AC/DC SUPPLY CHANGE OVER SWITCH

• In case no over head line voltage is detected,

the change over contactor will always move to
the AC position. Required air pressure is 4 to 5
Kg/sq. cm.
 VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER
• The VCB is rated for 25KVAC, 50 HZ, 1000A.
• In the AC mode operation, the VCB supplies 25
kV AC to the primary of the main traction
transformer.
• The VCB is operated by pneumatic pressure
through an electric solenoid valve.
• The VCB is mounted on the roof.
 AC EARTHING SWITCH

• The AC earthing switch is a double pole

double throw type switch, connected across
the VCB.
• It is mounted on the roof and mechanically
interlocked with HT room door as safety
precaution i.e. as soon as HT room door is
opened the earthing switch connects the
whole traction system to earth.
 AC EARTHING SWITCH
• This earthing switch ensures proper earthing
of roof mounted power equipment as well as
HT room and under framed mounted power
equipment.
AC EARTHING SWITCH
AC EARTHING SWITCH
 DC EARTHING SWITCH
• The DC earthing is also a double pole double throw
switch, connected across the DC Circuit Breaker
• It is mounted in the Switch Gear Rack and is
mechanically interlocked with HT room door as a
safety precaution i.e. as soon as HT room door is
opened the DC earthing switch connects the
traction system to earth.
• This is done for discharging the DC link capacitors.
 TRACTION TRANSFORMER

• Type - LOT1250
• Primary-1250 KVA continuous corresponding
to 22.5 KV and Primary current 56 Amps.
Secondary 2 x 855VAC at rated continuous
current 731Amps.
• Total weight 3100kgs oil quantity – 530 liters
(510 Kg in weight)
 TRACTION TRANSFORMER
• The transformer is of modular construction
complete with oil pump, oil pump motors,
radiator with blower, conservator and
protection equipment all assembled as a
single module.
• The transformer is provided with two
secondary traction windings suiting to
requirements of IGBT based converters.
 TRACTION TRANSFORMER

• The transformer is under slung mounted and

provided with flexible cable head of suitable
length for connection from circuit breaker
over the roof to a transformer primary.
• Pump and the cooling fans are supplied from
the 415v three-phase system of the auxiliary
supply.
TRACTION TRANSFORMER
TYPE LOT 1250(ABB)
PRIMARY 1250KVA, 22500V, 55A, 50Hz
SECONDARY 2X625KVA, 2X855V, 2X731A
TRANSFER COOLING SYSTEM
 HSCB-DC CIRCUIT BREAKER
• When operating in 1500 V DC, the traction
converter is protected with a DC line breaker.
• The breaker has built in over current detection
facility; hence it will provide protection against
the short circuit.
• The Dc circuit breaker (HSCS) is mounted in HT
compartment.
 LINE FILTERS- L1
(1500 V DC Operation only) 6mH at 1 KHZ
• The line filter choke L1 along with the DC link
capacitors (C1-C4) forms L-C filter.
• This provides an over voltage protection and
also limits the harmonic currents of the system
and the DC link.
 LINE FILTERS- L1

• It protects the traction system against surge

voltages on the overhead supply system.
• The indicator is forced air cooled and provided
in TCC.
 VOLTAGE SENSING SYSTEM-VSS
• The VSS is used to operate the AC/DC COS to
sense the system voltage whether 25 KVAC or
1500VDC automatically through LVT primary
winding in series with 25 Kilo Ohms.
• Accordingly changes the switch arm position
either 25KVAC or 1500VDC.
• This VSS is mounted in the HT compartment.
VOLTAGE SENSING DEVICE
VOLTAGE SENSING DEVICE
VOLTAGE SENSING DEVICE
VOLTAGE SENSING DEVICE
AC INPUT LINE CONTACTOR (K1.1, K1.2), AC
CHARGING CONTACTOR (K4) & RESISTOR (R31).
• The traction converter system contains filter chokes
& capacitors.
• For initial charging of all these reactive components,
the system will have a high inrush current.
• To limit the inrush current, an AC Charging
Contactor K4 (ACCC) is provided in series with a
limiting resistor R31 and this combination is
provided in parallel to the AC line Contactors K1.1 &
K1.2 (ACLC).
AC INPUT LINE CONTACTOR (K1.1, K1.2),
AC CHARGING CONTACTOR (K4) &
RESISTOR (R31).
• The line contactor is closed after the DC link
voltage has reached 90% of the theoretical
final value charge (=√2* U trans. Sec voltage).
• After charging the capacitors the charging
contactor will open and the ACLC will close.
• This ACLC protects traction converter when
operating in 25kV AC.
• The ACLC, ACCC and resistor are mounted in
Switch Gear rack in the HT compartment.
DC LINE CONTACTOR (K6.1, K6.2), DC
CHARGING CONTACTOR (K5.1, K5.2) &
RESISTOR (R32).
• To limit the system initial inrush current when
operating in 1500V DC, the DC Charging
Contactor K5.1 in series with a current limiting
resistor R32 is provided in parallel to DC line
contactor K6.1.
• After charging the capacitors, the DCCC will open
and the DC line contactor will close. This DC line
contactor in series with HSCB protects the
traction converter. These contactors and resistor
are mounted in Traction converter cubicle (TCC).
 100 HZ FILTER CIRCUIT.
• In 25 kV AC operation the train will exchange power
with a single-phase power supply.
• It can be shown mathematically that this means
that the instantaneous power consists of a constant
(DC) terms plus a term which varies sinusoidally
with twice the overhead line supply frequency.
• In order to provide the traction inverter with a
constant flow of electrical power, the latter term is
compensated by a 100 HZ resonant circuit,
connected across the DC link.
 100 HZ FILTER CIRCUIT.
• This 100 HZ frequency will be countered via
the control system of PWMI by software
control.
• Therefore Hardware 100HZ resonant filter is
not necessary.
 TRACTION CONVERTER
• The traction converter works on dual voltage
system i.e. line input of 1500V DC or 950V AC,
1ph, 50HZ AC at 25KV AC line).
• The converter consists of two four quadrant
chopper, one DC link, two PWM Inverters each
delivering two traction motors.
• The converters also include DC link contactors,
transducers, blowers etc.
 TRACTION CONVERTER

• The function of the traction converter is

controlled and monitored by Traction Control
Unit (TCU) SIBAS 32S.
• Forced air cooling by 2nos blower rated for
415V AC each 3.1 KW.
 4QC MODULES (A1, A2 Upper modules.
A11, A12 lower modules)
• Number of 4QCC per TCC – 2
• Semiconductor - IGBT
• Type of phase module - SIBAC BB S P
1500 FL
• Pulse frequency - 750 HZ
• All modules are mounted in TCC.
• A module contains 4 numbers of IGBT.
4QC MODULES (A1, A2 Upper modules. A11,
A12 lower modules)
• In AC mode operation the AC/DC Changeover
Switch, is in AC position selected by LVT & VSS
automatically,
• The modules are used as a 4-Quadrant
controller, to control the exchange of electrical
power between the traction inverter and the
50 Hz AC over head supply.
• The 4 QC is therefore only active when the
train is running on 25 kV AC.
4QC MODULES (A1, A2 Upper modules. A11,
A12 lower modules)
• The two modules A1 & A2 together generate a
sinusoidal PWM voltage across the one of the
upper secondary windings of the main
transformer and other two modules A11 &
A12 together generate a sinusoidal PWM
voltage across the other lower secondary
windings of the main transformer, in such a
way that the resulting primary supply current
has a correct amplitude and the correct phase
relation with overhead line voltage.
4QC MODULES (A1, A2 Upper modules. A11,
A12 lower modules)
• The control principle of 4 QC makes
regenerative breaking just as easy as driving.
• In DC mode operation, the line 1500 DC volts
is fed to the Traction inverter directly.
 DC LINK CIRCUIT
• The DC link capacitors are required as an
energy storage unit.
• It provides the reactive power and serves to
smooth the DC link voltage.
• In DC mode, the DC link capacitor is part of
the LC line filter.
• Capacitor C1-C4 each of 3mF is put in parallel.
Hence the total capacitance is 12mF.
TRACTION INVERTERS(A3, A5, A13, A15)

• Pulse width modulated inverters

• Number of PWMI per TCC - 2
• Number of traction motors per PWMI – 2
• Semiconductors - IGBT
• Type of phase module - SIBAC BB S D 1500 FL
• Pulse frequency - Variable up to 800 HZ
• In this section upper contains three inverter
modules plus Brake chopper module,
TRACTION INVERTERS(A3, A5, A13, A15)
• Each phase module A3, A5, A13, A15 consists
of two inverter branches are needed for one
inverter, the remaining four branches is used
as a brake chopper.
• The traction inverter controls the exchange of
electrical power between the DC link and the
asynchronous traction motors.
TRACTION INVERTERS(A3, A5, A13, A15)
• The inverter consists of three identical power
modules that generate a 3-phase Variable
Voltage Variable Frequency (VVVF) voltage of
the appropriate frequency across the 3 phase
motors connections.
• As a consequence of the operating principle of
the voltage source inverter, dynamic breaking
is just as easy as motoring, so the inverter
enables four quadrant operations a well.
 TRACTION INVERTERS(A3, A5, A13, A15)

• The traction inverter phase modules are mounted in

the TCC.
• Data of the Power Modules
• Rated Voltage 1500VDC
• Max. Voltage 2200VDC
• Rated current 1500 A
• Max. Turn off Current 3600 A
• Pulse frequency 1000 HZ
• Type of cooling Forced air cooling
• Ambient of IGBT MITSUBISHI
 BRAKE CHOPPER MODULE. (A3) –
• Type a Phase module - SIBAC BB S D 1500 FL
• Pulse frequency - 250 HZ
• Consisting of Braking chopper and one phase of
inverter module.
• Generally during dynamic braking, the kinetic
energy is converted to regenerate into the over
head supply, if the line is not receptive, the
regenerated energy must be dissipated in the
braking resistor.
• The brake resistor is mounted on the roof of the
motor coach.
 BRAKE CHOPPER MODULE. (A3) –

• The braking resistor is not rated for full dynamic

braking.
• Instead it has the thermal capacity to accept the full
dynamic breaking power only temporarily, for a
period of two seconds.
• Its purpose is to enable the traction drive to
transfer smoothly from dynamic braking into
friction braking when the overhead supply becomes
non-receptive.
 Brake Chopper:
• Protection resistors are externally connected
to the brake chopper for protection.
• When any serious fault is detected by SIBAS, it
turns off all IGBT modules and fires brake
chopper.
• During this, entire DC link gets discharged
through protection resistors.
 BRAKE RESISTOR
1. During brake blending, it is possible that the
line becomes suddenly non- receptive.
2. The braking efforts being regenerated are
suddenly lost.
3. Although the TCU/BECU shall make up for this
loss by applying additional friction brakes,
there will be a time lag of few seconds due to
application time of friction brakes.
 BRAKE RESISTOR
5. To over come such time lags, a short term
rated braking resistor comes to circuit, the
movement the line becomes non-receptive
and remains in the circuit till the additional
brakes are applied.
6. This ensures practically zero time lags in
switching over thus providing additional
safety feature.
 EARTH FAILURE DETECTOR

• This system detects any earth fault when

operating in 1500V DC and 25Kv AC mode.
• In AC mode the resistance (R41, R42, C75 &
U33 Voltage sensor) are used in earth fault
detection circuit.
• In DC mode the earth fault detected using the
values of current transducers U3- U8. These
components are mounted in TCC.
 EARTH FAILURE DETECTOR
• When an earth fault occurs during in AC & DC
mode, if the earth current is above the
specified maximum the VCB & HSCB will
opened.
 Capacitive Earth fault Detection in the AC Mode

QPSW
Voltage
transfo
-rmer

R41 = 99K, R42 = 33K

During normal operation the transducer depicts ¼ of the total DC link volt-age.
A tolerance of ± 30 % (referring to ¼ of the DC link circuit voltage) is to be taken into
consideration.
 CURRNT TRANDUCERS

• Current Transducers are used to detect the

current
Flowing in the particular circuit for
protection and control
• Current transducers U1 and U2 are used for
sensing the input currents of the 4 quadrant
choppers
A1, A2 & A11, A12 respectively in the AC
Mode.
 CURRNT TRANDUCERS
• Current transducer U3 and U4 are used for
sensing the DC line current in P1 and N1 line
respectively in the DC Mode.
• Current transducers U5 and U6 are used for
sensing the currents in 2 phases for one set of
motors fed from PWM Inverter A3 & A5.
 CURRNT TRANDUCERS
• Current transducers U7 and U8 are used for
sensing the currents in 2 phases for one set of
motors fed from PWM Inverter A13 & A15.
• All the current transducers output is given to
SIBAS control for control, monitoring and
protection
U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6, U7 and U8
(Current transducers
 Voltage Transducers
1. Voltage transducers U31 and U32 are used
for sensing the DC Link voltage in both the AC
Mode and DC Mode.
2. Two sensors are used in parallel to provide
redundancy. In case of failure of one the
other still works.
3. Voltage transducer U33 is used to sense the
earth voltage in AC Mode.
 Voltage Transducers

4. Voltage transducer U34 is used to sense the

DC Line voltage in DC Mode
5. All the voltage transducers output is given to
SIBAS control for control, monitoring and
protection.
TRACTIONMOTORS –Type 1TB2022 – OTA03

Squirrel cage Induction motors, 6-Pole, 3Phase,

cont…Rating – 240 KW (cont), 161 Amps, 1029
RPM, 0.81 PF.93.3% 64HZ.
• Each Traction motors are VVVF controlled
asynchronous induction motors. The traction
motors are self-ventilated.
• The intake of the cooling air is the same as for
the existing DC motors.
 TRACTIONMOTORS –Type 1TB2022 –
OTA03
• The air inlet duct has the same dimensions so
that the existing air inlet bellows can be
mounted on the new traction which out
interfacing problems.
• Each traction motor is provided with speed
sensor only prototype rakes, which is
connected to the traction converter control
electronics by means of 4-wire, shielded
cables.
 TRACTIONMOTORS –Type 1TB2022 –
OTA03

• The traction motors is a axle-hung nose

suspended type, complete with pinion, Roller
suspension Bearing, Gear wheel, Gear case,
Nose suspension, Earth return brush and
rectangular air Bellow.
• After proto type speed sensor less drive through
stator current of the motor calculated by the
software of inverter controlling purpose.
TRACTION MOTORS

SPECIFICATION IEC60349-2
RATED VOLTAGE 932V
RATED CURRENT 200A
RATED POWER 240KW
RATED SPEED 2000rpm
RATED FREQUENCY 101.5Hz
THERMAL CLASS 200
 FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM. (Make – M/s
Wagner)
1. To detect FIRE in the major equipments in the
HT compartments of Fire Detection system is
provided.
2. The major equipments are TCC, ACU & ECAB.
The active Detector ASD-mono 2 plus consists
of following items.
(1)Smoke detection system
(2) Air sampling unit.
 FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM. (Make – M/s
Wagner)

3. Air samples are extracted from the area of the

monitored via an air sampling system with
defined openings and led to the smoke
detectors.
4. If the smoke detectors identifies the smoke
aerosols in the air sample an alarm signal is
displayed at the ASD-MONO 2 Plus.
 FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM. (Make – M/s
Wagner)
5. If the fire is noticed in any of the motor coach
this will give indication of DTC, also fire alarm /
indication is available in that particular motor
coach.
6. Then driver has to come to that motor coach
and then press the starting of the FIRE
EXTINGUSHING PB provided in shunting desk.
The fire extinguishing system is not automatic
only through driver.
 PESSENGER INFORMATION SYSTEM PIS
(Make – M/s Televic)
1. The AC/DC EMUs are provided with
PASSENGER INFORMATION SYSTEM PIS for
driver guard inter communication cum public
address system from M/s TELEVIC supplied by
M/s SIEMENS.
2. It provides voice communication between
guard and driver as well as both the provision
for both the driver and the guard for to make
public announcements.
 PESSENGER INFORMATION SYSTEM PIS
(Make – M/s Televic)
3. Nine speakers are provided in each coach,
with a console, microphone and amplifier
being provided in the leading and trailing
driving trailer coach cabs.
4. The system works on 110 V DC.
5. Apart from speaker in each coach 4nos
passenger information display is provided.
AIR HANDLING UNIT (make – M/s Sidwal)

1. To improve the passenger comfort besides carriage

fans additional blowers are provided for improving
fresh air.
2. Two blowers assembled in a unit called AIR
HANDLING UNIT.
3. Under SDCL condition the CO2 level inside coach
varies from 1000ppm to 1250ppm.
4. The out side fresh air is pumped in the coach to
reduce the CO2 level up to 800ppm. Each blower
capacity is 1.1KW, 415V AC, 50HZ.
AIR HANDLING UNIT (make – M/s Sidwal)

5. There are 2Nos of AHU in a coach is 4.4 KW.

6. Control for this AHU is provided in E/W
SKS/415V AC control panel.