MATH.
LUCY
3.3 Proofs with Parallel Lines
Exploring Converses
Work with a partner. Write the converse of each conditional statement. Draw a diagram to represent
the converse. Determine whether the converse is true. Justify your conclusion.
a. Corresponding Angles Theorem (Theorem 3.1) If two parallel lines are
cut by a transversal, then the pairs of corresponding angles are congruent.
Converse
b. Alternate Interior Angles Theorem (Theorem 3.2) If two parallel lines are cut
by a transversal, then the pairs of alternate interior angles are congruent.
Converse
c. Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem (Theorem 3.3) If two parallel lines are cut
by a transversal, then the pairs of alternate exterior angles are congruent.
Converse
d. Consecutive Interior Angles Theorem (Theorem 3.4) If two parallel lines are cut
by a transversal, then the pairs of consecutive interior angles are supplementary.
Converse
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Theorem 3.5 Corresponding Angles Converse
If two lines are cut by a transversal so the corresponding angles are
congruent, then the lines are parallel.
EXAMPLE 1 Using the Corresponding Angles Converse
Find the value of x that makes m∥n.
1. Is there enough information in the diagram to conclude that m∥n? Explain.
Theorem 3.6 Alternate Interior Angles Converse
If two lines are cut by a transversal so the alternate interior angles are
congruent, then the lines are parallel.
Theorem 3.7 Alternate Exterior Angles Converse
If two lines are cut by a transversal so the alternate exterior angles are
congruent, then the lines are parallel.
Theorem 3.8 Consecutive Interior Angles Converse
If two lines are cut by a transversal so the consecutive interior angles are
supplementary, then the lines are parallel.
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Proving Theorems about Parallel Lines
EXAMPLE 2 Proving the Alternate Interior Angles Converse
Prove that if two lines are cut by a transversal so the alternate interior angles are congruent, then the
lines are parallel.
EXAMPLE 3 Determining Whether Lines Are Parallel
In the diagram, r ∥s and ∠1 is congruent to ∠3. Prove p∥q.
3. If you use the diagram below to prove the Alternate Exterior Angles Converse, what Given and Prove
statements would you use?
4. Copy and complete the following paragraph proof of the Alternate Interior Angles Converse using the
diagram in Example 2.
It is given that ∠4 ≅ ∠5. By the ______, ∠1 ≅ ∠4. Then by the Transitive Property of Congruence
(Theorem 2.2), ______. So, by the ______, g∥h.
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Using the Transitive Property of Parallel Lines
Theorem 3.9 Transitive Property of Parallel Lines If two lines are parallel
to the same line, then they are parallel to each other.
EXAMPLE 4 Using the Transitive Property of Parallel Lines
The flag of the United States has 13 alternating red and white stripes. Each stripe is parallel to the stripe
immediately below it. Explain why the top stripe is parallel to the bottom stripe.
5. Each step is parallel to the step immediately above it. The bottom step is parallel to the ground.
Explain why the top step is parallel to the ground.
6. In the diagram below, p∥q and q∥r. Find m∠8. Explain your reasoning.
In Exercises 33–36, write a proof.
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