Assignment – Redlich/Kister, Margules and Van Laar Equations
Redlich/Kister Equation
Redlich and Kister’s 1948 paper were a seminal work that established the “algebraic
Representation of the thermodynamic properties and classification of non-electrolyte
Solutions.” The paper’s primary goal was to “efficiently utilize laboratory data for the
design of distillation columns,” so it focused on the development of power series
expansions for Excess free energy and activity coefficients. The Redlich-Kister (RK)
equation is powerful Because higher-order terms are corrections to lower-order terms,
resulting in a convergent Series with a finite number of terms. Thus, the RK equation is
a powerful mixing rule form that Can incorporate higher-order terms (allowing for the
incorporation of additional interaction Parameters) required for correlation of the
composition-dependence of non-ideal liquid Mixtures, such as density, enthalpy, and
viscosity.
The Redlich and kister equation is used to arrange the activities of two components in a
Mixture over the entire concentration range, as well as to determine the activities of two
Components. Scientists Prausnitz et al. Described the expansion term of the Redlich-kister
Equation in 1986.
References:
Manley, D., & Sen, S. (n.d.). A Generalized Form of the Redlich-Kister Equation.
Thermosymposium.Org. Retrieved May 25, 2025, from
https://thermosymposium.org/archive/symp17/pdf/Abstract_150.pdf
Levine, I. (2008). Physical Chemistry (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. Retrieved May 25,
2025, from https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/accurate-modeling-activity-
coefficients-mixtures-requires-eq-chapter-10-problem-15-solution-9780072538625-exc
Assignment – Redlich/Kister, Margules and Van Laar Equations
Margules Equation
Max Margules introduced the Margules activity model in 1895 as a simple Thermodynamic
model for the excess Gibbs free energy of a liquid mixture. The Margules Gibbs free
energy model for liquid mixtures is also known as the Margules activity or activity
Coefficient model in chemical engineering.
He introduced the concept of the activity coefficient, and the model could be used to
Calculate the activity coefficients of a compound i in a liquid. Margules one parameter
Equations accurately represents many simple liquid mixtures, as well as mixtures of
Molecules that are similar in size, shape, and chemical nature. The composition of the
one-Parameter Margules equation is symmetrical. Despite its age, the model has the
unique Ability to describe extremes in the activity coefficient, which other models cannot.
References:
Jain, T. (2016, November 4). Estimation of Activity Coefficients for binary mixture VLE
Data Using MATLAB. Academia.Edu. Retrieved May 25, 2025, from
https://www.academia.edu/29668957/Estimation_of_Activity_Coefficients_for_binary_m
ixture_VLE_Data_using_MATLAB
Chapter 11. An Introduction to Activity Models. (n.d.). EBOOKREADING.NET. Retrieved
May 25, 2025, from https://ebookreading.net/view/book/EB9780132788489_23.html
Assignment – Redlich/Kister, Margules and Van Laar Equations
Van Laar Equation
The Van Laar equation is a phase equilibria of liquid mixtures activity model Developed
by Johannes van Laar in 1910-1913. Van der Waals equation was used to derive the Van-
Laar equation. The original van der Waals parameters did not provide a good description
Of vapor-liquid phase equilibria, so the user was forced to fit the parameters to
experimental Results. As a result, the model lost its connection to molecular properties
and must now be Regarded as an empirical model to correlate experimental results.
Where x1 and x2 are the mole fractions of component 1 and 2, respectively; γ1 and γ2
are the Activity coefficients; and A and B are the Van laar constants. If the activity
coefficients at any Given composition are known, then the Van laar constants A and B
can be estimated by Rearranging the equation. If the temperature and pressure at the
azeotropic composition of a System are known, the activity coefficients can be calculated.
The Van Laar equation is only applicable to solutions of relatively simple, preferably Non-
polar liquids. Because of their flexibility and mathematical simplicity, the van Laar
Equations are widely used for vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations. Unless the
temperature Range is small, the van Laar constants vary with temperature. The van Laar
equations can be Used to find unsymmetrical solutions.
References:
Movaliya, S. (n.d.). Van Laar & NRTL Equation in Chemical Engineering
Thermodynamicas. Slideshare. Retrieved May 25, 2025, from
https://www.slideshare.net/satishmovaliya/van-laar-nrtl-equation-in-chemical-
engineering-thermodynamics
Jain, T. (2016, November 4). Estimation of Activity Coefficients for binary mixture VLE
Data Using MATLAB. Academia.Edu. Retrieved May 25, 2025, from
https://www.academia.edu/29668957/Estimation_of_Activity_Coefficients_for_binary_m
ixture_VLE_Data_using_MATLAB
Panchal, H. N. (n.d.). CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYANAMICSII EVALUATION OF
ACTIVITY COEFFICENT Prepared By Hitesh N Panchal Assistant Professor. SlideToDoc.
Retrieved May 25, 2025, from https://slidetodoc.com/chemical-engineering-
thermodyanamicsii-Evaluation-of-activity-coefficent-prepared/
