CHAPTER 9
Analysis and Design of Prestressed
concrete for Shear
Introduction
• At any point shear stress is expressed as,
Ultimate Shear Resistance of
PSC members
• Generally there are two modes of shear
cracking, Web-Shear and Flexure-Shear cracks.
• In general, there are three ways of improving
the shear resistance of structural concrete
members by prestressing techniques :
1. Horizontal or Axial prestressing
2. Prestressing by Inclined or Sloping cables
3. Vertical or Transverse prestressing
1. A PSC beam of span 10 meter of rectangular cross section
120mm wide and 300mm deep is axially prestressed by a
cable carrying an effective force of [Link] beam supports
a total UDL of 5KN/m which includes self weight of the
member Compare the magnitude of principal tension
developed in the beam with and without the axial prestress.
• In the problem instead of axial prestressing there is
curved cable (circular) profile having an eccentricity
of 100mm at center of span and reducing to zero at
the supports is used . The effective prestress force in
cable is 180KN. Estimate the percentage reduction in
the principle tension in comparison with the axial
prestress.
• Ultimate Shear Resistance of Prestressed Concrete
Members
• Two major modes of shear cracking in structural concrete beams
• These two types, generally referred to as web-shear and flexure-
shear cracks
• Web-shear cracks generally start from an interior point, when the
local principal tensile stress exceeds the tensile strength of concrete.
Web-shear cracks are likely to develop in highly prestressed beams
with thin webs , particularly when the beam is subjected to large
concentrated loads near a simple support.
• Flexure-shear cracks are first initiated by flexural cracks in the
inclined direction. Flexureshear cracks develop when the combined
shear and flexural tensile stresses produce a principal tensile stress
exceeding the tensile strength of concrete.
• In members without shear reinforcement, the inclined shear cracks
extend to the compression face resulting in sudden explosive
failures. This is sometimes referred to as the diagonal tensile mode
of failure.
• Case I-No shear Reinforcement
• The code also exempts the use of shear reinforcements in
the following cases:
• (a) Where V is less than 0.5 Vc (shear Capacity)
• (b) In members of minor importance
Case II-Minimum shear Reinforcement
When the ultimate shear force V at any section due to
ultimate loads is less than the shear resistance Vc, then
minimum shear reinforcements should be provided in
the form of vertical stirrups of cross-sectional area
given by the relation,(IS 1343 : 2012,pg33(23.4.3))
• Case III-Shear Reinforcement
• When the ultimate shear force at the section exceeds Vc,
shear reinforcements should be designed using the
relation,,(IS 1343 : 2012,pg33(23.4.3))
Where,
Vc =smaller of Vco (uncracked shear) and Vcr(cracked shear)
dt = depth from the extreme compression fibre either to the
longitudinal bars or to the centroid of the tendons, whichever is
greater.
• SECTIONS UNCRACKED IN FLEXURE :
The ultimate resistance of prestressed concrete
sections with web-shear crack according to IS :
1343-1980 clause 22.4.1 is given by,
• SECTIONS CRACKED IN FLEXURE :
According to the Indian Standard code,
IS:1343-2012 clause 22.4.2 the ultimate shear
resistance of sections cracked in flexure is given by,
Case IV-Redesign of the section
The shear force due to the factored loads must
not exceed the maximum permissible shear force
in the [Link] Max shear stress depends on
the quality of the concrete as given in the code.
If shear force exceeds this value ,then the section
is to be redesigned
The spacing of stirrups along the member
should neither exceed 0.75 dt or four times the
thickness of the web for flanged members.
When V exceeds 1.8 Vc, the maximum spacing
should be reduced to 0.5 dt .
The lateral spacing of the individual legs of
stirrups provided at a cross-section should not
exceed 75 dt .
The code also stipulates that in no circumstances
the maximum shear stress at any section due to
ultimate shear force V, exceeds the appropriate
values compiled in Table 8.2.
• A PSC beam of rectangular section 150 x 300 mm is
prestressed by parabolic cable carrying an effective
prestress of 200kN. The cable has eccentricity of 100 mm at
the centre of the span of 8m reduced to 25 mm at the
supports. The beam supports UDL of 15kN/m including self
weight. Determine the shear resistance of uncracked section
in flexure. Use fck = 45 MPa.
• A section of PSC beam 150 x 300 mm carries a
factored shear of 110 kN and factored BM of 25
kN-m. The prestressing steel index is 0.4 and
effective prestress after all losses is [Link]
compressive stress at centroidal axis due to
prestress is 6.5 [Link] suitable shear
reinforcement. Assume fck 35 N/mm2 and fp 1600
N/mm2. Area of prestressing steel Ap= 150 mm2.
Cover to reinforcement = 60mm and eccentricity
of cable = 90 mm
• Vact = 110kN
Vultimate = τmax x bD = 3.7x150x300 = 133.2kN
Vultimate > Vact
So,
• Vco = 0.67bD √ (ft2 + 0.8fcp ft ) ----------(1)
ft = 0.24* √fck = 1.42 MPa
• fcp = 6.5 MPa
On substituting the values in (1), Vco = 92.4 kN
