OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Fill in the blanks.

(a) refers to the graphical or visual representation of information and data using visual
elements like charts, graphs and maps, etc.
(b) is a collection of methods with matplotlib library which allows the user to construct 2D plots
easily and interactively.
(c) The chart is a graph of plotted points on two axes that shows the relationship between
two sets of data.
(d) is the text that appears on the top of the plot and defines what the chart is about.
(e) The axes of a plot can be labelled using and functions.
(f) A is a summarization tool for discrete or continuous data.
(g) Pyplot module's lets you create histograms.
(h) In a the number of observations is marked with a single point at the midpoint of an interval.
(i) The is used to show the range and the middle half of the ranked data.
(j) The module of Pyplot lets you draw box plots.
(k) Two functions of Pyplot library used to create scatter charts are and
(I) barh() function is used to create bar chart.
(m) The area on which actual plot will appear is defined by
(n) describe the number of data points that fall within a specified range of values.
 (o) To change the orientation of the histogram, we can use argument with hist().
(p) chart can display only one series of data.
(q) are used to explain different sets of data plotted in different colours or mark in the chart.

2. State whether the following statements are True or False.

(a) The matplotlib is a Python interface.
(b) To save the plot, we have to use save graph() function.
(c) Frequency polygons are drawn with respect to the histogram created.
(d) The box plot is also described as five-number summary plot.
(e) In box plot, the highest and lowest scores are not joined to the box by straight lines.
(f) Plot can be saved in a pdf format.
(g) We can specify different colours for different bars of a bar chart.
(h) To use Pyplot for data visualization, we have to import it by giving import command
import matplotlib.pyplot.
(i) pyplot is a Python library.
(j) Frequency polygon is a type of frequency distribution graph.
(k) To specify a common width for all bars in a bar graph, we have to use thick argument.
(I) To add a Title to the plot, we have to call function header().
(m) Markers are data points in the graphs.
(n) Line style argument of plot() function is not required in scatter chart.
(o) When we don't specify X or Y limits for a plot, then Pyplot does not automatically decide limits as per
values being plotted.

3. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

(a) Which Python package is used for 2D graphics?
(i) matplotlib.pyplot (ii) matplotlib.pip (iii) matplotlib.numpy (iv) matplotlib.plt
(b) The most popular data visualization library in Python is:
(i) pip (ii) matinfolib (iii) matplotlib (iv) matpiplib
(c) Matplotlib allows you to create:
(i) table (ii) charts (iii) maps (iv) infographics
(d) Which of the following is not a visualization under matplotlib?
(i) Scatter plot (ii) Histogram (iii) Box plot (iv) Table plot
(e) Which plot displays the distribution of data based on the five-number summary?
(i) Scatter plot (ii) Line plot (iii) Box plot (iv) Chart plot
(f) Which of the following commands is used to install matplotlib for coding?
(i) import plt.matplotlib as plot
(ii) import plot .matplotlib as pt
(iii) import matplotlib.plt as plot
(iv) import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
(g) Which of the following methods should be employed in the code to display a plot()?
(i) show() (ii) display() (iii) execute() (iv) plot()
(h) Which of the following statements is used to create a histogram of 'step' type with 20 bins?
(i) plt .hist (x, bins=20,histype="barstacked")
(ii) plt .hist (x, bins=20)
(iii) plt.hist (x, bins=20,histype="step")
(iv) plt .hist (x, bins=20,histype=hist )
(i) Which of the following plots makes it easy to compare two or more distributions on the same set of
axes?
(i) Box plot (ii) Histogram (iii) Frequency polygon (iv) Bar chart
 (j) The part of chart which identifies different sets of data plotted on plot by using different colours is
called:
(i) legends (ii) title (iii) axes (iv) figure
(k) Which of the following is an incorrect example of savefig() function?
(i) plt.savefig ("bar1.pdf") (ii) plt.savefig("barl.png")
(iii) plt.savefig ("barl.eps") (iv) plt savefig ("barl .ppt")
(I) Which of the following plots makes it easy to compare two or more distributions on the same set of
axes?
(i) Box plot (ii) Histogram (iii) Frequency polygon (iv) Bar chart
(m) Consider the snippet given below:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#arrl,arr2 defined here
colors=['r','b','k','g','m']
sizes=[50,120,220,150,80]
plt.scatter(arrl,arr2, c=colors, s=sizes, marker ="s")
With reference to the above code, what will be the shape of marker?
(i) square (ii) circle (iii) star (iv) diamond
(n) With reference to the code in (m), what will be the colour of the last point?
(i) Red (ii) Blue (iii) Black (iv) Magenta
(o) The scatter() function:
(i) is a more powerful method of creating scatter plots than plot() function
(ii) can create line graph
(iii) can create bar graph
(iv) None of the above
(p) COVID-19 patient analysis in the Mumbai region is to be plotted. The command used to give title to
X-axis as "No. of Patients" in the graph is:
(i) plt. show () (ii) plt .plot ("No. of Patients")
(iii) plt . xlabel ("No. of Patients") (iv) plt.title ("No. of Patients")
(q) Python matplotlib is used to compare multiple variables in a single timeframe or a single
variable in a time series.
(i) line plot (ii) bar graph (iii) Histogram (iv) boxplot

SOLVED QUESTIONS
1. What is matplotlib?
Ans. matplotlib is a plotting library used for creating 2D graphics in Python programming language. It can be
used in Python scripts, shell, web application servers and other graphical user interface toolkits.
2. How can we install matplotlib?
Ans. It is easyto install Python matplotlib library with pip statement— pip install matplotlib.
3. What are the various types of plots offered by matplotlib?
Ans. Matplotlib offers several types of plots:
• Line Graph • Bar Graph
• Histogram • Scatter Plot
• Area Plot • Pie Chart
4. What is data visualization? What is its significance?
Ans. Data visualization is a general term that describes any effort to help people understand the significance of
data by placing it in a visual context. In simple words, Data visualization is the process of displaying data/
information in graphical charts, figures and bars.
 5. Name the functions you will use to create a (i) line chart, (ii) bar chart, (iii) scatter chart.
Ans. (i) matplotlib.pyplot.plot()
(ii) matplotlib.pyplot.bar()
(iii) matplotlib.pyplot.plot() and matplotlib.pyplot.scatter()
6. Mr. Sanjay wants to plot a bar graph for the given set of values of subject on x-axis and number of students
who opted for that subject on y-axis. [CBSE Sample Paper 2020]
Complete the code to perform the following:
(i) To plot the bar graph in statement 1
(ii) To display the graph in statement 2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x= [ 'Hindi ' , 'English', ' Science' , ' SST' ]
y=[10,20,30,40]
Statement 1
Statement 2
Ans. (i) plt.bar(x, y) (ii) plt.show()
7. Mr. Harry wants to draw a line chart using a list of elements named LIST. Complete the code to perform
the following operations:
(i) To plot a line chart using the given LIST,
(ii) To give a y-axis label to the line chart named "Sample Numbers".
import matplotlib.pyplot as PLINE
LIST=[10,20,30,40,50,60]
Statement 1
Statement 2
PLINE . show ( )
Ans. (i) PLINE.plot (LIST)
(ii) PLINE.ylabel ("Sample Numbers")

8. Write a code to plot the speed of a passenger train as shown in the figure given below:
Assume the values for x from 1 to 5 and the other axis is taken as 1.5x, 3.0x and x/3.0.
12
— Normal
10 — Fast
— Slow

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np
x = np.arange(1, 5)
plt.plot(x, x*1.5, label='Normal')
plt.plot(x, x*3.0, label='Fast')
plt.plot(x, x/3.0, label='Slow')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
 9. Consider the code given below (all required libraries
are imported) and the output produced by it. Why is
the chart showing one bar only while we are plotting
four values on the chart?
a = [3, 6, 9, 12]
b = [30, 48, 54, 48]
plt.xlim(-3, 5)
plt.bar (a, b)
plt.show()
Ans. The given chart is showing a single bar as the limits
of X-axis have been set as -3 to 5. On this range,
only one value from the data range being plotted
falls, i.e., only a[0] and b[0] fall on this range. Thus,
only a single value b[0], i.e., 30 is plotted against
a[O], i.e., 3.
10. What changes will you make to the code of previous question so that the bars are visible for all four points?
But do keep in mind that the X-axis must begin from the point -3.
Ans. If we change the limits of X-axis so that all the points being plotted fall in the range of limits, all values will
show. Thus, we have changed the limits from -3 to 15, in place of -3 to 5.
plt xlim(-3, 15)
plt.bar (a, b)
plt.show()
11. Why is the following code not producing any result? Why is it giving error? (Note that all required libraries
have been imported and are available).
a = range(10, 50, 12)
b = range(90, 200, 20)
matplotlib.pyplot .plot (a, b)
Ans. The above code is producing error because the two sequences being plotted, i.e., a and b do not match in
shape. While sequence 'a' contains 4 elements (10, 22, 34 and 46), sequence 'b' contains 6 elements (90,
110, 130, 150, 170 and 190). For plotting, it is necessary that the two sequences being plotted must match
in their shape.
12. What modification is required to rectify the error in previous question code?
Ans. Since both the sequences being plotted must match in their shape, we can achieve this either by adding
two elements to sequence a so that it has the same shape as sequence b (i.e., 6 elements) or by removing
two elements from sequence b so that it matches the shape of sequence a (i.e., 4 elements).
For instance,
a = range(10, 50, 12)
b = range(90, 160, 20)
matplotlib.pyplot.plot (a, b)
13. Consider two lists inputted by a user—one list of daily activities and another list that shows the time taken
daily to do each activity. Draw a pie chart to depict the time taken for daily activities as shown:

Pie chart of daily activity.

study

play

daily_work
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

A=['eat', 'movie', 'study', 'play', 'daily_work', 'sleep']

T=[1,3,5,4,2,9]
plt.pie(T, labels=A, autopct='%1.1f%%')
plt.title ( 'Pie chart of daily activity. ' )
plt .show ()
14. Write a program to plot a bar chart to depict the changing weekly onion prices for four weeks. Give
appropriate axes labels.
week=[1,2,3,4]
price=[40,80,100,70]
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
week=[1,2,3,4]
prices=[40,50,100,70]
plt .bar (week,prices)
plt.xlabel ( 'week' )
plt.ylabel ( ' onion prices')
plt.show()
15. Complete the given code to get the following graph:

import .pyplot as plt

data = [1,11,21,31,41]
plt. ([5,15,25,35,45,55], =[0,10,20,30,40,•50,60],
=[20,10,45,33,6,8], ="red")
plt. ()
Ans. matplotlib
hist; bins; weights; edgecolor
show()
16. What is a scatter chart? How is it different from a line chart?
Ans. A scatter chart is a graph of plotted points that shows the relationship between two sets of data. With a
scatter plot, a mark or marker (usually a dot or small circle) represents a single data point. With one mark
(point) for every data point, a visual distribution of the data can be seen. Depending on how tightly the
points cluster together, you may be able to discern a clear trend in the data.
The difference is that with a scatter plot, the decision is made from the data points such that the individual
points should not be connected directly together with a line but instead express a trend.
17. What is a histogram? How is it useful?
Ans. A histogram is a statistical tool used to summarize discrete or continuous data. It provides a visual
interpretation of numerical data by showing the number of data points that fall within a specified range
of values (called "bins").
 18. Given below is the data about several airlines and flight arrival delay.
Filghts_arr_delay Name
0 11.0 Air India
1 20.0 SpiceJet Ltd.
2 33.0 Jet Airways
3 -18.0 Indigo
4 -25.0 Air India
5 12.0 GoAir
6 19.0 Jet Airways
7 -14.0 SpiceJet Ltd.
8 -8.0 Air India
9 8.0 GoAir

The fight arrival delays are in minutes and negative values mean the flights came early. There are over
300,000 flights with a minimum delay of -60 minutes and a maximum delay of 120 minutes. The other
column is the name of the airline which we can use for comparisons.
Ans. For the plot calls, we specify the binwidth by the number of bins. For this plot, we will use bins that are 5
minutes in length, which means that the number of bins will be the range of the data (from -60 to 120
minutes) divided by the binwidth, i.e., 5 minutes (bins = int(180/5)).
# Import the libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as pit
flights_arr_delay= [-25.0, -18.0, -14.0, Histogram of Arrival Delays
-8.0,8.0,11.0,12.0,1 35000 -
9.0,20.0,33.0] 30000j
# matplotlib histogram
25000
plt.hist (flights_arr_delay, color =
'blue', edgecolor = 'black', 20000

bins = int (180/5)) 15000

# Add labels 10000

pit . title ( 'Histogram of Arrival Delays')
5000,
plt .xlabel (' Delay (min) ')
plt . ylabel ( 'Flights' ) —50 —25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Delay (min)
pit.show()
19. Create a Box plot from the following set of data:
34, 18, 100, 27, 54, 52, 93, 59, 61, 87, 68, 85, 78, 82, 91
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
a = [34, 18, 100, 27, 54, 93, 59, 61, 87, 68, 85, 78, 82, 91]
plt.boxplot(a)
plt.show()
20. Write a Python program to create a pie chart of gold medal achievements of five most successful
countries in the 2016 Summer Olympics. Fetch the data from medal.csv
Sample data: (medal.csv)
country gold_medal
United States 46
Great Britain 27
China 26
Russia 19
Germany 17
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
df = pd.readcsv('medal.csv')
country data = df ["country"]
medal data = df ["gold medal"]
colors = ["brown", "red", "green", "orange", "blue"]
explode = (0.1, 0, 0, 0, 0)
plt.pie(medaldata, labels=country data, explode=explode,
colors=colors, autopct='%1.1f 96 96', shadow=True, startangle=140)
plt.title("Gold medal achievements of five most
successful\n"+"countries in 2016 Summer Olympics")
plt .show ()
21. Create the same Box plot as in C1.19, but change the orientation to horizontal.
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
a = [34, 18, 100, 27, 54, 52, 93, 59, 61, 87, 68, 85, 78, 82, 91]
plt .boxplot (a, vert=False)
plt.show()

22. How are bar charts represented using matplotlib?

Ans. Bar charts display rectangular bars (either vertical or horizontal) with their length proportional to the values
they represent. They are commonly used to visually compare two or more values. The bar() function is
used to generate bar charts in matplotlib. The function expects two lists of values: the X coordinates that
are the positions of the bar's left margin and the height of the bars.
 23. What is the purpose of plot() function?
Ans. plot() is a versatile command and takes an arbitrary number of arguments. For example, plot (x, y) to plot x
versus y.
24. Which function is required to plot a bar graph?
Ans. Bar in place of plot(), i.e., bar() function is used to plot a bar graph.
25. List the methods used with pyplot.
Ans. Various methods used with pyplot object are:
• plot()
• show()
• title()
• xlabel()
• ylabel()
• explode()
• bar()
• hist()
• scatter()
• box plot()
26. Given below are the sugar levels for men and women in a city.
Blood sugar analysis
Compare the sugar levels amongst them through a histogram. 6

Men: [113,85,90,150,149,88,93,115,135,80,77,82,129]
5
Women: [67,98,89,120,133,150,84,69,89,79,120,112,100]
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt I4

blood_sugar_men = [113,85,90,150,149,88,93,
203
115,135,80,77,82,129] 7.3
22
blood_sugar_women = [67,98,89,120,133,150,84,
69,89,79,120,112,100]
plt.xlabel('sugar range') 0 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
plt.ylabel('Total no. of patients') sugar range
150

plt.title ( 'Blood sugar analysis')

plt.hist([bloodsugar_men, blood_sugar_women], bins=[80,100,125,150],
rwidth=0.95, color=['green','orange'], label=['men','women'])
plt.legend()
plt.show()
27. Modify the above code for displaying the histogram horizontally.
Ans. This can be done by using attribute "orientation" in hist() function and setting it to 'horizontal'.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
blood_sugar_men = [113,85,90,150,149,88,93,
115,135,80,77,82,129]
blood_sugar_women = [67,98,89,120,133,150,84, Blood sugar analysis
69,89,79,120,112,100] 150 MI men
NM women

plt.xlabel('sugar range')
plt.ylabel ( 'Total no. of patients')
plt.title ( 'Blood sugar analysis') auo

plt.hist ( [blood_sugar_men, blood_sugar_women] r g no

bins=[80,100,125,150],
rwidth=0.95,
color=[ 'green' , ' orange' ] ,
label= [ 'men' , 'women' ] , sugar range
orientation='horizontal')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
 28. The data below represents the number of pages each student in Class 12C read during reading time.
16,16,16,20,21,21,23,25,26,26,28,28
Which Box plot given below correctly summarizes the data?

®
I
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Ans. B is the correct answer.

The following Box plot correctly summarizes the data:

I
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

16,16,16,20,21,21,23,25,26,26,28,28
Min = 16
21+23
Median (Q2) = = 22
2
Max = 28

16,16,16,20,21,21,23,25,26,26,28,28
16 + 20
Q1 - 2 _18

26 + 26
Q3 = = 26
2
29. Which data set could be represented by the Box plot shown below?

I
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
 0 3,4,8,9,9,10,12,13,13,16,18

0 3,4,7,9,9,10,12,13,13,16,18

0 3,4,8,9,9,12,12,13,13,16,18

0 2,4,7,9,9,10,12,13,13,16,18

Ans.
Q1 median Q3
min max
•

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

The minimum of the box plot is 3.

We can eliminate the data set (D) because it does not have a minimum of 3.
2,4,7,9,9,10,12,13,13,16,18
The median of the box plot is 10.
We can eliminate the data set (C) because it does not have a median of 10.
3,4,8,9,9,12,12,13,13,16,18
The first quartile of the box plot is 7.
We can eliminate the data set (A) because it does not have a first quartile of 7.
3,4,8,9,9,12,12,13,13,16,18
The following data set (B) could be represented by the box plot.
3,4,7,9,9,10,12,13,13,16,18

Q1 median Q3
min max
• •

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

30. Suppose that the box-and-whisker plots below represent quiz scores out of 25 points for Quiz 1 and
Quiz 2 for the same class. What do these box-and-whisker plots show about how the class did on
test #2 compared to test #1?

Test 2 I

Test 1 I

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

Ans. These box-and-whisker plots show that the lowest score, the highest score and Q3 are all the same for both
the exams. So performance on the two exams was quite similar. However, the movement Q1 up from a
score of 6 to a score of 9, indicates that there was an overall improvement. On the first test, approximately
75% of the students scored at or above a score of 6. On the second test, the same number of students
(75%) scored at or above a score of 9.
 31. Which module needs to be imported for showing data in a chart form?
Ans. pyplot module of matplotlib library
32. Plot a line chart to depict a comparison of population between India and Pakistan.
Ans. #Population comparison between India and Pakistan
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
year = [1960, 1970, 1985., 1990, 2000, 2010]
popul_pakistan = [44.91, 58.09, 78.07, 107.7, 138.5, 170.6]
popul_india = [449.48, 553.57, 696.783, 870.133, 1000.4, 1309.1]
plt.plot (year, popul_pakistan, color='green')
plt.plot (year, popul_india, color=iorangel)
plt.xlabel ( 'Year' )
plt.ylabel ( 'Population in million')
plt.title('India v/s Pakistan Population till 2010')
plt.show()

India vs Pakistan Population till 2010

1200 -

1000 -

? wo

8
600
a
400 -

200 -

0
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Year

Iv++; 4.1 ct],t---_:

33. Plot list elements using line chart.
Ans. #To plot list elements using Line Chart
#in Python pyplot
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
plt.plot(list2)
plt.ylabel('some numbers')
plt.show()

6-

E
4.

2-

1 33 4
 34. Write a program to plot list elements between X-axis and Y-axis.
Ans. #Program to plot a simple Line chart holding list elements
#against x-axis and y-axis respectively
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot([1,2,3,4],[1,4,9,16])
plt.xlabel("label for X axis")
plt.ylabel("label for Y axis")
plt.show()

1.0 1:5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3:5 4.0

Iabef for X-axis

*1+41. +1ctIrt1
35. Plot a bar chart to depict the popularity of various programming languages.
Ans. #Program to plot a Bar chart on the basis of popularity of Programming Languages
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
objects = ('DotNet', 'C++', 'Java', 'Python', 'C', 'CGI/PERL' )
y_pos = np. arange (len (objects) )
performance = [8,10,9,20,4,1]
plt.bar(y_pos, performance, align=' center' , color='blue')
plt.xticks(y_pos, objects) #set location and label
plt.ylabel ( 'Usage' )
plt.title ( 'Programming language usage')
plt.show()

Programming language usage

20.0

17.5

15.0

12.5

g10.0

7.5

5.0

2.5

0.0
DotNet C++ Ova PYth00 C CGI/F£RL

4.1+41 +Az-
 36. Write a Python program to draw a line with a suitable label in the X-axis and Y-axis, and a title. The code
snippet gives the output shown in the following screenshot:
_

Draw a line.

140

120

100

x 80-

60 -

40 -

20 -

o.
0 10 20 30 50
X-axis

*I++ 42A17-d
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
X = range (l, 50)
Y = [value * 3 for value in X]
print("Values of X:")
print(range(1,50))
print("Values of Y (thrice of X):")
print(Y)
# Plot lines and/or markers to the Axes.
plt.plot(X, Y)
# Set the x axis label of the current axis.
plt.xlabel('x - axis')
# Set the y axis label of the current axis.
plt.ylabel('y - axis')
# Set a title
plt.title('Draw a line.')
# Display the figure.
plt.show()
>>>
RESTART: C:Msers/preeti/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python37-32/prog_s
olvequeslpyplot.py
Values of X:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
Values of Y (thrice of X):
[3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57,
60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84, 87, 90, 93, 96, 99, 102, 105, 108, 111
r, 114, 117, 120, 123, 126, 129, 132, 135, 138, 141, 144, 147)
>»
V
Ltv 9 Cok 4
 37. Write a Python program to draw a line using given axis values with a suitable label in the X-axis and Y-axis,
and a title. The code snippet gives the output as shown in the following screenshot:

1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00

X-axis

Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# x axis values
x = [1,2,3]
# y axis values
y = [2,4,1]
# Plot lines and/or markers to the Axes.
plt.plot (x, y)
# Set the x axis label of the current axis.
plt.xlabel ( 'X — axis')
# Set the y axis label of the current axis.
plt.ylabel('Y — axis')
# Set a title
plt.title ( 'Sample graph!')
# Display a figure.
plt.show()
38. Write a Python program to plot two or more lines with legends, different widths and colours.

Two or more lines with different widths and colors with suitable legends

40 - linel-width-3
- line2-width-5

35 -

30 -

25 -

20 -

15 -

10 -

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0

X-axis

Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# line 1 points
xl = [10,20,30]
 yl = [20,40,10]
# line 2 points
x2 = [10,20,30]
y2 = [40,10,30]
# Set the x axis label of the current axis.
plt.xlabel('X - axis')
# Set the y axis label of the current axis.
plt.ylabel('Y - axis')
# Set a title
plt.title('Two or more lines with different widths and colors with suitable
legends')
# Display the figure.
plt.plot(xl,yl, color='blue', linewidth = 3, label = 'linel-width-3')
plt.plot(x2,y2, color='red', linewidth = 5, label = 'line2-width-5')
# show a legend on the plot
plt.legend()
plt.show()
39. Write a Python program to plot two or more lines with different styles (dotted lines).

Plot with two or more lines with different styles

40 • • • bne1-dotted
hne2-dashed

35 -

30-
•
N •
g 25 - •
.4e
20 - •
• -
15 - •
`'•
10 -

10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0

X-axis

Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# line 1 points
xl = [10,20,30]
yl = [20,40,10]
# line 2 points
x2 = [10,20,30]
y2 = [40,10,30]
# Set the x axis label of the current axis.
plt.xlabel('X - axis')
# Set the y axis label of the current axis.
plt.ylabel('Y - axis')
# Plot lines and/or markers to the Axes.
plt.plot(xl,y1, color='blue', linewidth = 3, label = 'linel-dotted',
linestyle='dotted')
plt.plot(x2,y2, color='red', linewidth = 5, label = 'line2-dashed',
linestyle='dashed')
# Set a title
plt.title("Plot with two or more lines with different styles")
# show a legend on the plot
plt.legend()
# function to show the plot
plt.show()
 40. Write a Python program to create a bar plot of scores by group and gender. Use multiple X values on
the same chart for men and women.
Sample Data:
Means (men) = (22, 30, 35, 35, 26)
Means (women) = (25, 32, 30, 35, 29)
Ans. import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# data to plot
n_groups = 5
men means = (22, 30, 35, 35, 26)
women means = (25, 32, 30, 35, 29)
y_pos = np.arange (len (men means) )
plt .bar (2*y_pos, women means, color=igy , label="Women' s score")
plt .bar (2*y_pos+1, men means, color= 'b' ,label="Men' s score")
plt.xlabel ( 'Person' )
plt . ylabel ( 'Scores ' )
plt.title ( 'Scores by person')
plt.legend()
plt . show ()

Scores by person

35

25

20

15

10

0
0 4 6
Person

411<-1+) +14P-F-i

41. Plot a square using grid() in pyplot.

Ans. #To plot a square through function using pyplot
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def square (x, y) :
I I I

Objective: To plot a square

Input Parameters: x, y - lists of x coordinates and y
coordinates respectively
Return Value: None
I I I

if (x[1] - x[0]) <= 0:

return
plt .plot (x, y,
return squareUx[0]+1, x[1]-1, x[2]-1, x[3]+1, x[4]+1], [Y[0]+1, y[1]+1,
y[2]-1, y[3]-1, y[4]+l])
def main() :
VII

Objective: To plot a square based on user input

Input Parameter: None
Return Value: None
I I I

size = int (input ( 'Enter size of the square: '))

 Fife Edit Shen Debug Options Window Hidp

Python 3.7.0 (v3.7.0:1bf9cc5093, Jun 27 2018, 04:06:47) [MSC v.1914 32 bit (Inte
1)) on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

RESTART: C:/Users/preeti/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python37-32/prog_pyplot3
.PY
Enter size of the square: 10

re

0-

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42. Depict the relationship between Unemployment Rate and Stock Index Price through a scatter plot.

Unemployment_Rate Stock_Index_Price
6.1 1500
5.8 1520
5.7 1525
5.7 1523
5.8 1515
5.6 1540
5.5 1545
5.3 1560
5.2 1555
5.2 1565

Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

Unemployment Rate = [6.1,5.8,5.7,5.7,5.8,5.6,5.5,5.3,5.2,5.2]
Stock Index Price = [1500,1520,1525,1523,1515,1540,1545,1560,1555,1565]
plt.scatter(Unemployment_Rate, Stock_Index_Price, color='green')
plt.title ( 'Unemployment Rate Vs Stock Index Price', fontsize=14)
plt .xlabel ( 'Unemployment Rate', fontsize=14)
plt.ylabel ( 'Stock Index Price', fontsize=14)
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
 Unemployment Rate vs Stock Index Price
•
1560 •
•
1550
Stock In dex Pr ice

1540 •
1530

1520 •
•
1510

1500 •

5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0

Unemployment Rate

UNSOLVED QUESTIONS
1. Plot a line chart for depicting the population for the last 5 years as per the specifications given below:
• plt.title("My Title") will add a title "My Title" to your plot.
• plt.xlabel("Year") will add a label "Year" to your X-axis.
• plt.ylabel("Population") will add a label "Population" to your Y-axis.
• plt.xticks([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) set the numbers on the X-axis to be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Pass it and label as a second
argument. For example, if we use this code plt.xticks([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], r1M", "2M", "3M", "4M", "5M1),
it will set the labels 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M, 5M on the X-axis.
• plt.yticks() — works the same as plt.xticks(), but for the Y-axis.
2. What is matplotlib?
3. What do you mean by pyplot?
4. How many types of graphs are plotted using pyplot?
5. Explain the utility of explode().
6. How is a pie chart different from a bar graph?
7. Which function is used to show the graph?
8. Write a Python program to draw a line with a suitable label in the X-axis and Y-axis, and a title.
9. Write a Python program to plot two or more lines with legends, different widths and colours.
10. Write a Python program to plot two or more lines and set the line markers.
11. Write a Python program to create a pie chart with the title of the Stream and percentage of Student's
Strength. Make multiple wedges of the pie.
Sample data:
Stream : Science, Commerce, Humanities, Vocational, FMM
Strengths: 29%, 30%, 21%, 13%, 7%
12. Write a Python program to display a bar chart of the number of students in a class. Use different colours
for each bar.
Sample data:
Class :1,11,111,1V,V,VI,VII,V111,1X,X
Strengths: 40,43,45,47,49,38,50,37,43,39
13. Write a Python program to display a horizontal bar chart of the number of students in a class.
Sample data:
Class :1,11,111,1V,V,VI,VII,V111,1X,X
Strengths: 40,43,45,47,49,38,50,37,43,39
14. Plot a pie chart of a class test of 40 students based on random sets of marks obtained by the students
(MM=100).
15. Plot a line graph for: y2=4*x
16. Write a Python program to plot the function y = x2 using the matplotlib library.
17. Name the various methods used with pyplot object.
18. Write the specific purpose of the following functions used in plotting:
(i) shape() (ii) legend()
19. Plot a histogram of a class test of 40 students based on random sets of marks obtained by the students
(MM=100).
20. A list, namely temp contains average temperature for seven days of last week. You want to see how the
temperature changes in the last seven days. Which chart type will you plot for the same and why?
21. Write the code to practically produce a chart of the previous question (i) using line chart, (ii) using scatter chart.

22. Collect data about colleges in Delhi University or any other university of your choice and number of courses
they run for Science, Commerce and Humanities, store it in a CSV file and present it using a bar plot.
23. Collect and store data related to the screen time of students in your class separately for boys and girls and
present it using a boxplot.
24. What is a histogram? How do you create histograms in Python?
25. What are the various types of histograms that can be created through hist() function?
26. When should you create histograms and when should you create bar charts to present data visually?
27. What is a frequency polygon? How do you create it?
28. What is Box plot? How do you create it in Pyplot?
29. Given the following set of data:
Weight measurements for 14 values of muffins (in grams)
78, 72, 69, 81, 63, 67, 65
79, 74, 71, 83, 71, 79, 80
(a) Create a simple histogram from the above data.
(b) Create a horizontal histogram from the above data.
(c) Create a step type of histogram from the above data.
(d) Create a cumulative histogram from the above data.
30. Create/draw frequency polygon from the data used in the above question.
31. From the following ordered set of data:
63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 71, 72, 74, 75, 78, 79, 79, 80, 81, 83
(a) Create a horizontal box plot
(b) Create a vertical box plot
32. Kritika was asked to write the names of a few libraries in Python used for data analysis and one method of
each. Help her write at least 3 libraries and their methods.
33. The data below represents the number of workouts each member of ABC Gym attended last month.
4, 5, 7, 7, 7, 8, 10, 11, 11, 13, 13, 14
Which Box plot correctly summarizes the data?

O
•
 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

34. The following amounts (in Z) were the hourly collection from BIG MARKET, a local store, in one day in
December:
19, 26, 25, 37, 32, 28, 22, 23, 29, 34, 39 and 31.
Construct the box-and-whisker plot for the amount collected.
35. Visit data.gov.in, search for the following in "catalogs" option of the website:
• Final population totals, India and states
• State-wise literacy rate
Download them and create a CSV file containing population data and literacy rate of the respective state.
Also, add a column Region to the CSV file that should contain the values East, West, North and South. Plot
a scatter plot for each region where X-axis should be population and Y-axis should be literacy rate. Change
the marker to a diamond and size as the square root of the literacy rate. Group the data on the column
region and display a bar chart depicting average literacy rate for each region.
36. Differentiate between figure and axes.
37. What is the use of subplot() function? Write its parameters.

CASE-BASED/SOURCE-BASED INTEGRATED QUESTIONS

1. Hindustan Departmental Stores sell items of daily use such as shampoo, soap and much more.
They record the entire sale and purchase of goods month-wise so as to get a proper analysis of profit or
loss in their business transactions.
Following is the csv file containing the "Company Sales Data".

somparty_safes datacsv - Microsoft

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B C 0 E F G H I J
-1 month_numbrfacecrearr facewash toothpast bathmgsoap shampoo motstunzt totalun t totalfirof it
1
2 1 2500 1500 5200 9200 1200 1500 21100 211000
3 2 2610 1200 5100 6100 2100 1200 18330 153300
4 3 2140 1340 4550 9550 3550 22470 224700
5 4 3400 1130 5870 8870 1870 1130 22270 222700
6 5 3600 1740 4560 7760 1560 1740 20960 209600
7 6 2760 1555 4890 7490 1890 1555 20140 201400
8 7 2980 1120 4780 89SO 1780 1340
1120 29550 295500
9 8 3704 1400 5860 9960 2860 1400 36140 361400
10 9 3540 1780 6100 8100 2100 1780 23400 234000
11 10 1990 1890 8300 10300 2300 1890 26670 266700
12 11 2340 2100 7300 13300 2400 2100 41280 412800
13 12 2900 1760 7400 14400 1800 1760 30020 300200
14
N I ► N company sales data °.0
Ready 10" k-4 i+r
 Read the total profit of all months and show it using a line plot. Total profit data has been provided for each
month. Generated line plot must include the following properties:
• X label name = Month Number
• Y label name = Total profit
Ans.
prog_company_sales.py -C/UsersiprketilAFpoata E a al/Programs/Pyihon/Pytlwn3a-32/progeompany_sales.Py(3.7 —

File Edit Format Run Options Window Help

:import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df = pd.read_csv("D:/company_sales_data.csv")
I profitList = df [ total_profiti] .tolist 0 #converting dataframe into a list
monthList = df 'month_number' .tolist 0
plt.plot(monthList, profitList, label = 'Month-wise Profit data of last year')
;p1t.xlabel ('Month number')
Iplt.ylabel('Profit in dollar')
Iplt.xticks(monthList)
plt.title('Company profit per month')
Iplt.yticks([100000, 200000, 300000, 400000, 500000])
Iplt.show()

fro 17 Cot: 0

Company profit per month

500000

400000

p 300000

200000 -

100000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ' 8 ' 9' 10 11 12
Month number

+icki I cnI
2. NXP Labs is a leading supplier of embedded controllers with a strong legacy in both the industrial and
consumer market. It manufactures microcontrollers on a large scale and exports largely to European
nations. The format of their operations is described as:
The cost breakdown for a manufactured item, like a microcontroller, can be divided into four cost categories:
engineering (including design), manufacturing (including raw materials), sales (including marketing) and
profit.
These cost categories applied to a $9.00 microcontroller:
• Engineering $1.35
• Manufacturing $3.60
• Sales $2.25
• Profit $1.80
Develop a pie chart using matplotlib that describes the cost breakdown of building a microcontroller.
Ans.

Fik Edit Format Run Options Window Help

pie chart that describes the cost breakdown of
#building a microcontroller
import matplotlib.pyplot as pit

sizes = (1.35, 3.60, 2.25, 1.80)

labels = 'Engineering', 'Manufacturing', 'Sales', 'Profit'

plt.pie (sizes,
labels = labels)
plt.title('Cost breakdown of a $9 microcontroller')
plt.axis('equal')
plt.show()

Figure 1

Cost breakdown of a $9 microcontroller

Manufacturing

Engineering

Profit

Sales

41+1+11itk-t I ILI)