Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Topic A Topic C
Lesson 1: Generating Equivalent Lesson 16: The Most Famous
Expressions Ratio of All

Lessons 2: Generating Lesson 17: The Area of a

Equivalent Expressions Circle

Lesson 3: Writing Products as Lesson 18: More Problems on

Sums and Sums as Products Area and Circumference

Lesson 4: Writing Products as Lesson 19: Unknown Area on

Sums and Sums as Products the Coordinate Plane

Lesson 5: Using the Identity & Lesson 20: Composite Area

Inverse to Write Expressions Problems

Lesson 6: Collecting Rational

Lesson 21: Surface Area
Number Like Terms

Lesson 22: Surface Area

Topic B
Lesson 7: Understanding Lesson 23: The Volume of a
Equations Right Prism
Lesson 8: Using If-Then Moves Lesson 24: The Volume of a
in Solving Equations Right Prism
Lesson 9: Using If-Then Moves Lesson 25: Volume and
in Solving Equations Surface Area
Lesson 10: Angle Problems and Lesson 26: Volume and
Solving Equations Surface Area
Lesson 11: Angle Problems and
Solving Equations

Lesson 12: Properties of

Inequalities

Lesson 13: Inequalities

Lesson 14: Solving Inequalities

Lesson 15: Graphing Solutions

to Inequalities

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 1 – Generating Equivalent Expressions

Essential Questions:

Vocabulary

Variable

Numerical
Expression

Value of a
Numerical
Expression

Expression

Equivalent
Expressions

An Expression
in Expanded
Form

Term

Coefficient of
the Term

An Expression
in Standard
Form

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Opening Exercise - Each envelope contains a number of triangles and a number of quadrilaterals.
For this exercise, let 𝒕 represent the number of triangles, and let 𝒒 represent the number of
quadrilaterals.
a. Write an expression using 𝑡
and 𝑞 that represents the
total number of sides in
your envelope. Explain
what the terms in your
expression represent.

b. You and your partner have

the same number of
triangles and quadrilaterals
in your envelopes. Write an
expression that represents
the total number of sides
that you and your partner
have. If possible, write
more than one expression
to represent this total.

c. Each envelope in the class

contains the same number
of triangles and
quadrilaterals. Write an
expression that represents
the total number of sides
in the room.

d. Use the given values of 𝑡

and 𝑞 and your expression
from part (a) to determine
the number of sides that
should be found in your
envelope.

e. Use the same values for 𝑡

and 𝑞 and your expression
from part (b) to determine
the number of sides that
should be contained in your
envelope and your partner’s
envelope combined.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

f. Use the same values for 𝑡

and 𝑞 and your expression
from part (c) to determine
the number of sides that
should be contained in all
of the envelopes combined.

g. What do you notice about

the various expressions in
parts (e) and (f)?

Example 1: Any Order, Any Grouping Property with Addition

Rewrite 5𝑥 + 3𝑥 and 5𝑥 − 3𝑥 by
combining like terms. Write the
original expressions and expand
each term using addition. What are
the new expressions equivalent to?

Find the sum of 2𝑥 + 1 and 5𝑥.

Find the sum of −3𝑎 + 2 and 5𝑎 − 3.

Example 2: Any Order, Any Grouping with Multiplication

Find the product of 2𝑥 and 3.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3: Any Order, Any Grouping in Expressions with Addition and Multiplication

Use any order, any grouping to write equivalent expressions.

3(2𝑥)

4𝑦(5)

4∙2∙𝑧

3(2𝑥) + 4𝑦(5)

3(2𝑥) + 4𝑦(5) + 4 ∙ 2 ∙ 𝑧

Alexander says that 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 is

equivalent to (3)(4) + 𝑥𝑦
because of any order, any
grouping. Is he correct? Why
or why not?

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 1 - Independent Practice

For Problems 1–9, write equivalent expressions by combining like terms. Verify the equivalence of
your expression and the given expression by evaluating each for the given values: 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 5, and
𝑐 =– 3.

1. 3𝑎 + 5𝑎 2. 8𝑏 − 4𝑏 3. 5𝑐 + 4𝑐 + 𝑐

4. 3𝑎 + 6 + 5𝑎 5. 8𝑏 + 8 − 4𝑏 6. 5𝑐 − 4𝑐 + 𝑐

7. 3𝑎 + 6 + 5𝑎 − 2 8. 8𝑏 + 8 − 4𝑏 − 3 9. 5𝑐 − 4𝑐 + 𝑐 − 3𝑐

Use any order, any grouping to write equivalent expressions by combining like terms. Then, verify
the equivalence of your expression to the given expression by evaluating for the value(s) given in
each problem.

10. 3(6𝑎); for 𝑎 = 3

11. 5𝑑(4); for 𝑑 = −2

12. (5𝑟)(−2); for 𝑟 = −3

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

13. 3𝑏(8) + (−2)(7𝑐); for 𝑏 = 2, 𝑐 = 3

1
14. −4(3𝑠) + 2(−𝑡); for 𝑠 = , 𝑡 = −3
2

15. 9(4𝑝) − 2(3𝑞) + 𝑝; for 𝑝 = −1, 𝑞 = 4

1 1
16. 7(4𝑔) + 3(5ℎ) + 2(−3𝑔); for 𝑔 = , ℎ =
2 3

The problems below are follow-up questions to Example 1, part (b) from Classwork: Find the sum of
2𝑥 + 1 and 5𝑥.

17. Jack got the expression 7𝑥 + 1 and then wrote his answer as 1 + 7𝑥. Is his answer an equivalent
expression? How do you know?

18. Jill also got the expression 7𝑥 + 1, and then wrote her answer as 1𝑥 + 7. Is her expression an
equivalent expression? How do you know?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 2 – Generating Equivalent Expressions

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise

Additive inverses have a sum of zero. Fill in the center column of the table with the opposite of
the given number or expression, then show the proof that they are opposites. The first row is
completed for you.

Expression Opposite Proof of Opposites

1 −1 1 + (−1) = 0

−7

1
−
2

3𝑥

𝑥+3

3𝑥 − 7

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 1: Subtracting Expressions

Subtract: Opposite of a sum is the | Order of Operations

sum of its opposites
(40 + 9) − (30 + 2).

Subtract: Opposite of a sum is the | Order of Operations

(3𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 4) − (4𝑥 + 11) sum of its opposites

Example 2: Combining Expressions Vertically

Find the sum by aligning the

expressions vertically.
(5𝑎 + 3𝑏 − 6𝑐) + (2𝑎 − 4𝑏 + 13𝑐)

Find the difference by aligning

the expressions vertically.
(2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 4) − (5𝑥 + 2)

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3: Using Expressions to Solve Problems

A stick is 𝑥 meters long. A string is 4 times as long as the stick.

Express the length of the

string in terms of 𝑥.

If the total length of the string

and the stick is 15 meters long,
how long is the string?

Example 4: Expressions from Word Problems

It costs Margo a processing fee of $3 to rent a storage unit, plus $17 per month to keep her
belongings in the unit. Her friend Carissa wants to store a box of her belongings in Margo’s
storage unit and tells her that she will pay her $1 toward the processing fee and $3 for
every month that she keeps the box in storage. Write an expression in standard form that
represents how much Margo will have to pay for the storage unit if Carissa contributes.
Then, determine how much Margo will pay if she uses the storage unit for 6 months.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 5: Extending Use of the Inverse to Division

Multiplicative inverses have a product of 1. Find the multiplicative inverses of the terms in the
first column. Show that the given number and its multiplicative inverse have a product of 1. Then,
use the inverse to write each corresponding expression in standard form. The first row is
completed for you.

Use each inverse to write its

Multiplicative Proof—Show that
Given corresponding expression below in
Inverse their product is 𝟏.
standard form.
1
3∙ 12 ÷ 3
3
1 3 1 1
3 ∙ 12 ∙
3 1 3 3
3 4
=1
3
65 ÷ 5

3
6 ÷ (− )
5
3
−
5

12𝑥 ÷ 2𝑥

2𝑥

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 2 - Independent Practice

1. Write each expression in standard form. Verify that your expression is equivalent to the one
given by evaluating each expression using 𝑥 = 5.

a. 3𝑥 + (2 − 4𝑥) b. 3𝑥 + (−2 + 4𝑥) c. −3𝑥 + (2 + 4𝑥)

d. 3𝑥 + (−2 − 4𝑥) e. 3𝑥 − (2 + 4𝑥) f. 3𝑥 − (−2 + 4𝑥)

g. 3𝑥 − (−2 − 4𝑥) h. 3𝑥 − (2 − 4𝑥) i. −3𝑥 − (−2 − 4𝑥)

j. In problems (a)–(d) above, what effect does addition have on the terms in parentheses
when you removed the parentheses?

k. In problems (e)–(i), what effect does subtraction have on the terms in parentheses when
you removed the parentheses?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

2. Write each expression in standard form. Verify that your expression is equivalent to the one
given by evaluating each expression for the given value of the variable.

a. 4𝑦 − (3 + 𝑦); 𝑦 = 2 b. (2𝑏 + 1) − 𝑏; 𝑏 = −4 c. (6𝑐 − 4) − (𝑐 − 3);

𝑐 = −7

1
d. (𝑑 + 3𝑑) − (−𝑑 + 2); e. (−5𝑥 − 4) − (−2 − 5𝑥); f. 11𝑓 − (−2𝑓 + 2); 𝑓 =
2
𝑑=3 𝑥=3

g. −5𝑔 + (6𝑔 − 4); 𝑔 = −2 h. (8ℎ − 1) − (ℎ + 3); ℎ = −3 i. (7 + 𝑤) − (𝑤 + 7);

𝑤 = −4

j. (2𝑔 + 9ℎ − 5) − (6𝑔 − 4ℎ + 2); 𝑔 = −2 and ℎ = 5

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3. Write each expression in standard form. Verify that your expression is equivalent to the one
given by evaluating both expressions for the given value of the variable.
1 3 3
a. −3(8𝑥); 𝑥 = b. 5 ∙ 𝑘 ∙ (−7); 𝑘 = c. 2(−6𝑥) ∙ 2; 𝑥 =
4 5 4

1 2
d. −3(8𝑥) + 6(4𝑥); 𝑥 = 2 e. 8(5𝑚) + 2(3𝑚); 𝑚 = −2 f. −6(2𝑣) + 3𝑎(3); 𝑣 = ; 𝑎 =
3 3

4. Write each expression in standard form. Verify that your expression is equivalent to the one
given by evaluating both expressions for the given value of the variable.
1
a. 8𝑥 ÷ 2; 𝑥 = − b. 18𝑤 ÷ 6; 𝑤 = 6 c. 25𝑟 ÷ 5𝑟; 𝑟 = −2
4

d. 33𝑦 ÷ 11𝑦; 𝑦 = −2 e. 56𝑘 ÷ 2𝑘; 𝑘 = 3 f. 24𝑥𝑦 ÷ 6𝑦; 𝑥 = −2; 𝑦 = 3

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

5. For each problem (a)–(e), write an expression in standard form.

a. Find the sum of −3𝑥 and 8𝑥.

b. Find the sum of −7𝑔 and 4𝑔 + 2.

c. Find the difference when 6ℎ is subtracted from 2ℎ − 4.

d. Find the difference when −3𝑛 − 7 is subtracted from 𝑛 + 4.

e. Find the result when 13𝑣 + 2 is subtracted from 11 + 5𝑣.

f. Find the result when −18𝑚 − 4 is added to 4𝑚 − 14.

g. What is the result when −2𝑥 + 9 is taken away from −7𝑥 + 2?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

6. Marty and Stewart are stuffing envelopes with index cards. They are putting 𝑥 index cards in
each envelope. When they are finished, Marty has 15 stuffed envelopes and 4 extra index
cards, and Stewart has 12 stuffed envelopes and 6 extra index cards. Write an expression in
standard form that represents the number of index cards the boys started with. Explain what
your expression means.

7. The area of the pictured rectangle below is 24𝑏 ft 2 . Its width is 2𝑏 ft. Find the height of the
rectangle and name any properties used with the appropriate step.

2𝑏 ft.

___ ft. 24𝑏 ft 2

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 3 – Writing Products as Sums and Sums as Products

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise
Solve the problem using
a tape diagram. A sum
of money was shared
between George and
Brian in a ratio of 3: 4.
If the sum of money
was $56.00, how much
did George get?

Key Term Distributive

Property

Example 1- Represent using Tape Diagrams

Represent 3 + 2 using a tape

diagram.

Represent 𝑥 + 2 using a tape

diagram.

Draw a rectangular array for

3(3 + 2).

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Draw a rectangular array for

3(𝑥 + 2).

Exercise 1
Determine the area of each region using the distributive property.

Example 2 Draw a tape diagram to represent each expression.

(𝑥 + 𝑦) + (𝑥 + 𝑦) + (𝑥 + 𝑦)

(𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥) + (𝑦 + 𝑦 + 𝑦)

3𝑥 + 3𝑦

3(𝑥 + 𝑦)

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3
Find an equivalent expression by modeling with a rectangular array and applying the distributive property to the
expression 5(8𝑥 + 3).

Exercise 2
For parts (a) and (b), draw an array for each expression and apply the distributive property to
expand each expression. Substitute the given numerical values to demonstrate equivalency.

a. 2(𝑥 + 1), 𝑥 = 5

b. 10(2𝑐 + 5), 𝑐 = 1

For parts (c) and (d), apply the distributive property. Substitute the given numerical values to
demonstrate equivalency.

c. 3(4𝑓 − 1), 𝑓 = 2

d. 9(−3𝑟 − 11), 𝑟 = 10

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 4

Rewrite the expression

6𝑥 + 15) ÷ 3
in standard form using the
distributive property.

Exercise 3
Rewrite the expressions as a sum.

(2𝑏 + 12) ÷ 2

(20𝑟 − 8) ÷ 4

(49𝑔 − 7) ÷ 7

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 5

Expand the expression

4(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧).

Exercise 4

Expand the expression from a

product to a sum by removing
grouping symbols using an area
model and the repeated use of
the distributive property:
3(x + 2y + 5z).

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 6

A square fountain area with side length 𝑠 ft. is bordered by a single row of square tiles as shown.

Express the total number of tiles needed in terms of 𝑠 three different ways.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 3 - Independent Practice

1.
a. Write two equivalent expressions that represent the rectangular array below.

b. Verify informally that the two expressions are equivalent using substitution.

2. You and your friend made up a basketball shooting game. Every shot made from the free throw
line is worth 3 points, and every shot made from the half-court mark is worth 6 points. Write
an equation that represents the total amount of points, 𝑃, if 𝑓 represents the number of shots
made from the free throw line, and ℎ represents the number of shots made from half-court.
Explain the equation in words.

3. Use a rectangular array to write the products in standard form.

a. 2(𝑥 + 10)

b. 3(4𝑏 + 12𝑐 + 11)

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. Use the distributive property to write the products in standard form.

a. 3(2𝑥 − 1) g. (40𝑠 + 100𝑡) ÷ 10

b. 10(𝑏 + 4𝑐) h. (48𝑝 + 24) ÷ 6

c. 9(𝑔 − 5ℎ) i. (2𝑏 + 12) ÷ 2

d. 7(4𝑛 − 5𝑚 − 2) j. (20𝑟 − 8) ÷ 4

e. 𝑎(𝑏 + 𝑐 + 1) k. (49𝑔 − 7) ÷ 7

f. (8𝑗 − 3𝑙 + 9)6 (14𝑔 + 22ℎ) ÷

1
l.
2

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

5. Write the expression in standard form by expanding and collecting like terms.
a. 4(8𝑚 − 7𝑛) + 6(3𝑛 − 4𝑚)

b. 9(𝑟 − 𝑠) + 5(2𝑟 − 2𝑠)

c. 12(1 − 3𝑔) + 8(𝑔 + 𝑓)

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 4 – Writing Products as Sums and Sums as Products

Essential Questions:

Example 1

a. 2(𝑥 + 5)

b. 3(𝑥 + 4)

c. 6(𝑥 + 1)

d. 7(𝑥 − 3)

e. 5𝑥 + 30

f. 8𝑥 + 8

g. 3𝑥 − 12

h. 15𝑥 + 20

Exercise 1
Rewrite the expressions as a product of two factors

72𝑡 + 8

55𝑎 + 11

36𝑧 + 72

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

144𝑞 − 15

3𝑟 + 3𝑠

Example 2

Let the variables x and y

stand for positive integers,
and let 2x, 12y, and 8
represent the area of three
regions in the array.
Determine the length and
width of each rectangle if the
width is the same for each
rectangle.

Exercise 2

Write the product and sum of

the expressions being
represented in the rectangular
array.

Factor 48𝑗 + 60𝑘 + 24 by finding

the greatest common factor of
the terms.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 3
For each expression, write each sum as a product of two factors. Emphasize the importance of the
distributive property. Use various equivalent expressions to justify equivalency.

a. 2∙3+5∙3 b. (2 + 5) + (2 + 5) + (2 + 5) c. 2 ∙ 2 + (5 + 2) + (5 ∙ 2)

d. 𝑥∙3+5∙3 e. (𝑥 + 5) + (𝑥 + 5) + (𝑥 + 5) f. 2𝑥 + (5 + 𝑥) + 5 ∙ 2

g. 𝑥∙3+𝑦∙3 h. (𝑥 + 𝑦) + (𝑥 + 𝑦) + (𝑥 + 𝑦) i. 2𝑥 + (𝑦 + 𝑥) + 2𝑦

Example 3

A new miniature golf and arcade opened up in town. For convenient ordering, a play package is
available to purchase. It includes two rounds of golf and 20 arcade tokens, plus $3.00 off the
regular price. There is a group of six friends purchasing this package. Let 𝑔 represent the cost of
a round of golf, and let 𝑡 represent the cost of a token. Explain how each expression describes the
situation in a different way.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 4

What is the opposite of 2?

What are two mathematical

expressions that represent the
opposite of (2a + 3b)

Use the distributive property to

write (-1)(2a + 3b) as equivalent
expressions.

Exercise 4

What is the opposite of

(−6𝑣 + 1)?

Using the distributive property,

write an equivalent expression

Example 5

Rewrite 5𝑎 − (𝑎 − 3𝑏) in standard

form. Justify each step, applying
the rules for subtracting and the
distributive property.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 5
Expand each expression and collect like terms.

−3(2𝑝 − 3𝑞)

−𝑎 − (𝑎 − 𝑏)

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 4 - Independent Practice

1. Write each expression as the product of two factors.

a. 1∙3+7∙3 f. 2ℎ + (6 + ℎ) + 6 ∙ 2

b. (1 + 7) + (1 + 7) + (1 + 7) g. 𝑗∙3+𝑘∙3

h. (𝑗 + 𝑘) + (𝑗 + 𝑘) + (𝑗 + 𝑘)
c. 2 ∙ 1 + (1 + 7) + (7 ∙ 2)

i. 2𝑗 + (𝑘 + 𝑗) + 2𝑘
d. ℎ∙3+6∙3

e. (ℎ + 6) + (ℎ + 6) + (ℎ + 6)

2. Write each sum as a product of two factors.

a. 6∙7+3∙7 f. 3𝑥 + (2 + 𝑥) + 5 ∙ 2

b. (8 + 9) + (8 + 9) + (8 + 9) g. 𝑓∙6+𝑔∙6

c. 4 + (12 + 4) + (5 ∙ 4) h. (𝑐 + 𝑑) + (𝑐 + 𝑑) + (𝑐 + 𝑑) + (𝑐 + 𝑑)

d. 2𝑦 ∙ 3 + 4 ∙ 3 i. 2𝑟 + 𝑟 + 𝑠 + 2𝑠

e. (𝑥 + 5) + (𝑥 + 5)

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3. Use the following rectangular array to answer the questions below.

a. Fill in the missing information.

b. Write the sum represented in the rectangular array.

c. Use the missing information from part (a) to write the sum from part (b) as a product of
two factors.

4. Write the sum as a product of two factors.

a. 81𝑤 + 48

b. 10 − 25𝑡

c. 12𝑎 + 16𝑏 + 8

5. Xander goes to the movies with his family. Each family member buys a ticket and two boxes of
popcorn. If there are five members of his family, let 𝑡 represent the cost of a ticket and 𝑝
represent the cost of a box of popcorn. Write two different expressions that represent the
total amount his family spent. Explain how each expression describes the situation in a
different way.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

6. Write each expression in standard form.

a. −3(1 − 8𝑚 − 2𝑛)

b. 5 − 7(−4𝑞 + 5)

c. −(2ℎ − 9) − 4ℎ

d. 6(−5𝑟 − 4) − 2(𝑟 − 7𝑠 − 3)

7. Combine like terms to write each expression in standard form.

a. (𝑟 − 𝑠) + (𝑠 − 𝑟)

b. (−𝑟 + 𝑠) + (𝑠 − 𝑟)

c. (−𝑟 − 𝑠) − (−𝑠 − 𝑟)

d. (𝑟 − 𝑠) + (𝑠 − 𝑡) + (𝑡 − 𝑟)

e. (𝑟 − 𝑠) − (𝑠 − 𝑡) − (𝑡 − 𝑟)

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 5 – Using the Identity and Inverse to Write

Equivalent Expressions
Essential Questions:

Opening Exercises
1. In the morning, Harrison checked
the temperature outside to find that
it was −12℉. Later in the afternoon,
the temperature rose 12℉. Write an
expression representing the
temperature change. What was the
afternoon temperature?

2. Rewrite subtraction as adding the

inverse for the following problems
and find the sum.
a. 2−2
b. −4 − (−4)
c. The difference of 5 and 5
d. 𝑔−𝑔

3. What pattern do you notice in

Opening Exercises 1 and 2?

4. Add or subtract.
a. 16 + 0
b. 0−7
c. −4 + 0
d. 0+𝑑

5. What pattern do you notice in parts

(a) through (d)?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

6. Your younger sibling runs up to you

and excitedly exclaims, “I’m thinking
of a number. If I add it to the
number 2 ten times, that is, 2 + my
number + my number + my number…
and so on, then the answer is 2.
What is my number?” You almost
immediately answer, “zero,” but are
you sure? Can you find a different
number (other than zero) that has
the same property? If not, can you
justify that your answer is the only
correct answer?

Example 1
Write the sum and then write an equivalent expression by collecting like terms and removing parentheses. State
the reasoning for each step.

a. 2𝑥 and −2𝑥 + 3

b. 2𝑥 − 7 and the opposite of 2𝑥

c. The opposite of (5𝑥 − 1) and 5𝑥

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 1
With a partner, take turns alternating roles as writer and speaker. The speaker verbalizes how to
rewrite the sum and properties that justify each step as the writer writes what is being spoken
without any input. At the end of each problem, discuss in pairs the resulting equivalent expressions.

Write the sum and then write an equivalent expression by collecting like terms and removing
parentheses whenever possible.

a. −4 and 4𝑏 + 4

b. 3𝑥 and 1 − 3𝑥

c. The opposite of 4𝑥 and −5 + 4𝑥

d. The opposite of −10𝑡 and 𝑡 − 10𝑡

e. The opposite of (−7 − 4𝑣)

and −4𝑣

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 2
3 4
 (4) × (3) =
1
 4×4=
1
 ×9=
9
1
 (− 3) × −3 =
6 5
 (− 5) × (− 6) =

Write the product and then write the expression in standard form by removing
parentheses and combining like terms. Justify each step.

a. The multiplicative inverse

1 1
of and (2𝑥 − )
5 5

b. The multiplicative inverse

of 2 and (2𝑥 + 4)

c. The multiplicative inverse

1 1
of ( ) and
3𝑥+5 3

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 2
Write the product and then write the expression in standard form by removing parentheses and
combining like terms. Justify each step.

a. The reciprocal of 3 and

−6𝑦 − 3𝑥

b. The multiplicative inverse

of 4 and 4ℎ − 20

c. The multiplicative inverse

1 1
of − and 2 − 𝑗
6 6

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 5 - Independent Practice

1. Fill in the missing parts.
a. The sum of 6𝑐 − 5 and the opposite of 6𝑐
(6𝑐 − 5) + (−6𝑐)

Rewrite subtraction as addition

6𝑐 + (−6𝑐) + (−5)

0 + (−5)

Additive identity property of zero

b. The product of −2𝑐 + 14 and the multiplicative inverse of −2

1
(−2𝑐 + 14) (− )
2

1 1
(−2𝑐) (− ) + (14) (− )
2 2

Multiplicative inverse, multiplication

1𝑐 − 7 Adding the additive inverse is the same as subtraction

𝑐−7

2. Write the sum and then rewrite the expression in standard form by removing parentheses and collecting like
terms.
a. 6 and 𝑝 − 6

b. 10𝑤 + 3 and – 3

c. −𝑥 − 11 and the opposite of −11

39
 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

d. The opposite of 4𝑥 and 3 + 4𝑥

e. 2𝑔 and the opposite of (1 − 2𝑔)

3. Write the product and then rewrite the expression in standard form by removing parentheses and collecting
like terms.
a. 7ℎ − 1 and the multiplicative inverse of 7

b. The multiplicative inverse of −5 and 10𝑣 − 5

c. 9 − 𝑏 and the multiplicative inverse of 9

1 1
d. The multiplicative inverse of and 5𝑡 −
4 4

1 1 1
e. The multiplicative inverse of − and −
10𝑥 10𝑥 10

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. Write the expressions in standard form.

1 1
a. (4𝑥 + 8) d. (2𝑥 + 4)
4 8

1 3
b. ( 𝑟 − 6) e. (5𝑥 − 1)
6 4

4 1
c. ( 𝑥 + 1) f. (10𝑥 − 5) − 3
5 5

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 6 – Collecting Rational Number Like Terms

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise
Solve each problem, leaving your answers in standard form. Show your steps.

1. Terry weighs 40 kg. Janice

3
weighs 2 kg less than Terry.
4
What is their combined
weight?

2 1 4
2. 2 −1 −
3 2 5

1
3. + (−4)
5

3
4. 4( )
5

3
5. Mr. Jackson bought 1 lb. of
5
3
beef. He cooked of it for
4
lunch. How much does he
have left?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

2 3 1 2
Example 1 3
𝑛− 𝑛+ 𝑛+2 𝑛
4 6 9
Rewrite the expression in
standard form by collecting like
terms.

Exercise 1
For the following exercises, predict how many terms the resulting expression will have after
collecting like terms. Then, write the expression in standard form by collecting like terms.
2 1 3 4
a. 𝑔− −𝑔+ 𝑔−
5 6 10 5

3 1 1 1
b. 𝑖 + 6𝑖 − 𝑖 + ℎ + 𝑖 − ℎ + ℎ
7 3 2 4

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 2

At a store, a shirt was marked down in price by $10.00. A pair of pants doubled in price.
Following these changes, the price of every item in the store was cut in half. Write two
different expressions that represent the new cost of the items, using 𝑠 for the cost of
each shirt and p for the cost of a pair of pants. Explain the different information each one
shows.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 2 Use the information from Example 2

Write two different
expressions that represent the
total cost of the shirts if tax
1
was of the original price.
10

Example 3

Write this expression in 1 1 1 1

5 − (3 ) ( 𝑥 − )
standard form by collecting like 3 3 2 4
terms. Justify each step.

Exercise 3
Rewrite the following expressions in standard form by finding the product and collecting like terms.

1 1 1
a. −6 − ( + 𝑦)
3 2 2

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

2 1 1 1
b. + ( 𝑓−1 )
3 3 4 3

Example 4

Model how to write the expression in standard form using rules of rational numbers.
𝑥 2𝑥 𝑥 + 1 3𝑥 − 1
+ + +
20 5 2 10
Method 1 Method 2

Evaluate the original expression when

x = 20 to see if you get the same
answer.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 4

Rewrite the following 2ℎ ℎ ℎ − 4

− +
expression in standard 3 9 6
form by finding common
denominators and collecting
like terms.

Example 5

Rewrite the following expression in standard form.

2(3𝑥 − 4) 5𝑥 + 2
−
6 8

Method 1: Method 2a: Method 2b: Method 3:

1(3𝑥 − 4) 5𝑥 + 2 6𝑥 − 8 5𝑥 + 2 1 5𝑥
− − (3𝑥 − 4) − (
3 8 6 8 3 8
1
8(3𝑥 − 4) 3(5𝑥 + 2) 6 8 5 2 + )
− 4(6𝑥 − 8) 3(5𝑥 + 2) 4
24 24 − 𝑥− − 𝑥−
24 8 6 6 8 8
((24𝑥 − 32) − (15𝑥 + 6)) 4 5 1
4 5𝑥 1 𝑥− − 𝑥−
24 𝑥− − − 3 8 4
3 8 4
(24𝑥 − 32 − 15𝑥 − 6) 5 4 1
5 4 1 1𝑥 − 𝑥 − −
24 1𝑥 − 𝑥 − − 8 3 4
(24𝑥 − 32 − 15𝑥 − 6) 8 3 4
9𝑥 − 38 3 16 3
24 3 16 3 𝑥− −
24 𝑥− − 8 12 12
9𝑥 − 38 8 12 12
9𝑥 38 3 19
24 − 3 19 𝑥−
24 24 𝑥− 8 12
9𝑥 38 8 12
−
24 24
3 19
𝑥−
8 12
3 19
𝑥−
8 12

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 5

Write the following 2𝑥 − 11 3(𝑥 − 2)

−
expression in standard 4 10
form.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 6 - Independent Practice

1. Write the indicated expressions.
1
a. 𝑚 inches in feet.
2

2
b. The perimeter of a square with 𝑔 cm sides.
3

c. The number of pounds in 9 oz.

3
d. The average speed of a train that travels 𝑥 miles in hour.
4

1 1
e. Devin is 1 years younger than Eli. April is as old as Devin. Jill is 5 years older than April.
4 5
If Eli is 𝐸 years old, what is Jill’s age in terms of 𝐸?

2. Rewrite the expressions by collecting like terms.

1 3 3 1 1 1 1
a. 𝑘− 𝑘 d. −𝑝 + 𝑞 − 𝑞+ − 𝑝+2 𝑝
2 8 5 10 9 9 3

2𝑟 7𝑟 5 𝑦
b. + e. 𝑦−
5 15 7 14

1 1 3 1 2 5 3𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
c. − 𝑎− 𝑏− + 𝑏− 𝑏+ 𝑎 f. − +2
3 2 4 2 3 6 8 4 2

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3. Rewrite the expressions by using the distributive property and collecting like terms.
4 2 3 2 3
a. (15𝑥 − 5) k. (ℎ + ) − (ℎ − )
5 3 4 3 4

4 1 2 3 2 3
b. ( 𝑐 − 5) l. (ℎ + ) + (ℎ − )
5 4 3 4 3 4

4 2 1 𝑘 4𝑘
c. 2 𝑣 − (4𝑣 + 1 ) m. − −3
5 3 6 2 5

1 1 3𝑡 + 2 𝑡−4
d. 8 −4( 𝑟 − 3 ) n. +
8 2 7 14

1 9𝑥 − 4 3𝑥 + 2
e. (14𝑥 + 7) − 5 o. +
7 10 5

1 3(5𝑔 − 1) 2𝑔 + 7
f. (5𝑥 − 15) − 2𝑥 p. −
5 4 6

1 3 3𝑑 + 1 𝑑−5 7
g. (𝑝 + 4) + (𝑝 − 1) q. − + +
4 5 5 2 10

7 5 9𝑤 2𝑤 − 7 𝑤−5
h. (𝑤 + 1) + (𝑤 − 3) r. + −
8 6 6 3 4

4 1 1+𝑓 1+𝑓 3−𝑓

i. (𝑐 − 1) − (2𝑐 + 1) s. − +
5 8 5 3 6

2 3 1 3
j. (ℎ + ) − (ℎ + )
3 4 3 4

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 7 – Understanding Equations

Essential Questions:

Key Terms

Variable

Equation

Number Sentence

Solution

51
 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Opening Exercise
Your brother is going to college, so you no longer have to share a bedroom. You decide to
redecorate a wall by hanging two new posters on the wall. The wall is 14 feet wide and each poster
is four feet wide. You want to place the posters on the wall so that the distance from the edge of
each poster to the nearest edge of the wall is the same as the distance between the posters, as
shown in the diagram below. Determine that distance.

Your parents are redecorating the dining room and want to place two rectangular wall sconce lights
2
that are 25 inches wide along a 10 feet wall so that the distance between the lights and the
3
distances from each light to the nearest edge of the wall are all the same. Design the wall and
determine the distance.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Let the distance between a light

and the nearest edge of a wall
be 𝑥 ft. Write an expression in
terms of 𝑥 for the total length
of the wall. Then, use the
expression and the length of
the wall given in the problem to
write an equation that can be
used to find that distance.

Now write an equation where 𝑦

stands for the number of
inches: Let the distance
between a light and the nearest
edge of a wall be 𝑦 inches.
Write an expression in terms of
𝑦 for the total length of the
wall. Then, use the expression
and the length of the wall to
write an equation that can be
used to find that distance (in
inches).

What value(s) of 𝑦 makes the

second equation true: 24, 25, or
26?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example

The ages of three sisters are consecutive integers. The sum of their ages is 45.

a. Use a tape diagram to find

their ages.

b. If the youngest sister is 𝑥

years old, describe the
ages of the other two
sisters in terms of 𝑥, write
an expression for the sum
of their ages in terms of 𝑥,
and use that expression to
write an equation that can
be used to find their ages.

c. Determine if your answer

from part (a) is a solution
to the equation you wrote
in part (b).

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise
Sophia pays a $19.99 membership fee for an online music store.

a. If she also buys two songs

from a new album at a price
of $0.99 each, what is the
total cost?

b. If Sophia purchases 𝑛
songs for $0.99 each, write
an expression for the total
cost.

c. Sophia’s friend has saved

$118 but is not sure how
many songs she can afford
if she buys the
membership and some
songs. Use the expression
in part (b) to write an
equation that can be used
to determine how many
songs Sophia’s friend can
buy.

d. Using the equation written

in part (c), can Sophia’s
friend buy 101, 100, or
99 songs?

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 7 - Independent Practice

1. Check whether the given value is a solution to the equation.

a. 4𝑛 − 3 = −2𝑛 + 9 𝑛=2

10
b. 9𝑚 − 19 = 3𝑚 + 1 𝑚=
3

c. 3(𝑦 + 8) = 2𝑦 − 6 𝑦 = 30

2. Tell whether each number is a solution to the problem modeled by the following equation.
Mystery Number: Five more than −8 times a number is 29. What is the number?

Let the mystery number be represented by 𝑛.

The equation is 5 + (−8)𝑛 = 29.

a. Is 3 a solution to the equation? Why or why not?

b. Is −4 a solution to the equation? Why or why not?

c. Is −3 a solution to the equation? Why or why not?

d. What is the mystery number?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3. The sum of three consecutive integers is 36.

a. Find the smallest integer using a tape diagram.

b. Let 𝑛 represent the smallest integer. Write an equation that can be used to find the
smallest integer.

c. Determine if each value of 𝑛 below is a solution to the equation in part (b).

𝑛 = 12.5
𝑛 = 12
𝑛 = 11

4. Andrew is trying to create a number puzzle for his younger sister to solve. He challenges his
sister to find the mystery number. “When 4 is subtracted from half of a number the result is
1
5.” The equation to represent the mystery number is 𝑚 − 4 = 5. Andrew’s sister tries to
2
guess the mystery number.

a. Her first guess is 30. Is she correct? Why or why not?

b. Her second guess is 2. Is she correct? Why or why not?

1
c. Her final guess is 4 . Is she correct? Why or why not?
2

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 8 – Using If Then Moves in Solving Equations

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise

Recall and summarize the if-then

moves.

Write 3 + 5 = 8 in as many true

equations as you can using the if-
then moves. Identify which if-
then move you used.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 1

Julia, Keller, and Israel are volunteer firefighters. On Saturday, the volunteer fire
department held its annual coin drop fundraiser at a streetlight. After one hour, Keller had
collected $42.50 more than Julia, and Israel had collected $15 less than Keller. The three
firefighters collected $125.95 in total. How much did each person collect?

Find the solution using a tape

diagram.

What were the operations we

used to get our answer?

The amount of money Julia

collected is 𝑗 dollars. Write an
expression to represent the
amount of money Keller collected
in dollars.

Using the expressions for Julia

and Keller, write an expression to
represent the amount of money
Israel collected in dollars.

Using the expressions written

above, write an equation in terms
of 𝑗 that can be used to find the
amount each person collected.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Solve the equation written above

to determine the amount of money
each person collected and
describe any if-then moves used.

Example 2

You are designing a rectangular pet pen for your new baby puppy. You have 30 feet of fence
1
barrier. You decide that you would like the length to be 6 feet longer than the width.
3

Draw and label a diagram to

represent the pet pen. Write
expressions to represent the
width and length of the pet pen.

Find the dimensions of

the pet pen.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3

Nancy’s morning routine involves getting dressed, eating breakfast, making her bed, and
1
driving to work. Nancy spends of the total time in the morning getting dressed, 10
3
minutes eating breakfast, 5 minutes making her bed and the remaining time driving to work.
1
If Nancy spent 35 minutes getting dressed, eating breakfast, and making her bed, how long
2
was her drive to work?

Write and solve this problem

using an equation. Identify the
if-then moves used when solving
the equation.

Is your answer reasonable?

Explain.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 4

The total number of participants who went on the seventh-grade field trip to the Natural
Science Museum consisted of all of the seventh-grade students and 7 adult chaperones.
Two-thirds of the total participants rode a large bus and the rest rode a smaller bus. If 54
of them rode the large bus, how many students went on the field trip?

Arithmetic Approach Algebraic Approach

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 8 - Independent Practice

Write and solve an equation for each problem.

1. The perimeter of a rectangle is 30 inches. If its length is three times its width, find the
dimensions.

2. A cell phone company has a basic monthly plan of $40 plus $0.45 for any minutes used over 700.
Before receiving his statement, John saw he was charged a total of $48.10. Write and solve an
equation to determine how many minutes he must have used during the month. Write an
equation without decimals.

2
3. A volleyball coach plans her daily practices to include 10 minutes of stretching, of the entire
3
practice scrimmaging, and the remaining practice time working on drills of specific skills. On
Wednesday, the coach planned 100 minutes of stretching and scrimmaging. How long, in hours,
is the entire practice?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. The sum of two consecutive even numbers is 54. Find the numbers.

5. Justin has $7.50 more than Eva and Emma has $12 less than Justin. Together, they have a total
of $63.00. How much money does each person have?

6. Barry’s mountain bike weighs 6 pounds more than Andy’s. If their bikes weigh 42 pounds
altogether, how much does Barry’s bike weigh? Identify the if-then moves in your solution.

7. Trevor and Marissa together have 26 t-shirts to sell. If Marissa has 6 fewer t-shirts than
Trevor, find how many t-shirts Trevor has. Identify the if-then moves in your solution.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

1
8. A number is of another number. The difference of the numbers is 18. (Assume that you are
7
subtracting the smaller number from the larger number.) Find the numbers.

1
9. A number is 6 greater than another number. If the sum of the numbers is 21, find the
2
numbers.

10. Kevin is currently twice as old now as his brother. If Kevin was 8 years old 2 years ago, how old
is Kevin’s brother now?

11. The sum of two consecutive odd numbers is 156. What are the numbers?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

12. If 𝑛 represents an odd integer, write expressions in terms of 𝑛 that represent the next three
consecutive odd integers. If the four consecutive odd integers have a sum of 56, find the
numbers.

13. The cost of admission to a history museum is $3.25 per person over the age of 3; kids 3 and
under get in for free. If the total cost of admission for the Warrick family, including their two
6-month old twins, is $19.50, find how many family members are over 3 years old.

14. Six times the sum of three consecutive odd integers is −18. Find the integers.

15. I am thinking of a number. If you multiply my number by 4, add −4 to the product, and then
1
take of the sum, the result is −6. Find my number.
3

16. A vending machine has twice as many quarters in it as dollar bills. If the quarters and dollar
bills have a combined value of $96.00, how many quarters are in the machine?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 9 – Using If-Then Moves in Solving Equations

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise

Heather practices soccer and

piano. Each day she practices
piano for 2 hours. After 5 days,
she practiced both piano and
soccer for a total of 20 hours.
Assuming that she practiced
soccer the same amount of time
each day, how many hours per
day, ℎ, did Heather practice
soccer?

Over 5 days, Jake practices

piano for a total of 2 hours.
Jake practices soccer for the
same amount of time each day.
If he practiced piano and soccer
for a total of 20 hours, how
many hours, ℎ, per day did Jake
practice soccer?

Example 1

Fred and Sam are a team in the local 138.2 mile bike-run-athon. Fred will compete in the
bike race, and Sam will compete in the run. Fred bikes at an average speed of 8 miles per
hour and Sam runs at an average speed of 4 miles per hour. The bike race begins at 6:00
a.m., followed by the run. Sam predicts he will finish the run at 2:33 a.m. the next morning.

a. How many hours will it take

them to complete the
entire bike-run-athon?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

b. If 𝑡 is how long it takes

Fred to complete the bike
race, in hours, write an
expression to find Fred’s
total distance.

c. Write an expression, in
terms of 𝑡 to express
Sam’s time.

d. Write an expression, in
terms of 𝑡, that
represents Sam’s total
distance.

e. Write and solve an

equation using the total
distance both Fred and
Sam will travel.

f. How far will Fred bike, and

how much time will it take
him to complete his leg of
the race?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

g. How far will Sam run

and how much time will
it take him to
complete his leg of the
race?

Total Time Fred’s Time Sam’s Time

(hours) (hours) (hours)

10 6

15 12

20 8

18.35 8

20.55 𝑡

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 2

Shelby is seven times as old as Bonnie. If in 5 years, the sum of Bonnie and Shelby’s ages is 98, find
Bonnie’s present age. Use an algebraic approach.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 9 - Independent Practice

𝑛
1. A company buys a digital scanner for $12,000. The value of the scanner is 12,000 (1 − ) after 𝑛
5
years. The company has budgeted to replace the scanner when the trade-in value is $2,400.
After how many years should the company plan to replace the machine in order to receive this
trade-in value?

2. Michael is 17 years older than John. In 4 years, the sum of their ages will be 49. Find Michael’s
present age.

3. Brady rode his bike 70 miles in 4 hours. He rode at an average speed of 17 mph for 𝑡 hours and
at an average rate of speed of 22 mph for rest of the time. How long did Brady ride at the
slower speed? Use the variable 𝑡 to represent the time, in hours, Brady rode at 17 mph.

4. Caitlan went to the store to buy school clothes. She had a store credit from a previous return
in the amount of $39.58. If she bought 4 of the same style shirt in different colors and spent a
total of $52.22 after the store credit was taken off her total, what was the price of each shirt
she bought? Write and solve an equation with integer coefficients.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

5. A young boy is growing at a rate of 3.5 cm per month. He is currently 90 cm tall. At that rate,
in how many months will the boy grow to a height of 132 cm?

1 1 1
6. The sum of a number, of that number, 2 of that number, and 7 is 2 . Find the number.
6 2 2

7. The sum of two numbers is 33 and their difference is 2. Find the numbers.

8. Aiden refills three token machines in an arcade. He puts twice the number of tokens in machine
3
A as in machine B, and in machine C, he puts what he put in machine A. The three machines
4
took a total of 18,324 tokens. How many did each machine take?

9. Paulie ordered 250 pens and 250 pencils to sell for a theatre club fundraiser. The pens cost 11
cents more than the pencils. If Paulie’s total order costs $42.50, find the cost of each pen and
pencil.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

10. A family left their house in two cars at the same time. One car traveled an average of 7 miles
1
per hour faster than the other. When the first car arrived at the destination after 5 hours
2
of driving, both cars had driven a total of 599.5 miles. If the second car continues at the same
average speed, how much time, to the nearest minute, will it take before the second car
arrives?

11. Emily counts the triangles and parallelograms in an art piece and determines that there are
altogether 42 triangles and parallelograms. If there are 150 total sides, how many triangles and
parallelograms are there?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

2
12. Stefan is three years younger than his sister Katie. The sum of Stefan’s age 3 years ago and
3
of Katie’s age at that time is 12. How old is Katie now?

13. Lucas bought a certain weight of oats for his horse at a unit price of $0.20 per pound. The total
cost of the oats left him with $1. He wanted to buy the same weight of enriched oats instead,
but at $0.30 per pound, he would have been $2 short of the total amount due. How much money
did Lucas have to buy oats?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 10 – Angle Problems and Solving Equations

Essential Questions:

Angle Facts and Definitions

Name of Angle
Angle Fact Diagram
Relationship

Adjacent Angles
C
a°
b°
A D

D G
Vertical Angles a° b°
C
(vert. ∠s)
F E

D
Angles on a Line
b°
(∠s on a line) a° c°
B A E

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Angles at a Point
(∠s at a point) b°
a°

A D
c°
C

Opening Exercise

Name the angles that are

vertical

Name the angles that are

adjacent

Name the angles that are on a

line

Name the angles that are at a

point

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 1
C

x° 132°
B A D

Estimate the measurement of 𝑥

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥. Then find the
measures of ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 and confirm
your answers by measuring the
angle with a protractor.

Exercise 1
C
D

3x° 2x°
B A E
In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram

Find the measurements of ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶

and ∠𝐷𝐴𝐸.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

L
Example 2
144°
x°
A E B
y°

K
In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥 and 𝑦. Find the
measurements of ∠𝐿𝐸𝐵 and
∠𝐾𝐸𝐵.

N
16° M
J
Exercise 2
3x°

85°

L
K

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3

x°
G K
135°

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥. Find the
measurement of ∠𝐸𝐾𝐹 and
confirm your answers by
measuring the angle with a
protractor.

F
Exercise 3

E 103° 59°
G
A (x+1)°
167°

H
In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram

Find the measurement of ∠𝐺𝐴𝐻.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 4
The two lines intersect. The ratio of the measurements
of the obtuse angle to the acute angle in any
adjacent angle pair in this figure is 2 ∶ 1.

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationships
in the diagram.

Label the diagram with

expressions that describe this
relationship. Write an equation
that models the angle
relationship and solve for x.
Find the measurements of the
acute and obtuse angles.

Exercise 4
The ratio of ∠𝐺𝐹𝐻 to ∠𝐸𝐹𝐻 is 2 ∶ 3. E

3x°
2x°
F
G
In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationships
in the diagram.

Find the measures of ∠𝐺𝐹𝐻 and

∠𝐸𝐹𝐻.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 10 - Independent Practice

For each question, use angle relationships to write an equation in order to solve for each variable.
Determine the indicated angles. You can check your answers by measuring each angle with a
protractor.

1. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle relationships in the following diagram. Find
the measurement of ∠𝐷𝐴𝐸.

D E

x°

65°
C A F

2. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle relationships in the following diagram. Find
the measurement of ∠𝑄𝑃𝑅.

3. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle relationships in the following diagram. Find
the measurements of ∠𝐶𝑄𝐷 and ∠𝐸𝑄𝐹.

E
D

2x° 103°
C 3x° F
10° 12°
B Q G

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle

relationships in the following diagram. Find the measure
of 𝑥.

x°
71°
71° x°

x° 71°

71°
x°

5. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle relationships in the following diagram. Find
the measures of 𝑥 and 𝑦.

25° K
E F
x°
y°

C
A

6. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle relationships in the following diagram. Find
the measures of 𝑥 and 𝑦.

E F

x°
G
x°
C A 24°
D
K y°
y° y°
J
H
F

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

7. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle relationships in the following diagram. Find
the measures of ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 and ∠𝐷𝐴𝐸.

8. In a complete sentence, describe the relevant angle relationships in the following diagram. Find
the measure of ∠𝐶𝑄𝐺.

F
3x° 56°

C Q D
155°

9. The ratio of the measures of a pair of adjacent angles on a line is 4 ∶ 5.

a. Find the measures of the two angles.

b. Draw a diagram to scale of these adjacent angles. Indicate the measurements of each
angle.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

10. The ratio of the measures of three adjacent angles on a line is 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 5.

a. Find the measures of the three angles.

b. Draw a diagram to scale of these adjacent angles. Indicate the measurements of each
angle.

c. Draw a diagram to scale of these adjacent angles. Indicate the measurements of each
angle.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 11 – Angle Problems and Solving Equations

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise

a. In a complete sentence,
14°
describe the angle x°
relationship in the
diagram. Write an
equation for the angle
relationship shown in the
figure and solve for 𝑥.
Confirm your answers by
measuring the angle with a
protractor.

b. 𝐶𝐷 and 𝐸𝐹 are intersecting F

lines. In a complete
sentence, describe the 147°
angle relationship in the C D
diagram. Write an
51°
equation for the angle
relationship shown in the y°

figure and solve for 𝑦. E

Confirm your answers by
measuring the angle with a
protractor.

c. In a complete sentence,
describe the angle
relationship in the
diagram. Write an
equation for the angle 59°
relationship shown in the
figure and solve for 𝑏. 65°
41°
Confirm your answers by
b°
measuring the angle with a
protractor.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

d. The following figure shows

three lines intersecting at
a point. In a complete z° z°
158°
sentence, describe the
angle relationship in the
diagram. Write an
equation for the angle
relationship shown in the
figure and solve for 𝑧.
Confirm your answers by
measuring the angle with a
protractor.

e. Write an equation for the

angle relationship shown in
the figure and solve for 𝑥.
In a complete sentence,
describe the angle
relationship in the
diagram. Find the
measurements of ∠𝐸𝑃𝐵
and ∠𝐶𝑃𝐴. Confirm your
answers by measuring the
angle with a protractor.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 1

The following figure shows three lines intersecting at a point

68°
86°

x°

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram.

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥.

Confirm your answers by

measuring the angle with a
protractor.

Exercise 1

The following figure shows four lines intersecting at a point

25°
y°
x° 40°

96°

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram.

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥 and y.

Confirm your answers by

measuring the angle with a
protractor.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 2

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram.

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥.

Confirm your answers by

measuring the angle with a
protractor.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 2

27°

x°

y°

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram.

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥 and y.

Confirm your answers by

measuring the angle with a
protractor.

Example 3
H

J
2x°
G

3x°

225° A F

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram.

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥.

Find the measures of ∠𝐽𝐴𝐻 and

∠𝐺𝐴𝐹

Confirm your answers by

measuring the angle with a
protractor.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

L J
Exercise 3 G

24° x°

5x° K

In a complete sentence,
describe the angle relationship
in the diagram.

Write an equation for the angle

relationship shown in the figure
and solve for 𝑥.

Find the measure of ∠𝐽𝐾𝐺

Confirm your answers by

measuring the angle with a
protractor.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 4
A
In the accompanying diagram, the measure of ∠𝐷𝐵𝐸 is C
four times the measure of ∠𝐹𝐵𝐺.
F 50°
B
x° D
y°

a. Label ∠𝐷𝐵𝐸 as 𝑦° and

∠𝐹𝐵𝐺 as 𝑥°. Write an
equation that describes
the relationship between
∠𝐷𝐵𝐸 and ∠𝐹𝐵𝐺.

b. Find the value of 𝑥.

c. Find the measures of ∠𝐹𝐵𝐺,

∠𝐶𝐵𝐷, ∠𝐴𝐵𝐹, ∠𝐺𝐵𝐸, and
∠𝐷𝐵𝐸.

d. What is the measure of

∠𝐴𝐵𝐺? Identify the angle
relationship used to get
your answer.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 11 - Independent Practice

In a complete sentence, describe the angle relationships in each diagram. Write an equation for the
angle relationship(s) shown in the figure, and solve for the indicated unknown angle. You can check
your answers by measuring each angle with a protractor.

1. Find the measures of ∠𝐸𝐴𝐹, ∠𝐷𝐴𝐸, and ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷.

D E

4x° F
2x°
6x°
30°
C A G

2. Find the measure of 𝑎.

126°
a°
a°

26°

3. Find the measures of 𝑥 and 𝑦.

x°
25°
65°
y°

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. Find the measure of ∠𝐻𝐴𝐽.

J
x°
15°
E A F
81°

5. Find the measures of ∠𝐻𝐴𝐵 and ∠𝐶𝐴𝐵.

F
D
20°

E A H
3x°
2x°

C B

6. The measure of ∠𝑆𝑃𝑇 is 𝑏°. The measure of ∠𝑇𝑃𝑅 is five more than two times ∠𝑆𝑃𝑇. The
measure of ∠𝑄𝑃𝑆 is twelve less than eight times the measure of ∠𝑆𝑃𝑇. Find the measures of
∠𝑆𝑃𝑇, ∠𝑇𝑃𝑅, and ∠𝑄𝑃𝑆.

S
T
b°

(8b−12)° (2b+5)°
Q P R

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

7. Find the measures of ∠𝐻𝑄𝐸 and ∠𝐴𝑄𝐺.

E C

H
2y°
21° Q
A y° B

D F

8. The measures of three angles at a point are in the ratio of 2 ∶ 3 ∶ 5. Find the measures of the
angles.

9. The sum of the measures of two adjacent angles is 72°. The ratio of the smaller angle to the
larger angle is 1 ∶ 3. Find the measures of each angle.

10. Find the measures of ∠𝐶𝑄𝐴 and ∠𝐸𝑄𝐵.

E B

4x° F

18°
C Q D
5x°

94
A
 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 12 – Properties of Inequalities

Essential Questions:

Example 1

Preserves the inequality symbol:

Reverses the inequality symbol:

Station 1

Die Inequality Symbol Preserved or

Die 1 Inequality Operation New Inequality
2 Reversed?

−3 + 2 < 5 + 2
−3 < 5 Add 2 Preserved
−1 < 7

Add −3

Subtract
2

Subtract
−1

Add 1

Examine the results. Make a statement about what you notice, and justify it with evidence.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Station 2

Inequality Symbol Preserved or

Die 1 Inequality Die 2 Operation New Inequality
Reversed?

(−1)(−3) < (−1)(4)

Multiply by
−3 < 4 3 < −4 Reversed
−1
3 > −4

Multiply by
−1

Multiply by
−1

Multiply by
−1

Multiply by
−1

Examine the results. Make a statement about what you notice and justify it with evidence.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Station 3

Inequality Symbol Preserved

Die 1 Inequality Die 2 Operation New Inequality
or Reversed?

Multiply by 1 1
(−2) ( ) > (−4) ( )
−2 > −4 1 2 2 Preserved
2 −1 > −2

Multiply by
2

Divide by 2

1
Divide by
2

Multiply by
3

Examine the results. Make a statement about what you notice, and justify it with
evidence.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Station 4

Inequality Symbol Preserved or

Die 1 Inequality Die 2 Operation New Inequality
Reversed?

Multiply 3(−2) > (−2)(−2)

3 > −2 Reversed
by −2 −6 < 4

Multiply
by −3

Divide by
−2

Divide by
1
−
2

Multiply
1
by −
2

Examine the results. Make a statement about what you notice and justify it with evidence.

When does an inequality change

(reverse) and when does it stay the
same (preserve)?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise
Complete the following chart using the given inequality, and determine an operation in which the
inequality symbol is preserved and an operation in which the inequality symbol is reversed. Explain
why this occurs.

Operation and New Operation and New

Inequality Which Inequality Which
Inequality Explanation
Preserves the Inequality Reverses the Inequality
Symbol Symbol

2<5

−4 > −6

−1 ≤ 2

−2 + (−3)
< −3 − 1

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 12 - Independent Practice

1. For each problem, use the properties of inequalities to write a true inequality statement.
The two integers are −2 and −5.

a. Write a true inequality statement.

b. Subtract −2 from each side of the inequality. Write a true inequality statement.

c. Multiply each number by −3. Write a true inequality statement.

2. On a recent vacation to the Caribbean, Kay and Tony wanted to explore the ocean elements.
One day they went in a submarine 150 feet below sea level. The second day they went scuba
diving 75 feet below sea level.

a. Write an inequality comparing the submarine’s elevation and the scuba diving elevation.

b. If they only were able to go one-fifth of the capable elevations, write a new inequality to
show the elevations they actually achieved.

c. Was the inequality symbol preserved or reversed? Explain.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3. If 𝑎 is a negative integer, then which of the number sentences below is true? If the number
sentence is not true, give a reason.
a. 5+𝑎 <5

b. 5+𝑎 >5

c. 5−𝑎 >5

d. 5−𝑎 <5

e. 5𝑎 < 5

f. 5𝑎 > 5

g. 5+𝑎 >𝑎

h. 5+𝑎 <𝑎

i. 5−𝑎 >𝑎

j. 5−𝑎 <𝑎

k. 5𝑎 > 𝑎

l. 5𝑎 < 𝑎

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 13 – Inequalities
Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise: Writing Inequality Statements

Tarik is trying to save $265.49 to buy a new tablet. Right now, he has $40 and can save $38 a
week from his allowance.

Write and evaluate an expression to represent the amount of money saved after …

2 weeks

3 weeks

4 weeks

5 weeks

6 weeks

7 weeks

8 weeks

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

When will Tarik have enough

money to buy the tablet?

Why is it possible to
have more than one
solution?

Example 1: Evaluating Inequalities―Finding a Solution

The sum of two consecutive odd integers is more than −12.

a. Write several true

numerical inequality
expressions.

b. Write an inequality that can

be used to find the
smallest value that will
make the statement true.

c. Use if-then moves to solve

the inequality. Identify
where the 0’s and 1’s were
made using the if-then
moves.

d. What is the smallest value

that will make this true?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercises
Connor went to the county fair with a $22.50 in his pocket. He bought a hot dog and drink
for $3.75, and then wanted to spend the rest of his money on ride tickets, which cost $1.25
each.

a. Write an inequality to
represent the total spent
where 𝑟 is the number of
tickets purchased.

b. Connor wants to use this

inequality to determine
whether he can purchase
10 tickets. Use
substitution to show
whether he will have
enough money.

c. What is the total maximum

number of tickets he can
buy based upon the given
information?

Write and solve an inequality statement to represent the following problem:

On a particular airline, checked

bags can weigh no more than 50
pounds. Sally packed 32 pounds
of clothes and five identical
gifts in a suitcase that weighs
8 pounds. Write an inequality
to represent this situation.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 13 - Independent Practice

1. Match each problem to the inequality that models it. One choice will be used twice.
The sum of three times a number and −4 is greater than 17. a. 3𝑥 + −4 ≥ 17

The sum of three times a number and −4 is less than 17. b. 3𝑥 + −4 < 17

The sum of three times a number and −4 is at most 17. c. 3𝑥 + −4 > 17

The sum of three times a number and −4 is no more than 17. d. 3𝑥 + −4 ≤ 17

The sum of three times a number and −4 is at least 17.

2. If 𝑥 represents a positive integer, find the solutions to the following inequalities.

a. 𝑥<7 f. −𝑥 ≥ 2

b. 𝑥 − 15 < 20 𝑥
g. <2
3

c. 𝑥 + 3 ≤ 15
𝑥
h. − >2
3

d. −𝑥 > 2
𝑥
i. 3− >2
4

e. 10 − 𝑥 > 2

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3. Recall that the symbol ≠ means “not equal to.” If 𝑥 represents a positive integer, state whether each of the
following statements is always true, sometimes true, or false.
a. 𝑥>0 e. 𝑥≥1

b. 𝑥<0 f. 𝑥≠0

c. 𝑥 > −5 g. 𝑥 ≠ −1

d. 𝑥>1 h. 𝑥≠5

4. Twice the smaller of two consecutive integers increased by the larger integer is at least 25.
Model the problem with an inequality, and determine which of the given values 7, 8, and/or 9 are solutions.
Then find the smallest number that will make the inequality true.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

5.
a. The length of a rectangular fenced enclosure is 12 feet more than the width. If Farmer Dan has 100 feet
of fencing, write an inequality to find the dimensions of the rectangle with the largest perimeter that can
be created using 100 feet of fencing.

b. What are the dimensions of the rectangle with the largest perimeter? What is the area enclosed by this
rectangle?

6. At most, Kyle can spend $50 on sandwiches and chips for a picnic. He already bought chips for $6 and will buy
sandwiches that cost $4.50 each. Write and solve an inequality to show how many sandwiches he can buy.
Show your work and interpret your solution.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 14 – Solving Inequalities

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise
1
The annual County Carnival is being held this summer and will last 5 days. Use this
2
information and the other given information to answer each problem.

You are the owner of the biggest and newest rollercoaster called the Gentle Giant. The
rollercoaster costs $6 to ride. The operator of the ride must pay $200 per day for the ride
rental and $65 per day for a safety inspection. If you want to make a profit of at least
$1,000 each day, what is the minimum number of people that must ride the rollercoaster?

Write an inequality that can be

used to find the minimum number
of people, 𝑝, that must ride the
rollercoaster each day to make
the daily profit.

Solve the inequality.

Interpret the solution.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 1

A youth summer camp has budgeted $2,000 for the campers to attend the carnival. The
cost for each camper is $17.95, which includes general admission to the carnival and two
meals. The youth summer camp must also pay $250 for the chaperones to attend the
carnival and $350 for transportation to and from the carnival.

What is the greatest number of

campers who can attend the
carnival if the camp must stay
within its budgeted amount?

Example 2

The carnival owner pays the owner of an exotic animal exhibit $650 for the entire time the
exhibit is displayed. The owner of the exhibit has no other expenses except for a daily
insurance cost.

If the owner of the animal

exhibit wants to make more
1
than $500 in profits for the 5
2
days, what is the greatest daily
insurance rate he can afford to
pay?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3

Several vendors at the carnival sell products and advertise their businesses. Shane works
for a recreational company that sells ATVs, dirt bikes, snowmobiles, and motorcycles. His
boss paid him $500 for working all of the days at the carnival plus 5% commission on all of
the sales made at the carnival.

What was the minimum amount

of sales Shane needed to make
if he earned more than $1,500?

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 14 - Independent Practice

1. As a salesperson, Jonathan is paid $50 per week plus 3% of the total amount he sells. This
week, he wants to earn at least $100. Write an inequality with integer coefficients for the
total sales needed to earn at least $100, and describe what the solution represents.

2. Systolic blood pressure is the higher number in a blood pressure reading. It is measured as the
heart muscle contracts. Heather was with her grandfather when he had his blood pressure
checked. The nurse told him that the upper limit of his systolic blood pressure is equal to half
his age increased by 110.
a. 𝑎 is the age in years, and 𝑝 is the systolic blood pressure in mmHg (milliliters of Mercury).
Write an inequality to represent this situation.

b. Heather’s grandfather is 76 years old. What is “normal” for his systolic blood pressure?

3. Traci collects donations for a dance marathon. One group of sponsors will donate a total of $6
for each hour she dances. Another group of sponsors will donate $75 no matter how long she
dances. What number of hours, to the nearest minute, should Traci dance if she wants to raise
at least $1,000?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. Jack’s age is three years more than twice his younger brother’s, Jimmy’s, age. If the sum of
their ages is at most 18, find the greatest age that Jimmy could be.

5. Brenda has $500 in her bank account. Every week she withdraws $40 for miscellaneous
expenses. How many weeks can she withdraw the money if she wants to maintain a balance of a
least $200?

6. A scooter travels 10 miles per hour faster than an electric bicycle. The scooter traveled for 3
1
hours, and the bicycle traveled for 5 hours. All together, the scooter and bicycle traveled no
2
more than 285 miles. Find the maximum speed of each.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 15 – Graphing Solutions to Inequalities

Essential Questions:

Exercise 1
Two identical cars need to
fit into a small garage. The
opening is 23 feet 6 inches
wide, and there must be at
least 3 feet 6 inches of
clearance between the cars
and between the edges of
the garage. How wide can
the cars be?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example

A local car dealership is trying to sell all of the cars that are on the lot. Currently, there
are 525 cars on the lot, and the general manager estimates that they will consistently sell
50 cars per week. Estimate how many weeks it will take for the number of cars on the lot to
be less than 75.

Write an inequality that can be

used to find the number of full
weeks, 𝑤, that it will take for
the number of cars to be less
than 75. Since 𝑤 is the number
of full or complete weeks, 𝑤 = 1
means at the end of week 1.
Solve and graph the inequality.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 2
The cost of renting a car is $25 per day plus a one-time fee of $75.50 for insurance. How
many days can the car be rented if the total cost is to be no more than $525?

a. Write an inequality to
model the situation.

b. Solve and graph the

inequality.

c. Interpret the solution in

the context of the
problem.

Additional Exercises
For each problem, write, solve, and graph the inequality, and interpret the solution within the
context of the problem.

Mrs. Smith decides to buy

three sweaters and a pair of
jeans. She has $120 in her
wallet. If the price of the
jeans is $35, what is the highest
possible price of a sweater, if
each sweater is the same price?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

The members of the Select

Chorus agree to buy at least
250 tickets for an outside
concert. They buy 80 less lawn
tickets than balcony tickets.
What is the least number of
balcony tickets bought?

Samuel needs $29 to download

some songs and movies on his
iPod. His mother agrees to pay
him $6 an hour for raking leaves
in addition to his $5 weekly
allowance. What is the minimum
number of hours Samuel must
work in one week to have enough
money to purchase the songs
and movies?

Summary

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Lesson 15 - Independent Practice

1. Ben has agreed to play fewer video games and spend more time studying. He has agreed to play
less than 10 hours of video games each week. On Monday through Thursday, he plays video
1
games for a total of 5 hours. For the remaining 3 days, he plays video games for the same
2
amount of time each day. Find 𝑡, the amount of time he plays video games, for each of the 3
days. Graph your solution.

2. Gary’s contract states that he must work more than 20 hours per week. The graph below
represents the number of hours he can work in a week.

a. Write an algebraic inequality that represents the number of hours, ℎ, Gary can work in a
week.

b. Gary is paid $15.50 per hour in addition to a weekly salary of $50. This week he wants to
earn more than $400. Write an inequality to represent this situation.

c. Solve and graph the solution from part (b). Round to the nearest hour.

3. Sally’s bank account has $650 in it. Every week, Sally withdraws $50 to pay for her dog sitter.
What is the maximum number of weeks that Sally can withdraw the money so there is at least
$75 remaining in the account? Write and solve an inequality to find the solution, and graph the
solution on a number line.

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4. On a cruise ship, there are two options for an Internet connection. The first option is a fee of
$5 plus an additional $0.25 per minute. The second option costs $50 for an unlimited number of
minutes. For how many minutes,𝑚, is the first option cheaper than the second option? Graph
the solution.

5. The length of a rectangle is 100 centimeters, and its perimeter is greater than 400
centimeters. Henry writes an inequality and graphs the solution below to find the width of the
rectangle. Is he correct? If yes, write and solve the inequality to represent the problem and
graph. If no, explain the error(s) Henry made.

𝟗𝟔 𝟗𝟕 𝟗𝟖 𝟗𝟗 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟏 𝟏𝟎𝟐 𝟏𝟎𝟑 𝟏𝟎𝟒

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Lesson 16 – The Most Famous Ratio of All

Essential Questions:

Vocabulary

Circle

Radius

Diameter

Circumference

Pi

Semicircle

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Opening Exercise
a. Using a compass, draw a circle like the picture to the right.

𝐶 is the center of the circle.

The distance between 𝐶 and 𝐵 is the radius of the circle.

b. Write your own definition for

the term circle.

c. Extend segment 𝐶𝐵 to a
segment 𝐴𝐵 in part (a), where
𝐴 is also a point on the circle.

The length of the segment 𝐴𝐵 is

called

d. The diameter is _______ as

long as radius.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

e. Measure the radius and

diameter of each circle. The
center of each circle is
labeled 𝐶.

f. Draw a circle of radius 6 cm

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Mathematical Modeling Exercise

The ratio of the circumference to its diameter is always the same for any circle. The value of this ratio,
Circumference
, is called the number pi and is represented by the symbol 𝜋.
Diameter

Since the circumference is a little greater than 3 times the diameter, 𝜋 is a number that is a little greater than 3.
Use the symbol 𝜋 to represent this special number. Pi is a non-terminating, non-repeating decimal, and
mathematicians use the symbol 𝜋 or approximate representations as more convenient ways to represent pi.
22
 𝜋 ≈ 3.14 or .
7
 The ratios of the circumference to the diameter and 𝜋 ∶ 1 are equal.
 Circumference of a Circle = π × Diameter.

Example

a. The following circles are

not drawn to scale. Find
the circumference of each
22
circle. (Use as an
7
approximation for 𝜋.)

b. The radius of a paper plate

is 11.7 cm. Find the
circumference to the
nearest tenth. (Use 3.14
as an approximation for 𝜋.)

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

c. The radius of a paper plate

is 11.7 cm. Find the
circumference to the
nearest hundredth. (Use
the 𝜋 button on your
calculator as an
approximation for 𝜋.)

d. The radius of a paper plate

is 11.7 cm. Find the
circumference in terms of
𝜋.

e. A circle has a radius of 𝑟

cm and a circumference of
𝐶 cm. Write a formula that
expresses the value of 𝐶 in
terms of 𝑟 and 𝜋.

f. The figure below is in the

shape of a semicircle. A
semicircle is an arc that is
“half” of a circle. Find the
perimeter of the shape.
(Use 3.14 for 𝜋.)

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 16 - Independent Practice

1. Find the circumference.
a. Give an exact answer in terms of 𝜋.

22
b. Use 𝜋 ≈ and express your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.
7

c. Use 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝜋 button on your calculator and express your answer to the nearest hundredth.

2. Find the circumference.

a. Give an exact answer in terms of 𝜋.

22
b. Use 𝜋 ≈ and express your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.
7

3. The figure shows a circle within a square. Find the circumference of the circle. Let 𝜋 ≈ 3.14.

𝟏𝟔 𝐢𝐧.

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4. Consider the diagram of a semicircle shown.

a. Explain in words how to determine the perimeter of a semicircle.

b. Using “𝑑” to represent the diameter of the circle, write an algebraic equation that will result in the
perimeter of a semicircle.

c. Write another algebraic equation to represent the perimeter of a semicircle using 𝑟 to represent the
radius of a semicircle.

5. Find the perimeter of the semicircle. Let 𝜋 ≈ 3.14.

6. Ken’s landscape gardening business makes odd-shaped lawns that include semicircles. Find the length of the
edging material needed to border the two lawn designs. Use 3.14 for 𝜋.
a. The radius of this flower bed is 2.5 m.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

b. The diameter of the semicircular section is 10 m, and the lengths of the sides of the two sides are 6 m.

7. Mary and Margaret are looking at a map of a running path in a local park. Which is the shorter path from 𝐸 to
𝐹, along the two semicircles or along the larger semicircle? If one path is shorter, how much shorter is it? Let
𝜋 ≈ 3.14.

8. Alex the electrician needs 34 yards of electrical wire to complete a job. He has a coil of wiring in his workshop.
The coiled wire is 18 inches in diameter and is made up of 21 circles of wire. Will this coil be enough to
complete the job? Let 𝜋 ≈ 3.14.

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Lesson 17 – The Area of a Circle

Essential Questions:

Exercises 1–3
Solve the problem below individually. Explain your solution.

1. Find the radius of the

following circle if the
circumference is 37.68 inches.
Use 𝜋 ≈ 3.14.

2. Determine the area of the

rectangle below. Name two
ways that can be used to find
the area of the rectangle.

3. Find the length of a rectangle

if the area is 27 cm2 and the
width is 3 cm.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exploratory Challenge
To find the formula for the area of a circle, cut a circle into 16 equal pieces.

Arrange the triangular wedges by alternating the “triangle” directions and sliding them together to
make a “parallelogram.” Cut the triangle on the left side in half on the given line, and slide the
outside half of the triangle to the other end of the parallelogram in order to create an approximate
“rectangle.”

Move half to the other end.

The circumference is 2𝜋𝑟, where the radius is “𝑟.” Therefore, half of the circumference is 𝜋𝑟.

What is the area of the

“rectangle” using the side
lengths above?

Are the areas of the rectangle

and the circle the same?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

If the area of the rectangular

shape and the circle are the
same, what is the area of the
circle?

Example 1

Use the shaded square centimeter units to approximate the area of the circle.

What is the radius of the

circle?

What would be a quicker

method for determining the
area of the circle other than
counting all of the squares in
the entire circle?

Using the diagram, how many

squares were used to cover one-
fourth of the circle?

What is the area of the entire

circle?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 2

A sprinkler rotates in a circular pattern and sprays water over a distance of 12 feet. What
is the area of the circular region covered by the sprinkler? Express your answer to the
nearest square foot.

Draw a diagram to assist you in

solving the problem. What does
the distance of 12 feet
represent in this problem?

What information is needed to

solve the problem?

Find the area of the circular

region covered by the sprinkler.

Example 3

Suzanne is making a circular table out of a square piece of wood. The radius of the circle
that she is cutting is 3 feet. How much waste will she have for this project? Express your
answer to the nearest square foot.

Draw a diagram to assist you in

solving the problem. What does
the distance of 3 feet
represent in this problem?

What information is needed to

solve the problem?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

What information do we need to

determine the area of the
square and the circle?

How will we determine the

waste?

Determine the amount of waste

she will have.

Does your solution answer the

problem as stated?

Exercises 4–6
4. A circle has a radius of 2 cm.

a. Find the exact area of the

circular region.

b. Find the approximate area

using 3.14 to approximate
π.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

5. A circle has a radius of 7 cm.

a. Find the exact area of the

circular region.

b. Find the approximate area

22
using to approximate 𝜋.
7

c. What is the circumference

of the circle? Use 3.14 to
approximate 𝜋.

6. Joan determined that the area of the circle below is 400𝜋 cm2 . Melinda says that Joan’s
solution is incorrect; she believes that the area is 100𝜋 cm2 .

Who is correct and why?

Summary

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Lesson 17 - Independent Practice+

22
1. The following circles are not drawn to scale. Find the area of each circle. (Use as an
7
approximation for 𝜋.)

𝟒𝟓
𝒄𝒎
𝟐

2. A circle has a diameter of 20 inches.

a. Find the exact area and find an approximate area using 𝜋 ≈ 3.14.

b. What is the circumference of the circle using 𝜋 ≈ 3.14?

3. A circle has a diameter of 11 inches.

a. Find the exact area and an approximate area using 𝜋 ≈ 3.14.

b. What is the circumference of the circle using 𝜋 ≈ 3.14?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. Using the figure below, find the area of the circle.

5. A path bounds a circular lawn at a park. If the inner edge of the path is 132 ft. around,
22
approximate the amount of area of the lawn inside the circular path. Use 𝜋 ≈ .
7

6. The area of a circle is 36𝜋 cm2 . Find its circumference.

7. Find the ratio of the area of two circles with radii 3 cm and 4 cm.

8. If one circle has a diameter of 10 cm and a second circle has a diameter of 20 cm, what is the
ratio of the area of the larger circle to the area of the smaller circle?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

9. Describe a rectangle whose perimeter is 132 ft. and whose area is less than 1 ft 2 . Is it possible
to find a circle whose circumference is 132 ft. and whose area is less than 1 ft 2 ? If not, provide
an example or write a sentence explaining why no such circle exists.

10. If the diameter of a circle is double the diameter of a second circle, what is the ratio of area
of the first circle to the area of the second?

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Lesson 18 – More Problems on Area and Circumference

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise
Draw a circle with a diameter of 12 cm and a square with a side length of 12 cm on a separate sheet
of grid paper. Determine the area of the square and the circle.

Brainstorm some methods for

finding half the area of the
square and half the area of the
circle.

Find the area of half of the

square and half of the circle, and
explain to a partner how you
arrived at the area.

What is the ratio of the new

area to the original area for the
square and for the circle?

Find the area of one-fourth of

the square and one-fourth of the
circle, first by folding and then
by another method. What is the
ratio of the new area to the
original area for the square and
for the circle?

Write an algebraic expression

that will express the area of a
semicircle and the area of a
quarter circle.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 1

Find the area of the following

22
semicircle. Use 𝜋 ≈ .
7

What is the area of the quarter

circle?

Example 2

Marjorie is designing a new set of placemats for her dining room table. She sketched a drawing of
the placement on graph paper. The diagram represents the area of the placemat consisting of a
rectangle and two semicircles at either end. Each square on the grid measures 4 inches in length.

Find the area of the entire

placemat. Explain your thinking
regarding the solution to this
problem.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

If Marjorie wants to make six

placemats, how many square
inches of fabric will she need?
Assume there is no waste.

Marjorie decides that she

wants to sew on a contrasting
band of material around the
edge of the placemats. How
much band material will
Marjorie need?

Example 3

The circumference of a circle is 24𝜋 cm. What is the exact area of the circle?

Draw a diagram to assist you in

solving the problem.

What information is needed to

solve the problem?

Next, find the area.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercises

1. Find the area of a circle

with a diameter of 42 cm.
22
Use 𝜋 ≈ .
7

2. The circumference of a
circle is 9𝜋 cm.
a. What is the diameter?

b. What is the radius?

c. What is the area?

3. If students only know the

radius of a circle, what
other measures could they
determine? Explain how
students would use the
radius to find the other
parts.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. Find the area in the

rectangle between the two
quarter circles if 𝐴𝐹 = 7 ft.,
𝐹𝐵 = 9 ft., and 𝐻𝐷 = 7 ft.
22
Use 𝜋 ≈ . Each quarter
7
circle in the top-left and
lower-right corners have
the same radius.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 18 - Independent Practice

1. Mark created a flowerbed that is semicircular in shape, as shown in the image. The diameter of
the flower bed is 5 m.
a. What is the perimeter of the flower bed? (Approximate 𝜋 to be 3.14.)

b. What is the area of the flowerbed? (Approximate 𝜋 to be 3.14.)

2. A landscape designer wants to include a semicircular patio at the end of a square sandbox. She
knows that the area of the semicircular patio is 25.12 cm2 .
a. Draw a picture to represent this situation.

b. What is the length of the side of the square?

3. A window manufacturer designed a set of windows for the top of a two-story wall. If the
window is comprised of 2 squares and 2 quarter circles on each end, and if the length of the
span of windows across the bottom is 12 feet, approximately how much glass will be needed to
complete the set of windows?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

22
4. Find the area of the shaded region. (Approximate 𝜋 to be .)
7

5. The figure below shows a circle inside of a square. If the radius of the circle is 8 cm, find the
following and explain your solution.
a. The circumference of the circle.

b. The area of the circle.

c. The area of the square.

6. Michael wants to create a tile pattern out of three quarter circles for his kitchen backsplash.
He will repeat the three quarter circles throughout the pattern. Find the area of the tile
pattern that Michael will use. Approximate 𝜋 as 3.14.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

7. A machine shop has a square metal plate with sides that measure 4 cm each. A machinist must
1
cut four semicircles, with a radius of cm and four quarter circles with a radius of 1 cm from its
2
22
sides and corners. What is the area of the plate formed? Use to approximate 𝜋.
7

8. A graphic artist is designing a company logo with two concentric circles (two circles that share
the same center but have different radii). The artist needs to know the area of the shaded
band between the two concentric circles. Explain to the artist how he would go about finding
the area of the shaded region.

9. Create your own shape made up of rectangles, squares, circles, or semicircles and determine the
area and perimeter.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 19 – Unknown Area Problems on the Coordinate

Plane
Essential Questions:

Example: Area of a Parallelogram

The coordinate plane below contains figure 𝑃, parallelogram 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷.

a. Write the ordered pairs of

each of the vertices next to
the vertex points.

b. Draw a rectangle surrounding

figure 𝑃 that has vertex
points of 𝐴 and 𝐶. Label the
two triangles in the figure
as 𝑆 and 𝑇.

c. Find the area of the

rectangle.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

d. Find the area of each

triangle.

e. Use these areas to find the

area of parallelogram 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷.

f. How did you find the base

and the height of each
figure?

g. How did you find the area of

the parallelogram?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

The coordinate plane below contains figure 𝑅, a rectangle with the same base as the parallelogram
above.

h. Draw triangles 𝑆 and 𝑇 and

connect to figure 𝑅 so that
you create a rectangle that
is the same size as the
rectangle you created on the
first coordinate plane.

i. Find the area of rectangle 𝑅.

j. What do figures 𝑅 and

𝑃 have in common?

Area of P + Area of S + Area of T = Area of R + Area of S + Area of T

k. How can we find the area of
a parallelogram?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercises

1. Find the area of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶.

2. Find the area of quadrilateral 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷

two different ways.

3. The area of quadrilateral

𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 𝑖𝑠 12 sq. units. Find 𝑥.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. The area of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑖𝑠 14 sq.

units. Find the length of side 𝐵𝐶.

5. Find the area of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 19 - Independent Practice

Find the area of each figure.

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

For Problems 7–9, draw a figure in the coordinate plane that matches each description.

7. A rectangle with an area of 18 8. A parallelogram with an area 9. A triangle with an area of 25

sq. units of50 sq. units sq. units

Find the unknown value labelled as 𝑥 on each figure.

10. The rectangle has an area of 80 sq. units.

11. The trapezoid has an area of 115 sq. units.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

12. Find the area of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶.

13. Find the area of the quadrilateral using two different methods. Describe the methods used and
explain why they result in the same area.

14. Find the area of the quadrilateral using two different methods. What are the advantages or
disadvantages of each method?

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Lesson 20 – Composite Area Problems

Essential Questions:

Example 1

Find the composite area of the shaded region. Use 3.14 for 𝜋.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 1
A yard is shown with the shaded section indicating grassy areas and the unshaded sections
indicating paved areas. Find the area of the space covered with grass in units 2.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 2

Find the area of the figure that consists of a rectangle with a semicircle
on top. Use 3.14 for 𝜋.

Exercise 2
Find the area of the shaded region. Use 3.14 for 𝜋.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3
Find the area of the shaded region.

Redraw the figure separating

the triangles; then, label the
lengths discussing the
calculations.

Exercise 3
Find the area of the shaded region. The figure
is not drawn to scale.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 20 - Independent Practice

1. Find the area of the shaded region. Use 3.14 for 𝜋.

2. The figure shows two semicircles. Find the area of the shaded region. Use 3.14 for 𝜋.

3. The figure shows a semicircle and a square. Find the area of the shaded region. Use 3.14 for 𝜋.

4. The figure shows two semicircles and a quarter of a circle. Find the area of the shaded region.

Use 3.14 for 𝜋.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

5. Jillian is making a paper flower motif for an art project. The flower she is making has four
petals; each petal is formed by three semicircles as shown below. What is the area of the
paper flower? Provide your answer in terms of 𝜋.

6. The figure is formed by five rectangles. Find the area of the unshaded rectangular region.

7. The smaller squares in the shaded region each have side lengths of 1.5 m. Find the area of the

shaded region.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

8. Find the area of the shaded region.

9.
a. Find the area of the shaded region.

b. Draw two ways the figure above can be divided in four equal parts.

c. What is the area of one of the parts in (b)?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

10. The figure is a rectangle made out of triangles. Find the area of the shaded region.

11. The figure consists of a right triangle and an eighth of a circle. Find the area of the shaded
22
region. Use for 𝜋.
7

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 21 – Surface Area

Essential Questions:

Key Terms

Right Rectangular
Prism

Right Triangular
Prism

Cube

Surface

Net

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Opening Exercise: Surface Area of a Right Rectangular Prism

On the provided grid, draw a net representing the surfaces of the right
rectangular prism (assume each grid line represents 1 inch). Then, find the
surface area of the prism by finding the area of the net.

5 in. A right prism can be described as a solid with two “end” faces (called its
bases) that are exact copies of each other and rectangular faces that join
6 in. corresponding edges of the bases (called lateral faces).

4 in.
3 in.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 1
Marcus thinks that the surface area of the right triangular prism will be half that of the right
1
rectangular prism and wants to use the modified formula 𝑆𝐴 = (2𝑙𝑤 + 2𝑙ℎ + 2𝑤ℎ).
2

Do you agree or disagree with

Marcus? Use nets of the
prisms to support your
argument.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 1: Lateral Area of a Right Prism

A right triangular prism, a right rectangular prism, and a right pentagonal prism are pictured below,
and all have equal heights of ℎ.

a. Write an expression that

represents the lateral area
of the right triangular
prism as the sum of the
areas of its lateral faces.

b. Write an expression that

represents the lateral area
of the right rectangular
prism as the sum of the
areas of its lateral faces.

c. Write an expression that

represents the lateral area
of the right pentagonal
prism as the sum of the
areas of its lateral faces.

d. What value appears often

in each expression and
why?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

e. Rewrite each expression in

factored form using the
distributive property and
the height of each lateral
face.

f. What do the parentheses

in each case represent with
respect to the right
prisms?

g. How can we generalize the

lateral area of a right
prism into a formula that
applies to all right prisms?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

1. Why are the lateral faces

of right prisms always
rectangular regions?

2. What is the name of the

right prism whose bases are
rectangles?

3. How does this definition of

right prism include the
interior of the prism?

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 21 - Independent Practice

1. For each of the following nets, highlight the perimeter of the lateral area, draw the solid
represented by the net, indicate the type of solid, and then find the solid’s surface area.
a.

b.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3
2. Given a cube with edges that are inch long:
4
a. Find the surface area of the cube.

b. Joshua makes a scale drawing of the cube using a scale factor of 4. Find the surface area
of the cube that Joshua drew.

c. What is the ratio of the surface area of the scale drawing to the surface area of the
actual cube, and how does the value of the ratio compare to the scale factor?

3. Find the surface area of each of the following right prisms using the formula 𝑆𝐴 = 𝐿𝐴 + 2𝐵.
a.

𝟏
𝟏𝟐 mm
𝟐

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

b.

c.

d.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

4. A cube has a volume of 64 m3 . What is the cube’s surface area?

1
5. The height of a right rectangular prism is 4 ft. The length and width of the prism’s base are
2
1
2 ft. and 1 ft. Use the formula 𝑆𝐴 = 𝐿𝐴 + 2𝐵 to find the surface area of the right rectangular
2
prism.

2 2
6. The surface area of a right rectangular prism is 68 in . The dimensions of its base are 3 in.
3
and 7 in. Use the formula 𝑆𝐴 = 𝐿𝐴 + 2𝐵 and 𝐿𝐴 = 𝑃ℎ to find the unknown height ℎ of the prism.

7. A given right triangular prism has an equilateral triangular base. The height of that equilateral
triangle is approximately 7.1 cm. The distance between the bases is 9 cm. The surface area of
1
the prism is 319 cm2 . Find the approximate lengths of the sides of the base.
2

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Lesson 22 – Surface Area

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise

What is the area of the

composite figure in the diagram?

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Example 1

The pyramid in the picture has a

square base, and its lateral
faces are triangles that are
exact copies of one another.
Find the surface area of the
pyramid.

Example 2: Using Cubes

There are 13 cubes glued together

forming the solid in the diagram.
1
The edges of each cube are inch in
4
length. Find the surface area of the
solid.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 3

Find the total surface area of the wooden jewelry box. The
1
sides and bottom of the box are all inch thick.
4

What are the faces that make

up this box?

How does this box compare to

other objects that you have
found the surface area of?

What is the surface area of the

large prism?

What is the surface area of the

small prism?

What is the surface area of the

box?

Summary

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Lesson 22 - Independent Practice

1. For each of the following nets, draw (or describe) the solid represented by the net and find its
surface area.
a. The equilateral triangles are exact copies. b.

2. Find the surface area of the following prism.

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3. The net below is for a specific object. The measurements shown are in meters. Sketch (or
describe) the object, and then find its surface area.

4. In the diagram, there are 14 cubes glued together to form a solid. Each cube has a volume of
1 3
in . Find the surface area of the solid.
8

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5. The nets below represent three solids. Sketch (or describe) each solid and find its surface
area.
a.
b. c.

d. How are figures (b) and (c) related to figure (a)?

6. Find the surface area of the solid shown in the diagram. The solid is a right triangular prism
(with right triangular bases) with a smaller right triangular prism removed from it.

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7. The diagram shows a cubic meter that has had three square holes punched completely through
the cube on three perpendicular axes. Find the surface area of the remaining solid.

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Lesson 23 – The Volume of a Right Prism

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise
The volume of a solid is a quantity given by the number of unit cubes needed to fill the solid. Most
solids—rocks, baseballs, people—cannot be filled with unit cubes or assembled from cubes. Yet
such solids still have volume. Fortunately, we do not need to assemble solids from unit cubes in
order to calculate their volume. One of the first interesting examples of a solid that cannot be
assembled from cubes but whose volume can still be calculated from
a formula is a right triangular prism.

What is the area of the square

pictured on the right? Explain.

Draw the diagonal joining the two

given points; then, darken the
grid lines within the lower
triangular region. What is area
of that triangular region?
Explain.

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Exploratory Challenge: The Volume of a Right Prism

What is the volume of the right

prism pictured on the right?
Explain.

Draw the same diagonal on the

square base as done above;
then, darken the grid lines on
the lower right triangular prism.
What is the volume of that
right triangular prism? Explain.

How could we create a right triangular prism with five times

the volume of the right triangular prism pictured to the
right, without changing the base? Draw your solution on the
diagram

Give the volume of the solid,

and explain why your solution
has five times the volume of the
triangular prism.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

What could we do to cut the volume of the right triangular

prism pictured on the right in half without changing the
base? Draw your solution on the diagram

Give the volume of the solid,

and explain why your solution
has half the volume of the given
triangular prism.

To find the volume (𝑉) of any

right prism …

Example: The Volume of a Right Triangular Prism

Find the volume of the right

triangular prism shown in the
diagram using 𝑉 = 𝐵ℎ.

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Exercise: Multiple Volume Representations

The right pentagonal prism is composed of a right rectangular prism joined with a right triangular
prism. Find the volume of the right pentagonal prism shown in the diagram using two different
strategies.

Summary

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Lesson 23 - Independent Practice

1. Calculate the volume of each solid using the formula 𝑉 = 𝐵ℎ (all angles are 90 degrees).

a. 𝟖 𝐜𝐦 b. 𝟑
𝟕 𝐜𝐦 𝐢𝐧.
𝟒
𝟑
𝐢𝐧.
𝟒
𝟏
𝟏𝟐 𝐜𝐦 𝟑
𝟐 𝐢𝐧.
𝟒

c. d.

e. f.

g. h.

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2. Let 𝑙 represent length, 𝑤 the width, and ℎ the height of a right rectangular prism. Find the
volume of the prism when:
1
a. 𝑙 = 3 cm, 𝑤 = 2 cm, and ℎ = 7 cm.
2

1 1
b. 𝑙= cm, 𝑤 = 4 cm, and ℎ = 1 cm.
4 2

3. Find the length of the edge indicated in each diagram.

a. 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 = 𝟐𝟐 𝐢𝐧𝟐

𝟏
𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞 = 𝟗𝟑 𝐢𝐧𝟑
𝟐

What are possible dimensions of the base?

b.
.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

3 3
4. The volume of a cube is 3 in . Find the length of each edge of the cube.
8

1
5. Given a right rectangular prism with a volume of 7 ft 3, a length of 5 ft., and a width of 2 ft., find
2
the height of the prism.

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Lesson 24 – The Volume of a Right Prism

Essential Questions:

Exploratory Challenge: Measuring a Container’s Capacity

A box in the shape of a right rectangular prism has a length of 12 in., a width of 6 in., and a height
1
of 8 in. The base and the walls of the container are in. thick, and its top is open. What is the
4
capacity of the right rectangular prism?
(Hint: The capacity is equal to the volume of water needed to fill the prism to the top.)

Example 1: Measuring Liquid in a Container in Three Dimensions

A glass container is in the form of a right rectangular prism. The container is 10 cm long, 8 cm wide,
and 30 cm high. The top of the container is open, and the base and walls of the container are 3 mm
(or 0.3 cm) thick. The water in the container is 6 cm from the top of the container.

What is the volume of

the water in the
7.
container?

6.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Example 2

7.2 L of water are poured into a container in the shape of a right rectangular prism. The inside of
the container is 50 cm long, 20 cm wide, and 25 cm tall.

How far from the top of

the container is the
9.
surface of the water?
(1 L = 1000 cm3 )

8.

Example 3

A fuel tank is the shape of a right rectangular prism and has 27 L of fuel in it. It is determined
3
that the tank is full. The inside dimensions of the base of the tank are 90 cm by 50 cm.
4

What is the height of

the fuel in the tank?
How deep is the tank?
(1 L = 1000 cm3 )

Summary

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Lesson 24 - Independent Practice

1. Mark wants to put some fish and decorative rocks in his new glass fish tank. He measured the
outside dimensions of the right rectangular prism and recorded a length of 55 cm, width of
42 cm, and height of 38 cm. He calculates that the tank will hold 87.78 L of water. Why is
Mark’s calculation of volume incorrect? What is the correct volume? Mark also failed to take
into account the fish and decorative rocks he plans to add. How will this affect the volume of
water in the tank? Explain.

2. Leondra bought an aquarium that is a right rectangular prism. The inside dimensions of the
aquarium are 90 cm long, by 48 cm wide, by 60 cm deep. She plans to put water in the aquarium
before purchasing any pet fish. How many liters of water does she need to put in the aquarium
so that the water level is 5 cm below the top?

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3. The inside space of two different water tanks are shown below. Which tank has a greater
capacity? Justify your answer.

Tank 2

Tank 1

4. The inside of a tank is in the shape of a right rectangular prism. The base of that prism is
85 cm by 64 cm. What is the minimum height inside the tank if the volume of the liquid in the
tank is 92 L ?

5. An oil tank is the shape of a right rectangular prism. The inside of the tank is 36.5 cm long,
52 cm wide, and 29 cm high. If 45 L of oil have been removed from the tank since it was full,
what is the current depth of oil left in the tank?

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6. The inside of a right rectangular prism-shaped tank has a base that is 14 cm by 24 cm and a
height of 60 cm. The tank is filled to its capacity with water, and then 10.92 L of water is
removed. How far did the water level drop?

1 3
7. A right rectangular prism-shaped container has inside dimensions of 7 cm long and 4 cm wide.
2 5
3
The tank is full of vegetable oil. It contains 0.414 L of oil. Find the height of the container.
5

2
8. A right rectangular prism with length of 10 in., width of 16 in., and height of 12 in. is filled with
3
water. If the water is emptied into another right rectangular prism with a length of 12 in., a
width of 12 in., and height of 9 in., will the second container hold all of the water? Explain why
or why not. Determine how far (above or below) the water level would be from the top of the
container.

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Lesson 25 – Volume and Surface Area

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise
What is the surface area and volume of the right rectangular prism? 𝟏𝟏 𝐢𝐧.
𝟔. 𝟓 𝐢𝐧.

𝟏𝟎 𝐢𝐧.

Example 1: Volume of a Fish Tank

Jay has a small fish tank. It is the same shape and size as the right rectangular prism
shown in the Opening Exercise.

The box it came in says that it

is a 3 gallon tank. Is this claim
true? Explain your reasoning.
Recall that
1 gal = 231 in3 .

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Exercise 1: Fish Tank Designs

Two fish tanks are shown below, one in the shape of a right rectangular prism (R) and one in the
shape of a right trapezoidal prism (T).

Tank 𝐑 Tank 𝐓
𝟔 𝐢𝐧.

𝟖 𝐢𝐧. 𝟖 𝐢𝐧.
𝟏𝟓 𝐢𝐧. 𝟏𝟓 𝐢𝐧.

𝟏𝟎 𝐢𝐧.
𝟏𝟎 𝐢𝐧.
𝟐𝟓 𝐢𝐧.
𝟐𝟓 𝐢𝐧.
Which tank holds the most < .
water? Let 𝑉𝑜𝑙(𝑅) represent
the volume of the right
rectangular prism and 𝑉𝑜𝑙(𝑇)
represent the volume of the
right trapezoidal prism. Use
your answer to fill in the blanks
with 𝑉𝑜𝑙(𝑅) and 𝑉𝑜𝑙(𝑇).

Which tank has the most < .

surface area? Let 𝑆𝐴(𝑅)
represent the surface area of
the right rectangular prism and
𝑆𝐴(𝑇) represent the surface
area of the right trapezoidal
prism. Use your answer to fill in
the blanks with 𝑆𝐴(𝑅) and 𝑆𝐴(𝑇).

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Water evaporates from each

aquarium. After the water level
1
has dropped inch in each
2
aquarium, how many cubic inches
of water are required to fill up
each aquarium? Show work to
support your answers.

Exercise 2: Design Your Own Fish Tank

Design at least three fish tanks that will hold approximately 10 gallons of water. All of the tanks
should be shaped like right prisms. Make at least one tank have a base that is not a rectangle. For
each tank, make a sketch, and calculate the volume in gallons to the nearest hundredth.

1
Challenge: Each tank is to be constructed from glass that is in. thick. Select one tank that you
4
designed and determine the difference between the volume of the total tank (including the glass)
and the volume inside the tank. Do not include a glass top on your tank.

Summary

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Lesson 25 - Independent Practice

1. The dimensions of several right rectangular fish tanks are listed below. Find the volume in
cubic centimeters, the capacity in liters (1 L = 1000 cm3 ), and the surface area in square
centimeters for each tank. What do you observe about the change in volume compared with the
change in surface area between the small tank and the extra-large tank?

Tank Size Length (𝐜𝐦) Width (𝐜𝐦) Height (𝐜𝐦)

Small 24 18 15
Medium 30 21 20
Large 36 24 25
Extra-Large 40 27 30

Surface Area
Tank Size Volume (𝐜𝐦𝟑 ) Capacity (𝐋)
(𝐜𝐦𝟐 )
Small

Medium

Large

Extra-Large

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2. A rectangular container 15 cm long by 25 cm wide contains 2.5 L of water.

𝟏𝟓 𝐜𝐦

𝟐𝟓 𝐜𝐦

a. Find the height of the water level in the container. (1 L = 1000 cm3 )

b. If the height of the container is 18 cm, how many more liters of water would it take to
completely fill the container?

c. What percentage of the tank is filled when it contains 2.5 L of water?

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3. A rectangular container measuring 20 cm by 14.5 cm by 10.5 cm is filled with water to its brim.
If 300 cm3 are drained out of the container, what will be the height of the water level? If
necessary, round to the nearest tenth.

𝟏𝟎. 𝟓 𝐜𝐦

𝟏𝟒. 𝟓 𝐜𝐦
𝟐𝟎 𝐜𝐦

4. Two tanks are shown below. Both are filled to capacity, but the owner decides to drain them.
Tank 1 is draining at a rate of 8 liters per minute. Tank 2 is draining at a rate of 10 liters per
minute. Which tank empties first?

Tank 1 Tank 2

𝟖𝟓 𝐜𝐦
𝟔𝟎 𝐜𝐦

𝟒𝟎 𝐜𝐦
𝟔𝟎 𝐜𝐦
𝟕𝟓 𝐜𝐦 𝟗𝟎 𝐜𝐦

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

5. Two tanks are shown below. One tank is draining at a rate of 8 liters per minute into the other
one, which is empty. After 10 minutes, what will be the height of the water level in the second
tank? If necessary, round to the nearest minute.

𝟓𝟓 𝐜𝐦

𝟓𝟎 𝐜𝐦
𝟒𝟓 𝐜𝐦

𝟐𝟕 𝐜𝐦

𝟑𝟓 𝐜𝐦
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝐜𝐦

6. Two tanks with equal volumes are shown below. The tops are open. The owner wants to cover
one tank with a glass top. The cost of glass is $0.05 per square inch. Which tank would be less
expensive to cover? How much less?

Dimensions: 12 in. long by 8 in. wide by 10 in. high Dimensions: 15 in. long by 8 in. wide by 8 in.
high

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7. Each prism below is a gift box sold at the craft store.

a. What is the volume of each prism?

b. Jenny wants to fill each box with jelly beans. If one ounce of jelly beans is
approximately 30 cm3 , estimate how many ounces of jelly beans Jenny will need to fill all
four boxes? Explain your estimates.

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8. Two rectangular tanks are filled at a rate of 0.5 cubic inches per minute. How long will it take
each tank to be half-full?
a. Tank 1 Dimensions: 15 in. by 10 in. by 12.5 in.

1 3 3
b. Tank 2 Dimensions: 2 in. by 3 in. by 4 in.
2 4 8

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Lesson 26 – Volume and Surface Area

Essential Questions:

Opening Exercise
Explain to your partner how you would calculate the area of the shaded region. Then, calculate the
area.

2 cm 3

5 cm

6 cm

Example 1: Volume of a Shell

Top View

1
21 cm 18 cm
4

18 cm 24 cm
24 cm

The insulated box shown is made from a large cube with a hollow inside that is a right rectangular
prism with a square base. The figure on the right is what the box looks like from above.

Calculate the volume of the

outer box.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Calculate the volume of the

inner prism.

Describe in words how you

would find the volume of the
insulation.

Calculate the volume of the

insulation in cubic centimeters.

Calculate the amount of water

the box can hold in liters.

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Exercise 1: Designing a Brick Planter

You have been asked by your school to design a brick planter that will be used by classes to
plant flowers. The planter will be built in the shape of a right rectangular prism with no
bottom so water and roots can access the ground beneath. The exterior dimensions are to
1 1
be 12 ft. × 9 ft. × 2 ft. The bricks used to construct the planter are 6 in. long, 3 in. wide,
2 2
and 2 in. high.

What are the interior

dimensions of the planter if the
thickness of the planter’s walls
is equal to the length of the
bricks?

What is the volume of the bricks

that form the planter?

If you are going to fill the

3
planter full of soil, how much
4
soil will you need to purchase,
and what will be the height of
the soil?

How many brics are needed to

construct the planter?

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 Eureka Math Module 3 – Expressions and Equations

Each brick used in this project

costs $0.82 and weighs 4.5 lb.
The supply company charges a
delivery fee of $15 per whole
ton (2000 lb.) over 4000 lb. How
much will your school pay for the
bricks (including delivery) to
construct the planter?

A cubic foot of topsoil weighs

between 75 and 100 lb. How
much will the soil in the planter
weigh?

If the topsoil costs $0.88 per

each cubic foot, calculate the
total cost of materials that will
be used to construct the
planter.

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Exercise 2: Design a Feeder

You did such a good job designing the planter that a local farmer has asked you to design a
feeder for the animals on his farm. Your feeder must be able to contain at least 100,000
cubic centimeters, but not more than 200,000 cubic centimeters of grain when it is full. The
feeder is to be built of stainless steel and must be in the shape of a right prism, but not a
right rectangular prism. Sketch your design below including dimensions .

Calculate the volume of grain

that it can hold.

The farmer needs a cost

estimate. Calculate the cost of
1
constructing the feeder if cm
2
thick stainless steel sells for
$93.25 per square meter.

Summary

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Lesson 26 - Independent Practice

1. A child’s toy is constructed by cutting a right triangular prism out of a right rectangular prism.

Top View

5.6 cm
12 ½ cm
10 cm 2 ½ cm
5 cm

10 cm

a. Calculate the volume of the rectangular prism.

b. Calculate the volume of the triangular prism.

c. Calculate the volume of the material remaining in the rectangular prism.

d. What is the largest number of triangular prisms that can be cut from the rectangular
prism?

e. What is the surface area of the triangular prism (assume there is no top or bottom)?

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2. A landscape designer is constructing a flower bed in the shape of a right trapezoidal prism. He
needs to run three identical square prisms through the bed for drainage.

Side View
𝟏𝟒 𝐟𝐭.
𝟑 𝐟𝐭.

𝟏
𝟑 𝐟𝐭.
𝟒
𝟏𝟔 𝐟𝐭. 𝟏 𝟐
𝐟𝐭
𝟒
𝟏𝟐 𝐟𝐭.

a. What is the volume of the bed without the drainage pipes?

b. What is the total volume of the three drainage pipes?

c. What is the volume of soil that can fit in the bed once the pipes are in place, assuming the
3
amount of soil is filled to of the height of the planter?
4

d. What is the height of the soil? If necessary, round to the nearest tenth.

e. If the bed is made of 8 ft. × 4 ft. pieces of plywood, how many pieces of plywood will the
landscape designer need to construct the bed without the drainage pipes?

f. If the plywood needed to construct the bed costs $35 per 8 ft. × 4 ft. piece, the drainage
pipes cost $125 each, and the soil costs $1.25/cubic foot, how much does it cost to
construct and fill the bed?

204