AHMES SECONDARY SCHOOL
FORM V BIOLOGY
HOLIDAY PACKAGE DECEMBER 2025
01. (a) With the aid of a well labelled diagram, describe the:-
(i) Alveoli
(ii) Internal structure of a leaf
(b) Plant cells performs both photosynthesis (that uses CO2 and produces O2) and
aerobic respiration (that uses O2 and produces CO2). Surprisingly, plants still need
gaseous exchange, explain.
(c) At what time during the day (morning, noon, evening, or night) is compensation
point more likely to occur? Support your answer by a reason.
02. Giving two illustrations per each, describe the mechanism of:-
(i) Glycolysis
(ii) Krebs cycle
(iii) Electron transport chain
03. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation when glucose is:-
(i) Aerobically respired
(ii) Anaerobically respired in animals
(iii) Anaerobically respired in plants and fungi
(b) Discuss the essence of:-
(i) Calculating respiratory quotient (three points)
(ii) Measuring basal metabolic rate (five points)
(c) The table below shows oxygen consumption and body mass of three resting mammals
Mammal Mass in Kg Oxygen consumption
in mm3gram-1hour-1
A 0.25 870
B 70.00 202
C 3800.00 67
(i) Mention a king of metabolic rate under investigation
(ii) Which mammal consumed largest volume of oxygen per hour?
(iii) Why mammal A requires much oxygen than mammal C?
04. Discuss adaptations of mammalian fetus, mountaineers, and divers to oxygen
uptake, give at least five points per each.
05. (a) Discuss features of glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain, give at
least three points per each.
(b) Discuss significance of glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain, give
at least five points per each.
(c) Compute total number of ATP when ten molecules of glucose are aerobically
respired.
(d) Calculate energy conversion efficiency when glucose is:-
(i) Aerobically respired
(ii) Anaerobically respired in animals
(iii) Anaerobically respired in plants and fungi
(e) Discuss seven applications of anaerobic respiration.
06. (a) A young scientist wrote a scientific name of human being as homo sapiens. Identify
two mistakes which were made by the scientist.
(b) Figure 1 below consists of organisms labeled A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H. Use the
provided key to identify the organisms by writing down the number of true statement for
the organism until you arrive at the correct name.
7. By using specific example(s) classify proteins on the basis of their composition and
structure.
8. (a) Draw a well labeled diagram of a rod-shaped bacterium such as Escherichia coli.
(b) Outline any five (5) functions of cell wall.
9. (a) The mammalian digestive system has a number of digestive glands located on various
parts of its walls. Complete the table below by indicating the names of the digestive gland
located in the walls of the small intestine, their secretions, composition of their secretion
and roles in the digestion process.
Name of part Name of Secretion Composition of One role for each
of the the gland secretion content of
digestive secretion
system
(i) Ileum
10. (a) What is meant by the term “Bohr effect?
(b) Explain any six (6) factors governing gaseous exchange across a respiratory surface.
(b) With the aid of a diagram, describe the life cycle of a bryophytes.
11. Outline the respiratory pathway using lipid and protein as substrates.
12. (a) Explain the life cycle of a fern plant and state which generation is dominant and
why?
(b) Explain the distinctive features of kingdom animalia.
13. (a) Explain the adaptations of Angiospermophytes to live on land
(b) Explain the demerits of members of kingdom planate
14. (a )Explain the adaptation of plasmodium to its environment
(b) Explain why insects are said to be successful group of organisms
15. The graph below shows the relationship between enzyme concentration and the rate of
product formation over time. Three reactions were set up using the same substrate
concentration but different enzyme concentrations: no enzyme, 1X enzyme, and 2X
enzyme.
16.
16 (a) (i) Describe the trends shown by the three curves on the graph.
(ii) Explain why the reaction with 2X enzyme produced product faster than the
reaction with 1X enzyme.
(b) (i) Suggest what would happen to the rate of reaction if the enzyme
concentration continued to increase beyond 2X, while the substrate concentration
remained constant.
(ii) Predict and explain how the graph would appear if the enzyme were boiled
before use.
17. (a) Explain how the structure of a chloroplast is adapted for the light-dependent
reactions of photosynthesis. Give five points.
(b) A patient suffering from liver damage was found to have poor digestion of
fats.
(i) Identify the digestive juice most likely affected.
(ii) State the components of this juice and explain their roles in fat digestion.
18. (a) During exercise, the rate of gas exchange increases. Explain how the structure of
the lung facilitates this. Give four points
(b) (i) A person inhales dust particles that reach the bronchioles.
Explain the defense mechanisms that prevent damage to the alveoli. Give
four points
(ii) Explain what would happen if the alveoli collapsed. Give two points.
19 (a) A wildlife biologist observes an Africa lion. The animal belongs to the order
Carnivora, family Felidae, and its scientific name is Panthera leo.
(i) Classify this animal from kingdom to species.
(ii) Explain the importance of classifying this animal using taxonomic ranks.
Give three points.
(b) (i) A zoologist groups animals based on the presence or absence
of wings. State what type of classification was used.
(c) Explain why artificial classification is still useful despite its limitations.
Give three points
20. (a) State the functions of the following organelles:
(i) Golgi apparatus
(ii) Lysosomes
(iii) Vacuoles
(iv) Peroxisomes
(v) Plasma membrane
(b) Describe one adaptation of each organelle that supports its function.
21 a) Describe the main events of the Krebs cycle and state where it occurs in the cell.
(b) State three importance of glycolysis to human being.
22. (a) (i) Agaricus lacks chlorophyll yet survives successfully in dark and damp
environments. In five points explain the adaptations that enable it to
live in its natural environment.
(ii) Draw and label the structure of Saccharomyces.
(b) Flowering plants dominate most terrestrial ecosystems.
(c) Use five contrasting features, explain how you can distinguish
between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous.
