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Notes Topic 2.12 Logarithmic Function Manipulation

The document covers the basic properties of logarithms, including product, quotient, power, and change of base properties. It provides examples for simplifying, condensing, and expanding logarithmic expressions, as well as identifying graphical transformations. The conclusion emphasizes that logarithmic functions exhibit vertical dilations and translations based on their properties.

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27 views2 pages

Notes Topic 2.12 Logarithmic Function Manipulation

The document covers the basic properties of logarithms, including product, quotient, power, and change of base properties. It provides examples for simplifying, condensing, and expanding logarithmic expressions, as well as identifying graphical transformations. The conclusion emphasizes that logarithmic functions exhibit vertical dilations and translations based on their properties.

Uploaded by

ksgtfrt7g7
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Notes: (Topic 2.

12) Logarithmic Function Manipulation

Basic Properties of Logarithms and Natural Logarithms

Example 1: Simplify
2
a) log12 12 x 2   c) ln e x  d) eln 7 
log10 sin x
b) 10

Properties of Logarithms:

Product Property

Quotient Property

Power Property

Change of Base

Example 2: For each of the following, write an equivalent expression by condensing each expression to a single
logarithm.

a) log 3 a  log 3 b b) log 5 10  log 5 x c) 4ln x

d) 3log 4 2  log 4 v e) 2ln w  3ln x  ln 5 f) 2  log 5 x

Example 3: Expand each logarithmic expression.

 x2   e2 
a) log 3  
 y 

b) log 3a b  c) ln  
 10 
Example 4: Identify the graphical transformation from the parent graph. Then use the properties of exponents to
determine a different graphical transformation from the parent graph.

 x
a) f ( x)  log 2  8 x  b) g ( x)  log 4  3x  c) h( x)  log  
 10 

Conclusion: Every horizontal dilation of a logarithmic function is equivalent to a vertical translation.

Example 5: Use the properties of exponents to determine the graphical transformation from the parent graph.

 1

 
a) r ( x)  log 2 x 4 b) s ( x)  log  x 2 
 

Conclusion: Raising the input of a logarithmic function to a power results in a vertical dilation.

Example 6: Consider the function f ( x)  log 2  x 

a) Rewrite the function using the change of base formula using the new base of 5.

b) If g ( x)  log5  x  , what graphical transformation would map f ( x) to g ( x)

Conclusion: The Change of Base property illustrates that all logarithmic functions are vertical dilations of each other!

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